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August, 2003
Pre-Feasibility Study
DISCLAIMER
The purpose and scope of this information memorandum is to introduce the subject
matter and provide a general idea and information on the said area. All the material
included in this document is based on data/information gathered from various
sources and is based on certain assumptions. Although, due care and diligence has
been taken to compile this document, the contained information may vary due to any
change in any of the concerned factors, and the actual results may differ substantially
from the presented information. PHDEB does not assume any liability for any
financial or other loss resulting from this memorandum in consequence of
undertaking this activity. Therefore, the content of this memorandum should not be
relied upon for making any decision, investment or otherwise. The prospective user
of this memorandum is encouraged to carry out his/her own due diligence and gather
any information he/she considers necessary for making an informed decision.
The content of the information memorandum does not bind PHDEB in any legal or
other form.
DOCUMENT CONTROL
Document No.
Revision
Prepared by
PHDEB
Approved by
CEO
Issue Date
August, 2003
Issued by
CEO
Pre-Feasibility Study
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Ge ne ral
Agriculture sector is the backbone of Pakistans economy. The sector employs 44 %
of the work force and contributes 25% towards National GDP. Nature has blessed
our country with fertile land and suitable climate for growing variety of vegetables.
The geographical location of the country is ideally suited for a large variety of
agricultural crops, which are used directly for food as well as a raw material for
processing industry. Vegetables grown in Pakistan are unique in taste, aroma and are
almost organic as very low quantity of chemicals is used in their cultivation.
Moreover, most of the vegetables grown are not genetically modified and original
species are still cultivated in the country.
Vegetables are rich source of vitamins, carbohydrates, salts and proteins. With
increased health awareness in the general public and changing dietary patterns,
vegetables are now becoming an integral part of average households daily meals. In
addition, high population growth rate has also given rise to high demand in basic
dietary vegetables. Increased health awareness, high population growth rate,
changing dietary patterns of increasingly affluent middle class and availability of
packaged vegetables, has therefore generated a year round high demand for
vegetables in the country in general and in major city centers in particular. However,
our farmers have yet not been able to encash this opportunity and still follow
traditional sowing and picking patterns. This results in highly volatile vegetable
supply market wherein the market is flooded with seasonal vegetables irrespective of
demand presence on one hand and very high priced vegetables in off-season on the
other. Lack of developed vegetable processing and storage facility robs our farmers
from their due share of profit margins. In natural season local vegetables flood the
markets substantially bringing down the prices.
In the absence of storage infrastructure and vegetable processing industry in the
country, off-season vegetables farming is the only viable option that can add value to
the farmer produce.
1.2 Pro je ct B rie f
The proposed project is designed as a medium size off-season vegetable farming
unit, spreading over a land area of 15 acres. Off-season vegetables, such as,
tomatoes, cucumber, brinjal, hot pepper and squashes will be cultivated using Walkin tunnel technology.
The land can be utilized for green farming 1 during the idle period to maintain the
fertility of soil. Apart from green farming, the land can also be utilized for growing
seasonal vegetables like potato, carrot, onion, garlic and cabbage etc., in the idle
period, but this may affect the fertility of the land, resulting in reduction of yield of
1
Green farming is done to maintain the fertility of the land with the cultivation of any legume crop.
When the crop is matured it is then incorporated in soil with the help of a Rotavator.
3
Pre-Feasibility Study
Area (Acres)
Tomatoes
Cucumber
Brinjal
Hot Pepper
Sweet Pepper
Squashes
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
Production Quantity
in (Kgs)/ Acre
25,000
25,000
24,000
12,000
18,000
25,000
Total Production
Quantity
62,500
62,500
60,000
30,000
45,000
62,500
71.6
30.0
39.6
13.9
19.8
Proteins
Gram
1.7
0.9
1.1
1.1
1.0
4
Fats
Carbohydrat
Gram
es Gram
0.1
16.0
0.2
6.2
0.3
8.2
0.1
2.2
0.2
3.9
Ascorbic
acid
14.1
24.7
5.3
31.1
38.1
Pre-Feasibility Study
Peas
Tomato
Onion
Spinach
Brinjal
Lettuce
45.4
20.0
45.8
23.8
20.3
12.6
3.0
0.9
0.9
1.0
1.9
0.8
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.1
8.0
3.5
9.7
60.4
2.6
2.0
11.9
20.5
8.4
5.1
48.2
12.6
Mostly the vegetables grown in the world are local to their land and countries
however other varieties and types have also been introduced from across different
continents/countries, which are now grown and consumed in the local diet. Almost
all types and varieties of known vegetables are grown in Pakistan.
Vegetables can be cultivated in off-season, with the induction of an artificial
technique like tunnel technology, in which temperature and moisture is controlled
for specific growth of vegetables. The production of vegetables all around the year
enables the growers to fully utilize their resources and supplement income from
vegetable growing as compared to other normal agricultural crops.
As the landholding powers of farmers is decreasing, they need to increase the
productivity of their available land, off-season vegetable farming is a measure
through which they can attain higher profit margins from the crop.
1.4 Via ble Eco no mic Fa rm S i ze
The proposed project is based on a land holding of 15 acres, however the distance of
the farm from the market will determine the feasible size of the project. Near large
markets like Lahore, projects with smaller land holdings can be a viable option, but
large land holdings are recommended for projects that are planned away from large
markets.
1.5 Pro je ct Cos t
The proposed project of off-season vegetables farming needs capital investment of
about Rs. 1.06 million. This includes machinery and equipment. The land utilized for
cultivation is recommended to be leased. In addition to this, a sum of Rs. 0.17
million is also required as working capital. The total project cost amounts to Rs. 1.22
million.
Pre-Feasibility Study
HARVESTING
GRADING
FIELD BED
PREPARATION
SOIL
FERTILIZING
PLANT
PROTECTION
TOP DRESS
FERTILIZING
POST
HARVESTING
ASPECTS
NURSERY
TRANSPLANTATION
MOISTURE
CONDITIONING
SHIPMENT/
DESPATCH
Pre-Feasibility Study
Tomato
Onion
Garlic
Chili
Turmeric
Potato
Peas
Vegetables
(excluding potato
and sugar beat)
Punjab
000
Tons
62.2
225.0
21.1
13.5
33.9
1548.8
20.8
2082.0
Sind
000
Tons
32.8
596.6
7.3
76.6
3.0
32.8
202.1
NWFP Balochistan
000
000
Tons
Tons
146.2
52.8
183.2
380.2
24.9
3.2
0.4
2.8
5.9
115.6
54.3
1.2
2.1
358.7
230.4
Pakistan
000
Tons
294.0
1385.0
56.5
93.3
39.8
1721.7
56.9
2873.2
Pre-Feasibility Study
2.3 Ex po rt of Ve ge table s
The export data of some of Pakistans vegetables by destination for years 1999-2000
and 2000-01 is shown in the following Table 2-2: Ta ble 2-2: Ex po rt by Co unt rie s
Country
Tomato
Afghanistan
Cucumber
Afghanistan
Dubai
India
Brinjal
Afghanistan
Dubai
2000-2001
Quantity Value Average
In Tons
Rs
Rate
000 Rs./Kg.
1999-2000
Quantity
Value
Average
in Tons Rs 000
Rate
Rs./Kg.
39
5.5
13
167
12.5
175
--
424
---
2.4
---
143
20
6
633
120
28
4.4
6
4.1
243
6
1,079
60
4.4
10.4
94
--
267
--
2.8
--
In addition to the broad based local market for consumption of vegetables, the
markets of Afghanistan and those of the Central Asian Republics & Middle East can
be effectively and conveniently catered from Pakistan.
2.4 Cl us te rs of off-s e as on ve ge table pro ductio n
As per the information gathered from Agriculture Department, Government of
Punjab, and National Agricultural Research Center, Islamabad, following are some
of the areas which could be identified as major existing clusters of off-season
vegetable production in the country:
Mamonkangan, Shah Kot in district Faisalabad, Kamalia in Toba Tek Singh, Chiniot
in district Jhang, Swat, Tarnab, Mardan, Khairabad, and Mirpur Khas.
Pre-Feasibility Study
3 TECHNICAL ANALYSIS
3.1 Pla nta tio n & G ro wt h Es se ntials
There are 16 essential requirements for healthy growth of a plant. The requirement
and their respective sources are provided in the following table:
Ta ble 3-1: Pla ntat io n g ro wt h e sse ntials
SOURCE
Air & Water
Land
REQUIREMENT
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potash
Calcium, Magnesium, Sulpher Iron, Copper, Zinc, Boran,
Molybidenium, Maganese and Chlorine
3.2 Fe rt il i ze rs
Using fertilizers containing Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potash the yield of the crop
can be maximized.
Appropriate quality and quantity of fertilizer plays a great role in the production and
quality of vegetables.
3.3 Sowi ng & picki ng pe rio d o f off -s e as on ve ge table s
Following are sowing and picking periods of selected off-season vegetables in their
respective normal growing seasons:
Ta ble 3-2: So wi ng a nd pi cki ng pe rio d fo r t he se le cte d off-s e as on ve ge table s
Vegetables
Tomato
Brinjal
Squashes
Cucumber
Sweet pepper/ Hot
pepper
Sowing Period
October (Nursery)
November (transplantation)
October (Nursery)
November (transplantation)
End of October to 1st week of
November (direct seeding)
End of October to end of
December (direct seeding)
Mid of September to 1st
week of October
End of October to 1st week of
November (Transplantation)
Picking Period
February-May
February-May
End of December to
April
Mid January to May
End of January to
September
Pre-Feasibility Study
The off-season vegetables are grown in the areas where the climatic conditions are
moderate for both normal as well as for off-seasons. Winter vegetables are grown in
summer on hilly/semi hilly areas where climatic conditions are favorable for a
particular vegetable. Like wise summer vegetables are grown in winter season in the
valleys and across the sea areas.
The production cost of vegetables under above conditions is very high due to
transportation of crop to the markets. Moreover, the transportation of crop over long
distance markets causes post-harvest losses. These drawbacks lead to the adoption of
artificial methods of cultivation in off-season, nearer to markets to tackle heavy
transportation cost and to reduce post-harvest losses.
3.4.2
Artificial Methods
Sarkanda (Saccharum spontaneum) is a tall, straight, grass, growing in clamps, having height upto
6 meters.
10
Pre-Feasibility Study
In the construction of tunnel the major materials involved are mild steel bars and
plastic sheets. Plastic sheets are used for roof covering of the tunnel shaped
construction, which is built with steel bars. Bamboo lengths can also be used in some
proportion with the mild steel bars. Plastic sheet is to be spread in such a manner that
it enables the stoppage of cold air from outside.
The tunnel construction offers maximum crop yield, better maintenance of the
fertility of land, controlled temperature and humidity, protection from wild animals,
insects and better water conservation.
There are three types of tunnels, known as low and walk-in and high tunnels.
1. Low Tunnel
It is cheaper than high tunnel but creates difficulty for soil preparation, spraying and
picking.
The tunnels are suitable for cucumber sown flat bed, melons, watermelons, bitter
gourds, squashes, and snake gourds etc. The crop yield in this type of tunnel is
however low compared to high tunnels.
Fig ure 3-1: Lo w Plas tic Tunne ls3
Pre-Feasibility Study
2. Walk-in Tunnels
Walk-in tunnels are lower than the high tunnels but they are gaining popularity as
they provide high yield compared to low tunnels. The tunnel is suitable for growing
tomatoes, cucumbers, sweet pepper and hot pepper.
Fig ure 3-2: Squas h g ro wn in Wa lk- i n Tunne l4
3. High Tunnel
High tunnel facilitates easy access for soil preparation, picking and spraying due to
its width and height. The crop yield is maximum in this type of tunnel. The tunnel is
suitable for growing tomatoes, cucumbers and sweet peppers.
Fig ure 3-3: Pict ure of H ig h Tunne l 5
Pre-Feasibility Study
Pipe material
Thickness
Diameter
20 mm
Thickness
1.6 mm
Length
18 ft
Mild steel, round in shape
Diameter
12 mm
Length
2 ft
0.06 mm thick and 20 ft wide
Center 6 ft, Sides 2.5 ft
12 ft
190 ft
13 per acre
Iron Rod
Tunnel Specification
Plastic
Height
Width
Length
No. of tunnels
The cost of walk-in tunnels amounts to Rs. 32,000 to Rs. 35,000. The tunnel is
suitable for growing tomatoes, cucumbers, sweet pepper and hot pepper.
3.5.1
Support Structure
Each tunnel will be 190 feet long, 2.5 feet high and 12 feet wide. The tunnel is built
by pipe material of 20-mm diameter 18 feet length, and round shaped mild steel iron
rods of 12-mm diameter and 2 feet length. Each tunnel structure will then be covered
by 0.06-mm thick and 20 feet wide plastic sheet. Approximately 13 tunnels can be
constructed on an acre of land.
13
Pre-Feasibility Study
Any person who is planning to adopt this technology should have some practical
knowledge about farming.
Land that is being utilized for off-season vegetable farming should be tested
which will help in determining the quality of land for agriculture purposes.
Farmer should ensure that the plant they are planning to grow must have the
ability to self-pollinate under the plastic sheet.
Selection of the seed is most important factor because this determines the
productivity of the crop.
Vegetables, which are in demand, should be cultivated, this will help in earning
higher profit margins.
Pre-Feasibility Study
4 LAND UTILIZATION
A bar chart showing possible utilization of land is given in Table 4-1:
Ta ble 4-1: Bar c ha rt s ho wi ng t he occupat io n of la nd
Description
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
OFF SEASON
Tomato
Cucumber
Hot & Sweet
Pepper
Squashes
Brinjal
Tunnel material i.e. mild steel bar, Plastic Sheet, Iron Wire, Bamboo, is available
locally from different suppliers.
Mian Shadi Agricultural Material Company, Syngenta Pakistan Ltd. and Haji
Sons are the major suppliers of hybrid seeds.
Fertilizers of all kinds are available locally.
Pesticides of different natures are also available locally.
Water is available from canal or can be used from peter engine.
Tomatoes
Cucumber
Brinjal
Hot Pepper
Sweet Pepper
Squashes
Land
Utilization
(Acres)
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
Production
Quantity (Kgs)/
Acre
25,000
25,000
24,000
12,000
18,000
25,000
15
Production
Quantity
(Kgs)
62,500
62,500
60,000
30,000
45,000
62,500
Sale Price
Rs./ Kg
10
10
8
15
15
8
Pre-Feasibility Study
The prices of vegetables in normal season are around one-third of the prices of
vegetables grown in off-seasons.
5 MACHINERY REQUIREMENT
Following machinery is required for an off-season vegetable farm of 15 acres:
Ta ble 5-1: Too ls , Equi pme nt a nd Ve hic le s
Description
Number
Rotavator
Ridger
Soil Leveler/ Scraper
Spray Machines & Farm Tools
Peter Engine
Total cost of tools & equipment cost
Tractor & Cultivator
Total cost of vehicle
Total cost of tools, equipment & vehicle
1
1
1
1
1
Cost per
Unit (in Rs)
30,000
10,000
10,000
37,500
20,000
350,000
Total Cost
(in Rs)
30,000
10,000
10,000
37,500
20,000
107,500
350,000
350,000
457,500
Number
Farm Manager
Labor
Guard
Total
1
5
1
Apart from the above mentioned staff requirement part time workers for three month
will be required during the picking season. Following table shows the part time staff
requirement:
Ta ble 6-2: Pa rt-t i me s taff re qui re me nt
Description
Labor 7
Number
4
Pre-Feasibility Study
7 INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIREMENT
Ta ble 7-1: La nd & B ui l di ng Cove re d Are a
Description
Agriculture Land (Acre)
Area (Acre)
15
No. of
Units
3300 RFT
3 Kg
180 kg
1
Price Per
Unit (in Rs.)
8
40
22
2,000
170 Kg
25%
70
Total Cost
(in Rs.)
26,400
120
3,960
2,000
32,480
11,900
44,380
Electricity
Diesel (for tube well operations)
Water
Telephone/Fax
Pre-Feasibility Study
8 PROJECT ECONOMICS
Ta ble 8-1: Pro je ct Cos t
DESCRIPTION
Building & Civil works
Plant & Machinery
Furniture & Fixture
Vehicles
Pre-Operating Cost
Total Fixed Cost
Cash
5,000
120,000
166,227
1,223,727
Rs.
Equity
Debt
50%
50%
611,864
611,864
58.70%
1,879,500
2.04
18
Pre-Feasibility Study
Hybrid seeds that provide higher yield can lead to lower unit cost.
Off-season cultivation of high value vegetables will fetch better price and
provide continuous supply to the processing industries.
Higher prices can be obtained by producing the right crops, at the right times and
of better quality. They may also depend on negotiating skills and targeting high
price buyers.
19
Pre-Feasibility Study
12 FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
12.1 Pro je cte d I nco me State me nt
PROJECTED INCOME STATEMENT
in Rs
Year-10
Year-1
Year-2
Year-3
Year-4
Year-5
Year-6
Year-7
Year-8
Year-9
2,851,750
2,994,338
3,144,054
3,301,257
3,466,320
3,639,636
3,821,618
4,012,699
4,213,334
4,424,000
408,125
414,000
60,000
30,000
178,500
1,090,625
1,761,125
428,531
434,700
63,000
33,000
142,800
1,102,031
1,892,306
449,958
456,435
66,150
36,300
161,096
1,169,939
1,974,115
472,456
479,257
69,458
39,930
166,362
1,227,462
2,073,795
496,078
503,220
72,930
43,923
175,377
1,291,529
2,174,791
520,882
528,381
76,577
48,315
183,972
1,358,127
2,281,509
546,927
554,800
80,406
53,147
193,214
1,428,493
2,393,125
574,273
582,540
84,426
58,462
202,864
1,502,564
2,510,135
602,987
611,667
88,647
64,308
213,010
1,580,618
2,632,716
633,136
642,250
93,080
70,738
223,660
1,662,863
2,761,137
21,600
36,000
28,518
6,280
322,500
322,500
75,110
812,508
948,618
22,680
39,600
29,943
6,280
338,625
338,625
75,110
850,863
1,041,443
23,814
43,560
31,441
6,280
355,556
355,556
75,110
891,317
1,082,798
25,005
47,916
33,013
6,280
373,334
373,334
75,110
933,991
1,139,804
26,255
52,708
34,663
6,280
392,001
392,001
75,110
979,017
1,195,774
27,568
57,978
36,396
6,280
411,601
411,601
75,110
1,026,534
1,254,975
28,946
63,776
38,216
6,280
432,181
432,181
75,110
1,076,690
1,316,435
30,393
70,154
40,127
6,280
453,790
453,790
75,110
1,129,644
1,380,491
31,913
77,169
42,133
6,280
476,479
476,479
75,110
1,185,564
1,447,151
33,509
84,886
44,240
6,280
500,303
500,303
75,110
1,244,632
1,516,505
53,476
16,623
120,000
190,099
758,518
140,481
618,037
0
618,037
45,059
0
120,000
165,059
876,384
181,734
694,650
618,037
1,312,687
35,631
0
120,000
155,631
927,167
199,509
727,659
1,312,687
2,040,346
25,072
0
120,000
145,072
994,732
223,156
771,576
2,040,346
2,811,921
13,245
0
120,000
133,245
1,062,528
246,885
815,643
2,811,921
3,627,565
0
0
120,000
120,000
1,134,975
272,241
862,734
3,627,565
4,490,299
0
0
120,000
120,000
1,196,435
293,752
902,683
4,490,299
5,392,981
0
0
120,000
120,000
1,260,491
316,172
944,319
5,392,981
6,337,300
0
0
120,000
120,000
1,327,151
339,503
987,648
6,337,300
7,324,949
0
0
120,000
120,000
1,396,505
363,777
1,032,728
7,324,949
8,357,677
20
Pre-Feasibility Study
Operating activities
Net profit
Amortization (Pre-operational Expenses)
Depreciation
Accounts receivable
Equipment Spare Parts Inventory
Stocks-RM
Accounts payable
Cash provided by operations
Financing activities
Long term debt principal repayment
Lease Payment
Lease Expense
Addition to Long Term Debt
Running Finance Repayment
Issuance of share
Cash provided by/ (used for) financing activities
Total
Investing activities
Capital expenditure
Cash (used for)/ provided by investing activities
Net Cash
Cash balance brought forward
Cash Balance
Running Finance
Cash carried forward
(5,000)
0
(5,000)
(120,000)
Year-1
Year-2
Year-3
Year-4
Year-5
Year-6
Year-7
Year-8
Year-9
in Rs
Year-10
618,037
6,280
75,110
0
(250)
0
34,002
733,179
694,650
6,280
75,110
0
(263)
0
1,700
777,477
727,659
6,280
75,110
0
(276)
0
1,785
810,558
771,576
6,280
75,110
0
(289)
0
1,874
854,551
815,643
6,280
75,110
0
(304)
0
1,968
898,698
862,734
6,280
75,110
0
(319)
0
2,066
945,871
902,683
6,280
75,110
0
(335)
0
2,170
985,907
944,319
6,280
75,110
0
(352)
0
2,278
1,027,636
987,648
6,280
75,110
0
(369)
0
2,392
1,071,061
1,032,728
6,280
75,110
0
7,757
0
2,177
1,124,052
(70,147)
(120,000)
120,000
(78,565)
(120,000)
120,000
(87,993)
(120,000)
120,000
(98,552)
(120,000)
120,000
(110,378)
(120,000)
120,000
0
(120,000)
120,000
0
(120,000)
120,000
0
(120,000)
120,000
0
(120,000)
120,000
0
0
120,000
445,636
(166,227)
611,864
937,500
932,500
(236,375)
496,804
(78,565)
698,912
(87,993)
722,565
(1,057,500)
(1,057,500)
(125,000)
0
(125,000)
166,227
41,227
496,804
41,227
538,031
0
538,031
698,912
538,031
1,236,943
0
1,236,943
722,565
1,236,943
1,959,509
0
1,959,509
21
0
(98,552)
755,999
755,999
1,959,509
2,715,507
0
2,715,507
0
(110,378)
788,319
788,319
2,715,507
3,503,826
0
3,503,826
0
945,871
0
985,907
0
1,027,636
0
1,071,061
120,000
1,244,052
945,871
3,503,826
4,449,698
0
4,449,698
985,907
4,449,698
5,435,605
0
5,435,605
1,027,636
5,435,605
6,463,240
0
6,463,240
1,071,061
6,463,240
7,534,302
0
7,534,302
1,244,052
7,534,302
8,778,354
0
8,778,354
Pre-Feasibility Study
Year-1
Year-2
Year-3
Year-4
Year-5
Year-6
Year-7
Year-8
Year-9
in Rs
Year-10
Current Assets
Cash
Equipment Spare Parts Inventory
Stocks and Inventory
Pre-paid Land Lease
Receivable
Total
41,227
5,000
0
120,000
0
166,227
538,031
5,250
0
120,000
0
663,281
1,236,943
5,513
0
120,000
0
1,362,456
1,959,509
5,788
0
120,000
0
2,085,297
2,715,507
6,078
0
120,000
0
2,841,585
3,503,826
6,381
0
120,000
0
3,630,208
4,449,698
6,700
0
120,000
0
4,576,398
5,435,605
7,036
0
120,000
0
5,562,640
6,463,240
7,387
0
120,000
0
6,590,628
7,534,302
7,757
0
120,000
0
7,662,058
8,778,354
0
0
0
0
8,778,354
994,700
0
994,700
994,700
75,110
919,590
994,700
150,220
844,480
994,700
225,330
769,370
994,700
300,440
694,260
994,700
375,550
619,150
994,700
450,660
544,040
994,700
525,770
468,930
994,700
600,880
393,820
994,700
675,990
318,710
994,700
751,100
243,600
62,800
62,800
1,223,727
56,520
56,520
1,639,391
50,240
50,240
2,257,176
43,960
43,960
2,898,627
37,680
37,680
3,573,525
31,400
31,400
4,280,758
25,120
25,120
5,145,558
18,840
18,840
6,050,410
12,560
12,560
6,997,008
6,280
6,280
7,987,048
0
0
9,021,954
166,227
166,227
0
34,002
34,002
0
35,702
35,702
0
37,487
37,487
0
39,361
39,361
0
41,329
41,329
0
43,396
43,396
0
45,566
45,566
0
47,844
47,844
0
50,236
50,236
0
52,413
52,413
445,636
445,636
375,489
375,489
296,924
296,924
208,931
208,931
110,378
110,378
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Equity
Paid-up Capital
Retained Earnings
Total
611,864
0
611,864
611,864
618,037
1,229,901
611,864
1,312,687
1,924,550
611,864
2,040,346
2,652,209
611,864
2,811,921
3,423,785
611,864
3,627,565
4,239,429
611,864
4,490,299
5,102,162
611,864
5,392,981
6,004,845
611,864
6,337,300
6,949,164
611,864
7,324,949
7,936,812
611,864
8,357,677
8,969,541
1,223,727
1,639,391
2,257,176
2,898,627
3,573,525
4,280,758
5,145,558
6,050,410
6,997,008
7,987,048
9,021,954
Intangible Assets
Pre-operational Expenses
Total
TOTAL ASSETS
Current Liabilities
Running Finance
Accounts payable
Total
22
Pre-Feasibility Study
13 KEY ASSUMPTIONS
Ta ble 13-1: Cro p As s umptio ns
Crop
Assumptions
Cost per
Seed in Rs.
Tomato
Brinjal
Cucumber
Hot Pepper
Sweet Pepper
Squashes
Sale Price Growth Rate
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
Average
Av. Seed Crop Yield Sale Price
Seed
Price/
per Acre in of Crop per
Requirement Acre
Kgs
Kg
in unit/ Acre
15,000
6,750
25,000
10
15,000
6,750
25,000
10
15,000
20,250
24,000
8
15,000
7,500
12,000
15
15,000
22,500
18,000
15
7,000
7,000
25,000
8
5%
10%
10%
5%
23
15%
5%
1.0%
200
5
2
3,000
1.00
1.00
1,000
1,000
5%
7,500
7,500
3,500
Pre-Feasibility Study
15
1
10
50%
50%
12%
10%
20%
5
1
24