/   21720710


Preventive Medicine and Clinical Service Department/
Medical Outreach Division Tel :21720710
The Knight 
June 2007


 Smoking and Health

  
Smoking and Health P.1-3

   
Vaccine to prevent Cervical
Cancer P.4-6

       
2007-2008 Influenza
Prevention and Vaccination
Program P.7

   
Avocado Toast P.8

 Tobacco and General Health


  It is a proven fact that tobacco is
hazardous to health. Chemicals from
        
tobacco smoke pass through the lung
     
! " # $  into the blood streams and rush to
% & ' ()  * + ,  -15-20( the brain in less than 10 seconds;
. / & 0 1 2 3 4  and it reaches the toes in 15-20
seconds.
  ! " # $ % &' ()
Tobacco causes a variety of diseases:

•* + ,' - • Lung Diseases

•./ 0 ' - • Heart Diseases and stroke
•1 • Cancers
• Digestive Disorders
•2 3 + ,4 5
• Diseases of the mouth and throat
•67&-8

Jul 07
 Medical Outreach   

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 Smoking and Health


 
Respiratory Diseases

 &yA z { :| }  Smokers have poorer lung function than non-smokers .

y~ € I ‚ A I Smoking causes a lot of lung diseases that can be just as
 ƒ „ : ! … † ‡ ˆ &A dangerous as lung cancers.
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Smoking leads to:
•‹ p  Œ  &Ž  M  •Chronic and excessive cough and phlegm
•A ‘ • Chest Infections
•‹ p ^ 0 ‘ • Chronic Bronchitis, and
•A ^ ’ • Emphysema

 Cancers
Tobacco smoke contains over 40 cancer-
 “ ” •– Œ 40—
causing agents. It causes mutation to the
! ˜ ™ I >c
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cellular hereditary factors and damages
http://www.cminc.ne.jp/hospital/kinen1.htm genes. Hence, smoking is one of the major
8 ¡ ¢ I £ 
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causes of cancers.
Smoking increases the risk of the following
9 :; < (=>" 1&? @ )A B6 cancers: Lung cancer, Oral, Throat,
7BC  C D BE F BG Laryngeal cancers, Bladder cancer, Uterine
cervix cancer, etc.

 Cardiovascular Diseases

 H IJ K L M NO 3 P Q R S A  When tobacco smoke is inhaled, nicotine and

T U V W X Y Z [ / 0 I: ! / \ ] carbon monoxide are transferred directly into
&O ^ _ ` I.a < b  c  d&. the blood circulation through the lungs. This
/ 0 e [ _ f gh i ) causes oxygen depletion, increases heart rate
and damages smoker's cardiovascular system,
such as:
•j?
•Stroke
•.k -l
•Heart Attack
•% m / \ n o p ' -
•Peripheral Vascular Disease, e.g. Poor leg
•q r s t u
circulation
•v p w / x 1
•Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
•High Blood Pressure

Jul 07
 Medical Outreach   

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 Smoking and Health
Digestive Disorders
Smoking has harmful effects
     on our digestive systems.
•5 6 7
Smoking increases the risk of:
•5 8 9 •Heartburn
•Peptic Ulcer
•: ; •Crohn's Disease
•Liver Disease

 
 Oral Health
The mouth is the direct and
67¤ &V W &e f dI “ j
unavoidable organ to have contact
&3 « ¬ ­  ! )
with the nasty chemicals in tobacco
•6® smoke.
•¯ ° 8 ±
The more the person smokes, the
•¯ ² -8 Ih i )¯ ³ ‘ more chances to develop:
•Bad breath
•67< = > ? @ A • Discolored teeth
• Gum disease, such as Periodontitis
•B C D E C F G
(inflammation around the teeth)
•´ (hairy tongue)¤ 9¶ µ · =
µ • Cellular damage in the mucous
¸ ¹ º D &» 3 =¼ ½ ¾ ¿ À I linings of the mouth
 Á Œ  ¬ à ´ ¹  • Less sensitivity to smell and taste
• Hairy tongue

Quit Smoking right now

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#
$&%(' Join our “Smoke Free Club”


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2C
/DE:9GFHIJKL-MNPO
Breath Test-
You can check how much Carbon Monoxide is in you blood by taking

QR&ST VUW X YZ 2638 6803 Tai Po / Ms. Loong

a breath test in our health centres. It’s FREE! Come and try!

[X \ YZ 2344 3444 Kowloon/ Ms. Lee 4567_`

]^ http://www.SmokeFreeClubHK.com Breath Test

Jul 07
 Medical Outreach   

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       Vaccine to prevent Cervical Cancer




 

ÄÅ1,j.ÆÇ&È ë N)Õp èí î ï
É Ê Ë I Ì Í Î Ï Ð • 440Ñ  Fig.1: Female reproductive organ
Ò1IÓÔÕ-Ò1
Ö × & 5% I Ø Ù Ú Û  Ovary
Ü Ý     & • 130 Þ y I Ovarian Tube
Ó Ô Õ  1 Ü ß y × & 4% I
ØÙàÛ
Uterus
( d Ï á 9 20â ã ä å 70 Þ â
I æ  ç ( d  50 â > =    Cervix
Ô Õ N è j æ é • 1/ 94 & ê Vagina
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abcedfhgjikmlonpnoqprst
According to the data from Hong Kong Cancer Registry (year 2004), there are 440 new cases
of cervical cancer , which accounted for 5% of the total cancer new cases, rank number five.
Number of deaths about 130, 4% of total cancer deaths among woman. Rank number seven
among woman’s cancer
Age ranging from 20 to over 70 years, mostly found in aged 50 years or above.
The lifetime risk of developing cervical cancer for Hong Kong female is 1/ 94.

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Fig. 1 Cervical Cancer
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Source:MSD

Jul 07
 Medical Outreach   

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            ! "  # $

% " #   !  !  &  %      
    " !   ' #      (  )! * # +  !
 &, " -  . +  - % " !

   
  (HPV)


      
       (CIN 1,2 & 3)
High-risk type HPV
(16, 18,) ( 70% 16 18 HPV
         

   )1
(31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51) 16 & 18, responsible for 70% of cervical cancer & CIN
2/3 cases and 25% of CIN I cases

 
      (CIN 1)
Low-risk type HPV %         !  "  #  $

 
(6, 11,) ( 90% 6 11 HPV )
(40, 42, 43, 44, 54, 61) 6 & 11, responsible for ~9 to 12% of CIN I cases and 90%
Genital Warts.

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‚ (ƒ „… )
Fig. 4 : Genital Warts

• Schiffman M, Castle PE. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2003;127:930–934.

• Wiley DJ, Douglas J, Beutner K, et al. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;35(suppl 2):S210–S224.
4. Muñoz N, Bosch FX, Castellsagué X, et al. Int J Cancer. 2004;111:278–285.
• Jansen KU, Shaw AR. Annu Rev Med. 2004; 55:319-331.
• Schiffman M, Castle PE. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2003;127:930–934.
• Wiley DJ, Douglas J, Beutner K, et al. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;35(suppl 2):S210–S224.
4. Muñoz N, Bosch FX, Castellsagué X, et al. Int J Cancer. 2004;111:278–285.
• Jansen KU, Shaw AR. Annu Rev Med. 2004; 55:319-331.

Jul 07
 Medical Outreach   

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       Vaccine to prevent Cervical Cancer

  
 

     
 
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 Medical Outreach   

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1/10/2007-31/3/2008
! " #
$ % & ' ( )

 price for each dose1.1

    Special offfer
no. of standard price
vaccinees

 Early Bird1.3
within office hour 1.2

15-39 $100 $95 $90

40-99 $90 $85 $80
>=100 $80 $75 $70

 
   I  )

For detail, please contact our staff at 21720710

Jul 07
 Medical Outreach   

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 *+, , -. / Avocado Toast
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Written by: Heidi Tze Man Chan, Registered Dietitian
United Christian Nethersole Community Health Service

   
Avocado Toast

 
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G H I J K L M N (O  P Q R S Q T U V (O W X Y Z U V (O W +

Since, nowadays, the obesity rate has been raising in Hong Kong, and some chronic diseases like
hyperlipidemia have fallen on our younger group, everyone is scared from just hearing the word “fat”.
Being a “smart-nutrition” advocate, we always recommend people to have low fat diet. While
everyone is trying to adapt the low fat diet therapy, we need to know how to classify the quality of fat.
Fats with good quality, for example, are monounsaturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid.

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Avocado, among all fruits, should be the one with the most abundant good fat. The kilocalories of a
skinless, seedless, 130-gram avocado, is about equal to a medium bowl of cooked rice. Most of the
energy source comes from fat, which mainly as monounsaturated fatty acid. Monounsaturated fatty
acid helps to lower blood cholesterol. Besides this good fat, avocado also contains dietary fibre,
potassium, vitamin E, lutein, and carotene. When we are buying avocado, we should pick those more
ripen, more soft and with shinny skin. Since the taste of avocado seems like butter, we can enjoy it
with toast.

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Firstly, cut the avocado into half, remove seed and skin. Then cut one half into 3 little pieces and put
one little piece on a slice of bread. Toast it for about 15 seconds. If you do not have a toaster or oven
at home, you may try using a rice cooker instead. Simply place a piece of bread with a little piece of
avocado into a rice cooker and reheat it without adding any water. Moreover, avocado can be eaten
with salad or added in sushi. Western people like to eat Guacamole dip using avocado with tortilla
chips.
Although avocado is tasty and nutritious, we have to limit its intake to avoid getting “fat” as it is high
in calorie and fat.

á: e w http://www.avocado.org â ã ä S `  \ > å +
Note: Simply visit http://www.avocado.org for more avocado recipes.

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