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Working Party
'Safety Gas Mains'
1978
Published by the
COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
Directorate-General
Scientific and Technical Information and Information Management'
Btiment Jean Monnet
LUXEMBOURG
LEGAL NOTICE
Neither the Commission of the European Communities nor any person acting on
behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use which might be made of the
following information
C O N T E S T S
1.
Water s e a l s
2.
3.
Figures
10
-1-
-2-
1.1. Water Seals for Sas Distribution Systems and Non-High Top
Pressure Blast Furnaces
1.1.1
The only acceptable type of water seal i s that shown in
Figures 1 and 2. I t i s in the form of a U-bend or loop in the
pipe. All other types must be rejected since i t i s not possible
to check the condition of t h e i r inside walls. Figures 1 and 2
i l l u s t r a t e the U-bend type.
In some instances a butterfly valve located at the bottom of the
U limits the effects of an explosion as well as movement of water
contained in the closed water seal.
1.1.2
The seal gas release pressure of a water seal must be at
least three times the maximum working pressure of the gas system.
The minimum trap seal i s obtained by locating the over-flow pipe
of the water seal at a v e r t i c a l distance above the t r a p dip equivalent to three times the maximum working pressure of the d i s t r i bution system i f the over-flow i s situated on the up-stream leg of
the water seal (Fig. 1.) and four times the working pressure i f i t
i s situated on the down-stream leg (Pig. 2.)
1.1.3
There must be a separate drain seal pot for each water
seal drain and over-flow pipe.
1.1.4
During the f i l l i n g of a water seal a continuous flow of
sufficiently clean water should be maintained.
1.1.5
The pipework supplying water to a water seal must be large
enough to provide a sufficient flow of water to f i l l the seal
rapidly. When the seal i s made i . e . when water i s seen to flow
through the over-flow pipe, the continuous water flow may be r e s t r i c t e d , taking into account the quality of water being used.
-3-
larger diameter than the water supply pipe. Its diameter will normally be 4" or 5".
-5-
drain pipe, water seal drain and over-flow pipe. There must not be
more than one condensate pipe draining into each drain seal pot.
2.1.3.
seal gas release pressure must not be less than three times the
maximum working pressure of the gas system. The diamter of the
drain seal pot must be at least ten times that of the dip pipe.
2.1.4.
The gap between the lower end of the dip pipe and the
bottom of the seal pot depend on the frequency of washing out and
the cleanliness of the gas at the point in question. It must be
sufficient to ensure that the accumulated sediment cannot block the
dip pipe.
2.1.6.
-6-
2.1.7
drains of water seals must not be of cast iron as this metal is too
fragile.
They must be placed as close as possible to the main gas line.
Safe and easy means of access must be provided so that they can be
operated quickly and without risk.
Between the gas main and valve in a condensate downcomer a set of
flanges may usefully be fitted to accommodate a blank flange,
especially in the case of pipes more than 3 or 4 inches in diameter.
2.I..
-7-
possible, straight. If, however, the pipe must have a bend in it,
the radius of curvature must be not less than 10 diameters in order
to minimise the amount of water discharged from the U-seal if
excessive pressures develop.
2.2.4. All recommendations given in Section 2.1 "Open drain seal
pots" also apply to airtight drain seals with the exception of
points 2.1.1.1. and 2.1.3
?.3. Drain Seals of Sunken DeBign
2.3.I. Drain seals of sunken design have the advantage of being
less susceptible to freezing. Apart from
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This study, carried out by a group of experts within the Steel Industry Safety and
Health Commission, illustrates the many conditions in which water seals and
drain seal pots in gas production plant in the steel industry (blast furnace and
coke oven gas) may be found, with a view to ensuring maximum safety from the
risks of gassing by or explosions of these gases.
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ISBN 92-825-0625-8