LEYTE NORMAL UNIVERSITY

Tacloban City

METHODS OF TEACHING
Teaching methods are the means by which the teacher attempts to bring about the desired
learning. Basically, method in teaching concerns the way teachers organize and use techniques of
teaching, subject matter, teaching tools, teaching materials to meet teaching objectives. It consists of
formulating the goals and objectives for teaching, selecting the subject matter and the teaching
procedures that will achieve these objectives, carrying out procedures, evaluating the success of the
learning activities, and the following up their successes and failures.

I.

TEACHING ENGLISH
A. Pronunciation Lesson
This is a lesson wherein we teach scientifically the correct production English sounds. It
involves analysis and imitation. Since the foreign learner of English has to tackle a lot of
sounds foreign to him, it is but necessary that he does this with precise direction.
Steps to be followed in teaching this lesson:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Listening Phase
Recognition Phase
Production Phase
Transition Phase

B. Grammar and Correct Usage Lessons

Grammar is a system of rules for effective speaking and writing of a given language.
Improvement in ones ability to express himself in sentences that are grammatically correct
is an important evidence of growth in language power.
Correct usage is defined as that quality of speech which is appropriate to the purpose
of the speaker, true to the language as it is, and comfortable to the speaker and listener. It
is largely a matter of both understanding and applying the present accepted rules.
Steps to be followed in teaching these lessons:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Preparation motivation, apperception, introduction, or purposing

Presentation direct or indirect
Comparison and Abstraction
Generalization
Application
Ways of presenting structures using the indirect approach:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

By means of dialogue
By means of a new story
By means of a letter
By means of a diary
By means of a story

6.
7.
8.
9.

By means of a comic strip

By means of an advertisement
By means of a picture study
By means of a poem, rhyme, or light verse

Important things to remember:

1. Grammar and correct usage should be taught for their functional value. Memorization
of rules is of little or no value unless application for those rules is provided.
2. The use of the rules should be the point of emphasis.
3. All grammatical concepts and rules should be taught inductively.
C. Teaching a Poem
Steps to be followed in teaching a poem:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Vocabulary Development
Introduction and Motivation
Presentation - (First reading of the poem by the teacher)
Discussion
a) Intellectual discussion (thought of the poem)
b) Aesthetic discussion (beauty of the poem)
5. Reading of the Poem
a) Second reading of the poem by the teacher.
b) Reading of the poem by the pupils
1. Line by line reading
2. Stanza by stanza
3. Reading of the whole poem several times
D. Spelling Lesson
Correct spelling is a requisite of correct written expression. A person needs to be able to
write correctly from memory most of the common words that he needs in expressing
himself in writing.
Two types of words taught:
1. Words commonly used in practical writing activities of adults (These words are found in
word lists.)
2. Words that pupils will need to write in school (These words would be chosen by the
teacher.)
Two methods used in teaching spelling:
1. Study-test method study, test, study cycle
(for Grades II and III)
2. Test-study method - test, study, test cycle
(for Grades IV, V, and VI)
The spelling program should possess the following aspects:
1. It must provide for the pre-testing of words to determine the words that need to be
studied in the spelling lessons and the types of errors committed in writing the words as
a basis for emphasis in teaching.
2. It must include effective study of the worlds.
a.) Direct teaching
b.) Independent study
3. It must provide drills and reviews for the mastery of words.
4. There must be a provision for measuring pupils growth and teaching efficiency in
spelling.

1.
2.

3.
4.

Steps to be followed in teaching spelling:

Motivation
Presentation and Teaching part.
a. The teacher pronounces the word that he has shown the pupils.
b. He pupils pronounce the word.
c. The pupils syllabicate the word.
d. The teacher develops the meaning of the word and the pupils use the word in
sentences.
e. The teacher asks the pupils to visualize the word.
f. The pupils pronounce the word and spell it orally.
g. The pupils write the word.
Generalization (if necessary)
Application
The drill method can also be used:

1. Motivation
2. Focalization (do the suggested steps in teaching here)
3. Repetition
4. Application
E. Oral Composition Lesson
It is of prime importance for the pupils to learn to express himself well in oral form. The
school must spend most of the available time in oral composition.
The aims of oral composition are:
1. Spontaneity
2. Enriched experiences
3. Accurate sentence structure
4. Extensive vocabulary
Steps to be followed in teaching oral composition:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Drill (on the skill)

Introduction and Motivation (of the oral composition)
Vocabulary Development
Setting up of Standards
Modeling by the teacher
Oral composition
evaluation