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AS Chemistry Workbook
Topic Organic chemistry
Structure
Alkanes
Alkenes
C=C (double
bonds)
C3H6
Alcohols
C-OH
C4H10O
C4H8O
Aldehydes
Display formula
HC
H
Ketones
C4H8O
R-C-R
Acids
C4H8O2
R - C - OH
Esters
C4H8O2
R - C - OR
C3H9N (three types)
Amines
R-NH2
Structure
IUPAC Name
C3H6
-ene
Alcohols
C4H10O
-ol
Aldehydes
C4H8O
-al
Ketones
-one
C4H8O2
Acids
-oic acid
Esters
C4H8O2
--yl
Amines
-oate
-yl
amine
2. Name the following compounds and write their skeletal formula and structural
formula.
(a)
H
CH3 H
CH3 H
(b)
Br
H
C
H
(c)
H
H
(d)
H
H
Cl
H
H
b. CH3CHBrCH2Br
c. CH2=CHCH2CH3
d. CH3CH=C(CH3)CH3
3-ethyl,2-methylhex-1-ene.
d. 3-chlorobut-1-ene ..
e. 1,1-dichloropropane..
f.
2,2,4-trimethylheptane
g. pent-2-ene
O
C
CH3
CH2
CH
CH3
CH3
H
C 2H 5
N
C 2H 5
a. 2-hydroxyethanamide
c. ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate
d. N-methylbutanamide
f. sodium 2-hydroxyethanoate
7.
Structure of Q
Structure of R
(ii) Explain why the isomer drawn in (i) does not show geometric isomerism.
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10. Name the alkene CH3CH2CH=CH2
........................................................................................................................
(i) Explain why CH3CH2CH=CH2 does not show geometrical isomerism.
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(ii) Draw an isomer of CH3CH2CH=CH2 which does show geometrical
isomerism.
11. Four of the structural isomers of C4H10O are alcohols. One of these isomers is
butan-2-ol.
a. Draw the structural formula E of two other alcohols with molecular formula
C4H10O and name each of these isomers.
Diagrams
Isomer 1
Isomer 2
Name of isomer 1
Name of isomer 2
ii) Nucleophile
.
iii) Free radical
14. Draw all the possible structural isomers of C5H11Br (there are 8 in total). Label the
isomers A H and name them.
a) Identify two molecules which are positional isomers.
c) Identify two molecules which are chiral and draw the two optical isomers of
each. Explain briefly how they could be distinguished.
15. a) Draw the two possible structures of a molecule with molecular formula C4H8O2
and containing a carboxylic acid group. Name both of the isomers.
b)Draw four possible structures of molecules with the same molecular formula
but containing a different functional group. Name the functional group and the
molecules containing it. What is the type of isomerism shown between these
molecules and the molecules drawn in (a)?
16. The alkanes form an homologous series of hydrocarbons. The first four straightchain alkanes are shown below.
methane
CH4
ethane
C2H6
propane
CH3CH2CH3
butane
CH3CH2CH2CH3
Name .................................................................
Name ...................................................................
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(iii)
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