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CHEMISTRY FORM 4
CHAPTER 5 : CHEMICAL BONDS
b) Sodium atom has one valence electron. By releasing this electron, sodium atom forms sodium
ion, Na+ to achieve a stable octet electron arrangement that is 2.8
c) Electron arrangement of chlorine atom is 2.8.7
d) Chlorine atom has seven valence electrons. By receiving 1 electron, chlorine atom forms
chloride ion, Cl- with an octet electron arrangement that is 2.8.8
e) Na+ ions attract Cl- ions with strong electrostatic forces. The bond formed is called ionic bond.
f) Draw the diagram
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PROTON
NUMBER
ELECTRON
ARRANGEMENT
H
O
STEP 2 : WRITE THE EXPLANATION (about the number of valence electron, number electron
needed and the way of sharing electron)
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STEP3 : DRAW THE DIAGRAM
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CONVALENT BOND
Between non-metal and non-metal
(Group 14,15,16 and 17)
Pairs of electrons are shared by the
same or different non-metal atoms.
Neutral molecules
Determine the number of electrons
needed to achieve duplet/octet and
criss-cross
Diagram
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