CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1

INTRODUCTION
The sink is the most frequently used appliance in your kitchen. In fact, 60% of the

time spent in the kitchen is at the sink. Rinsing vegetables, slicing and dicing, draining pasta,
adding water to recipes, rinsing dishes, washing fine crystal, soaking pots and pans, it all
happens at the sink. From food preparation to clean up, your sink is a hard working
companion and a visual focal point; sure to be noticed by all who enter your kitchen.

A sink (also sinker, washbowl, hand basin and wash basin) is a bowl-shaped plumbing
fixture used for washing hands, for dishwashing or other purposes. Sinks generally
have taps (faucets) that supply hot and cold water and may include a spray feature to be used
for faster rinsing. They also include a drain to remove used water; this drain may itself
include a strainer and/or shut-off device and an overflow-prevention device. Sinks may also
have an integrated soap dispenser
Drain boards extend your work area and allow easy clean up as well as food preparation.
Whether you're preparing fresh vegetables, drying a single cup or all the dishes after a family

meal, the drain board will keep the counter top clean and dry and water where it should be in the sink. Integrated drain boards drain water directly into the sink or into a separate
strainer.

1.2

PROBLEM STATEMENT

One of the most important habits people need to adopt to prevent infection is washing your
hands with soap and water or an alcohol-based sanitizing gel to kill the germs that cause so
many illnesses. We can accumulate germs on your hands from a variety of sources such as
when hands are visibly dirty, after using the washroom or changing diapers, after blowing
nose in the hands or sneezing, before and after eating, handling food, drinking or smoking,
after handling garbage or pets, animal or animal waste. Hands with germs possibly spread
disease such as the common cold, influenza, and gastrointestinal disorders

However, not all places providing sink or wash hand basin especially when doing outdoor
activities like camping, fishing or sports. Students in classrooms , guests in the wedding
events, also facing the difficulties to clean and wash their hands. Workers in the warehouse or
at the site also need to clean their hands before meals. Therefore, portable sink meets the
health requirements for hand washing. Portable sink also caters healthcare and food industry
such as caterers and etc. Therefore this project paper is made to propose a free standing
portable sink as a solution for the problems.

1.3

OBJECTIVE OF STUDY
To meet this goal, objectives were identified as follows:
1. To design and produce portable sink
2. To test the effectiveness of the product.

1.4

SCOPE OF STUDY

To achieve the objectives that have been identified, this study focused on the matters
listed below:
i)

Produce portable sink that are much lighter and portable for outdoor activities

ii)

This product can reduce the problems difficulties to access the water source
since it has its own tank.

1.5

IMPORTANCE OF STUDY
In general, with the product will be made to provide higher quality of health care of

the people in terms of flexibility and accessible to the water source. In addition, this product
will save the cost to build the fixed sinks/wash hands.

CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1

INTRODUCTION
This section will discuss about the history of sink, the material used, the features of

the portable sink, its advantages to the community.

2.2

BACKGROUND OF SINK
The washstand was a bathroom sink made in the United States in the late 18th

century. The washstands were small tables on which were placed a pitcher and a deep bowl,
following the English tradition. Sometimes the table had a hole where the large bowl rested,
which led to the making of dry sinks. From about 1820 to 1900 the dry sink evolved by the
addition of a wooden cabinet with a trough built on the top, lined with zinc or lead. This is
where the bowls or buckets for water were kept. Splashboards were sometimes added to the
back wall, as well as shelves and drawers, the more elaborate designs usually placed in the
kitchen.
2.2.1

MATERIALS

Sinks are made of many different materials. These include:

i)

Stainless Steel
Stainless steel is commonly used in kitchens and commercial

applications because it represents a good trade-off between cost, usability,

durability, and ease of cleaning. Most stainless steel sinks are made
by drawing a sheet of stainless steel over a die. Some very deep sinks are
fabricated by welding. Stainless steel sinks will not be damaged by hot or cold
objects and resist damage from impacts. One disadvantage of stainless steel is
that, being made of thin metal, they tend to be noisier than most other sink
materials, although better sinks apply a heavy coating of vibration-damping
material to the underside of the sink.

ii)

Enamel Over Cast Iron

Enamel over cast iron is a popular material for kitchen and bathroom

sinks. Heavy and durable, these sinks can also be manufactured in a very wide
range of shapes and colours. Like stainless steel, they are very resistant to hot
or cold objects, but they can be damaged by sharp impacts and once the glass
surface is breached, the underlying cast iron will often corrode, spilling off
more of the glass. Aggressive cleaning will dull the surface, leading to more
dirt accumulation. Enamel over steel is a similar-appearing but far less rugged
and less cost-effective alternative.

iii)

Ceramic
Solid ceramic sinks have many of the same characteristics as enamel

over cast iron, but without the risk of surface damage leading to corrosion.

iv)

Plastic
5

Plastic sinks come in several basic forms:

a) Inexpensive sinks are simply injection-moulded thermoplastics.
These are often deep, free-standing sinks used in laundry rooms. Subject to
damage by hot or sharp objects, the principal virtue of these sinks is their low
cost.
b) High-end acrylic drop-in (lowered into the countertop) and under
mount (attached from the bottom) sinks are becoming more popular, although
they tend to be easily damaged by hard objects - like scouring a cast
iron frying pan in the sink.
c) Plastic sinks may also be made from the same materials used to
form "solid surface" countertops. These sinks are durable, attractive, and can
often be moulded with an integrated countertop or joined to a separate
countertop in a seamless fashion, leading to no sink-to-countertop joint or a
very smooth sink-to-countertop joint that cannot trap dirt or germs. These
sinks are subject to damage by hot objects but damaged areas can sometimes
be sanded-down to expose undamaged material.

iv)

Glass
A current trend in bathroom design is the handmade glass sink (often

referred to as a vessel sink) which has become fashionable for wealthy

homeowners.

v)

Stone
Stone sinks have been used for ages. Some of the more popular stones

used are: marble, travertine, onyx, granite, and soap stone on high end sinks.

2.3

PORTABLE SINK
6

Much of the portable sink prior art is limited in use to specify tasks, example hand
washing, utensil washing, personal hygiene, pet care, and camping. This project invention
provides an improved portable sink. The invention is distinguishable from ALL the prior art
because it allows the user to draw water from a source other than the self contained fresh
water tank by utilizing an optional external garden hose hook up. This invention is further
distinguishable from app prior art because of its more compact design, lighter weight, and
ease of mobility.

AlthoughtheintendedpurposeoftheMosisinven
tionistopromotegeneralindoorandoutdoorsanitationand
healthprimarilyforeducationalfacilitiessuchas:schools,
sciencelabsanddaycarecenters,theMosisinventioncan

alsobeusedforhandWashing,utensilWashing,personal
hygiene,petcare,carnping.TheMosisinventionsigni?
cantlyexpandsthelimitedusesofthepriorartbyalloWing
foranoptionalexternalWatersource,makingtheMosis
inventionaviablesolutionforthosepersonsdesiringamore

permanent(yetstilleasilyrnobile)indoororoutdoorsink.

TheMosisinventionsexternalWatersource
alloWsittobeusedasastandalonesinkonamore

permanentbasisifnecessary.ThesupplyoffreshWater
throughanoptionalexternalconnectionsuchasagarden

hosegivestheMosisinventiontheabilitytobemobileWhile
alsoalloWingittobesuppliedWithanendlessWatersupply.
NotoneofthepriorartdiscussedorresearchedalloWsthe
portablesinktodraWWaterfromanexternalWatersource.

OnlytheMosisinventionalloWsthislevelofversatility.

CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

3.1

INTRODUCTION