International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)

Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org

Volume 3, Issue 6, November-December 2014

ISSN 2278-6856

EMBEDDED SYSTEM BASED

MONITORING AND CONTROL SYSTEM
OF SUBMERSIBLE PUMP
N.Prakash1 and D.Swathika2
Department of EEE, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore

ABSTRACT
Implementation of submersible pump control based on water
pressure from the outlet of the pump. Pressure level from the
outlet of pump is monitored periodically by timer in arm
processor LPC 2148.Amount of water pumped by the pump
can be measured. Threshold pressure value can be set and
pump can be turned ON and OFF by comparing the current
pressure value with threshold value. Temperature, current are
monitored. Current reading can be monitored and the motor
can be turned off when there is a drastic change in current to
avoid damage to the motor and the amount of current and
voltage consumed by the pump can be measured and
displayed. The overall efficiency can be increased by utilizing
the electricity effectively. This monitoring and control system
can be used for pumping water from well and to supply water
to the agricultural land.

KEYWORDS:- LPC 2148 controller, water pressure

sensor, temperature sensor, water outlet, pressure level,
current transformer.

1. INTRODUCTION
Power consumption in agriculture field per area unit for
any crop depends on several factors namely horse-powerrating of the pump-set, water level of the tube-well or of
the well, capability of the pump, size of the delivery
pipes, condition
of machines which are used for water
extraction, distance between the field to be irrigated and
the place of the water-source , quality of the soil, piece of
ground condition, and also the water resource etc. These
factors may vary significantly across regions. Higher
horse-power pump-sets lift more water from the well than
the lower horse- power pump-sets.[7] The water outlet of
the pump-set is directly used for irrigation, if the water
availableness is a lot, and this is often referred to as Flood
methodology Irrigation (FMI). To improve the efficiency
of the irrigation, now-a-days, the Irrigation Method by
Drip is used. The water consumption by the crops under
DMI is significantly less compared to that of FMI. The
water supply can be controlled easily by pipe-network in
DMI, mainly using ground water, this method is used to
supply water. The method of water usage under DMI is
expected to be different with those of FMI.[6] It is a
known fact that due to rapid energisation of the pump-sets
and the cultivation of water-intensive-crops that is
widespread, since independence the consumption of
electricity by the agricultural sector has increased[7].
Many researchers have reported that due to various
reasons, electricity is not used efficiently in the agriculture

Volume 3, Issue 6, November-December 2014

sector, though the increased consumption of electricity

indicates better growth of the agriculture. The efficient
way of using of electricity in agriculture can be given by
Drip Method of Irrigation. Some preliminary level studies
on DMI have shown that , it is not only useful for
reducing the consumption of water, but also useful in
energy saving. The water-resource is good and capable of
supplying continuously, if DMI is efficient. In the last four
decades, agriculture land India has been witnessing a
decline in gravity-flow-irrigation, and consequently, many
small private tube-wells have been put to use.
Further, enhanced use of groundwater has led to wells
being bored in deeper increasingly , and farmers prefer
pumps with higher-capacity to lift water. This extraction
has not only increased the cost to the farmers and the
utilities, but progressively worsened the water availability
in various regions.[7]

2.DISCHARGE
EFFECT
CONSUMPTION

ON

POWER

The efficiency of the agricultural submersible-pump-set is

in the range of 45% to 55% during its maximum
discharge. This is possible only with very few bore-wells
which have very good water-resources. In many places,
the bore-wells are being operated with poor waterresources and this leads to low water discharge mode of
pumps, this again is the cause for the poor efficiency and
hence, the power loss. By avoiding such low discharge
mode of operation in water pumping, energy could be
conserved. The water discharge of the pump from the
bore-well at the time of starting is more due to stagnant
water. The water discharge from the pump gets reduced
due to the poor water-resource ,as the time passes. The
pumps are operated continuously with less discharge in
such circumstances and the tank or the mud-reservoir is
employed to store the water. After storage, the water is
used to irrigate the field. [7]
Over-exploitation leads to:
i. Increase in pumping-depths, reduction in well/tube-well
yields, and rise in the cost of pumping ground water.
ii. Widespread and acute scarcity of ground water in
summer months for irrigation and drinking purposes.
Farmers have been forced to deepen their wells and install
high-powered pumps.

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International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)

Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org
Volume 3, Issue 6, November-December 2014

ISSN 2278-6856

iii. If the motor is operated at the declared point, less

amount of energy will be sufficient to pump the same
quantity of water.
iv. Reduced discharge of water provides less convection
of heat inside the bore-well which results in poor cooling
of submersible motor.[7]

3.PROPOSED METHOD
Outlet pressure of motor pump is monitored periodically
and if the pressure level reduces from the threshold value,
the motor pump gets OFF automatically and can be turned
ON automatically if pressure level again reaches the
threshold value. The motor can be again turned ON by
using timer in ARM LPC2148.The amount of water of
pump can be calculated. If the current value increases at
very drastic level the motor pump gets off automatically to
avoid damage to motor pump. The temperature and speed
of the motor is monitored continuously.

Figure 3.2. Flowchart for Sensing of Parameters

Figure 3.1. Flowchart for Controller Initialization and

Function

Volume 3, Issue 6, November-December 2014

Figure 3.3. Flowchart for Controller operation

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International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)

Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org
Volume 3, Issue 6, November-December 2014
The different sensors used for monitoring and control the
system are:
1. Pressure sensor
2. Temperature sensor
The pressure-based automatic ON / OFF control of
submersible motor is used to conserve energy in critical
and over-exploited water resource areas. The control of
irrigation has been incorporated in motor starter with
pressure sensor, and temperature valves so as to improve
the utilization of water and power consumption in the
agriculture sector.

ISSN 2278-6856

4.SIMULATION RESULTS
Simulation is done for dc motor.Proteus 8 Professional is
used for simulation. Fig 4.1 shows when the pressure
value reaches minimum the motor gets turned off. Fig 4.2
shows when the pressure level goes high motor starts
running.

Figure 4.1.Pressure level is low

Figure 3.4. Block Diagram

LPC 2148 is used to perform the controlling function.
LPC2148 is the widely used IC from ARM-7 family. 8 to
40 kB of on-chip static RAM and 32 to 512 kB of on-chip
flash program memory.128 bit wide interface which
enables high speed 60 MHz operation. 10-bit A/D
converters provide a total of 6/14 analog inputs which
have conversion times as low as 2.44 us per channel.
Single 10-bit D/A converter provides variable analog
output. Two 32-bit timers and external event counters
(with four capture and four compare channels each),
PWM unit (six outputs) and watchdog timer. Low power
real time clock with independent power and dedicated 32
kHz clock input. On chip integrated oscillator which
operates with an external crystal in range from 1 MHz to
30 MHz and with an external oscillator upto 50 MHz.
Power saving modes which include Idle mode and Powerdown mode.

Volume 3, Issue 6, November-December 2014

Fig 4.2.Pressure level is High

5.CONCLUSION
The control of submersible pump based on pressure from
water outlet from pump used is going to be implemented.
Pressure level from the outlet of pump is
monitored periodically . Temperature,
current are
monitored. The overall efficiency can be increased by
utilizing the electricity effectively. This monitoring and
control system can be used for pumping water from well
and to supply water to the agricultural land.
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International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science (IJETTCS)

Web Site: www.ijettcs.org Email: editor@ijettcs.org
Volume 3, Issue 6, November-December 2014

ISSN 2278-6856

REFERENCES
[1] Thomas R. Brinner, Life Member, IEEE, Robert H.
McCoy, Member, IEEE, and Trevor Kopecky,
"Induction Versus Permanent-Magnet Motors for
Electric Submersible Pump Field and Laboratory
Comparisons" IEEE Transactions On Industry
Applications, Vol. 50, No. 1, January/February 2014.
[2] Xiaodong Liang, Senior Member,IEEE, and Bovina
Ilochonwu," Induction Motor Starting in Practical
Industrial Applications" IEEE Transactions On
Industry
Applications,
Vol.
47,
No.
1,
January/February 2011.
[3] Salas Laghrouche, Fayez Shakil Ahmed, and Adeel
Mehmood, " Pressure and Friction Observer-Based
Backstepping Control for a VGT Pneumatic
Actuator" IEEE Transactions On Control Systems
Technology, Vol. 22, No. 2, March 2014.
[4] Ingar Skyberg Landet, Alexey Pavlov, and Ole
Molten Amado," Modeling and Control of HeaveInduced Pressure Fluctuations in Managed Pressure
Drilling" IEEE Transactions On Control Systems
Technology, Vol. 21, No. 4, July 2013.
[5] Hua Su and Kil To Chong, Member, IEEE,"Induction
Machine Condition Monitoring Using Neural
Network Modeling" IEEE Transactions On Industrial
Electronics, Vol. 54, No. 1, February 2007.
[6] A. Narayanamoorthy,
"MicroIrrigation
And Electricity Consumption Linkages In Indian
Agriculture": A Field Based Study.
[7] "Influence Of Flow Control And Cooling On
Submersible Induction Motor" chapter-4.

AUTHORS
N.Prakash received his BE degree in
Electrical
and
Electronics
Engineering in Government College
of Technology, Coimbatore , ME
degree in Electrical Machines in PSG
college of Technology, Coimbatore.
Currently working as Professor in
Kumaraguru College of Technology,
Coimbatore. He presented four papers in International
Conference and published seven papers in International
Journals.
D.Swathika received BE degree in
Electronics and Communication
Engineering in KGiSL Institute of
Technology, Coimbatore. Pursuing
ME degree in Embedded Systems
Under Department of Electrical and
Electronics
Engineering
in
Kumaraguru
College
of
Technolgy,Coimbatore

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