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e-mail : nepalirachana@gmail.com
web: http://www.onlinesahitya.com/rachana

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k"0ff{ 132

ebf}c;f]h @)&!

/rgf

11

;kgfleq ltdL
of]u]g kf}8]n
lxhf] ;kgfdf ltdL cfof}
/, km]l/ Psk6s To;/L g} d':sfof}
d p8]F cfsfzdf To;/L g}
rf p8] h;/L
7'N7'nf cfFvfn] lgZrntf To;/L g} kf]Vof}
clg, d km}lnPF ;d'df To;/L g}
5fn km}n] h;/L
xf], lxhf] ;kgfdf ltdL d':sfof}
ev{/ sf]lknf kmlqmPsf] lYfof] ;+sf]rsf]
ev{/ nflndf r9]sf] lYfof] nHhfsf]
ev{/ km"n km"ns
] f] lYfof] dgdf k|d
] sf]
uf]wl" n ;fFemsf] a]nf lYfof]
r/fx lrla{/ lrla{/ k|d
] uLt ufFpb}y]
atf; ;':t aUb}Yof] ltd|f] ;'jf; af]s/]
To:t} a]nf ltd|f] cfef kf]lvof]
dL7f] d':sfg ag]/
clg, d km}lnPF klZrd ;u/df To;/L g}
/ftfDo afbnsf 6'qmf km}n] h;/L
lxhf] ;kgfdf ltdL d':sfof}
;fFemdf 5fofFn] ;fy 5f]8o\ f]
t/ ltd|f] ;fyn] ;fy 5f]8g]
xf], ltd|f] Tof] dftn] ;fy 5f]8g]
df]tL 6NsGYof] jf ltdL xfF:Yof}
do"/ lyof] Tof] jf ltdL gfRYof}
To;} To;} nn, To;} d:t d:t d
kfun kfun stfstf, To;} pGd'Qm d
kfun d lanfPF ltdLdf To;/L g}
;fFem cFWof/f]df lanfP h;/L
lxhf] ;kgfdf ltdL d':sfof}
Ao"e
F mbf
sf]lknf / km"nsf ;'jf; lyPgGf\
nflndf / nHhf lyPgGf\
5fn / ;d' lyPgg\
;'g;fg cTof;nfUbf] sf]7fdf
lj/lQmPsf leQfx dfem
Pp6f emLgf] cfjfh em}F u'lGhof],
s] lxhf] ;kgfdf ;':s]/f xfn]sL lYfof} <<
5 pyogen2002@gmail.com
12

/rgf

ebf}c;f]h @)&!

k"0ff{ 132

clj/fd ofqf
lgd{ n f a/fn
slt slRr slt kSsL nfdf] af6f]
slxn] ;'vsf km"n r'Db} slxn] b'Mvsf sfF8f kG5fpFb}
chDa/L OR5f clg rfxgf af]sL
dfof k|d
] sf ;'jf; 5b}{
dL7f] cg'ejsf] ;Fufnf] agL ;bf em}+ Ps Ho]i7 gful/s
clj/fd Pp6f uGTfJodf cl3 al9/x]5
;don] klxofOlbPsf] lge{otfsf] rZdf le/L
;u/dfyfsf] lzv/tkm{ nL 6]ls/x]5
uLidsfnLg t]h /fkdf klg
;xgzLntf clg ;f}Dotfsf] 5ftf cf]9L
zLtn ;f; km]l//x]5
ulx/f tfnkL cfFvfleq
yfxf 5}g s}of}+ j;Gt kf}8L;s]sf 5g\\
rfpl/Psf 5fnfsf nf]tL leq
1fgsf cg'el" txn] slt slt lk\ v]ln;s]sf 5g\\
ToxL 1fgdf dfof k|d
] sf] dfnf pGb}
sf] cfgf] sf] la/fgf] ;anfO{{ Ps ;"qdf a'Gb}
slxn] b'O lsgf/ hf]8g\ ] Goflos k'n alg
clj/fd Pp6f uGTfJodf cl3 a9L/x]5
kL8fnfO{{ r'gf}tL dfGb}
sfnv08nfO{{ Ps csf]{ cj;/ 7fGb}
;Eotf 1fg clg ;+:sf/sf] ;'Gb/ 6f]k le/L
l/; /fu ]ifaf6 b"/, nf]e df]xaf6 6f9f
k|d
] clg ;b\efjsf] af}l4s kydf
;f}Do 5ftf cf]9L, r:df le/L, nL 6]Sb}
Pp6f ofqf to ul//x]5
clj/fd uGtJokydf cl3 al9/x]5
;bf em}+ Ps Ho]i7 gful/s

5
k"0ff{ 132

ebf}c;f]h @)&!

la/f6gu/!^
kmf]g M (*$!^#@(@%

/rgf

13

kljq gf/L
;ljtf s] n cfrfo{
dfG5]sf] cfg} cfj/0f 5
cfg} klxrfg 5
p cfgf] :jfledfg b]vfpg vf]H5
v} s;n] p;sf] efjgf a'lemlbg]
a'em]/ klg a'emkrfpg]x;Fu
ca p s;sf] nflu afFrf];\
vfnL vf]nsf] ku/L cf]9/]
lgEg nfu]sf] aQL h:tf]
aQL d'gL cFWof/f] 5fofF h:tf]
p;sf] efjgf bf}l8/x]sf]
OGb|0] fLsf] /;Fu} efjgfx v]ln/x]sf]
b]V5' hLjg /} /sf] vfgL kf] /x]5
cfxf slt /fd|f] dw'/ d':sfg
To;nfO{{ d JoQm ug}{ ;lQmg
v} s;n] rf]of] p;sf] dg
cfh p s;}sf] v'zLdf 5
hLjgs]f ofqfdf pm lx+l8/x]5
s;}sf] hLjg ofqf;Fu
;Dxfn cfkm"nfO{{
:jR5Gb ;kmf cfsfz d'lg
b]vfOb]p c?nfO{{
kljq gf/Lsf] rl/q
hf]/kf6L &, cQ/v]n, sf7df8f}+

14

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k"0ff{ 132

rf/ x/kmdf b]z

Zofd l/dfn
ltgsf] lhp8fn b]Vbf nfU5, pt} hGd]h:tf
ltgsf] tfn b]Vbf nfU5, pt} x'sh
]{ :tf
st} s]xL b]lvGGf cfg} af]nL / xfpefp
ltgsf] rfn b]Vbf cfofltt j0f{z\s/ ds}h:tf .
sf]xL 7]Ssfsf] s'/f u5{g,\ sf]xL hUufsf] sf/f]af/ u5{g\
sf]xL bnfnL / sld;gd} lbg/ft latfpF5g\\
s;} s;}nfO{{ Dofgkfj/ v'a} kmfk] klg
sf]xL rflxF w'/L r9]/ xfDkmfNg vf]H5g\\ .
s;}nfO{{ rf]/L ug{ 5"6 5
s;}nfO{{ hf]/L vf]Hg 5"6 5
b]z e;{n
] fdf k/f];\ csf{] bz jif{
s;}nfO{{ /fHosf] 9's6' L n'6g\ 5"6 5 .
cf}n
F f 78\ofpF5g\,\ s'd xNnfpF5g\\
sfnf] cg'xf/df lkm+h
F } lkmFh sf9\5g\\
lognfO{{ sfFrsf kbf{df lbgx'F b]Vg'kbf{
;fyL, d]/f ;a} OlGb|o x/fpF5g\\ .
;/sf/ oxL+ aG5 ls cGt} algG5
;+ljwfg oxL+ n]lvG5 ls cGoq} n]lvG5
vDafx ;b{} ;b{} k/ k'lu;Sof] kf] eG5g\\ ;Ldfsf b]zjf;Lx
b]z ca pt} ;fl/G5 ls oxL+ rnfpF5g\\
shyam_rimal@yahoo.com

k"0ff{ 132

ebf}c;f]h @)&!

(*$!@!@%*^

/rgf

15

gf6s

Ot/ a|Xdf08
8f= /fh]Gb| ljdn
cf/De
-lxdfnkfl/sf] Pp6f nueu ^))) ld6/ cUnf]
7fpFsf] xl/of] rp/sf] b[Zo . kb\drfn, of;f{uD' af h:tf
cg]s ljljw/+uL km"n / la?jfsf ;Fu} vf]nf / emgf{x
tyf af}4 u'Dafxsf] dfemdf ufl8Psf] ;'ljwf;DkGg
6]G6df c4{gUg cj:yfdf a;]sL ce"tf gfpFsL wgL o'jtL
dlb/fkfg ub}{ . p;sf] lghL ;lrj ld= /L8 dlb/fsf]
} . rf/} lbzfaf6
k]u agfP/ lbb} u5{ . aflx/ lxdkft x'bF 5
pmF dl0fkbd] x'F / a'4z
+ /0f+ uR5fld sf d+unWjlg cfpF5g\\ ._
ce"tf -of}gf]Qh
] s d'bf| df_ ;]S; ==== ;]S; ===== ;]S; ==== pkm d]/f /f}+
/f}a+ f6 km'6g\ ] oL s:tf Hjfnfd'vL x'g\ < a; cfuf] / nfjf ===== nfjf / cfuf] ======
/L8
xfdf]g{ Dofd, xfdf]g{ . xfdf]g{ dof], ;]S;sf] clh\u/ ==== :of
===-unf /]l6g] :jf+u kf5{ ._ === vnf;
ce"tf t/, d of] clh\u/nfO{{ dleq cd/ agfpg rfxG5' . ======
/L8 t/, k|sl[ tn] =======
ce"tf k|sl[ t d]/f] sdf/f] xf] /L8 . === -/L8 clns Jo+Uo / clns lj:don]
pmlt/ x]5{ ._
ce"tf ;+;f/sf] ;aeGbf dxfg\ j}1flgs /flsG; d]/fnflu Snf]lg ub}5
{ .
Pp6f o'jsaf6 xhf/f}+ o'js, Pp6L o'jtLaf6 xhf/f}+ o'jtL ====== dnfO{{ rflxPsf
a]nf d pgsf o'jf c+u 5 sf6]/ d]/f] hL0f{ c+udf :yfgfkGg ug]5
{ ' . ==== d
lr/o'jtL ====== cIfo of}jgf ==== -d':s'/fF5] _
/L8 / cgGt sfn;Dd of}g/;ef]Uof
-ce"tf cledfgdf xfF:5] ._
ce"tf cfh a|Xdf08 d]/f] d'7Lleq 5 . /fhgLlt, wd{, hLjg, d[To', dfof,
3[0ff === of] 1fg === of] lj1fg d}n] lj:tf/ ub}{ nu]sf] d]/f] ahf/sf pks/0fx
x'g\ .
/L8 Dofdsf] ;fd|fHo k[YjLdf dfq 5}g, ca t cGtl/If / u|xpku|xdf
km}ln+b} 5 .
ce"tf d oL u|xpku|xnfO{{ d]/f] ljdfg agfP/ d cfkm" ltgsf] kfOn6 aGg
rfxG5' . === o:;f] xft 3'dfof], csf]{ u|xdf :jfOFo k'Uof] .
/L8 d ;f]R5', otfaf6 xh'/sf] u|xljdfg :jfOFo cfof] / ptfaf6 xh'/sf]
8\of8Lsf] u|xljdfg :jfOFo cfof] / b'ad
} f 9\ofSs 7Ss/ nfUof] eg] d t aLrdf
w"nf]lk7f] =====
16

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k"0ff{ 132

ce"tf-l/;fP/_ r"k cnlR5g\ ===== To;df c6f];]So'l/6L l8efO; klg

t x'G5 .
/L8 ;/L Dofd ==== d ;f]R5' ======
ce"tf s] ;f]R5;\ <
/L8 ;f]R5', ;a} u|xpku|x ha xh'/sf cwgL e}hfg] 5g\,\ gofF ;f}on
{ f]ssf]
vf]hL ;kmn x'g] 5}g ===== cfgf] ;fd|fHo km}nfpg] 7fpF gkfP/ DofdnfO{{ s:tf]
nfUnf <
ce"tf -emls{P/_ r"k nfu\ df]/f w]/} g;f]r\ === d hlQ eG5', Toltdfq ;f]r\
======
/L8 t ==== / ====
ce"tf s] t/ < w]/} Okm / a6 df nfUg]x hLjgdf slxNo} pFef]
nfUb}gg\ .
/L8 To;f] eP d] w]/} g;f]Rg] ePF .
ce"tf s's/' n] ;f]Rt}g, dflnssf] x'sd
' tfd]n u5{ . tF s's/' xf];\ .
/L8 o; Dofd, cnl;l;og .
ce"tf clxn] slt dfq ;f]r\ eg] of] l;\uf] lxdfnL e]s xfdLn] s;/L xft
kfg{ ;S5f}+ < cfO jfG6 lb; lxdfnog l/hg ==== afO O6, P6 PgL s:6
/L8 -sNkgfdf x/fpF5_ blIf0flt/ /x]sf] of] ;f]Dbf]s u'Daf ==== pQ/lt/sf]
kx/fsf] dfemdf /x]sf] rf/af u'Daf ==== To;sf] csf]k{ l /x]sf] uf]Daf]5] u'Daf
/ ;]Dbf] u'Daf ===== aLrsf] of] oflGh/]sf] :ju{nf]s ===== oxfF dg{ kfP klg ========
ce"tf -/L8sf] d'vdf xTs]nfn] xDsb}_+ xf];df cf === xf];df ==== o;nfO{{
xft kfg]{ bfp u/\ .
/L8 -eml:sP/_ rf/}lt/sf u'Dafsf k|wfg oflGh/ u'Dafsf nfdf x'g\ .
pxfFl;t s'/f 6\ofSs ldNof] eg] ==== -eml:sP/_ P pxfF cfpg] a]nf ef]
ce"tf xf], a'4 wd{nfO{{ xltof/ agfP/ x'G5 ls lxdfnsf] uLt ufP/ ===
d]/f] cwgL kf/\ .
/L8 -Jo+Uon]_ xf] Dofd, hLjgdf b'Mv 5, b'Mvsf sf/0f 5g\,\ b'Mvsf] lg/f]w
5, lg/f]wsf pkfo 5g\\ .
ce"tf xf], lg/f]w, cyf{t\ sG8d ==== dfg] 9fn -b'a} xfF:5g\\ _
/L8 -km]l/ Jo+Uon]_ a'4n] M eg]sf 5g\\ ;Dos\ b[li6, ;Dos\ ;+sNk, ;Dos\
cfhLj, ;Dos\ Jofofd ==== ;Dos\ :d[lt ======
ce"tf -aLrd} s'/f] sf6]/_ ;Dos\ ;+ef]u -b'a} km]l/ xfF:5g\_\
/L8 nfdfxsf k|wfg kv]/{ a;]sf xf]nfg\, d lnP/ cfpF5' .
-aflx/ lgl:sG5 ._ ce"tf dlb/f kfqx n'sfpFl5g\\ . Ps l5g\kl5 Pp6f
o'js nfdf / /L8sf] k|jz
] .
ce"tf -p7]/ nfdf cufl8 em'St} O;f/fn] cf;g u|x0f ug{ cg'/f]w ub{5] /
nfdf tyf /L8 a:5g\\ ._
ce"tf eGt] d}n] xh'/nfO{{ b'Mv lbPF . d d]/f] hLjg a'4nfO{{ clk{t ug{ rfxG5' .
nfdf sNof0fd:t'
k"0ff{ 132

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17

ce"tf o; lxdfnL e]sdf /x]sf ;a} u'Dafxsf] dd{t ;Def/sf nflu

d xh'/nfO{{ ;ft s/f]8 ?lkofF 6qmfpF5' . =-nfdf cfzLifdf xft p7fpF5 ._
/L8 xfdL oxfF ltAatL nfdfxnfO{{ NofP/ af}4 ljZjljBfno vf]N5f}+ ===
h8La"6Lxsf] cg';Gwfg, k|zf]wg / cf}iflwgLdf{0f ug]{ k|of]uzfnf tyf
cg';Gwfgzfnfx vf]Ng] 5f},+ hn ;Dkbfsf] k|of]un] lah[n
' L pTkfbg u/]/ ;+;f/sf
u/La a:tLx;Dd k'ofpF5f}+ ======
nfdf clg Sof uf5{ cf? <
ce"tf ef/t / ltAat rLgnfO{{ hf]8g\ ] /]ndfu{ agfpF5f}+ ===== cGt/f{li6o
ljdf:yn agfpF5f}+ .
nfdf -bfp a'em]h:tf] u/L Jo+Uodf d'G6f] xNnfpF5 _ xf] a'em]+ ======
efGbfv]l/ of] zflGt e"ldnfO{{ klg cfzfGt kfg]{ bfp /],5 <
ce"tf xf]Og, wgL agfpF5f},+ wgL .
nfdf of] tfkf:of ufg]{ 7fpF xf], of:tf] gfuf/ . -Psl5g\ b'MvL eP/ ;f]R5 ._
nfdf x]/f, of] xfd|f] dftf xf] ===== dft[el" d efG5f ==== Tof] xf] . xfdL u/La
eP/ af:5f},+ t/ cfdfnfO{{ a]Rt}gf}+ =============
ce"tf a]Rg] xf]Og ===== ljsf; ug]{ ===== a'4sf] ;Gb]z km}nfpg] .
nfdf a'5 ==== ;fKk} a'5 ======
ce"tf xfdL tkfO{n
+ fO{{ dfq b; s/f]8 lbG5f}+ ====== k'Ub}g < ======
nfdf x]/f, dfnfO{{ yf 5 . ltdL ;+;f/sf] ;Kk} eGbf wfgL /}5f} . tf/f,
wfgfn] dfqf ;'vL x'bF g} ======= b'Mvfsf sf/0ff hfGdf xf] ===== hfGdfsf] sf/0ff efjf
xf] ==== efjfsf] sf/0ff pkfbfgf xf] === pkfbfgfsf] sf/0ff t[i0ff xf] ===== -dfnf
l56f] l56f] 3'dfpF5 ._ ===== xfd|f] hLjfgfdf t[i0ffsf] of] lapnf gfxfnf ====
lgjf{0ffsf] af6f] /f]hf ==== b'Mvsf] cfGTof x'g5
] f.
ce"tf -clns ;fx|f] :j/df_ x]/ nfdf, ltdLnfO{{ d]/f] tfutsf] e]p 5}g
Sof/] . ===== d}n] cfFvf o:;f] lemldSs kfgf{;fy h'g ;'s} d'ns
' sf] ;/sf/ uNof{Dd
9N5, o:;f] k/]nf p3f/]+ eg] p7\5 .
nfdf yf 5 . ;+;f/sf] h'g ;'s} ufl/a b]zfnfO{{ ltDn] u'nfd afgfpgf
;fS5f, tf/f of] a'4fsf] b]zf xf] ===== g]kfnLn] cfdf a]Rt}gf ======
ce"tf cf ==== df ==== /] < -Jo+Uon]_ of] cfdf xf]Og, df6f] / 9'u\ f xf] . nfdf
ef]s 7"nf] ls of] df6f] / 9'u\ f < df6f] / 9'u\ fn] ef]s d]l6G5 / < df6f] a]r/] klg
ef]s zfGt kfg'{ k|fs[lts ljjztf xf] .
nfdf ltd|L cfdfsf] hLpdf kflg df6f] / kfgL x'G5f ==== a]R5f <
ce"tf P ef]6,] ufnL gu/ .
nfdf ufnL uof 5}gf ==== l;sf sf] ===== ;/sf/ l;tf s'/f ufg'{ .
ce"tf ltd|f] ;/sf/ / g]tfx lals;s]sf 5g\\ .
nfdf of; b]zsf s]xL g]tf / ;f/sf/sf s]xL d'G5] a]Odfg x'gf ;fS5f,
tf/f g]kfn cfdfsf ;fGtfg hlt a]Odfg 5}gf . xfdL of] b]z a]Rgf lbb}g =====
df/]/f klg of] Kof/f] b]z afrfpF5 === -h'?Ss p7]/ hfG5 . g]kYodf a'4+ z/0f+
uR5fld sf] d+unWjlg ._
18

/rgf

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k"0ff{ 132

ce"tf -uO/x]sf] nfdfnfO{_{ ltdL dfl/G5f} nfdf ==== -d'G6f] kmsf{P/ s/fpFb}
af]N5 nfdf_
nfdf a]Rt}gf ===== a]Rt}gf ===a? df5f{, cfdfnfO{{ a]Rt}gf =====
-cGwsf/_
dWo !
-d~rdf OGb|0] fL /+udf k|sfz km}lnPsf] 5 ._
Pp6f 7"nf] ;fOgaf]8{ em'lG8Psf] 5 dfof ahf/ . s]xL k|sf]i7x ag]sf
5g\\ / ltgsf 9f]sfdf klg ;fOgaf]8x{ em'lG8Psf 5g\\ k'?if j]Zofno, :qL
j]Zofno, kltkTgL cfbfgk|bfg v]n, gSsnL hgg]lGb|o qmo:yn, gSsnL
cfdfafa' qmoljqmo :yn, bfh'efO, lbbLa}gL laqmLdf, ef8fdf ;fyL, gSsnL
c\uk|Tof/f]k0f SnLlgs, ;Qf;f}bfafhL ahf/, k~r]lGb|o;'v ;fwg :6n,
;/f]u6] db/ cg l8:sfpG6 cflb . g]kYoaf6 kfZj{ uLt / g[Tosf] Wjlg cfpFb}
5 . ljb]zL h:tf b]lvg] o'js / o'jtLsf] k|jz
] . d~rdf uLtg[To rNb}5 ._
uLt
o'js ! :j/ M 5d5dL 5d5dL 5d5dL
/x:okl5 5 /x:okbf{,
hlt v'N5g\,\ Tolt a9\5g\\
Kofhsf kq}kq;l/ 5g\\
;[li6, ;[li6df hLjg
slt ;Ddf]xs /rgf lyof] of]
rGb|;"o,{ tf/sbn
emgf{, emLn / kj{tdfnf
vf]nfxsf] snsn
;'Gb/ ;[li6df gfRYof}+ xfdL
====== /dL/dL
5d5dL 5d5dL 5d5dL
o'jtL :j/ M z's, lks, 8fFkm], lra]r/L
dh'/f, b'D;L, d[u 5f}gf
k/dlktf xfd|} dfofn]
/Rof] cgGt v]nf}gf
km"nkm"n rxfb}{ p8\g]
k'tnLxsf] d]nf
km"n, r/fdf /+uof]hgf
s;n] uof] xf]nf <
To; snfsf/sf] sNkgfnf]sdf
rlst aGb5f}+ ===== 3'dL3'dL
ldl>t :j/ M of] k|sl[ t g} cflbzlQm xf],
k"0ff{ 132

ebf}c;f]h @)&!

/rgf

19

;[li6sf] ;'Gb/ d"n

of] cfdf xf], ;Dk"Hof xf],
lal;{O{ uof} e"n
dftfnfO{{ t 9f]Ug' kb{Yof]
ug'{ lyof] cf/fwg
anfTsf/kl5 anfTsf/ u/L
aGof}+ zfksf] efhg
ltd|f] s?0ffn] kfof}+ k|e'
of] ;'Gb/ ;+;f/
t/, :jfy{jz agfOlbof}+
o;nfO{{ If'b| ahf/
zt\zt\ jGbg x] dft[e"ld
5d5dL 5d5dL 5d5dL
-Pp6f k|sf]i7af6 csf]{ o'js @ km'Q lgl:sP/ ufpF5 _
dfofk|Llt ahf/ oxfF 5
laSt} 5 lj1fg
df]If, 1fg t laS5g\\ laS5g\,\
laSt}5 eujfg
cfpgf];\ / nf}, lngf];\ xh'/
;:tf]df ;a dfn
hf] rflxG5, ;a kfOG5
k};fsf] 5 sdfn
gfRgf];\ ufpgf];\ r'dLr'dL
em'dLem'dL, e'mdLem'dL, em'dL em'dL
5d5dL 5d5dL 5d5dL
-;a} j[Qfsf/ gfR5g\\ ._
d~rdf cw{ljlIfKt sljsf] EjfOlng ;lxt k|jz
] ._
slj -kfun em}+ lrRofpFb_} ce"tf ==== ce"tf ===== d]/L k|l] dsf ===== of]
s:tf] ;+;f/ /Rof} ltdLn] -y'S5_ y" == y" == y" ==== -jfNn k/]/ ;a}n] Ps csf{nfO{{
x]5g{ \ -gfRg]x :tAw x'G5g\\ ._
o'js ! ltdL sf] xf} <<
slj-rlst x'bF _} d sf] x'F < sf] x'F d <
o'jtL -eml:sP/_ kf === un -o'jsl;t s]xL ;fptL u5]{ ._
slj xf], ;To af]Ng]x kfun g} x'G5g\\ .
o'js ! ltdL s] u5f}{ <
20

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slj uLt /R5', O{ === -EjfOlng b]vfpFb} _ ==== of] EjfOlng ahfpF5' . ===
clxn] ltdLx gfr]sf d]/} uLtdf ======
o'jtL @ ltdLn] ce"tfnfO{{ b]vs
] f 5f} <
slj Tof] kfun s]6L < ===== d]/L k|l] dsf xf] .
o'js ! ce"tf kfun xf] . xf === xf====== xf===== xf=== -;a} xfF:5g\\ _
slj cfkm" klg kfun / To;n] /r]sf] ;+;f/, kfunxsf] ;+;f/
b'j} o'js / o'jtL -Ps;fy_ xf] / <
slj ;+;f/el/ oL kfun ck/fwLxsf] ;+hfn 5 ==== ljsf;sf] gfpFdf
cfgf] ahf/sf] hfn km}nfpF5g\\ / ltgdf ;+;f/ df5fem}+ 56k6fO /xG5, d'Qm x'g
;ls/x]sf] 5}g .
tLg}hgf -Ps} k6s_ cfDd} ===== of] 1fg, lj1fg, 6]Sgf]nf]hLsf] ljsf;
em"6f] xf] <
-slj kfun em}+ cxf; ul//xG5 . j}zfvL 6]St} sljsf lktf ;kl;+xsf] k|jz
] ._
;kl;+x a]6f, of] ljsf; unt xf]Og, logsf] k|of]u ug]s
{ f] gLot
a]OdfgLk"0f{ xf] .
slj af ==== s] of] ;+;f/ ahf/ afx]s s]xL xf]Og < ==== xh'/sf] dfof
klg dfn, d}n] u/]sf] xh'/sf] k"hf klg dfn ===== -efj's aG5 ._
o'js !, @ / o'jtL af gd:t]
o'jtL tkfO{s
+ f] 5f]/f]n] /r]sf uLtnfO{{ ;fx|} dL7f] dfgL ;+;f/n] ufpF5,
To;df gfR5, t/ ltgnfO{{ a'b}g .
o'js !, @ xf], pxLNo}bl] v sljxn] ufpFb} cfPsf s'g} uLt ;+;f/n] a'g ;Sof] <
o'jtL 6fOd kf; . uLt eg]sf] 6fOdkf; dfq t xf] lg
o'js !, @ t} klg Psb'O{ sljtf ;'gf},+ a'lemG5 ls . -kfFrh
} gf kn}6+ L df/]/
a:5g\\ ._
slj -n]uf| ] tfg]/_
jgdf xf]Og, dgdf nfUof],
89]nf] of] s:tf] <
lhGbuL g} w"jfFw"jfF
eO{ p8] h:tf]
o'js -v'zL x'bF _} a'em]=+ === a'em]+ ===of] t Uof;l6s eof] xh'/, slj Ho" . -o'js
@ / o'jtLn] xf]df d'G6f] xNnfpF5g\\ ._
slj -?Fb_} df5f h:t} t8\lkP/
56\k6fPF /ftel/
plk|mG5' d cf]5o\ fgdf
jgdf 3fOt] d[u ;l/
o'js !, @, o'jtL cfdddd, of] t x6{c6]ssf] l;Dk6d xf] ==== sljnfO{{
t c:ktfn k'ofpg' k5{
slj -lanf}gf ub}_{ /ft laTof] sg]/
laxfgL t cfpm
k"0ff{ 132

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21

ljGtL d]/f] Ps} l5g\

d'xf/ b]vfpm
lktfafx]s tLg}hgf -gfs v'DRofpFb_} x'pmFpmF, uf]6f kof], uf]6f . qmf]lgs
sG;6Lk];g .
slj-emls{P/_
s;/L lal;{of} ltDn]
dfofsf tL lbg <
dnfO{{ cem} dfof nfU5
ltd|f] lsg, lsg <
o'js ! / @ lal;{g] /f]u cNhfOd/
slj -efjfj]zdf_ xlNnof] of] lhGbuL
;+;f/ g} xlNnof]
o'js @ / o'jtL -nfna'emSs8 h:tf]_ of] t el6{uf] xf] .
slj -efj's d'bf| df_ tktk tk tk
l;dl;d] kfgL
kfgL klg cfuf] h:t}
s:tf] lhGbufgL
o'js @ -plk|mP/ p7\5_ afkm /], of] t lk;fksf] af6f]df ;+qmd0fsf] nIf0f
xf] ==== sljHo", lk;fk ;fx|} kf]N5 < o"= 6L= cfO= r]s ug'{ k5{ xh'/sf]
slj-pk]Iffk"js
{ x]b{} / emls{b+ _}
ce"tf ltd|} ;+emgfdf
sljtf d n]V5'
t:jL/df ltd|f] ;w},+
eujfg d b]V5' .
o'js ! / o'jtL -h'?Ss p7\t_} t:jL/ l76Lsf] xf] / oNn] To;df b]V5
eujfg -;tgf/fo0f_ nf}, sljnfO{{ df]ltofljGb' klg /]5
o'js @ xfdLnfO{{ ;k} yf 5, xfdL ce"tf c:ktfnsf 8fS6/ xf}+ . =====
clxn] t ;Kk} sljtf a'lemof] ufF7] .
slj-a"9f] afa'l;t_ af, hfcf},+ oL kfunxn] slxn] sljtf a'em]sf 5g\\
\ g\,\
/ clxn] a'nfg\ < -a"9f] afa'nfO{{ ;xf/f lbP/ p7fpF5 . a"9f vf]R+ ofpFb} lx+85
slj s'd ;dfT5 . o'js !, @ / o'jtL 6\jfNn k/L slj / slj lktfnfO{{
x]l//xG5g\\ .
-cGwsf/_
dWo @
-pxL lxdfnkfl/sf] ^))) ld6/ cUnf] 7fpFsf] xl/of] rp/, ce"tfsf] 6]G6
aflx/ ce"tf a]rg} Ldf 3'Db} / kl5kl5 /S;Lsf] af]tn lunf; lnP/ k5\ofpFb} ld=
/L8;Fu s'/f ub}{ ._
22

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ce"tf d a|Xdf08sL ;aeGbf wgL o'jtL ;+;f/n] d]/f] hLt dfq} b]Vt5,
d]/f k/fhosf syf s] yfxf <
/L8 Dofd, l/;fgL dfkm xf];\ . dnfO{{ nfU5, xh'/leq pln{g] ;'gfdL /
p7\g] ;d'bL| t"kmfgx ;f]rn] ubf{ xf] .
ce"tf /L8, d hlthlt czflGtsf] 9f]sf y'G5', pln{g] Hjf/ / x'gx'gfpg]
t"kmfgxn] Tolt g} eLif0f kdf cf3ftkl5 cf3ft u5{g\ / dnfO{{ czfGt
t'NofpF5g\\ .
/L8 Dofd, of] s'g 7"nf] s'/f] xf] ===== o; :ofgf] s'/fnfO{{ v]nfP/ /ft
/ftel/ a]rg} x'g' ====
ce"tf /L8, tF klg =======
/L8 xf] Dofd, of] PSsfO{;f}+ ztfAbL xf], ca k'/fgf oL /utsf ;fOgfx
efj's gftfx cy{xLg =======
ce"tf tF g} eg\ ==== s] efj'stfaf6 d'Qm x'g ;lsG5 < d]/f xh'/afsf]
jLo{df z'qmf0f' lyPg, Pp6f ck|mLsLsf] jLo{n] xh'/ cfdfsf] uef{wfg eof] /
8\of8L hlGdg' eof] ===== km]l/ pxfFsf] jLo{df klg z'qmf0f' lyPg ====== km]l/ To;}
ck|mLsLsf] jLo{n] cfdfnfO{{ uef{wfg u/fpg' s] plrt lyof] <
/L8 s] ef] / < xh'/ cfdf / cfdf lbbLa}gL t xf]Ogg\ .
ce"tf tF d]/f] kL8f cg'ej ug{ ;St};\ /L8 === lan :ofN;a/L d]/f lktf
x'g\ ls bfh' <
/L8 hGdbftf gePklg wgbftf x'g\ . 8\of8L eGb}df s] hfG5 <
ce"tf d]/f lktf lkmgNofG8sf cfdf g]b/Nof08L ===== pgsf] uef{zodf
jLo{ ck|mLsfsf] ===== afh]a/fh'x s'lGg sxfFsxfFsf < dnfO{{ d}l;t l3g nfU5 .
-/L8sf] xftaf6 /S;L vf];/] cfwL hlt 7f8f] 3fF6L nfP/ 3636L lkpF5] ._
/L8 Dofd, ;'Tg hfcf}+ .
ce"tf -xlNn+b_} d]/f] /utdf l;Fuf] ;+;f/sf ls/f ;NanfpFb} 5g\\ === d
gfnL ==== kmf]xf]/L 9n =====
/L8 9n xf]Og, ed/f tfGg] sdn
ce"tf s'g} ed/f d]/f] kof}jg jf u'0fdf nlP/ e'ge'g ub}g{ =====;Kk}
wg jf of] sfFrf] df;'sf] rf]S6fn] tflgP/ cfpF5g\\ =====
/L8 xf]Og, t/ Tof] EjfOlngjfbs slj o'js t ======
ce"tf tFnfO{{ yf 5}g /L8 ===== ld:6/ /L8 === ;'g,\ Tof] vft] sljsf] syf
======
/L8 sf] xf] Tof] vft] slj < -d':s'/fP/_ sljx t vft] g} x'G5g\\ lg
ce"tf t/ Tof] vft]df klg dxfvft] .
/L8 Tof]l;t xh'/[ sf] sxfF e]6 eof] <
ce"tf Tof]l;t ==== < ==== xfdL Tolt v]/ a]nfO{tsf] Go" Sof;ndf a:Yof}+ .
===== ToxfF klg xfd|f] af?bvfgf, aGb's / xftxltof/ sf/vfgf, sf/ ofS6L, 7"nf]
k"0ff{ 132

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23

c:ktfn, j}1flgs k|of]uzfnf, df;' / ;Lkm"8 Kofls h:tf sf/f]af/sf ;+hfn

5g\\ . ====== ToxL+ ;]S; ofS6L klg 5 .
/L8 ;]S; ofS6L /] <
ce"tf xf], ToxfF aL; lsnf]ld6/ ;Dd km}lnPsf] 5 ==== ljzfn, uugr'DaL
cflnsfxsf] >[v
+ nf ==== o:tf >[v
+ nfx ;+;f/el/sf ;d'bL| lsgf/fx /
Lkxdf 5g\\ .
/L8 oL ;]S; sf/vfgf x'g\ <
ce"tf xf] . ===== logdf ;+;f/sf slnnf / lrlrnf ;'Gb/LxnfO{{ kflnG5
ltgsf] Snf]lg\ ul/G5, ===== / d]/f tyfslyt lktf ltgdf dgk/]sL s]6Ll;t ======
rfx] hltsf lbg/ft, rfx] h:tf 7fpFdf ===== latfpF5g\\ .
/L8 cxf xh'/x t k|Llt, of}jg / ;f}Gbo{sf k'hf/L kf] .
ce"tf -xfF;/] _ xf], ltgdWo] d]/f lktfn] /flt/flt ef]u nufpg]=====k"hf ug]{
Pp6L eujtL ==== t?0fL g]kfnL klg /lx5 .
/L8 P, oflGh/]s} t xf]Og <
ce"tf xf]Og, :ofhf eGg] 7fpFsL c/] la5 /fd|L ======
/L8 cxf ==== g]kfnL kl/sf/sf] :jfb} a]Un} .
ce"tf t/ d]/f lktf To; :jfbaf6 c3fpg'eof] / sf/ ofS6Ldf sfd ug]{
dhb"/ g]tfl;t p;sf] ljjfx ul/lbg'eof], k|r/' wg lbP/ .
/L8 of] EjfOlngjfbs slj To;}sf] 5f]/f] xf] <
ce"tf xf] . ===== -xfF;/] _ Tof] g]tfn] eGYof], ;fx]an] cfgf] h8fp/L dnfO{{
lbg'eof] .
/L8 p;n] lbld dfg]g <
ce"tf s]sf] lbld < c?n] lh:sfpFy,] P df]/f], t]/L :jf:gL;Fu t dflns
kf] ;'T5 . p;n] 3dG8 u/]/ eGYof], wt\ d"v,{ dflns s} :jf:gLl;t cr]n d
;'Tg] u5'{ .
-b'a} xfF:5g\\ ._
/L8 clxn] sxfF 5 t pm <
ce"tf clxn] < === ;'g g, p;sf] gfpF ;k l;+x xf] . ===== d]/f] 3/df
p;sf] cfjthfjt lyof] . ==== p;sf] h:tf] xfsf hLp b]v/] cfdfsf] ofn
r'lxP5 .
/L8 -pT;'stfn]_ clg s] eof] <
ce"tf To;kl5 ==== pxL ==== cft'/ Tjrfldng .
/L8 Tjrfb08sf] Tjrfu'kmfleq lgMz'Ns, lgaf{w cfjfudg
ce"tf z'Ns t cfdfn] ltg'x{ G' Yof] . ====== Tjrf3if{0fsf] ;'v lbg] lbg
;k l;+xsf] 3/df wg jiff{ x'GYof] .
/L8 t} klg cfdfn] aRrf kfpg' ePg <
ce"tf cxF ====== cfdf afl;t 8/fP/ s08d k|of]u ug'x{ G' Yof] c/] ====
To;}n] t kl5 ck|mLsL jLo{ lsGg' kof] .
24

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/L8 Oyf]lkof h:tf] u/La d'ns

' df uef{zo lsGg' hlt ;lhnf] 5, jLo{
lsGg klg Tolts} .
ce"tf ha ;+;f/sf] k|To]s j:t' ls8gL, d'6,' lbdfu oxfF;Dd ls eujfg
/ :ju{sf] klg vl/bljqmL x'G5 eg] of] rf/ cDdnsf] uef{zosf] s] s'/f <
/L8 rf/ cDdnsf] Tjrfu'kmf .
-ce"tf gfsd'v a\ofpFb,} b'a} xftsf b'O{ b'Oj{ 6f cf}n
+ fn] uef{zo h:tf]
agfpF5] / d/Ld/L xfF:5] ._
/L8 To;f] eP, DofdsL d'dfn] cfgf] rf/ cDdnsf] Tjrfu'kmf ;k
l;+xnfO{{ b|Jo;lxt 6qm\fOalS;of] <
ce"tf xf], t/ Tof] OlG8og df]/f]nfO{{ 8\of8n] /fd|/L tx nfP .
/L8 s;/L < s] ug'{ eof] <
ce"tf s]xL xf]Og, dfq lt3|f ofSs b'O{ 6'qmf ug{ nufP/ ckf\u
agfOlbP .
/L8 -Jo+Uon]_ b'O{ 6'qmf dfq} < s;/L <
ce"tf 7"N7"nf l:6nl;6\; sf6\g] d;Lg rnfO{/x]sf] a]nf Ps hgf p;}sf]
;xof]uL ;fyLaf6 wSsf lbg nufP, lt3|f sf7sf] d'9f] h:t} b'O{ ofs =====
/utsf] t vf]N;f] g} aUof] .
/L8 -Jo+Uon] xfF:t}_ vft]sf] /utsf] s] df]n < 8\of8n] kfn]sf] s's/' sf] v'f]
sfl6Psf] eP kf] ==== h;sf] afa'sf] v'f] 5kSs sfl6of], p;n] xh'/nfO{{ s;/L
dfof ug{ ;s]sf] <
ce"tf d}n] dfof nfu]/ p;nfO{{ w]/} cfly{s ;xof]u u/]sL lyPF, Tof] vft]
sljn] ne k/]sf] 7fGof]
/L8 Toltn] xf] <
ce"tf xf]Og, b'O{ rf/ k6s t To;sf] 5fnf / df;' lgrf]/s
] } x'F
/L8 clg Tjrf3if{0fsf] dHhf lg < -ce"tf lkm:; xfF:5] ._
ce"tf 5\of, To;sf] hLpdf u/LaLsf] kl;gf ugfpF5 .
/L8 clxn] Tof] slj sxfF 5 <
ce"tf c:6]l nofsf] Pp6f 7"nf] h+un xfdLn] lnhdf lnPsf 5f},+ ltdLnfO{{
yfxf 5 . ToxL+ ckf\u afa' / af}nfxL cfdf;Fu a:5 .
/L8 cfdf af}nfO{{ <
ce"tf of] b'Mv ;xg g;s]/ af}nfO{{ .
/L8 ljr/fnfO{{ 7"n} kL/ k/]5, t}klg xh'/nfO{{ o:tf] ljg dfof u5{ .
ljr/f] -r'sr'sfpF5 ._
ce"tf pm d]/f] ljof]udf uLt /R5, EjfOlng ahfp5, c/lkmo;sf] d'/nL
h:t} hfb" 5 p;sf] EjfOlngsf] w'gdf
/L8 kf ====== un
-df]afOnsf] 3G6L aH5 ._
ce"tf xnf] o; s] /] < snsf/vfgf, ljdfg:yn, /]ndfu{ ;lxt l;Fuf]
6fA] ofG8Lk g} /;ftndf uof] < -;fx|} rf]6 k/]sf] b]lvG5] ._ ===== hL;; ==== s]
k"0ff{ 132

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25

/] vf8Lsf t]nvfgLxdf cfuf] nfUof] < ===== s;/L < ===== s] < -e'OF df yrSs
a:5] / SjfFSjfF ?g yfN5] ._
-c+wsf/_
dWo #
-ci6]l nofsf] h+un . ce"tfsf sf/f]af/ c:ktfn, k|of]uzfnf, sf/vfgf
cflbsf] lj/f6 ;+hfn . d+rsf] ;';lHht k|sf]i7df ce"tf jN8{sf rLkm PSh]So'l6e
clkm;/ 8f= l8;'hf / slj EjfOlng lnP/ a;]sf . ;fOgaf]8{ em'lG8Psf] 5
ce"tf /x:onf]s, c:6]l nof ._
l8;'hf slj, ltdL o; /x:onf]ssf] jgdf a;]/ PSn} EjfOlng ahfO/xG5f},
o;n] xfd|f] zflGt e\u x'G5 .
slj -Jo+Uok"js
{ _ zflGt t ltdLxn] ;+;f/sf] e\u uof} . ===== ltd|f]
9's9\ s
' Ldf Pp6f ;FuLt lyof], ltd|f] Zjf;k|Zjf;df, /Qmk|jfxdf, Ct'rqmdf,
;[li6df JofKt r]tgfdf ==== Pp6f no, Pp6f ;FuLt lyof] . h'glbg ltdLn] cfgf]
d"n k|sl[ tnfO{{ la;]/{ jfXo k|sl[ tl;t jnfTsf/ uof}, ;[li6sf] zflGt / ;FuLtsf]
xTof eof] =======
l8;'hf d}n] ltdLnfO{{ k|jrg lbg xf]Og, gl;xt lbg af]nfPsf] .
slj gl;xt t k|sl[ tn] ltdLnfO{{ lg/Gt/ lbO/x]sf] 5, ltdLn] 6]/] kf]
l8;'hf cf}sft x]/ cfgf]
slj cfgf] cf}sft ;flat ug{ vf]Hg] slnnf afnvxn] klg k}t+ fnfsf d'gf
h:tf b; cf}n
+ fdf 6]s/] afa'cfdfnfO{{ eG5g\,\ x]gf];
{ ,\ d xh'/xeGbf cUnf] ePF .
l8;'hf ;ft lbgleq ltdLx xfd|f] /x:onf]s g]/sf] h+undf /x]sf]
em'k8L 5f8L aflx/ hfcf},+ xf]Og eg] xfdL em'k8Ldf cfuf] nufOlbG5f}+ .
slj d]/f] ck/fw
l8;'hf ltd|f] EjfOlngsf] w'g ;'Gbf sd{rf/Lx nlG5g\,\ dhb"/x
b'36{ gfdf k5{g,\ ltd|f uLtx xfd|f] lj/f]wdf 5g\,\ sfdbf/ e8\lsG5g\\ .
slj ;k{sf] d'vdf k/]sf] Eofu'tf]n] klg km6\of\uf| nfO{{ b]vk] l5 o;/L g}
;f]R5 ==== -p7]/ hfG5 . ld= 8+sgsf] k|jz
] ._
8+sg xnf] ld= l8;'hf
l8;'hf xnf] 8+sg s] 5 va/ .
8+sg g6 e]/L u'8 . =====o;kfln xfd|f xftxltof/ w]/} las]gg\ ;/ .
l8;'hf xfd|f g]tfxn] o'4 / hftLo b+ufx u/fpg g;Sg' nfhdbf]{ s'/f] xf] .
8+sg k|of]uzfnf / c:ktfndf k|of]u / pkrf/sf] qmddf d/]sf hgfj/
/ e|0" fxsf] df;'sf] ljqmLn] of] ce"tf cDkfo/ v8f ePsf] lyof] ===== To;sf]
ljqmL klg 36\of] .
l8;'hf ;+;f/sf uf]bfdxdf /x]sf ePe/sf vfBfGg lsg]/ ;Kk} ;d'bd
| f
kmfNg nufpm, vlgh / k|fs[lts ;Dkbf ePsf b]zxsf] 9f8 efFr =======
8+sg b'lgofFe/ xfd|f] gSsnL gf]6sf] laulauL 5, ;/ .
26

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l8;'hf e]/L u'8 . o'jfxnfO{{ 8u / j]Zofj[lQdf cem 8'afpm =====

cft\s km}nfpm ======= s08d klg a]r / P8\; klg km}nfpm ========== -kmf]gsf]
3G6L aH5 ._
l8;'hf xnf] ld= /flsG; ===== s] /] /f]af]6df dfgjLo ;+jb] gf / :jtGq
lrGtg ljsl;t ug]{ k|jl[ w ;kmn eof] < s\uf| r'n;
] g ===== cF ====== cF =====
;'lgPg ======= lan :ofN;a/Lsf] xTof ef] < >LdtL klg -xftaf6 l/l;e/ EofQ
tn em5{ . l8;'hf b]a]| 5ftL ;dfTb} YofRr a:5g\\ / af]Ng ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ ._
8+sg d] cfO gf] ;/ ========
l8;'hf aaf{b ====== xfdL aaf{b eof}+ . ==== ljrf/ / efjgfn] o'Qm x'gf;fy
/f]af]6xn] b'an
} fO{{ ;Ful7t kdf 3]/] / \ofs]/ df/] ======
8+sg ca s] x'g] xf] xfd|f] eljio
l8;'hf of] zf]s;Gb]z xfdLn] ce"tf DofdnfO{{ t'?Gt k7fpg' k5{ . -kmf]g
8fon ub}_{ ===== xnf] ===== xnf] ==== ce"tf Dofd ===== xh'/ ====== xh'/ 6'x/' L =====
-?G5 g]kYodf EjfOlngsf] zf]s w'g====== _
-cGwsf/_
cj;fg
-lxdfnkfl/sf] pxL xl/of] rp/ k|yd b[Zosf] d+rdf sljsL cfdf dflxnLsf]
af}nfxf kdf k|jz
] ._
cfdf /fhf klg gf\u} cfpF5 ====== levf/L klg gf\u} cfpF5 ====== /fhf
klg gf\u} hfG5 ==== levf/L klg gf\u} hfG5 ===== km/s s] 5 < ====== lsg 5
km/s < ======
-sljsf] k|jz
] _
slj -s/fpFb_} cfdf ===== cf ====== df -;kl;+xsf] vf]RofpFb} k|jz
] _
;k df ====== lx ======= nL
cfdf dflxnL eg]/ s;}n] gaf]nfPsf] h'gL eO;Sof] ====== ltdLn] dnfO{{
dflxnL eg]/ af]nfO{f} ======= d sxfFsxfF e6lsPF ====== dg]{ a]nfdf x]lnsK6/af6
d]/f] dfOt g]kfn k'ofof} ====== 7Ls uof} ====== ltd|f] ho xf];\ ====== ce"tf ======
slj -ljsn eP/_ ce"tf ===== ce"tf ====
-af}4 e]ifdf ce"tfsf] k|jz
] _
ce"tf d cfPF slj ltd|} af6f]df cfPF, ltdL;Fu lx+8g\ ltdL lhTof}, d xf/]+ .
slj w]/} l9nf] uof}, ce"tf ltd|f] ddL / 8\of8L /xg'ePg ==== d b'MvL 5' .
-ce"tf ?G5] ._
slj g /f]pm . ====== ltdLn] ;f]rs
] L lyof},+ cs't ;Dkbf cfh]/{ ckf/ zflGt
/ cgGt cfgGb k|fKt ug]{ 5\of}, t/ ltd|f] ofqf pN6f] eof] .
-ce"tf sljsf] sfFwdf lz/ 6]s/] emg\ cflQP/ ?G5] ._
;k g /f]pm, gfgL ===== cfh;Dd o;} ;DkbfnfO{{ y'kfg]{ xf]8afhLdf,
cg]s kfv08 / bfpk]r
+ /rL, xTof / o'4 x'bF } cfPsf 5g\\ .
k"0ff{ 132

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27

slj eujfgn] ;'Gb/ ;[li6 / ;'Gb/ hLjg lbPsf lyP, xfdLn] ;[li6nfO{{
v'Nnf ahf/df ab\Nof}+ / hLjgnfO{{ o;} ahf/af6 a9LeGbf a9L dfn y'kfg]{
c+wk|lt:k4f{df l/TofOlbof}+ .
ce"tf dnfO{{ dfkm u/ slj . ltd|f] of] sfFwdf Ps l5g\ lz/ la;fP/ h'g
cfgGb / zflGt d}n] k|fKt u/]+ Tof] v/af}+ 8n/sf] ;DklQn] hLjg e/df dnfO{{ lbg
;s]g . ===== slj, d ltdLl;t ljjfx ug{ rfxG5' . ====== laGtL ====== dnfO{{ lg/fz
gu/ .
dflxnL-5f]/fl;t_ oL af}nfxfaf}nfxLxsf s'/f gkTofpm 5f]/f . =====
logLxn] hLpFb} hnfpg ;S5g\\ .
;k -cfZro{n_] ljjfx < / oxfF <
ce"tf xf] af, d}n] ;f/f tof/L ul/;s]sL 5' . ===== oL levf/L 5f]/LnfO{{
eLv lbg'x[ f];\ ===== dnfO{{ 6'x/' L gagfpgf];\ . ======== nf}, hfcf}+ .
-;a} p7\5g\\ . d+rdf Psl5g\ cGwsf/ x'G5 / km]l/ pHofnf] ePkl5,
k5fl8sf] kbf{ p7]/ ToxfF a'4sf] d"lt{sf] cufl8 ce"tf c:ktfnsf 8fS6/x,
o'js !, o'js @ / o'jtL, oflGh/] u'Dafsf k|dv
' nfdf / ld= /L8 nfdf e]ifdf rd/
xlDs/x]sf b]lvG5g\\ ._
nfdf a]xn
' f / a]xn
' L cfcf] -slj / ce"tf a'4 d"lt{ cufl8 pleG5g\\ .
nfdfn] ltAatL efiffdf dGq e6\ofpFb} l;+b/" sf] af sljnfO{{ lbG5 / sljn]
ce"tfsf l;pFbf]df Ps lrD6L l;Gb"/ lnP/ tLg k6s nufOlbG5 . ;a}n] km"nsf]
jiff{ u5{g\ . d'Vo nfdf PsPsj6f u|Gy lnP/ b'as
} f] 6fpsf]dfly /fvL km]l/ dGq
e6\ofpF5g\\ . c?x klg bf]xf]ofpF5g\\ . ce"tf / slj Ps csf{sf] cFufnf]df
afFlwG5g\\ .
g]kYodf ;gO{ afhf ah]sf] Wjlg ;'lgG5 . d~rsf] Ps 5]pb]lv csf]{ 5]pdf
nfdfxsf] Pp6f x"n nsf]{ nfu]/ a'4+ z/0f+ uR5fld ;+3+ z/0f+ uR5fld, wDdd\
z/0f+ uR5fld pRrf/0f ub}{ hfG5 . ce"tf / slj ;flns em}+ Pscsf{sf]
cFufnf]df afFlwPsf b]lvG5g\\ .
nfdf -ce"tf / sljsf] 6fpsf]df cfzLjf{bsf xft /fVt}_ hLjgfdf
zflGt / k|d
] xf];\ . === dfofsf] Ps} l5g\ kflg o'4f / t[i0ffsf] pGdfb\df latfPsf]
;x;|;x;| hLjfg efGbf 7"nf] x'G5f kfufn ==== w]/} 7"nf] x'G5f ======== .
b]jLyfg, hgsk'/
kmf]g M (*)$*&((*&

28

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syf

PgL 8]
/fhj
lnl6n6g :6f]/sf] laxfgsf] l;6df x'G5' d . pm
:6f]/sf] ;fFemsf] l;6 x]5{ . xfdL kfn} kfnf] l;6
km]l//xG5f}F . slxn] pm laxfg :6f]/ vf]N5 slxn] d /flt
aGb u5{' . laxfgsf] l;6df sfd ug{n
] ] :6f]/ ;ft ah]
vf]Ng'k5{ . ;fFemsf] l;6 x]gn
]{ ] /flt P3f/ ah] aGb
ug{k' 5{ . laxfgsf] l;6sf]n] ck/fXg tLg ah];Dd /
]{ ] /flt P3f/ ah];Dd sfd ug{k' 5{ .
;fFemsf] l;6 x]gn
xfdL b'O{ afx]s :6f]/df sfd ug{] csf{] sf]xL 5}g . dflns
k6]nn] xfdL b'j}sf] lhDdfdf :6f]/ 9'Ss 5f]8]sf] 5 .
p;sf c? rf/ :6f]/ / UofF; :6]zg 5g\\ . ltg}sf] /]vb]vsf] s'bfOdf p Jo:t
/xG5 . a]nfa]nf p lx;fa / df}Hbft hfFrsf] nflu cfpF5 . afFsL sfdsf] nflu
p xfdL;Fu kmf]gd} kmtls{G5 .
ljz]iftM x/]s laxfg cf]5o\ fgaf6} k6]n cfgf ;a :6f]/ / UofF; :6]zgxdf
wdfwd kmf]g nufO/x]sf] x'G5 . / ;a;Fu l86f] Pp6} s'/f] ul//x]sf] x'G5 . h:tf]
pm d;Fu klg ;f]45, l88 o' cf]kg b :6f]/ <
o;, cfO Pddlk+u b nf]/ .
To; a]nf d :6f]/ a9fl/;s]/ 8G8] kf]t/] f]n] e'OF k'l5/x]sf] x'G5' . s'g} laxfg
d :6f]/ ev{/ a9fg{ yfn]sf] x'G5' . /, To} hjfkm lbG5' . clg pm :ofjf;Lsf] :j/
lgsfNb} cx|fpF5 u'8, of6/ lSnlg lkmn ck b s'n/ k|kn{L{ cf]s] <
cf]s]
d]s l;of]/ Ple|ly\; cf]s] <
cf]s]
u'8, Okm o' u6 PgL k|fA] n]d lue ld ah cf]s] <
cf]s]
P08 d]s of]/;]Nkm lahL cf]s] <
cf]s]
o; kl5 k6]n afFsL c? lt/ kmf]g ug{ yfN5 .
/ftL :6f]/ aGb ug{] a]nfdf klg k6]nsf] tfn o} x'G5 . pm o:t} kmf]g u5{ .
/, ;a;Fu l86f] To} s'/f] u5{, ;f]W5 . h:tf]
cf/ o' Snf]lh <
o;
l88 o' lk|G6 b ;]N; l/kf]6{ <
o;
k"0ff{ 132

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29

cf]s] 6]n ld xfp dr Sof; P08 qm]l86 sf8{ 8' o' Xofj <
===========
cf]s] 8k cn b Sof; Og b ;]km, P08 kmfOn b l/kf]6{ P08 qm]l86 sf8{
Og EjfO;]; Og k|k/ kmfOn cf]s] <
cf]s]
o; b]lv afx]s klg k6]n lbgsf] bzf}F k6s crfgs crfgs kmf]g u/]/
;anfO{{ lbSs kf5{ . ;a;Fu Pp6} k|Zg ;f]45 . h:tf]
xfp Oh b lahg]; <
u'8
s:6d/ cf/ sld <
o;
xfp d]gL s:6d/ s]d cn/]8L <
==========
u'8, lsk of]/;]Nkm lahL cf]s] <
cf]s]
kmf]g s6 x'gf;fy ;asf] d'vaf6 lg:sG5 r'Q8
pm gf} jif{bl] v of] :6f]/df sfd ub{5
} . d]/f] cf7f}F jif{ rNb}5 . cd]l/sf
cfPsf] s]xL jif{ d /]:6'/+ G] 6sf] 8]SrL d:sfpg] sfddf lyPF . Tof] b'Mvaf6 p;}n]
dnfO{{ otf :6f]/sf] sfddf tfg]sf] xf] . To;sf/0f pm k|lt d s[t1 x'g jfWo 5' .
nueu tLg xKtf cufl8 p;n] dnfO{{ eg]sf] lyof],
t}n
+ ] dnfO{{ x]Nk ug{k' 5{ x}
x'G5, s:tf] x]Nk xf] <
dnfO{{ g]kfn hfg'kg{] cj:yf 5
P
af l;ls:t 5g\\ /]] cl:t bfh'sf] kmf]g cfPsf] lyof] .
P pd]/ slt eof] afsf] <
;Q/Lsf k'u]
w]/} t x}g .
x}g, t/ /f]uL eP/ c:ktfn egf{ uof 5 /]
P
/f]u s] /]5 <
Vj}, l;ls:t 5g\ t' cfOh eG5 bfh' To;sf/0f d s'g} klg a]nf g]kfn
hfg ;S5' .
d ;+jl] bt eG5'
x'G5
To;sf/0f ToltGh]nnfO{{ :6f]/ cf]klg|\ Snf]lh\ t}n
+ ] g} ug{k' 5{, d}n] r'Q8nfO{{
elg;s]sf] 5', To;n] b'j} l;6 t}n
F ] x]l/lbG5;\ eg]+ x'G5 eg]sf] 5 .
x]l/xfN5' lg
b'O' { tLg xKt} a:g] u/L hfg'k5{ .
30

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wGbf gdfg\ hf, hlQ a:g' k/] klg a;\ d x]5'{ .

To;f] eP r'Q8n] ;f]Wof] eg] cf]s] eg x} t
d leq ;+jb] gf cem a9L rNb} lyof] . d]/f klg af 5g\\ /, dnfO{{ klg o:tf]
cj:yf cfOkg{ ;S5 . To;sf/0f d}n] eg]+
elgxfN5' lg wGbf gdfg\ .
af]:6gaf6 ;Q/L lsnf]ld6/ 6f9f /x]sf] ;fgf] zfGt zx/ xf] lnl6n6g .
af]:6gaf6 oxfF cfpg /]n / a; b'js
} f] ;'ljwf 5 . sf/ x'g] x'OlF sP/ ;jf
3G6fdf cfOk'U5 lnl6n6g . xfdL b'j} lnl6n6gd} a:5f}F . p /;]n l:66df
a:5 . d Tof] eGbf bz ldg]6 k/ ;d/ l:66df a:5' . x/]s lbg xfd|f] e]6 l;6
r]Ghsf] a]nfdf x'G5 . o} a]nf kGw|aL; ldg]6 xfd|f] enfs';f/L x'G5 . To;kl5
d lg:sG5' . pm sfd yfN5 .
To; lbg d ckf6{dG] 6 k'uk] l5 klg p;n] kmf]g u/]sf] lyof] .
r'Q8n] kmf]g unf{ cf]s] eGg' lg
elgxfn]+ lg wGbf gdfg\ tF hfg] tof/L u/\ .
ef]lnkN6 klg p;n] dnfO{{ ;'gfPsf] lyof]
PgL 8] cfO d] nfO{{
cf]s] .
To; kl5sf lbg klg p;n] dnfO{{ o:t} ;'gfO /Xof] . /, d}n] p;nfO{{ elgg}
/x]+
gf] k|fA] n]d, cfO Pd x]/, 8G6 cf]/L, uf]
d}n] pm g]kfn u} xfNnf eG7fg]sf] lyPF . t/, pm sfddf cfO/x]sf] lyof] .
To;sf/0f d p;nfO{{ ;f]lw/xGy]+
slxn] hfg] e}of] t <
p x]b5
}{ ' eGYof] / dnfO{{ p l6s6 x]b}{ xf]nf eGg] nfUYof] . To;sf/0f cfh
d}n] p;nfO{{ km]l/ ;f]w,+]
l6s6 lnO;\ t <
5}g .
lsg <
va/ s'b5
}{ ' .
s:tf] va/ <
af lat]sf] a"9f cem c:ktfnd} ljr]t 5g\\ afFRg] ;Defjgf 5}g,
s'gk} lg a]nf dg{ ;S5g\\ d/]sf] va/ cfpgf ;fy d p8\5' . 5f]/f] ePkl5 lqmof
ug{ t hfg} kof] d}n] r'Q8nfO{{ klg o} eg]sf] 5' . To;sf/0f lsk Og dfOG8
PgL 8] cfO d] nfO{
d v'?Ss aflx/ lg:s]F . pm d]/f] cf]s] ;'Gg] k|tLIffdf lyof] .
rajavpudasaini@gmail.com

k"0ff{ 132

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31

Ps k|To'Q/ M cfbz{ / oyfy{

cfTdf/fd v/] n
lk|o ldq lhNnfk|;fbHo" ,
clwsf+z avt l/Q} x'g] d]/f] kf]i6aS;df cfh Pp6f
lr7L /x]5 . vf]n/] x]5{' x:tfIf/ tkfO{s
+ f] /x]5 . :jb]zLkgf
/ df}lnstfsf af/]df lgs} /fd|f lh1f;fx p7fpg' ePsf]
/x]5 . ;fob x'g ;S5 o;sf] sf/0f cl3Nnf] ;ftf
jfg]Zj/sf] skmL zkdf ePsf] ljrf/ljdz{ . tkfO{s
+ f]
egfO{ lyof] cd]l/sf t vQd 5 lg ljZje/ sf]sfsf]nfsf]
;fd|fHo km}nfO{/x]5 . kmf6]sf] hLg kfOG6 nufO/x]5 .
;f+:s[lts df}lnstf klg wldnf] agfO/x]5 .
ldq d t sf]sfsf]nfdf v's/' L b]V5' . v's/' Ldf sf]sfsf]nf klg . Pp6fn]
emf]n Jofkf/ ul//x]5 . csf]n
{ ] j}bl] zs /f]huf/L ul//x]Yof] . Tof] klg ljZj
o'4sfnLg pTs[i6 / dxf] /f]huf/L . o'Pgcf]sf] :yfkgfcl3 t ljZj ahf/df
clxn]sf] sf]sfsf]nfsf] eGbf klg v's/' Lsf] rds emg} km}lnPsf] lyof] . htftt}
o'4sf] ahf/ lyof] . oqtq v's/' L gfr]sf] lyof] . Tolta]nf gkm}lnPsf] t a'4sf]
;Gb]z dfq xf] . cd]l/sf eGg' d]/f nflu lgs} 6f9fsf] d'ns
' xf] . glhs eGg' t
sDKo'6/ xf] h;df g]6nfO{g hf]l8Psf] 5 . d]/f nflu g]kfn g} ljZj xf] hxfF
htftt} kfNkfnL s?jfdfq b]V5' . ToxL+sf 9fsf 6f]kLn] l;+xb/af/, zLtnlgjf;
/ afn'jf6f/;d]t 9fs]sf] 5 . p;}sf] k|lt:kwL{ xf] efbufpFn] 6f]kL . cf]em]ndf
kof] efg'eQm] las]6{ f]kL . ToxL las]6{ f]kLdf 6kdfq /flvlbPsf] eP Sof bfdL
x'GYof] 6kjfnf Xof6 em}+ . clg To;sf] g]kfnL gfd x'GYof] efg'eQ]m Xof6 . olb
To;sf] :t/ / d"No klg cfsif{s x'GYof] eg] ljb]zL Xof6n] g]kfnL ahf/df Tolt
;fx|f] 7fpF g} kfpFbg} Yof] .
ldq df}lnstf / :jb]zLkgfsf] rrf{ rNbf lxKkL ;+:s[ltdf cl3 a9L/x]sf]
cfgf r]nfrk]6fnfO{{ kl/ro u/fpg ;Sg' x'G5 < ;f8L nfpg ufx|f] dfGg] / cf
9fSbf udL{ dx;'; ug]{ r]nLa]6LnfO{{ lgDTofpg ;Sg' x'G5 < tkfO{n
+ ] lhls/ ug'{
cfbz{ xf] t/ o;n] xfdLnfO{{ w]/} k5fl8 kfl/;s]sf] 5 . cem k5fl8 kfb}5
{ .
x]gf];
{ \ t d~rsf dfOswf/L, ;+:s[lt / df}lnstfsf lj1x hf] 3/sf u'Gb|L uf]7df
yGSofpF5g\\ / ljb]zL sfk]6{ nfO{{ 3/a}7sdf leofpF5g\\ . clg cTofw'lgs a|fG8sf
sfk]6{ k|d
] LnfO{{ ;+:s[ltljb\sf] pkgfdn] hf]85
\ g\\ .
ut ;fns} s'/f] t xf] lg tkfO{s
+ f] /fxbfgLdf ls|lZrog le;f nfu]sf],
ls|lZrog ljdfgdf r9\bf tkfO{s
F+ f xftdf ls|lZrog /s} k]o kbfy{ ePsf] /
vfgfsf clwsf+z kl/sf/ klg lqmZrog v]ts} pAhgL ePsf] . ljb]zsf ;efxnleq
l5/]kl5 dfq 9fsf 6f]kL nufpg] dxfg'efjnfO{{ d}n] af6}df lrg]y,+] tL g]kfnL g}
x'g\ eg]/ . zfob ltgn] Po/kf]6s
{ f] 6\ofS;k|mL zkdf r:df klg km]/5
] g\\ .
32

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k"0ff{ 132

To;}af6 ljb]zL lalsgL lrofP5g\\ / cfgL >LdtLnfO{{ ;d]t lal;{P5g\\ . :jb]zL

ljdfg:yndf kmsL{ cfpFbf g]kfnL cfj/0fsf] r:df nufpFb} cGt/f{li6o ;+:s[lt
/ df}lnstf ljifos uf]i7Ldf ;xefuL eP/ kms]s
{ f] cGtjf{tf{ klg lbP5g\\ .
3/ / ;8sdf b]lvg] kl/jlt{t ;+:s[lt Psbd} kfRo x'g] t/ ;ef:yn, sfut
/ sIffdf df}lnstf bzf{Og' g} l;4fGt / Jojxf/df d]n gvfPsf lj/f]wfef;k"0f{
kIf x'g\ . g]kfnL /fli6o kf]zfssf] s'/f] ;Lldt x'G5 k'?ifn] nfpg] bf}/f;'?jfn
/ 6f]kLdf dfq . rf}aGbL rf]nf], agf/;L ;f8L / vf:6f]sf] k|;u+ sxfF x/fP < lsg
x/fP < dlxnf /fli6o kf]zfs arfp cleofg lsg rn]gg\ < k'?ifnfO{{ em}+
dlxnfnfO{{ klg /fli6o kf]zfssf] vfFrf] lsg ePg < k'?if / dlxnfsf] /fli6o
kf]zfsdf ;f+:s[ltsn}Ls ;dfgtf lsg ePg < oyfy{df df}lnstf eGg' t
+ fO{{
sfutdf n]Vgdfq ;'xfO/x]5 h;n] df}lnstfjfbL ;+/If0fljb\sf kdf tkfO{n
cGt/f{li6o g]s6fO;]6sf] pkxf/ cfOg} /x]5 .
d h:tf dxfgu/jf;Ln] t ufO{sf] d"lt{df g} ufO{ ltxf/ dgfpg'kg]{ lbg
glhlsFb} uPsf] 5 . Tof] klg kGw|aL; jif{sf nflu dfq To;kl5 t ufO{sf] k"hf
kmf]6f]d} ug'k{ g]{ afWotf x'g5
] . dfgjLo ;+:s[ltsf] cefj x'bF } hfFbf dfgjnfO{{
dfgj;fyLsf] cefj x'bF } uPsf] 5 . To;}n] t dfgj;fyL eGg' t k|ltlbg s's/'
kf] x'bF } uPsf] 5 . o;sf cfg} kl/l:ylt, sf/0f / afWotf 5g\\ . t}klg Pp6f
;Gtf]ifsf] s'/f] 5 ltxf/df eg] lgs} kl5;Dd klg s's/' sf] b'Mv x'bF g} . t/, cfg}
k]6 kfNg;d]t wf}wf} kg]{ o'udf eg] s's/' dlxdfsf k[i7df ;d]t wld/f nfUb}
hfg] x'G5g\\ . oL s'g} gf}nf s'/f x}gg\ . dfq xfd|f cfly{s;fdflhs ljsf;s|dn]
l;sfPsf kf7 x'g\ . ljutn] b]vfPsf P]ltxfl;s P]gf x'g\ .
kmnfdsf] tfKs]df ksfPsf], lhDd' emfg]sf], 3f]6s
] f] / clnstf o"xfn]sf]
Tof] df;sf] bfn lkQnsf] s;f}8+ Ldf kfs]sf] eft, kmnfdsf] s/fO{df kfs]sf]
t/sf/L, l;nf}6fdf lyryfr kf/]sf] g'gv';f{gL, To;af6 ag]sf] crf/ / tsf{/L
tyf 7]sLsf] bxLdf]xLdf slQ df}lns :jfb lyof] . ca ldS:r/z]s/df ag]sf]
n:;LnfO{{ g} 7]sLdf kf/]sf] df]xL dfg]/ lkpg' kg]{ cj:yf 5 . ha g]kfnL
vfglkgsf] Tof] df}lns :jfb ;DemG5' tj slNkG5' / ;f]R5' sxfF uP tL tfKs],
s/fO{ / s;f}8+ L < e]G8/ d]lzgn] vfOlbof] Tof] l;nf}6f] klg . v} g]kfnL df6fdf
g]kfnL uGw < v} df}lnstf / k/Dk/f < g]kfnL vfglkgsf] :jfbnfO{{ bfp/fsf]
cfuf]n] ljsl;t u/]Yof] . l;nf}6f]d} x'g] g'g d;nfsf] lyryfrn] tsf{/L / crf/
klg g]kfnL :jfbsf] x'Yof] . t/ oL ;a} df}lnstfnfO{{ lg/Gt/tf lbg eg] k|ltlbg
c;xh x'bF } uPsf] 5 . Kofs]6sf] tof/L d;nf xfNg 5f]8/] l;nf}6f]df d;nf
lk:g cl3 ;g]{ kfv'/fx tkfO{s
F+ f cf;kf;df slt g} kf] xf]nfg\ / < To;dfly
Jo:t b}lgsLdf Eofpg] kfv'/fx klg slt hf]/ kf] xf]nfg\ / bfp/fsf] w'jfFaf6
;d]t pT;h{g x'g] ANofs sfa{g t hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] uDeL/ sf/s g} ePsf]
5 . /, oxL w'jfF ag]sf] 5 dlxnf, afnaflnsf tyf Ho]i7 gful/sxsf] :jf:Yo
lau|gs
' f] sf/s klg .
csf{lt/ u'Gb|L / ;'sn
' sf] t s'/} 5f8f}+ g]kfnL sfk]6{ klg lgof{thGo j:t'df
dfq ;Lldt x'bF } uPsf] 5 . tkfO{h
F+ :tf lj1n] rfx]h:tf] df}lnstf / :jb]zLkgf
k"0ff{ 132

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33

t ;f+:s[lts ;+ux| fnodf yf]kl/Fb} uPsf] 5 . cfhsf] b]zk]d

| ljZj k|d
] df ljsl;t
x'bF } uPsf] 5 . ljZj km];gsf] cufl8 /fli6o km];g v'lDrFb} uPsf] 5 . ;]n /
/f]6LnfO{{ s]s / kfOn] dfy u/]sf] 5 . To;}n] t ;]n/f]6Lsf] tof/Ldf ef8fjfn
s's Nofpg] k|rng a9\b} uPsf] 5 . t/ s]s / cfO;ls|d agfpg eg] s'ls a"s,
} f 3/df af; kfpg yfn]sf] 5 . o;}df OHht
l8lh6n cf]eg / lk|mhn] w]/s
ab\lnFbf] 5 . ylkFbf] klg 5 .
ldq df}lnstf s]df 5 < bf}/f;'?jfn / 6f]kLdf 5 ls 6fO{;'6 /
uuN;df < df6fsf] r'Nxf]df ls Uof; :6f]edf < r/];sf] yfndf ls l:6nsf] v08]
yfndf < vfglkgsf] df}lns z}nL sfF6frDrfdf 5 ls rkl:6sdf of t
kfFrfcf}n
+ ] xftdf 5 < ;FuLt;+:s[lt tjnf, dfbn / xf/df]lgoddf 5 ls lutf/,
lkofgf] / l;Dkmf]gLdf < eftsf] ;+:s[lt s;f}8+ Ldf 5 ls /fO; s's/ of k|;
] /
s's/' df < dfbs ;]jg;+:s[lt /lS;, hfF8, / 5\ofdf 5 ls lao/, lXj:sL, jf
jfOgdf < ljjfx ;+:s[lt 8f]nLdf 5 ls lrNnf] sf/df < g]kfnL ;jf/L ;+:s[lt
3f]8f / /ydf 5 ls a'n6] k'k| m s's/df 5 < g]kfnL u[x ;+:s[lt lem+u6Lsf] 5fgf]
ePsf] df6fsf] 3/df 5 ls s+ls|6 ljlN8df 5 < zAbdf ;Lldt lnlkxn] g
;+:s[lt hf]luG5 g t df}lnstf g} . kl/jlt{t ljsf;sf] s|d eGg' t clgolGqt
oyfy{ x'g\ . afFsL /x]sf ;+:s[lt klg ;+ux| fnodf ylGsgs} lglDt nfO{g nfUb}5g\\ .
/, gofFgofF ;+:s[lt xfd|f ;fd' cfpg tF5f8d5f8 ub}5
{ g\\ .
d em}+ tkfO{+ klg g]kfnL g} x'gx' G' 5 . k'?if /fli6o kf]zfs gePsf] klg xf]Og t/
6fO{ / ;'6 tkfO{n
+ fO{{ g;'xfPsf] klg x}g . o;nfO{{ d}n] g/fd|f] 7fg]sf] klg 5}g .
rf8kj{sf avt sf7df8f}s
+ f uNnLuNnL / ;8sx ;a} 9fsfs} vf:6f]n] 9flsG5g\\ .
df6fsf efF8f eg]kl5 cfFvf cufl8 emnemNtL gfR5g\\ eQmk'/] s'dfn]sf slt /fd|f
l;k . k"js
{ f ;fdfg klZrd;Dd / klZrdsf ;fdfg k"j;
{ Dd k'U5g\\ . 5fgf, gfgf
/ dfgfsf] pHofnf] vf]Hb} uPsf] uf]vf{nL ;]gf cGttM ;"o{ gc:tfpg] b]zd} k'Uof] .
ljZj o'4 ;dfKt eof] . t/, clxn] klg vf8Lnufotsf d'ns
' df >d ;fd|fHo
km}ln/x]5 . o;}af6 d'ns
' sf] cy{tGq wflgO/x]sf] 5 . d a:g] 3/5]pdf s]xL
dlxgfcl3 Pp6f lrof k;n v'Nof], /fd|l} ;t rNof] . tLg dlxgf gx'bF } csf]{ lrof
k;n v'Nof] . ToxfF ljb]zL h;L{ ufO{sf b"w klg las|L x'G5g\\ . To:t} ufO{ csf]n
{ ] lnP/
cfof] ljb]zaf6 . ;fd|fHo t xfdL cfkm}n] kf] km}nfO{/x]5f}+ . d cfkm}n] em'G8\ofO/x]5'
3fF6Ldf Pp6f 6fO{ . slxn]sfxLF bfDnf] em}+ nfu] klg o;n] ;'6nfO{{ lgs} Dofr u5{
/ of] klx/gdf g]kfnL 9fsf 6f]kL klg lrl6Ss b]lvG5 . aL; jif{ kl5 k'gM g]kfn
cfPsf d]/f ljb]zL ldq klg 5Ss k5{g\ / v'zL x'bF } eG5g\\ slt /fd|f] / cfsif{s
klx/g . g]kfnLxsf] ldl>t ;+:s[lt . ;dosfn cg';f/sf] ab\lnFbf] ;+:s[lt .
afFsL k|ToIf e]6df .
ltd|f] lxt}ifL c~rnk|;fb .
@)&) kmfu'g !( ut] .
atma55ram@gmail.com
gSzfn, sf7df8f}+

34

/rgf

ebf}c;f]h @)&!

k"0ff{ 132

k'g/fudg
OlGb/f sfsL{ s];L
Ps k|ltli7t lghL sfof{nosf] lhDd]jf/ sd{rf/L ePsf sf/0f k|foM d ;Fw}
Jo:tg} /xg] u5{' . dWofGx vfhf vfg] ;dodf d]/f] df]afOndf 6\jf/{ 6\jf/{ 306L
aHof] . df]afOnsf c x]/,]+ tL cn] dg cfglGbt agfpg'kg]{ xf] t/ cftlt /
ljrlnt agfP . cz'e ;dfrf/ lbg jf wDsL lbg kmf]g u/]sf] xf] ls eg]/ em}
kmf]g p7fpg ;lsgF . a8f] d'l:sn / ef/L dgn] kmf]g p7fP/ x]nf] eGgf ;fy
ptfaf6 ?Gr] dlng / kZrfQfko'Qm zAbxsf] cf]O/f] nfUof] . r~rnfsf tL
zAbn] d ljl:dt ePF . cGof]ndf k/+,] cjfs\ ag]+ d cg'Ql/t ePF . t/ kmf]g
:jLr ckm ug{ ;lsgF . p;sf cfjfh ;'lg dfq /x]+ . p;sf] cj?4| unfaf6
lj:doo'Qm zAbx lgl:s/x] . xh'/ daf6 7"nf] uNtL eof] . dfkm ug'x{ f];,\ ca
daf6 o:tf uNtL bf]xf]l/g] 5}gg\, d}n] h'g xs{t u/]+ Tof] Ifdfnfos 5}g, d]/f] x7L
ckl/kSj tyf cJofjxfl/s :jefj / wgsf] pGdfbsf sf/0f d cGwf] ePF, tkfO{{+
h:tf] ;/n ;x[boL JolQmnfO{{ dfgl;s / zf/Ll/s b'jv
} fn] 7]; k'ofPF , kl/jf/df
czflGt km}nfpFb} kl/jf/sf ;a} ;b:onfO{{ ckdflgt ub}{ lr9\ofpg] sfd daf6
eof] . cfk;df ldNg' yfngL xf] , ;Fu} a9\g' k|d
] xf] / ;fydf sfd ug'{ ;kmntf
{ f] sdLn] ubf{ 3/]n' jftfj/0f lalu|of],
xf] eGg] egfO{ d}n] la;+,{] ddf ePsf] w}os
kl/jf/ tgfju|:t aGof], xfd|f] ;+:sf/ / k/Dk/fnfO{{ s'Nrb+} lzi6frf/ dfgdof{bf,
bofdfof / xflb{stf ddf /x]gg\, tL ;a} d]/f] x7sf sf/0f eP, t/ cfh ddf of]
uNtL dx;'; ePsf] 5, cx+sf/, O{iof{, bf]if / 3d08 oL ldqtfdf eFfhf] xfNg] tTj
x'g,\ logn] dflg;nfO{{ ldNg lb+bg} g\ / ;xofqfdf afwf kfb{5g\\ eGg] s'/f clxn] d}n]
a'em],+ d kl/jlt{t x'g rfxG5', bDe / kl/l:yltn] dflg;nfO{{ kfun ;/x agfpFbf]
/x]5, h'g lqmofsnfk daf6 eP tL Ifdfnfos 5}gg\ eGg] 1fg cfh ddf cfof],
tfklg d cfh Ifdf dfUb}5' .
cfh dnfO{{ ;fdflhs / dfgl;s kl/j]zn] o; df]8df k'ofof] . ;'vL /
b'MvL hLjgsf] ;"qwf/ JolQm :jo+ /x]5 eg] s;}nfO{{ zq' / ldq agfpg] klg p;sf]
:jefjg} /x]5 . oxL s'/fsf] c1fgtfn] dnfO{{ kl/jf/ljxLg agfof] . tkfO{+ / d]/f]
k'gM v';L / ;'vL bfdkTo hLjgsf] rfxgf / sNkgfn] dnfO{{ kZrfQfksf] e'jF /Ldf
3'dfO/x]5 . xfdLn] hf]8s
] f] e/f];f v';L / ;'vL hLjgsf] Tof] aGwg Ps jif{ gk'Ub}
d]/f] cb"/bzL{ / ckl/kSj Jojxf/n] r'8F fof] . dflg;sf] lgs6 ldq / s7f]/ zq'
pm :jo+ /x]5 eGg] ;To d}n] a'em]+ . pGd'Qm hLjgsf] vf]hLdf /dfpF5' eGg] d]/f]
;f]rfO unt ;fljt eof] . ef}lts ;'v Ifl0fs /x]5, cflTds ;'v cgGt . cfh
d Psflt/ dfgl;s kn] cfuf]sf] e'u\ f| d
] f lklN;Psf] 5' csf]t{ km{ ;fdflhs
lt/:sf/ / ckx]ngf ;xg afWo 5' . cfgf ctLtsf uNtLxk|lt kZrfQfk ub}{
k'gM tkfO{;
+ uF gofF hLjgdf kms{g rfxG5' . d k"0f{kn] kl/jlt{t x'g rfxG5' .
k"0ff{ 132

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35

dnfO{{ Psk6s cj;/ lbg'xf];\ . ljZjf; 5 tkfO{n

+ ] dfkm ub}{ dnfO{{ :jLsf/ ug'{
x'g5
] olt eg]/ r~rnfn] kmf]g /fvL .
Ps xKtf glaTb} dlng cg'xf/ b'Anf] sfof lnP/ p d]/f] sfo{fnodf g}
cfOk'uL . p;nfO{{ b]v/] d cfZro{df k/+,] z"Gotfdf x/fPF . lbdfu l:y/ ePsf]
cg'ej eof] . h'g lbg r~rnfn] 3/ 5f8]/ uPsL lyO{ To;lbgb]lv d]/f] dgleq
r}g eg] lyPg . dg cGt/Gdf km;]sf] lyof] t/ aflx/L jftfj/0f eg] zfGt .
r~rnfsf gsf/fTds lqmofsnfk / tL k|ltsf] kfl/jfl/s k|ltlqmof b]Vg / ;'Gg
k/]sf] lyPg . r~rnfk|ltsf] d]/f] >4f eg] afFsL lyPg t/ dfof x[bosf s'gfdf
afFsL g} /x]5 . dfof eGg' / >4f eGg' km/s j:t' /x]5g\\ eGg] 1fg dnfO{{ cfh
x'bF 5
} . To;n] ubf{ p;nfO{{ b]v/] g l/; p7\of] g t 3[0ff g} hfUof] . p;nfO{{
cdfn ug{ klg ;lsgF ,g lt/:sf/ ug{ ;s]+ . p ToxfFaf6 p7]/ uO{ d cjfs\ g}
/x]+ .
dWo/ft eO;Sof] lgb|fb]jLsf sfvdf hfg vf]H5' pgn] :jLsf/ ul/gg\ .
l;g]dfsf l/nh:t} k|To]s 36gf lbdfudf qmldskn] cfpg hfg yfn] . ck|ToIf
kdf r~rnfsf lqmofsnfksf] sf/s tTj cfkm" :jo+ ;d]t ePsf] dx;'; u/]+ .
p;sf] efjgfsf] sb/ ug{ g;s]sf] / p;nfO{{ ;+/If0f lbg g;s]sf] cg'el" t dnfO{{
x'g yfNof] . d laxfgb]lv a]ns
' f;Dd clkm;df /xGy+] . 5'Lsf lbgdf ;fyLx;Fu
/dfpy]+ . p;sf nflu d}n] ;do 5'6o\ fPsf] lyOgF . p;sf OR5f / cfsf+Iff a'g]
sf]lz; d}n] ul/gF . p;n] daf6 kfpg] clwsf/ vf]hs
] L xf] / d k|ltsf c;Gt'li6sf
kl/0fltx cfs|fz
] sf kdf aflx/ k|:km'l6t u/]sL xf] ls eg]/ d]/f] cGt:s/0fn]
p;nfO{{ lrxfpg yfNof] . pm k|ltsf gsf/fTds efjx s]xL dTy/ eP . xfdL b'O{
jLrsf l/; / bf]ifsf kvf{nx s]xL 9n]sf] cg'el" t eof] . p;n] d / d]/f]
kl/jf/af6 vf];/] nu]sf] zflGt / r}g kms]/{ cfpg] cfzf knfof] . p;sf] :jefj
ablnof];\ . xfd|f dte]bx lj:d[t eP/ hfpg\ . p;Fu k'gM ;DaGw hf]8/] p;sf]
/ d]/f] hLjg ;'vL xf];\ / gofF u[x:yLsf] cf/Dexf];\ eGg] cfzfsf ;fy p;nfO{{
:jLsfg]{ lg0f{odf k'u+] .
;a}eGbf 7"nf] bfg Ifdf xf] eGg] plQmnfO{{ ;Demb} r~rnfnfO{{ k'gM cfudgsf]
lgDtf] d}n] g} lbPF . pm cfgf ;fdfg lnP/ laxfg} 3/ kmsL{ . b'AnL / lg/fz
r~rnfdf v';L / pT;fxsf lrGxx :ki6;Fu b]lvg yfn] . kL8fsf ;]tx ;a}
x/fP . pm kl/is[t / kl/dflh{t eP/ kms]s
{ L cg'ej d}n] u/]+ . ljZjf; k|d
] sf]
klxnf] l;+9L xf] eGg] egfOnfO{{ cfTd;ft\ ub}{ p;dfly d}n] k'gM ljZjf; u/]+ .
d]/f] cGt/fTdfn] p;nfO{{ dfkm u/]sf] cg'et" ub}{ k|d
] / xflb{stfsf ;fy :jLsf/
uof]
Kff6g ;+oQ' m SofDk;, g]kfnL lzIf0f ;ldlt,
nlntk'/, g]kfn

36

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k"0ff{ 132

n3'syf

ljb|fx]
snfw/ sfn]
Ps lbgsf] s'/f] xf] . xft] 3g lnP/ xtf/xtf/
sfddf hfg nfu]sf] gfOs]bfO;Fu :yfgLo g]tfsf kdf
lrlgPsf] u' 0 8f/fhsf] hDsfe] 6 eof] . gd:sf/
gfOs]bfOu'08f/fhn] b'O{ xfthf]8b\ } xfF;/] af]Nof]stflt/
nDsg' eof] < gfOs]bfOn] klg xft]3g b]vfpFb} eGof]
gd:sf/, gd:sf/ luL s'6g\ lxF8s
] f] lg g]tfHo" .
gfOs]bfOsf] dgdf t/ rNgyfNof] slxn] b]v/]
klg gaf]Ng], af]Ng'knf{ eg]/ 6fpsf] kmsf{P/ lx8\g] cfheg]
dnfO{ { gd:sf/ ug{ ] , tkfO{ + eg] / ;Ddfg
lbg] km]l/ of] u'08f/fhn] s] if8\oGq ug{ nfUof] d dfly <
Ps l5g\ ud vfPsf] b]v/] a8f] cfTdLotf b]vfpFb} u'08f/fhn] lh1f;f
/fVof] gfOs]bfO, s] ljrf/ ug{ nfUg'eof] < lgs} uDeL/ kf] b]lvg'eof] t < To:tf]
vf; s]xL xf]Og g]tfHo" gfOs]bfOn] :ki6 ub{} eGof] gofF s'/f s]xL 5g\\ ls eg]/
;f]Wg vf]hs
] f] dfq x'F
u'08f/fh b'O{ kfOnfcl3 ;b{} k|;Gg d'bf| df s'/f v'n:tug{ yfNof] df}sd
} f
a8f] /fd|f] s'/f ;f]Wg'eof] . s'/f] s] eg] lg gfOs] bfO, ef]ln lhNnfsf ;a}eGbf 7"nf
xflsd xfd|f] ufpFsf] af6f] x'bF } tLy{ofqf hfg] va/ cfPsf] 5 . ToxL df}sf 5f]k/]
xfdLn] pxfFsf] eJo :jfut ug{] sfo{qmd to u/]sf5f}+
u'08f/fhsf] s'/f ;'g/] gfOs]bfO x'G5 g]tfHo", h] ug'k{ 5{ ug'x{ f];\ eGb}
sfdlt/ nlDsgyfNof] . gfOs]bfO u'08f/fhn] cln hf]8 lbFb} eGgyfNof] d'Vo
s'/f] t afFsL g} 5 . Tof] s] eg] lg xflsdsf] :jfutsf nflu clgjfo{ kdf
k|To]s 3/af6 kfFr;o ?lkofF p7fpg] / 3/sf] Ps hgf :jfut ;df/f]xdf
pkl:yt x'gk} g{] lg0f{o u/]sf 5f}+ . tkfO{+ ef]ln sfd ;fddf hfg] xf]Og, kfFr;o
?lkofF lnP/ :jfut ;df/f]xdf cfpg' x}
u'08f/fhsf] s/sfksf] s'/f ;'gk] l5 gfOs]bfOn] ljgd|tfk"js
{ cfgf] ljjztf
JoQmuof]g]tfHo", tkfO{n
{+ fO{{ yfxf g} 5, d Pp6f lbgel/ Hofnfdh'/L u/]/ laxfg
a]ns
' fsf] 5fs 6fg{] dhb'/ x'F . tLy{hfg] xflsdsf] :jfutsf nflu kfFr;o ?lkofF
rGbflbg] x}l;ot ddf sxfF 5 / < sfddf guP d]/f nfnfafnf ef]s} kg{] ePsfn]
d To; sfo{qmddf pkl:yt x'g c;dy{ 5' g]tfHo"
u'08f/fh wDSofpg yfNof] gfOs]bfO, d]/f] cg'/f]wnfO{{ 7f8} c:jLsf/ u/]/
ltdLn] d]/f] 7"n} ckdfguof} ef]ln x'g] kl/0ffd ltdLn] ;f]Rg} ;s]gf}+ . gfOs]bfOn]
klg u'08f/fhsf] r'gf}tL k|lt s8f k|ltlqmof hgfof] g]tfHo", afFRgkfP;Dd d
afFR5', gkfP dg{ klg kl5 x6\lbg . ca km]l/ klg d]/f] hLjgk|lt x}sd rnfpg]
k"0ff{ 132

ebf}c;f]h @)&!

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37

b'ik|of; gug'x{ f];\ . x}sd rnfpFbf vKg'kg]{ ;d:ofaf/] tkfO{+ klg ljrf/ ug{x' f];\ .
jf:tjdf of] sfo{qmd d]/f nflu sfunfO{{ a]n kfSof] xif{ g lj:dft\ eg] h:t} xf] .
hdfgf sxfFaf6 sxfF k'lu;Sof] . tkfO{ c
+ em} klg nf6f;f]emf hgtfnfO{{ ;fgfltgf
lgx'F kf/]/ 7u]sf] 7Uo} x'gx' G' 5 < o;}n] d km]l/ k|:6\ofpg rfxG5', d rGbf klg lbGg,
:jfut ;df/f]xdf pkl:yt x'gklg ;lQmg olt eGb} gfOs]bfO cfgf] sfdlt/
xflgof] . u'08f/fh x]/s
] f] x]o} eof]
ldlt @)&!.$.%

afg]Zj/, sf7df8f}+
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38

k|sfzgfy{ n]v/rgf k7fpFbf cfkm";Fu Psk|lt /fv]/ dfq

k7fpg' kg]5
{ . c:jLs[t /rgf ;'/lIft /fVg] cyjf lkmtf{
ul/g] 5}g .
k|Llt kmG6df 6fOk u/L O{dn
] f/f k7fOPsf :t/Lo /rgfnfO{
dfq :jLsf/ ul/g] 5 .
n]v/rgf k7fpFbf oyf ;Dej n]vssf] / ;DalGwt ljifosf]
t:jL/ ;d]t k7fpg ;"lrt ul/G5 .
k|sfzgfy{ cfPsf ;fdu|Lsf] cTolws rfksf sf/0f tTsfn
k|sflzt ul/xfNg xfdL c;dy{ 5f}+ .
;fdu|L k7fPsf] rf}yf] c;Dd klg k|sflzt geP /rgf
c:jLs[t ePsf] 7fGg' kb{5 .
/rgf df k7fO;lsPsf ;fdu|L c klqsfdf klg k7fOP /
b'jl} t/ k|sflzt x'g uP eljiodf To:tf /rgfsf/sf ;fdu|L
/rgfdf k|sflzt ul/g] 5}g .
/rgfdf k|sflzt ;fdu|L k|ltsf] bfloTj ;DalGwt n]vsdf g}
/xg]5 . k|sfzgfy{ /rgf k7fpFbf pko'Q
{ m a'Fbfxdf Wofg
lbg cg'/f]w ul/G5 .

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k"0ff{ 132

3[0ff
gf/fo0f ltjf/L
c\sn xh'/n] d]/f] h'Qf agfOlbl;of] <
5Ss k/]F d of] ;Daf]wg / ;Daf]wgdf cleJoQm
efiff ;'g/] . c ;Gbe{ / kfqx x'g] lyP eg] d of]
;Daf]wg / of] efiffk|lt cfqmf]l;t x'g] lyPF xf]nf . d of]
cfOl;of];\ , vfOl;of];\, uOl;of];\, xh'/, aS:of];\ h:tf
;Daf]wg Pjd\ efiffk|lt clt 3[0ff ub{yF] . dnfO{{ nfUbYof]
of] b/afl/ofxsf] ;fdGtL efiff xf] . pgLxsf] rfs/Ldf
af]lng] ef6 efiff xf] . o; efiffdf dflg;dflg;sf
aLrsf] ;dfgtf 5}g, pFrgLrsf] 7"nf] kvf{n 5 .
b/afl/ofxnfO{{ o;/L ;Daf]wg gul/P /}tLxsf] v}l/ot 5}g . o:tf] lje]bk"0f{
cleJolQmo'Qm efiff klg lj:tf/} /}tLxdf ;b}{ cfO/x]sf] lyof] . ;'df wgLdfgL
/}tLxsf 3/Joaxf/df clg ca===< dnfO{{ eg] of] b]vfl;vL k|of]uk|lt emg\ 3[0ff
hfu[t x'g] u/]sf] lyof] .
d ev{/} To; k;ndf h'Qfsf] df]ntf]ndf nflu/x]sf] lyPF . d To; h'Qf
k;nsf k;njfnf ;fsL{nfO{{ s] ;Daf]wg uF < cndNn kl//x]sf] lyPF . d]/f]
lxhf]sf] ;+:sf/n] lyr]/ p;nfO{{ tkfO{F+ ;d]t eGg lxlRsrfO/x]sf] a]nf Pp6L
:s"n k9\b} u/]sL ;fgL aflnsfn] tL h'Qf agfpg] ;fsL{nfO{{ c\sn xh'/n] d]/f]
h'Qf agfOlbl;of] < elg/x]sL lyOg\ .
cfxf, slt caf]w, clg lk|o ;Daf]wg vf]O, s;n] s;nfO{{ sf6\g,' dfg'{
kof] kfgL grNg] hftsf egL lxhf] x]lkPsf] cfgf] sfd u/L vfg] Pp6f ;fsL{
y/ ePsf] dflg;nfO{{ ;Ddfgo'Qm Joaxf/ ug{ <
d b+u k/]F . o:tf] af]nLjrg 3/3/df rn] rnf];\ . s] km/s k5{ < /}tL
elgPsf, lylrPsf, ldlrPsf, k5fl8 k/]sf ;a}sf lglDt k|of]u x'G5 eg] s] km/s
k5{===<
ca dnfO{{ Tof] b/afl/of elgPsf] efiff ;+af]wgk|lt 3[0ff /x]g . d]/f] ;flas
;f]rnfO{{ tL ;fgL slnnL aflnsfn] kn{Ss} pN6fO{ kf] lbOg\ .
s]xL l5g\d
\ } tL gfgL, agfpg lbPsf] h'Qf tL k;n] ;fsL{bfOaf6 lnP/
lxFl8g\ .
d}n] klg cfgf] lglDt Pshf]/ h'Qf 5fg]F / af]sF] n ;fsL{bfO, ca d klg
nfU5' . km]l/km]l/ klg h'Qf lng'kof] eg] tkfO{s
F+ } k;ndf cfpg] 5'===.
d}n] labfO{sf] xft xNnfPF . ;fsL{bfO jfNn k/]/ d]/f] d'vdf x]l//x]sf lyP .
dfgf}F ;f]Rb} x'g\ ls, slxNo} olt ;Ddfghgs 9+un] gaf]Ng] oL afx'gr/LnfO{{ cfh
s] eP5===<
(*$()&#@^&

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39

b]vfl;sL
;' z Lnf b] p hf
k'is/nfO{{ ;fyLefO hDdf ul/ vfg lkgsf ;fy} tf; v]Ng v'a dg kYof]{ .
;/sf/L sd{rf/L, pgsf] b'ud{ :yndf ;?jf eof] . cf7 aif{] 5f]/f ;lxt >LdtLsf
;fy pgL Toxf" k'u] . ;'ljwfljxLg b'ud{ 7fp", /dfOnf] ug{] h:tf] Toxf" s]xL lyPg .
nfu]sf] afgL k'is/sf] oxf" klg 5'Lsf] lbg ;fyL hDdf ul/ tf; v]Ng'sf ;fy} vfg
lkg rNg yfNof] . ca t 5'L eof]ls 3/df hd36 eO{ xfNYof] . xf";f] 7f, xNnf
vNnf lgs} rxn kxn x'GYof] 3/df . sfd ug{] s]6f] vfg] lkpg] Joj:yf ldnfpgdf
Jo:t . a'af ;fyLx aLr 7"nf] 7"nf] :j/df s'/f ub{,} r'/f]6 /S;L lkpb} u/]sf
b]lvGy] . cfdf efG5f lt/g} cndln/xlGyg\ . ;a} lt/af6 PSnf] k/]sf] 5f]/f] a'afs}
hd36 lt/ tlGsGYof] . p;nfO{{ 7"nf dfG5]xn] s:tf s:tf s'/f u5{g\ . s] s] u/]/
/dfOnf] ubf{ /x]5g\\ a'g c;fWo pT;'stf hfUYof] . sf]7f r'/f]6sf] w'jfF / /S;Lsf]
rsf{] uGwn] /dluPsf] x'GYof] . 5f]/fnfO{{ Toxf" b]Vof] eg] n n afa' oxf" ga; .
aflx/ v]Ng hfp elg a'af cln cln k};f xftdf /flvlbGy] . 5f]/f] k};f kfP/ /dfpb}
k;n lt/ bu'Yof{] . elgG5 3/g} klxnf] kf7zfnf xf] . afnsxn] 3/df h] b]Vof]
ToxL l;S5g\\ . a'afnfO{{ cfbz{ b]vs
] f] 5f]/fnfO{{ klg ca o:t}df /; a:g yfNof] .
Ps kN6 sfd ljz]ifn] a'af s]xL lbgsf] nflu ufp" b]lv 6f9f uPsf lyP .
kms{bf 3/df h'g b[Zo b]v] To;n] pgsf] ;ftf] k'Tnf] uof] . h'g sf]7fdf cfkm"
;fyL hDdf ul/, h'g tl/sfn] /dfOnf] uy{] . x'ax' To:t} tl/sfn] 5f]/fn] klg
;fyL hDdf ul/ xftdf r'/f]6, 5]pdf /S;Lsf] Unf;, Kn]6df vfg] s'/f, xNnf ub{}
tf; v]ln/x]sf] b]v] . a'af PSs} rf]l6 cfsfzaf6 hldgdf ahfl/P h:t} eP .
aRrfxn] s;/L 7"nfsf] b]vfl;sL ubf{ /x]5g\\ . leqL cf"vf v'n] h:tf] cfkm"n]
u/]sf] cfh ;Ddsf] s/t"t ;Dembf 3f]/ k5'tf] eof] .
5 sushila_deoja@yahoo.com

k|To]s c\s k7gLo / ;+ux| 0fLo

cleJolQm
b'O{ dlxg] ;fdfGo ;flxlTos klqsf
cleJolQm kl/;/
kDa' dfu{, uf}/L gu/, rfjlxn, sf=d=kf* sf7df8f}+
kmf]gM $$&@^#&
O{dn
] M e472637@hotmail.com
j]aM www.34.brinkster.com/abhibyakti
40

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;]jfu|fxLsf] ;]jf
Dffwj kf] v /] n uf] H of\ u | ]
hL xh'/L k|yfsf] lg/Gt/tf lbb} w]/} 7fpFdf hflu/
vfof] p;n] . Toltdfq xf]Og c? ;fyLsf t'ngfdf pm
x/]s b[li6n] ;an klg lyof] . slxn] dfnkf]t t slxn]
oftfoft Joj:yf sfof{no t slxn] s[lif ljsf; sfof{no
t slxn] sfo{jfxLaf6 aRg ;xsf/L sfof{nodf . 3'dLlkm/L
?Dhf6f/ eg] em}+ clwsf+z ;do pm /fd|f] cfDbfgL x'g]
sfof{nodf g} /x\of] . /fhgLlts If]qsf] cfzLjf{bsf sf/0f
p hxfF rfx\of] ToxL+ ;?jf x'GYof] .
dfnkf]tdf sfd ubf{ cfDbfgL x'g] sfd cfkm" ug]{ / cfDbfgL gx'g] sfd c?
;fyLnfO{{ lbg] p;sf] ;fx|} /fd|f] ;xof]ufTds / /rgfTds k|jl[ Q lyof] . cyf{t\
p;nfO{{ ;a}eGbf a9L cfDbfgL x'g] kmfF6 g} rflxGYof] / hL xh'/L k|yfs} sf/0f
p;n] dfu] cg';f/sf] kmfF6 kfpFYof] klg .
sd{rf/L ;+u7gsf] x/]s sfo{qmddf ;/Ls x'g] / cfjZos ;xof]u ug]{
p;sf] rft'ok{ 0" f{ sfo{n] p;nfO{{ w]/} s'/faf6 ;xof]u k'us
] f] lyof] .
s/f8f}s
+ f] ;DklQsf] dflns ePklg pm cfkm"nfO{{ u/La 5' xh'/ eGb} cg'go ljgo
ug{ vlKk; p;sf] sfo{zn
} LnfO{{ ;]jfu|fxLn] /fd|f] d"Nof\sg u/]sfn] v} stfaf6 xf]
;"rgf kfP/ clVtof/n] kq sf6\of] / clxn] pm cfgf] O{dfGbf/L k|lt b+u k/]sf] 5 .
Og?jf, ;'g;/L
kmf]
g
M (*%$)@)%!)
5

uhn
xf] d z+ s / af:tf] n f
slt r':5f} hgtfnfO{{ sfd p:t} 5
sf7df8f}s
F f ;8sdf hfd p:t} 5
aGof] xf]nf eg]sf] y]F :s"n, wf/f, af6f]
ah]6 hlt e'8F Lleq xfd p:t} 5
gofF g]kfn ufF;, af; lnO{ cfpF5 eGy]
t/ kfnL p8fP/ 3fd p:t} 5
cfg} b]zdf sfd, dfd gkfP/ o'jf
Pc/kf]6d
{ f ljb]lzg] nfd p:t} 5
u/LaLsf] pGgltdf s:n] slt lbof]
:jb]zdf afF8Lr'8F L jfd p:t} 5
5
k"0ff{ 132

ebf}c;f]h @)&!

b'js
] f]n&, vf]6f
/rgf

41

s'/fsfgL M dg' a|fhfsL;Fu

ljdn clwsf/L
syf, uhn / lgofqf ;d]tdf ;zQm snd
rnfpg'xg' ] jl/i7 ;flxTosf/ dg' a|fhfsL -hGd
lj=;+=!(((_ ;Fu @)&), h]7ebf}sf] s/La rf/
dlxgf hlt d lgs} glhlsPF . jxfFsf] s[ltsf
nflu ;fdu|L a6'Ng], ljleGg k|sfzg u[x
wfpg] cflb h:tf sfo{df ;3fpg pxfF;uF d]/f]
;fy /Xof] . To; qmddf lszf]/ kxf8L, dx]z
k|;fO{+ cflbn] dg'sf] cGtjf{tf{ lnP . d klg
sflGtk'/ sf];n
] L df k':ts jftf{ -@)&) ;fpg
@^_ 5kfpg ;kmn ePF . t/ klg d]/f] dgdf
dg'sf] cd]l/sf a;fO{, ToxfF pxfFsf] ;flxlTos
;lqmotf, :jf:Yof]krf/ clg g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts,
;fdflhs, wfld{s cj:yfaf/] pxfFsf] wf/0ff hfGg
lh1f;' alg/x]+ . lj=;+=@)&) ;fpg @& df /rgf klqsfsf nflu cfb/0fLo
syfsf/ dg' a|fhfsLnfO{{ lnlvt k|Zg lbPF / dg'sf] ;6Ls hjfkm @)&) efb| !%
ut] kfPF . k|:t't 5 pQm ;d;fdlos cGtjf{tf{sf c+zx M

bfO, cf/fd x'g'x'G5 <

;~r} 5' .
tkfO{+ sf] cd]l/sf a;fO s:tf] /Xof] <
k|Zgsf] pQ/ lgs} nfdf] x'G5 . o;sf nflu ;+:d/0f n]Vb}5' . ;+If]kdf
eGg'kbf{ ;'vb'Mv ldl>t /Xof] . ;'vb'Mv hxfF klg x'G5 .
cd]l/sf a;fOsf qmddf lgs} la/fdL kg'{eof] eGg] ;'g]sf] lyPF,
vf; s] ePsf] xf] tkfO{+ nfO{{ atfOlbgf];\ g
ePsf] o; k|sf/ 5 M
-!_ xlg{ofsf] zNolqmof ug'k{ of] .
-@_ eofaf6 n8]/ sfFw v':Sof] .
-#_ dw'dx] eof] .
-$_ bf];f| ] k6s dl:tislz/f3ft eof] .
-%_ ;fol6sf eof] .
clxn];Dd olQ ePsf] 5 .
k'gZr-^_ d'6s
' f] Joyf klg nfu]sf] 5
42

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k"0ff{ 132

cd]l/sf a:bf s'g} ;flxlTos ;+:yflt/ cfa4 x'g'eof] < ToxfF s]

s:tf ;flxlTos ultljlw eO/xG5g\\ <
cfhLjg s'g} klg /fhgLlts, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts / ;flxlTos ;+3;+u7gdf
;+nUg lyOgF . t/ cd]l/sfsf] sf]nf]/f8f]df cfPkl5 cGt/f{li6o g]kfnL ;flxTo
;dfh -cg];f;_sf] sf]nf]/f8f] RofK6/sf] ;Nnfxsf/df a;]sf] lyPF .
t/ clxn] d :j]R5fn] Tofukq lbP/ klxn] em}+ d'Qm 5' .
sf]nf]/f8f]sf] ;flxlTos ultljlw eg]sf] klxn] k|To]s dlxgfsf] clGtd
zlgjf/ cyjf cfOtjf/ sf]7] ;flxlTos uf]i7L x'GYof], cr]n b'O{ dlxgfdf
Psrf]l6 x'G5 .
ca oxfF k'gM cd]l/sf hfg'x'G5 < lsg, slxn] <
xf], k'g cd]l/sf hfFb5
} ' . @)&) c;f]h $ ut] .
hfg'kg]{ klxnf] sf/0f cf}ifwf]krf/ / bf];f| ] sf/0f kfl/jfl/s .
bfO, clnslt k| ; abnf} + . g] k fn / cd] l /sfsf] ;fdflhs
/fhgLlts Joj:yfdf s] leGgtf kfpg'eof] t <
g]kfn / cd]l/sfnfO{{ bfFHg} ldNb}g .
h;/L cfgL cfdfnfO{{ csf{sL cfdfl;t bfFHg ldNb}g . h;/L cfgf]
abdf; ;GtfgnfO{{ csf{sf] enfb\dL ;Gtfgl;t bfFHg ldNb}g .
g] k fnsf] cl:y/ /fhgLlts cj:yfb] l v lgs} lg/fz eP/ dg'
a|fhfsL em08} cfTdxToflt/ uPsf] lyof] eG5g\\ lg vf; ePsf] s]
xf] < :ki6 ul/lbg'x'GYof] ls
klxnf] dl:tislz/f3ftn] d ckf\u ePsf] lyPF @)^) ;fndf, / n]vgsfo{
ug{ g;Sg] ePsf] lyPF . b]z kl/jt{gsf] lbzftkm{ tLj| ultn] hfFbl} yof], d n]v/]
s]xL ug{ g;sL 6'n6' n
' ' x]l//xg'k/]sf] lyof] . ps';d's;
' sf] of] cj:yf d]/f] nflu
cfTd3ftL lyof] .
b]zdf oqf dflg;x dfl/O/x]sf] cj:yfdf d s;/L afFr+] < cfZro{
bfO tkfO{s
+ f] cfgLafgLsf] s'/f ug{ dg nfUof] . dg' a|hfsLn] v'a
lkpg'eof], ultnf s[ltx g]kfnL ;flxTo e08f/nfO{{ lbg'eof] . bfO
tkfO{+ lsg lkP/ l;h{gtkm{ nfUg'x'GYof] < sf/0f :ki6 ul/lbg'xf];\ g
lkPF cfgf] nflu . n]v+] csf] nflu .
t];} x'gfn] d}n] lkP/ slxNo} klg n]lvg .
oxfF n ] lkpg 5f] 8 ] g5f] 8 ] a f/] k| i 6 kfl/lbg' x f] ; \ g 5f] 8 ] s f] eP
slxn]b]lv 5f]8\g'eof] < ToxfF klg xl/of kbf{ k;n x'G5g\\ / <
g5f]8k] lg 5f]8] klg p:t} 5' d .
ToxfF kbf{ rflx+bg} . oxfF kbf{ rflxG5 .
kfv08sf] klxrfg g} kbf{ xf] .
dg' a| f hfsL ;flxTosf] /Tg xf] , pm ;flxTodf a] h f] 8 / hLjGt
5 . t/ /S;L / r'/f]6 p;sf] sdhf]/L xf] egL ;flxlTos ;dLIfsx
l6Kk0fL u5{g\ lg < o;af/] s] eGg'x'G5 <
;flxlTos ;dLIfsx ;flxTosf/ xf]Ogg\ .
k"0ff{ 132

ebf}c;f]h @)&!

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43

bfO, tkfO{+sf lj=;+= @)^) kl5 s'g s'g k':tsfsf/ s[lt k|sflzt
eP < gofF s' g s' g k| s flzt 5g\ \ < s' g } gofF s[ l tx k| s fzgsf
tof/Ldf 5g\\ ls < ;fn ;lxt pNn]v ul/lbg'x'GYof] ls
lj:d/0fzLntfn] ubf{ dnfO{{ oL k|u\ x yfxf 5}g .
-pxfFsf] pQ/nfO{{ ljj/0ffTds kn] kf7ssf] hfgsf/Lsf nflu oxfF pNn]v
u/]sf] 5'_M
-!_ kf/bzL{ dfG5] -syf ;+ux| , @)^), ;femf k|sfzg_
-@_ s] x]/s
] f] P lhGbuL -uhn ;+ux| , @)^$, cgfd d08nL_
-#_ cfuf]n] t kf]N5 kf]N5, kfgLn] emg\ kf]N5 -uhn ;+ux| , ;g\ @)!#_
-$_ dg' a|fhfsLsf 5f]6f syfx -syf ;+ux| , @)&), ;femf k|sfzg_
-%_ k|sfzf]Gd'v cGgk"0ff{sf] ef]h -syf ;+ux| , ;fFlu|nf k|sfzg_
tkfO{ + n ] cfgf k' : tsfsf/ s[ l txsf ;fy} k| s flzt km' 6 s/
/rgfxnfO{{ ;d]t cfgf] ;ngdf /fv]sf] b]lvFb}g lg < o;sf] sf/0f
cfgf] kl/jf/n] ;flxTotkm{ ?lr gb]vfP/ t xf]Og <
d]/f] kl/jf/df dfq xf]Og ;Dk"0f{ vfgbfgdf ;flxTolt/ ?lr b]vfpg] d} dfq
x'F .
dxf]Q/Lsf] r]tdfg l;+x e08f/Lsf] kl/jf/n] dg' a|fhfsLsf] ;flxlTos
JolQmTjnfO{ { hLjgsf] pQ/fw{ d f cfP/ dfq a' e m] s f] h:tf] b] l vG5
o:tf] a'emfO w]/} jif{ cufl8 x'g'kYof]{ h:tf] nfUb}g <
d/]kl5 a'lemlbP klg x'G5 . h;/L eP klg a'g' g} t xf]
bfO tkfO{+ Ps ;r]t ;|i6f x'g'x'G5 . tkfO{+ /fhgLltk|lt klg lgs}
uDeL/ eO{ /fhgLlts ts{ ljts{ ug' { x ' G 5 s[ l t dfkm{ t \ . Ps ;r] t
gful/ssf] x} l ;otn] g] k fnsf] /fhgLlts ;\ q md0f cGTo x' g ] s' / fdf
slQsf] ljZj:t x'g'x'G5 < tkfO{+ sf] wf/0ff s] 5 <
h'g;'s} ;\qmd0fsf] klg cGTo x'g] ub{5 . ;\qmd0fsf] cGTo s;/L
x'G5 < cGTo kZrft\ s] x'G5 < ;f] s'/fsf] eljiojf0fL clxNo} ug{ ;ls+bg} .
tkfO{+ ljrf/xLg ;flxTo / ljj]sxLg /fhgLlt b'j} TofHo x'G5g\\
eGg] dfGotf af]s]sf] ;flxTosf/ x'g'x'G5 . /fhg]tfxdf ljj]ssf] sdL
eP/ o:tf] cj:yf cfPsf] t xf]Og < o;af/] s]xL l6Kk0fL 5 ls <
1fgsf] cefjn] o:tf] ePsf] xf]Og ljj]ss} cefjn] o:tf] ePsf] xf] .
:jfy{n] dfG5] ljj]sxLg x'G5 .
g]kfnsf] jt{dfg kl/l:ylt ljZn]if0f ubf{ b]z ljv08glt/ hfg]
kf] xf] ls eGg] lrGtfn] g] k fnL hgtf cfqmfGt 5g\ \ . Ps ;h{ s sf]
gftfn] eGg' k bf{ tkfO{ + n fO{ { b] z stflt/ hfG5 xf] n f h:tf] nfU5 <
/fli6 o tf / cv08tfsf nflu g] k fnL /fhgLltsdL{ n fO{ { s] x L ;' e mfj
lbg'x'G5 ls <
cfgf] lk+h8fdf ;'uf kfNg] /fhgLlt1x g} eljiojf0fL u5{g\ .
b]z htflt/ uPklg ;Unf] / l;\u} hfG5, 9'Ss x'gx' f];\ .
g]tfnfO{{ ;'emfj cleg]tfn] g} lbg ;S5g\\ .
44

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k"0ff{ 132

wd{ / ;+:s[ltaf/] tkfO{+ sf] wf/0ff s] 5 < k|:6 kfl/lbg'xf];\ g

wd{sf] cy{ wf/0f ug'{ xf] eg] O{Zj/ wf/0f u/]kl5 wd{ eOxfNof] . o} wf/0f
u/]sf] O{Zj/nfO{{ ;+:sf/sf] cGt/s'Gt/df 3';fPkl5 ;+:s[lt klg tof/ eof] .
ca dfgjLo ;+:s[ltdf cdfgjLo O{Zj/ st} g hf
o'jfx lbgk|ltlbg j}bl] zs /f]huf/df uO/x]sf 5g\\ . o;/L o'jfzlQm
knfog eof] eg] gofF g]kfn aGnf / < o;af/] ;'emfj cyjf l6Kk0fL s] 5 <
hfg t o'jfx cfg} 3/ agfpg uPsf lyP t/ o;n] t l;\uf] gofF g]kfn
aGg] /x]5 . of] b]v/] g]tf dVv, cy{zf:qL dVv, cem ;d:t g]kfn b\u
o;af/] ;'emfj / l6Kk0fL ug{lt/ ;do v]/ kmfNg'eGbf d klg oyfzL3|
cd]l/sf knfog ub}5
{ '.
tkfO{+ sf] rf/dlxg] g]kfn a;fO s:tf] /Xof] <
cfkmGt, Oi6ldqx;Fusf] e]63f6 cToGt ;'vb /Xof] . b'Mvb s'/fx ;a}
;Fu} lnP/ hfFb5
} '.
k'gM oxfFsf] s[ltaf/] Wofgfsif{0f ug{ rfxG5' . tkfO{+ sf] cfdfnfO{{
a]Rg' x'Fb}g nf6f eGg] syf ;+u|xsf] kf08'lnlk g]kfn k|1f k|lti7fgaf6
lkmtf{ x'g] ;Defjgfaf/] slQsf] ljZj:t x'g'x'G5 < olb x/fPsf] /x]5 eg]
s s;sf] nfk/jfxL 7x5{ < ToxfF lbOPsf @! cf]6f /rgfx ;+sng
u/L ToxL d"n zLif{sdf k':tsfsf/ s[lt lgsfNg] ;f]rdf t x'g'x'Gg <
pQm zLif{s laqmL / k|l;l4sf lx;fan] klg pko'Qm b]lvG5 lg <
cfdfnfO{{ a]Rg' x'bF g} , nf6f eGg] syf ;+ux| g]kfn k|1f k|lti7fgdf a'emfPsf]
!^ jif{ ljt]5 . csf]{ !^ jif{df d :jo+ lkmtf{ x'g] ;Defjgfaf/] ljZj:t 5}g .
:jo+ x/fpg] cj:yfdf cfOk'us
] f] 5' .
ca s] vf]hf}+ d <
dg' a|fhfsL g]kfns} hghLjgdf6f]df hLjgel/ g} /dfpg rfxg]
;flxTosf/ xf] . oxfF s/ /fi6jfbL klg x'g'x'G5 . cd]l/sfsf] hghLjgdf
dg' a|hfsL /dfpg ;S5 xf]nf t < ToxfF a:bf s'g} ljwfdf ;lqmo x'g]
;f]r agfpg'ePsf] 5 <
hGde"ld d[To'el" d klg x'gk' 5{ eGg] 5}g .
ca ;lqmotf cf]/fnf] nfu]sf] 5 .
cfgf g]kfnL kf7s / z'elrGtsnfO{{ ;flxlTos ljsf;sf] ;Gbe{df
s] eGg rfxg'x'G5
s]xL klg t eGg] s'/f e]66\ fpFlbgF .
tkfO{ + n ] s/La kfF r bzsb] l v ;flxTo l;h{ g ftkm{ cfkm" n fO{ {
Psf]xf]ofpg'sf] sf/0f atfOlbg'xf];\ g
;flxTodf nfu]kl5 gf]s/Lrfs/L, aGwJofkf/ s]xL klg ug{ cfPg cyf{t\
ul/Pg .
clg t lg/Gt/ ;flxTo n]Vg' / b]z / ;dfhsf nflu cg'Tkfbs /
cJofjxfl/s aGg' afx]s d;Fu cGo ljsNk lyPgg\ .
o;df d]/f] :j]R5f klg lyof], 5 / /xg]5 .
k"0ff{ 132

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45

;flxTo l;h{gfsf] p2]Zo wd{, cy{, sfd, df]If s] xf] < sltko
n] v sx cyf] { k fh{ g sf p2] Z osf ;fy ;flxTodf nfluk/] s f b] l vG5g\ \
lg o;af/] oxfFsf] wf/0ff s] 5 <
;flxTo l;h{gfsf] p2]Zo kz'kltsf] 9's6' L l/TofP/ ef/tsf dxfgu/df tf/]
xf]6n
] vf]Ng' -wd{_, t:s/L / gfkmfvf]/L ug'{ -cy{_, Psflt/ gf]s/Lrfs/L u/]/
3";vf]/L / e|i6frf/ ug'{ csf]l{ t/ r]lna]6L a]rlavgn] ljZjahf/ eg'{ -sfd_,
Psy/L cfsfzdf Kjfn kf/]/ :ju{df df]hdHhf ug]{ csf]y{ /L w/tLd} ;s];Dd
df]hdHhf ug]{ af}l4s bl/b|tf lkm+hfpg' -df]If_ sbflk xf]Og .
;flxTo n]v/] ljlw;Ddt af6f]af6 cyf]k{ fh{g ug'{ ;flxTosf/sf] clwsf/
klg xf] / st{Jo klg xf] .
tkfO{ + n ] ;g\ !(%& df g} gjef/t 6fOD; klqsfsf] /ljjf/Lo
c+sdf gf/L :jtGqtf ljifos n]v 5kfpFbf s] gfpFdf 5kfpg'eof] <
r]tdfg l;+x lyof] ls Zofd s'df/ lyof] clxn] dnfO{{ ;Demgf 5}g .
sltko ;dfnf] r sx dg' a| f hfsLnfO{ { k| u ltjfbL ;flxTosf/
egL k|ultjfbLsf] lsQfdf /fV5g\\ lg vf;df tkfO{+ cfkm"nfO{{ s] jfbL
7fGg' x ' G 5 <
nf}/f]n] lxsf{of] eg] h'g;'s} lsQfsf] dfG5]nfO{{ klg b'V5 . d t]xL b'vfO
b]V5' . Tof] b'vfO{ km6fxfxn] agfPsf] O{Zj/n] lbPsf] eP klg O{Zj/sf gfddf
lxhf], hgtfsf] gfddf cfh zf;g ug]n
{ ] lbPsf] eP klg .
d s'g} klg jfbL / jsjfbL xf]Og .
s'g} klg jfb cfh;Dd hLjg / hut\sf] ;Dos JofVoftf x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .
t/ klg xfdL cGofo lj?4 pleg;S5f}+ .
d cfkm" lj?4 plePsf] ;flxTosf/ x'F .
Pp6f Odfgbf/ / :jfledfgL ;flxTosf/ g} cfkm" lj?4 pleg ;S5 .
dg' a|fhfsL cu|h / :yflkt ;flxTosf/ xf] . syf ljwfdf pTs[i6 xf] .
t/ k|sfzg tkm{sf] pbf;Lgtfn] dbg k'/:sf/ k|fKt ug{ cln kl5 kg'e{ Psf]
egL ;flxTosf/x rrf{ u5{g\ lg tkfO{+ cfgf s[ltxnfO{{ pQm k'/:sf/sf]
bfa]bf/ 7fGg' x'Gg < Tof] k'/:sf/ kfPx'GYof] h:tf] nfUb}g <
pd] / n] ubf{ gjf] l btxdWo] cu| h ePF x' F n f . PlUhle;lgHd k|bz{gsfldtf_ d]/f] :jefj xf]Og . tkfO{+ n] pNn]v ug'{ePsf] k'/:sf/sf
ljifodf ;DalGwt ;+:yfnfO{{ g} ;f]Wg' a]; x]fnf, To;sf] pQ/ lbg] cflwsfl/s
JolQm d xf]Og . bfj]bf/ t d cfgf] lktf k"vf{sf] ;DklQsf] klg lyOgF .
lbP . kfPF
tkfO{ + /fd| f lgofqfsf/xdWo] klg Ps x' g ' x ' G 5 . ;+ : d/0ffTds
s[lt lgsfNg] ;f]rdf eP gePaf/] k|i6 ul/lbg'xf];\ g
n]Vb}5' . lj:d/0fzLntf / n]Vg] xftsf] bf}aN{ on] ubf{ k"0f{ ug{ ;S5' ls
;lQmgF .
oxfF n ] g] k fnL ;flxTosf] ;] j f ug' { e of] . n] v g k] ; fn] tkfO{ + s f]
3/Jojxf/ / hLjg rNYof] < k|i6\ofOlbg'xf;\ g <
46

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rNg] s] s'/f, hxfF lyof] ToxL+ crn /fVg klg ;lsPg . ca slt k|:6\ofpg' <
;SsnL ;flxTosf/ p;} t cg'Tkfbs lyPF ca gg\UofOlbg';\ .
bfO, tkfO{+n] g]kfnL ;flxTodf k"0f{sfnLg n]vs -;|i6f_ sf] kdf
dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg k'ofpg'ePsf] 5 . t/ /fHon] dg' a|fhfsLsf] of]ubfgsf]
vf;} sb/ u/]sf] b]lv+b}g lg :jf:Yof]krf/ / eQf lbg'kg]{ xf]Og <
o;af/] oxfFsf] egfO s] 5 <
cd]l/sL ;/sf/ Pjd\ ToxfFsf bft[;:+ yfxn] d]/f] :jf:Yof]krf/ u/]s} 5g\\ .
n]vs eg]/ xf]Og, cfgf] ljlwljwfg cg';f/ / dfgjLo cfwf/df . a? o;s}
b]vfl;sL u/]/ xfd|f] ;/sf/n] klg ljb]zaf6 g]kfn cfPsfxsf] :jf:yof]krf/
/ x]/rfx lgMz'Ns ul/lbP, d'06f] lgx'l/Pklg gfs 7f8f] kfg{ kfOGYof] ls
sltko ;flxTo;] j Lx ;flxTodf nfu] / k5' t fPsf] hLljsf] k fh{ g
ug{ g;s]sf] u'gf;f] u5{g\ lg < tkfO{+sf] t u'gf;f] 5}g lg
;flxTodf nfu]/ dnfO{{ s'g} k5'tf] nfu]sf] 5}g . u'gf;f] u/]/ lsg u'lD;g' <
tkfO{+ f/f n]lvPsf] ox'bLxn] ofFs]sf] yf]qf] af]/f8fo:kf]/f sflGtk'/ sf];]nL, h]7 @%, @)&)_ n] lgs} rrf{ kfof] . ax;sf] ljifo
aGof] . jf:tjdf 8fo:kf]/fsf] kl/efiff s] xf] < k|i6 ul/lbg'xf];\ g
s'g} s'/fsf] kl/efiff cg';f/ sf]xL klg oxfF rn]sf] 5}g .
lrgf/L cyf{t\ klxrfgsf nflu 8fo:kf]/f ;+1f rflxof] /] . sf]xL g]kfnsf]
gful/s 5 eg] g]kfnL xf], cGo s'g} b]zsf] gful/s eO;Sof 5 eg] To;} b]zsf]
gfdaf6 lrlgG5 . To:tfn], ljb]zL gful/s eP/, ljb]zsf] ;8sdf g]kfnL em08f
af]s/] gfRg' ls t s'g} :jfy{ n'sfpg' xf], ls t a]OdfgL xf] .
bfO, tkfO{+ cfl:ts ls gfl:ts <
cl:t = 5 . gcl:t = 5}g . dnfO{{ dg' sf] cl:tTjaf/] cf:yf / ljZjf;
5 . To;f] x'gfn] d dfgjtfjfbL cfl:ts x'F .
xfjfbf/L / sfNklgs O{Zj/sf] cl:tTj 5}g / To;dfly cf:yf / ljZjf;
/fVg]x gfl:ts x'g\ .
tkfO{ + n ] cfgf] hLjgdf e] 6 \ g ' e Psf tLghgf xf] g xf/ ljfg /
enfb\dL JolQmxsf] gfd lng'kbf{ s s;sf] lng'x'G5 <
d}n] cfgf] ;flxlTos hLjgdf To:tf u'0f ePsf tLg JolQmTj :juL{o
go/fh kGt, dgbdl0f bLlIft / cDa/ u'?nfO{{ e]6g\ kfPsf] 5' . tL cu|h ;|i6f
lgs} ljfg / enfb\dL ePsfn] >4]o 7fg]/ d]/f] lz/ em'Sg] ub{5 . g]kfndf To:tf
;|i6f d'l:snn] e]l6G5g\\ . pxfFxsf] Jojxf/af6 cg'h k':tfn] w]/} kf7 l;Sg
;S5g\\ .
ljdn clwsf/L
dg' a|fhfsL
sf]nf]/f8f], o'=P;=P=
g]qu~h ^, ;nf{xL
!&@)#)$&$^@
kmf]g M (*$!##)*(@

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47

;u/dfyfsf] f/df ;flxTodo :jfut

/fdk| ; fb kGt
lh/L ofqf d]/f] nflu gf}nf] lyPg,
t/ ef]s d]l6Psf] lyPg .
ef]s lyof] b[Zofjnf]sgsf] / Tof]eGbf a9L lyof]
ldqtfsf], cu|hl;tsf] ;xofqfsf], cfTdLotfsf] clg
xflb{stfsf] .
d efUodfgL 5', o;y{df ls k|zf;g;Da4 d]/f w]/}
;fyL ;flxTosf/ klg 5g\\ . tL ;fyLxn] ha ha
;flxTof]Ggogsf nflu ;xfos l;4 x'g] sd{el" d 5fG5g\,\
{ ljb]z
ta ta d]/f] dg k|km' lNnt x'g] u5{ . d eGg] u5'
hfg] ;fyLx kms{bf ;flxTo lnP/ cfpm . :jb]zsf s'gfsfKrf k'Ug]
;fyLx d h:tf ofqfk|d
] LxnfO{{ klg tQt\ :yfgsf] b[Zofjnf]sg u/fpm .
o:tf] cj;/ d s'g} a]nf kfpg klg ;S5', s'g} a]nf kfpg ;lQmgF . cj;/
gkfpg'df d]/f] ljZjf;sf] e|d, sf/0f aGbf] /x]5 . ;f]Rbf] /x]5
F ' d k|yd >]0fLs}
F ,' bf];f| ,] t];f| ] gDa/sf] ;fyL . To;}n] d e"ne"no} fdf
;fyL x'F . t/ oyfy{df x'bF f] /x]5
k/]/ Xnf;f hfg ;lsgF, snsQf hfg ;lsgF, c;d hfg ;lsgF, adf{ hfg ;lsgF,
a\unfb]z hfg ;lsgF / g]kfnleq}sf sltko e|d0f6f]nLdf klg c6fpg ;lsgF .
o;af6 tL tL 7fpF b]Vg gkfPsf]df dnfO{{ t j~rgf eof] eof], ;Fu;Fu} g]kfnL
;flxTonfO{{ klg a]kmfObf eof] eGg] nfUb}5 dnfO{{ . lsgeg] b]v/] cfPsf] lrq /
cg'el" t cIf/df 9fNg ;lsPg eg] / x]of], ;lsof] dfq eof] eg] To;sf]
;fy{stf /xFbg} . t/ k|Xnfb kf]vn
]| af6 To:tf] x'g kfPg .
bf]nvf lhNnfsf k|lhc ;d]t /x]sf k|Xnfb kf]vn
]| sf] rf;f]df tLglbg] afn;flxTo
;Dd]ng, sf]7] sljuf]i7L -sf]s uf]i7L_ k|ltlnlk clwsf/ sfof{nosf] ;xeflutfdf
k|ltlnlk clwsf/ sfo{zfnf, hgsk'/ c~rn, g]kfnL lzIff kl/ifb\ / efg' lztjflif{sL
;df/f]x ;ldlts]f ;+oQ' m ;xeflutfdf efg' lztjflif{sL ;df/f]xx ;DkGg x'bF f tL
;+:yfxdf d]/f] cfa4tf gePsf] sf/0fn] ;xefuL x'g gkfP klg ;flxlTos
kqsfl/tf;Fu ;Da4 sfo{qmddf rflxF d]/f] gfd 5'6g\ kfPg .
oBlk ldq k|Xnfb kf]vn
]| n] gu]Gb|/fh zdf{, /f]rs l3ld/] / dnfO{{ o;cl3 g}
rl/sf]6df cfdGq0f ug'e
{ Psf] xf], t/ ljljw ;d:of / cj/f]wxn] xfd|f] pkl:ylt
rl/sf]6df x'g ;s]g . df}sf o:tf] h'of] lh/Lsf slj 6]saxfb'/ lh/]n nufotsf
;flxTok|d] Lxf/f cfof]lht ;flxlTos kqsfl/tf ;DaGwL sfo{qmddf sf7df8f}aF f6
cfdlGqt 6f]nLdf tL g/f]/fx g5'6g" \ eGg] kf]vn
]| sf] cg'/f]wnfO{{ df]xg rfkfufO{n
+ ]
:jLsfg'e
{ Psf] sf/0f o; ofqfdf xfdL tLg hgfsf] klg x}l;ot /xg uPsf] xf] .
o;y{df ;flxTosf/ rfkfufO{+ o; ofqfsf ;]t' aGg'ePsf] :jLsfg'k{ b{5 .
48

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df]xg rfkfufO{n
+ ] xfdLnfO{{ ;do lbg'ePsf] lyof] ;f9] afx| ah] aa/dxnl:yt
sf7df8f}F lhNnf cbfntsf] f/df . tf]lsPsf] ;doleq} hDdf eof}F gu]Gb|/fh
zdf{, /f]rs l3ld/], >Lcf]d >]i7 /f]bg, t'n;Lxl/ sf]O/fnf, hob]j e/fO{, dw'
kf7s / d . t/ df]xg rfkfufO{+ jfxg lnP/ cfpg'eof] !M@) df .
lbg lyof] @)&! ;fnsf] ;fpg @ ut] .
k|tLIff ug',{ Tof] klg ;8ssf] k]6Ldf . To;dfly dWolbgsf] 3fd a8f]
sl7g x'bF f] /x]5 w}o{ wf/0f ug{ . wGg af6f] a9fpg] qmddf Pp6f kLkn j[If
hf]luPsf] /x]5, clg kf] 6fpsf] cf]tfpg kfOof] . ;jf afx| ah]bl] v g} ljleGg
lbzfaf6 hDdf x'g yfn]sf xfdLxn] Ps 306f a9L ;do s;/L latfpg] < jg
ljefusf] ejgsf] 5fgf]df df}nfpFb} uPsf] jgdfly b[li6 bf}8fof}F . cf6{ sfplG;nsf]
5fgf]df 3'ld/x]sf k\vfx ;Fu;Fu} b[li6 3'dfof}F . clVtof/sf] ejg eTsfP/
;a}eGbf 7"nf] cfw'lgs z}nLsf] lhNnf cbfnt ejg aGg'sf] /x:o vf]Hof}F .
df]6fO/x]sf ;/sf/L af6fxsf af/]df klg rrf{ uof}F . lkr x'bF } eTsFb} ug{]
af6fxsf] cGt/{x:osf af/]df klg ljj]rgf uof}F t/ ;8sdf u'l8/x]sf cf7
bz l;6] uf8Lxdfly b[li6 ofFSg rflxF 5f8]gf}F cfof] ls Tof] xf] ls < o;/L
sl/a bz j6f uf8Ldf ;Defjgfsf b[li6x k|If]k0f ub{} ubf{ Pp6f 6f]of]6f
Eofgsf] cu|f;gdf b]lvg'eof] df]xg ;/ . ;fFlRrs} df]xgLdo d'vd'bf| df cg'df]lbt
x'ge
' of] df]xg ;/ . s] x'g] xf] < s;f] x'g] xf] < eGg] lljwfu|:t ofqfn] ca lglZrt
ult lng] eof] eg]/ xfdL ;a} v';L eof}F .
cu|f;g df]xg ;/sf nflu ;'/lIft . kfOn6sf] l;6df r]taxfb'/ kf08] .
afFsL l;6df 5l/of}F xfdL . hDdfhDdL gf}hgf af]s/] uf8L u'8o\ f] ;/// . df]xg;/n]
:ki6Ls/0f lbg'eof] x]gf{;
] \ g, hflu/ vfPkl5 afFlwg} kbf{] /x]5 . dGqLn] Pp6f
Odh{G] ;L sfd lbP, h'g sfd g;sL lxF8g\ ;Sg] cj:yf /x]g
d}n] eg]
F xf], pGd'Qm dgl:yltdf /dfpg] Pp6f ;flxTosf/sf nflu hflu/
Uof;RofDa/ h:t} xf] . d t Tof] RofDa/af6 d'Qm ePF, ca tkfO{+ klg rfF8f] rfF8f]
d'Qm x'g;
' \ / v'Nnf cfsfzdf pGd'Qm p8\g;
' \
lh/L d]/fnflu t];f| ] uGtJo . af6f]3f6f] gf}nf] ePg dnfO{{ . cg'ej gofF,
cg'el" t gofF, ult gofF, pNnf; / pd\u gofF, o;}sf] k|tLIffdf /xG5' d .
;flxTodf / z}lIfs kl/j]zdf g} /dfpF5f}F xfdL . /fhgLlts Jo\Uon] klg k|jz
]
kfof] kmf6\6km'66\ . k|d
] n] klg :yfg kfof] Rof6\6r'66\ . k|f1sf / k|f8fsf
ef]sfx, k'/:sf/ / ;Ddfgsf nfnrLx, rf]/L ;flxTo / ldYofk"0f{ ;flxTosf
/rlotfx af/] k}/jL eof] v'n/] .
vfhfsf] v;v; d]6fpg] 7fpF 5fGof}F xfdLxn] vf8Lrf}/ . kfOnf kfOnfdf
kblrXg 5f8]sf kf08]n] xfd|f] efjgfsf] sb/ ub{} uf8L /f]s] 5]p nufP/ .
/fhe08f/L vfhf3/n] :jfut uof] xfdLnfO{{ . vfhf vfFb} ubf{ d}n] afb{nLaf6
lrxfPF ef]6s
] f];LnfO{{ . cxf] 8/ nfUof] dnfO{{ . 8/ d]/f] nflu lyPg, 8/ vf8Lrf}/
ahf/sf nflu lyof], vf8Lrf}/af;Lsf nflu lyof] . ef]6s
] f];Lsf] pn{bF f] e]nn]
/fhe08f/Lsf] 3/sf] hudfq xf]Og c? 3/sf hunfO{{ klg k|xf/ ul//x]sf] lyof] .
pGdQ eP/ dfq} t s]xL lyPg, s'g} a]nf ef]6s
] f];L dbf]GdQ ag]/ af}nfof]] eg] t
k"0ff{ 132

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49

vf8Lrf}/ ahf/sf] Oltxf;} d]l6G5 . s;/L lgl:kmqmL lgbfPsf] 5 s'l' Gg vf8Lrf}/

ahf/
xfdLnfO{{ k"j{ hfgsf/L eO;s]sf] lyof] uf8Ldf xfn]/ lh/L k'ofpg] lhDdf
df]xg rfkfufO{s
+ f], vfhf vr{ cfcfgf] . t/ vfhf vfO;s]/ c?n] vNtL
5fDbf5fDb} gu]Gb| bfOn] xhf/sf] gf]6 lems]/ yDofOxfNg'eof] xf]6n dflnssf]
xftdf . df+;fxf/L / zfsfxf/Lsf] hf]8 36fp ubf{ k|ltJolQm Ps ;osf] b/n]
vfhf vfOP5 .
d}n] ahf/sf] b/efp klg a'g vf]hF] . ;fyLxn] eg] vf;feGbf vf;}
km/s x'bF g} oxfFsf] efp . ==== OG6/k|fOh]hsL alxgLn] cfzfldl>t d':sfg 5f]l8g\
dtkm{ . ;f]w,F] Pp6f Anf\s6] sf] efp . elgg\ df]ndf]nfO{{ gug{] u/L kGw| ;o .
kms{bF f lsGg] lemgf] cfzf 5f8\b} df]6/ r9]/ a9\of}F cufl8 .
lrof vfg] tntn d'9d
] f d]6fpg] lglZrt u/]/ xfdLn] ef]6s
] f];L gfof}F /
7"nf]kfv/sf 8fF8fvf]N;fxdf rSs/ nufpg yfNof}F . d'9s
] f] gfd lng]lalQs}
ljifflb o'Qm t/sf/L / kmnkm"nsf] rrf{ klg p7\of] . sfnLdf6Lsf] ;8sdf
uf]ne]8F f 5bf{ d'9s
] f] cfn' / uf]ne]8F fsf] k/LIf0f eof] ls ePg <
sfnLdf6L t/sf/L ahf/ ;ldltsf cWoIf ;d]t /x]sf s[lif dGqfnosf
;x;lrj df]xg ;/n] k/LIf0f ug{] qmddf gAa] k|ltzt vfg gx'g] ljifflbo'Qm
t/sf/L tyf kmnkm"n e]l6Psf]df d'8s
] f] cfn' ljifflb/lxt ePsf] hfgsf/L u/fpg'
eof] / ;uj{ eGg'eof] d]/f] lhNnf abgfdL x'gaf6 hf]luPsf] 5 .
d'8s
] f] zLtn jfo'sf] :kz{n] xfdLnfO{{ lrof vfg d'8 agfof] . ;fFlRrs}
dL7f] /x]5 ;fPgf ef]hgfnosf] b"wsf] lrof . t/ v'Nb'nL nflu/Xof] ;fPgfn]
lbgvf]hs
] f] cy{ s] xf] <
xfdL dWo]af6} s;}n] hfgsf/L u/fpg' eof] sf7df8f}F lh/L -!** ls=ld_
;8ssf] cfwfcfwLdf 5f}F xfdL .
;do w]/} 5}g xfdL;Fu . a]/ u/]gf}F xfdL cufl8 a9\g . l;Gw' / bf]nvfsf]
ldt]/L f/af6 l5/]bl] v g} l;dl;d kg{ yfNof] kfgL . vl/9'u\ fsf] vfgLdfly u'8b\ }
ubf{ bls{of] a]:;/L .
;Demgf eof] @)$% ;fnsf]
e"sDk kLl8txsf] p4f/df vl6Psf sd{rf/LnfO{{ tna afF8g\ ;/sf/L
uf8L k|of]u u/]/ d rl/sf]6 hfFb} ubf{ k';e
] m/L nfu]sf] lyof] / emdSs cFWof/f]
eO;Sbf vl/9'u\ fsf] To; af6f]df kqkq aGb} lxpF aif{s
] f] lyof] . ghfg]sf]
af6f]df d, d]/f] kl/jf/ / 8fOe/ ljl:dt / eoeLt ePsf lyof}F . t/ 8fOe/n]
a8f] ;fjwfgL;fy lxpFn] pTkGg u/]sf] lrKn]6f] af6f]df dGb ultdf uf8L u'8fP/
rl/sf]6 k'ofPsf lyP .
clxn] eg] Tof] l:ylt 5}g . xfdL vl/9'u\ fsf] e"ld gf3]/ jglt/ k:of}F .
ljleGg j[If jg:kltxn] JofKt To; jgsf vf]N;fxdf 55fpFb} em/]sf]
/ftf]kfgL a8f] c:jfefljs nfUof] dnfO{{ . dleq z\sf plAhof] d}n] b]vs
] f
8fF8f / vf]N;fx xl/ofnLk"0f{ eP klg dfly dflysf] e"ld :vlnt, phf8 /
c;'/lIft xf]nf
50

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rl/sf]6 glhlsb} ubf{ 8fF8fdf 7l8Psf 6fj/ -3/_n] dnfO{{ xs 6fk'sf]

;Demgf u/fPsf] lyof] . slt 8/nfUbf] u/L 7l8Psf oL ejg s;/L lgdf{0f ug{
lbPsf] xf]nf gf} gf} tnfsf 3/x lhNnf k|zf;gn] < ;f]Rb} 5', rl/sf]6sf] df6f]
klg t Tolt alnof] 5}g e"sDk va/ u/]/ t cfpFbg} lg s'ga} n
] f glrtfPsf]
eof] eg] s] xf]nf <
bf]nvfsf k|lhc tyf xfd|f ;flxlTos ldq k|Xnfb kf]v|]n lh/Llt/
nflu;Sg'ePsf] va/ xfdLnfO{{ k|fKt eO;s]sf] 5 . t;y{ xfdL rl/sf]6df cl8g'kg{]
cfjZostf /x]g . xfdL ;ftbf]af6f] -dWoahf/_ gf3]/ pFwf] nfUof}F . ls/ftL5fk
k'u/] uf8Lsf] ult /f]Sg] ;Nnfx eof] xfd|f] . sf/0f, vf8Lrf}/kl5 xfdL P]sflGts
x'g kfPsf lyPgf}F .
a8f] ;'Gb/ 7fpFdf cl8P5f}F xfdL . uhasf] b[Zo b]lvof] ;fd'Gg] . tn tn
6f/ kb{} uPsf] kfvf] v]t, w]/} tn tfdfsf];Lsf] kfl/kl gfDb', cemdfly d}gfkf]v/L,
To;eGbf klg dflykl r'lnPsf] kxf8 / kxf8sf] 6'Kkf]nfO{{ 9kSs 5f]k/] a;]sf]
e'jfbf/ afbn . df]xg;/sf] bfdL df]afOn / dw' kf7ssf] xft s] rflxof] < xfdL
Psn / ;fd"lxs eP/ df]afOnsf s}bL aGb} uof}F . jfx ;'Gb/tfsf] slt j0f{g
ug{] <
tfdfsf];L t/]/, dGynL hfg] af6f] 5f8]/ psfnf] nfUb} ubf{ df]xgjf0fL
lgl:sof] tfdfsf];Lsf] lsgf/}lsgf/ uPkl5 dGynL hfg] dfu{df k5{ d]/f] ufpF
d]n' . tfdfsf];Ls} lsgf/df 5 d]/f] v]t . clxn] klg d cfg} v]tsf] rfdn
vfG5' sf7df8f}F a;]/ .
dnfO{{ af]Ng] af6f] agfOlbg'eof] df]xg ;/n] . eg]
F To:tf] efUodfgL dflg;
t d xf]Og t/ sd pj{/ 5}g d]/f] k}ts
[ hUuf klg . d]/} elthn] sdfP/ vfPsf]
5 k'vf{sf] kf}/vnfO{{ . uPsf] a]nfdf sxfF a;"F s] vfpmF eGg] cj:yf 5}g .
gfDb'lt/ psflnFb} ubf{ Pp6f /x:osf] kf]sf] v'Nof] uhasf] . dgdf nfUof],
Pp6f dflg;n] csf{] dflg;sf] dfgl;s dd{ a'g ;Sg] eP slt ;d:ofx
cfk;df ;dfwfg x'bF f x'g\ k|d
] Lk|l] dsf aLrsf cfk;L rfx a'g ;Sg] eP ljZj
hgdfg;df JofKt slt ;d:ofx lg/fs/0f x'bF f x'g\ w]/} l9nf] u/L kbf{ v'Nof]
t[i0ffsf] . gu]Gb| bfOn] eGg'eof] ofqfnfO{{ cfgGbdo / pNnf;do agfpg
NofPsf] ;f]d/; h:tfsf] t:t} lh/L k'Ug] eof], of kms{/] 3/} k'Ug] xf] ls eGg] 8/
eof] . pkTosf 5f8]kl5 o;/L ljz'4 hn vfP/ ofqf u/]sf] of] d]/f] klxnf] cj;/
xf] .
gu]Gb| bfOsf] efjgf a'g g;s]/ >Lcf]dhL k5'tfpg'eof] nf} a/afb
eof], vf8Lrf}/df vfhf vfFb} ubf{ bfOxsf] ;Ddfgdf cfFr gcfcf];\ eg]/ OR5f
dfl/of] . bfOn] klg s'/f p7fpg'ePg . xfdLn] klg OR5f JoQm ug{ ;s]gf}F . ca
g l;tg 5, g lkpg] efF8f] Sof km;fb
Pskl5 csf{] ufpFa:tLx cfpFb} hfG5g\
\ gfDb', d}gfkf]v/L / vfjf . tL
:yfgxn] :yflkt u/]sf] Oltxf;, e"uf]n / k|sl[ t j0f{g d}n] afx| ;"o{ M ;f]x|
kmGsf] s[ltdf ;dflji6 ul/;s]sf] 5' eg] clxn] bf]xf]ofP/ lsg sfuhsf
kfgfx vr{ u?F / bf]xf]ofP/ k9\g lsg kf7snfO{{ b'Mv lbpF <
k"0ff{ 132

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51

lh/L dfu{sf] ;a}eGbf cUnf] 7fpF vfjf -#@^)ld=_ k'Ubf xfdLnfO{{ hf8f]
dx;'; eof] . prfO;Fu;Fu} l;dl;d kfgL klg k/]sfn] xfdL xNsf Hofs]6 jf
Gofgf n'uf nufpg afWo eof}F . To;kl5 eg] xfdL lh/Lsf nflu cf]xf| nf] nfu]sf
lyof}F t/ cFWof/f] eO;s]sf a]nfdf afSnf] x':;' ylkP/ af6f] laNs'n} gb]lvg]
ePsf] lyof] .
t]n vfg] uf8L t ;a} x'G5g\\ t/ ltvf{ nfu]/ w'jfF 5f8\g] uf8L klg obfsbf
b]lvbf /x]5g\\ . To;} dWo]sf] uf8L k/]5 xfd|f] . p;nfO{{ kfgL lknfpFb} / kmsfpFb}
nu]sf lyP uf8Lsf] syfJoyf a'em]sf ;r]t rfnsn] .
;fFlRr g} rfns r]taxfb'/ kf08]sf] rfn rnfvLk"0f{ ePsfn] xfdLn] lrGtf
ug'k{ g{] cfjZostf b]lvPsf] lyPg . pgn] xfdLnfO{{ ;'/lIft cjt/0f u/fP
]| , slj tyf
xf]6n lh/]n ufljnfsf] k|f\u0fdf . slj tyf k|lhc k|Xnfb kf]vn
k"jk{ f| rfo{ 6]saxfb'/ lh/]n, d'/f/L b'nfn, z]/axfb'/ e'hn
] , lhtaxfb'/ sfsL{, 6
lh/]n, s]z/ lh/]n nufotaf6 xfdL :jfut ul/of}
F /ftsf] gf} ah] .
/ftL klg eO;Sof], ca vfgf vfg} 7Ls xf]nf cfof]hssf] tkm{af6
k|:tfj cfof] vfgf vfOxfNg] / clnslt ysfO d]6g\ ] sfd klg ug{] xf] ls xfd|f
tkm{af6 k|:tfj uof] .
clg s'/f p7\of] kbdrfnsf] . kbdrfn, cyf{t\ kbdrfn gfds hl8a'6L
ldl>t nf]sn dlb/f . Pp6f hu} cfof] 6]an
' df . rf}/+ L lrh el/Psf Kn]6,
kbdrfnsf lunf; / kfgLsf af]tnx afFl8P JolQm JolQmdf . hl8a'6L k|zf]wg
u/]/ kbdrfn tof/ kfg]{ zf]wfyL{ /x]5g\\ xf]6n dflns s]z/ lh/]n . pgL
kbdrfnsf] dfq xf]Og lrh ljz]if1 klg /x]5g\\ . To; ;]/f]km]/f]df pgs} ljz]if1tfn]
nf]slk|otf sfod u/]sf] /x]5 . s;}nfO{{ dL7f] nfUof] kbdrfn, s;}nfO{{ 7Ls}
nfUof] kbdrfn, s;}nfO{{ eg] g xfF;sf] rfn, g s'v/' fsf] rfn nfUof] kbdrfn .
oyfy{df kbdrfnn] nf]sn eOsg klg s;}nfO{{ dTofpg] sfd u/]g .
bz ah]lt/ k|Xnfb kf]vn
]| /fqL lj>fdsf nflu gu]Gb|/fh zdf{ / /f]rs
l3ld/]nfO{{ lnP/ v} s'lGg stf hfg'eof] t/ afFsL xfdLx eg] s[lif ljsf;
s]Gb|sf] cltly sIflt/ nfUof}F .
cltly ejgsf sf]7fxdf d}gaQL aflnPsf] lyof] . kf]n 9n]/ ljB't\ ;]jf aGb
ePsf] /] zf}rfno Pp6f dfq /x]5, Tof] klg hL0f{ cj:yfsf] . ;'Tg'cl3;Dd t wf/fdf
kfgL t't/{' fO/x]sf] lyof], csf{] lbg laxfg t aGb} eP5 . kl/rf/s sf]xL klg lyPgg\ .
wGg Pp6f wf/f] /x]5 aflx/kl rp/df . To;}nfO{{ pkof]u ul/of] . sf/0fjz lah'nL
gx'g' Pp6f s'/f, lh/L ahf/s} tLgj6f vf]N;faf6 alu/x]sf] kfgLsf] ;b'kof]u ug{
]| gu]Gb|/fh zdf{, /f]rs l3ld/]
g;Sg' csf{] s'/f . ;ft aHg kfpFbf gkfpFb} k|Xnfb kf]vn
/ 6]saxfb'/ lh/]n nufotsf ;fyLx cfOk'Ug'eof] ToxL+ . kz' ;]jf sfof{nosf]
sfo{sIfdf a;]/ ljz'4 ufO{sf] b"w ykL ykL vfPkl5 xfd|f] ;d"x d'Vo ahf/d} lgld{t
xf]6n Pe/]i6df k:of] / dxdf rf]k/] ltt]kmfk/sf] /f]6L vfof] .
d}n] v'n/] } eg]F cfdfsf] ofb cfof] dnfO{{ . cfdfn] vfg lbPsf] afx]s d}n]
cGoq kmfk/sf] /f]6L vfg kfPsf] 5}g . cfdf lat]s} gf} jif{ eof] eg] zQm
cj:yfdf pxfFn] ksfP/ v'jfPsf] c? slt jif{ eof] xf]nf
52

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lh/L sfo{qmdsf] Oltj[Q

cf7 ah] sfo{qmd ;'? ug{] / bz ah] ;dfkg ug{] of]hgf /x]5 . sfo{qmd
x'g] 7fpF d'Vo ahf/s} k|m0] 8l;k ;fls; xn . xfdL k'U5f}F ;dod} / sfo{qmd ;'?
x'G5 ;dod} . cToGt v'zL nfU5 dnfO{{ sfo{qmd oyf;dodf / cf}krfl/stf
'
cgf}krfl/stfsf] bf];fFwdf /x]/ ;'? u/]sf]df . ToxfF ;efklt klg lyPg / k|dv
cltly klg lyPg . pb\3f]ifs 6]saxfb'/ lh/]nn] dfOs vf]Nb} eGg'eof] tkfO{x+ sf]
pkl:yltn] lh/Ldf klg ;flxlTos pHofnf] 5l/Psf] dx;'; ePsf] 5 . To;kl5
pxfFn] sf7df8f}aF f6 uPsf cltlyx / k|lhc tyf slj k|Xnfb kf]vn
]| nfO{{
d~rf;Lg u/fpg'eof] . tTkZrft\ dGtJo / /rgf jfrgsf] qmd cufl8 a9\of] .

lh/L ;flxlTos kqsfl/tf uf]i7Lsf ;xefuLx

bf]nvf snf ;flxTo k|lti7fgsf dxf;lrj d'/f/L b'nfn -d[b' d'/f/L_ f/f
;+:yfsf] kl/ro, Go'h PkmPd / kmf]6f] kqsfl/tf;Fu ;Da4 z]/axfb'/ e'hn
] sf]
dGtJo, lht sfsL{sf] kB sljtf, k'0oxl/ bfxfnsf] lh/L s]lGb|t sljtf, l8aL
lh/]nsf] lh/L ;flxTo ;dfh / dem]/L klqsf ;DaGwL rrf{ ;lsPkl5 cltly
dGtJosf] kfnf] cfof] .
;xefuL dWo]s} cu|h ;flxTosf/ Pj+ cleJolQm klqsfsf ;Dkfbs gu]Gb|/fh
zdf{n] cd[tsf] :jfb grfv] klg ;flxTosf] :jfb rfv]sf] 5' eGg] cleJolQm lbFbf
/ /rgf klqsfsf ;Dkfbs /f]rs l3ld/]n] ;flxlTos kqsfl/tfn] ef]Ug'k/]sf kL8f
/ ;/sf/n] b]vfPsf] pbfl;gtfaf/] rrf{ ubf{ ;efxn uDeL/ ePs]f lyof] eg]
pxfFxf/f k|:t't /f]dfl06s sljtfn] rflx+ xn prflnPsf] lyof] .
dw'ks{sf ;Dkfbs >Lcf]d >]i7 /f]bgn] eg] cln a9L ;do lnFb} lj=;+=
!(%% b]lv ;'? ePsf] ;flxlTos kqsfl/tfsf] Oltxf;, ljsf;qmd, ;d:of /
;'emfjxsf af/]df lj:t[t rrf{ ug'e
{ of] . o;}u/L df]xg rfkfO{n
+ ] ljb]lzPsf
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53

o'jfsf af/]df s]lGb|t /x]/ n]lvPsf] sljtf, /fdk|;fb kGtsf] dGtJo / t'n;Lxl/
sf]O/fnfsf] n3'syf jfrgn] klg sfo{qmddf ljljwtf yKg] sfd u/]sf lyP .
cGTodf 6+s lh/]n / uf]kfn lh/]nf/f ;+oQ
' m kdf k|:t't lh/]n uLtkl5
sfo{qmd 7Ls ;dod} ;lsPsf] lyof] .
7f];] e|d0fdf e]l6Psf] 7f]; s'/f
ljho lh/]nsf] Pe]/i6 xf]6ndf vfgf vfO;s]kl5 xfd|f] 6f]nL ljefhg x'g]
dgl:yltdf k'us
] f] lyof] . lxhf] z'qmaf/ clkm;df xflh/ ahfP/ lxF8s
] f hflu/]xnfO{{
ef]ln cfOtaf/ xflh/ ug{ k'Ug' h?/L lyof] . cem l;l8cf] vfg] w'gdf /x]sf df]xg
;/n] sfo{jfxs k|wfgdGqL tyf u[xdGqL jfdb]j uf}tdn] af]nfPsf] ldl6
5'6fpg x'bF } x'bF g} Yof] . To;}n] sf7df8f}aF f6 cfPsf] uf8Ldf r9] df]xg rfkfufO{,+
>Lcf]d >]i7 /f]bg, t'n;Lxl/ sf]O/fnf, hob]j e/fO{ / dw' kf7s . bf]nvfsf
k|lhcsf] uf8Ldf r9\of}
F k|Xnfb kf]vn
|] , gu]Gb|/fh zdf{, /f]rs l3ld/], 6]saxfb'/
lh/]n / d . k|lhcsf kl/r/n] k|Xnfb ;/sf] lk5f g5f8\g] k|Zg} p7]g . ca xfdL
;a}sf] nflu gofF 7fpFsf] ofqf ;'? eof] /fd]5fksf] 7f];] ahf/ .
lh/Lk"js
{ f] af6f] sRrL /x]5 . Tof] af6f] lh/L ahf/af6 clnslt tn cf]n/]{
km]l/ ;fdfGo psfnf] pSn]kl5 s'gu] fpFsf] kfvf]kv]/f] x'bF } k'gM cf]xf| nf] nfUbf]
/x]5 .
cxf] af6f]df slt y'lk|Psf] uhuhL lxnf] s] oxL xf] ;f]nl' t/ hfg] df]6/
af6f] < d}n] cfz\sf JoQm u/]F .

zf/bf pRr df=lj= sf] f/df afofFaf6 ============, uf}td s'df/ >]i7, nIdLnfn >]i7,
6]saxfb'/ lh/]n, gu]Gb|/fh zdf{, k|Xnfb kf]v/]n, /f]rs l3ld/], /fdk|;fb kGt,
eujfg sfsL{, Zofdnfn k|wfg, ============ nufot
54

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oxL t xf] k|Xnfb ;/sf] hjfkm /Xof] .

clg a; rN5 t o:tf] af6f]df <
lsg grNg', b]lvxfNg' x'G5 lg ;/n] clxNo} .
d}n] kfPsf] pQ/ oxL lyof] .
eGbf geGb} 9nknfpFbf] ultdf w'jfFsf] d'Znf] 5f8\b} cfO/x]sf] b]lvof] a; .
af6f]sf] ult b]v/] k|Xnfb kf]vn
]| sf] dg efFl8Psf] lyof] 7f];a] f;Lxn]
o:tf] af6f]nfO{{ s;/L /fd|} 5 eg] < l;l8cf]sf] uf8L / cg'ejL rfns eP/ kf]
rn]sf] 5, gq t ====== sf7df8f}F kms{g] ;fyLxn] klg otf cfpg] rfxgf u/]sf
eP Tof] uf8L oxL+ km:Yof] jf kms{GYof] ot}af6 .
s'g} 7fpF t wfg /f]Kgsf nflu ;Dofpg 7Lss kf/]sf] v]tsf] ux|f] h:tf]
b]lvGYof] df]6/sf 6fo/n] hf]t/] lr/flr/f k/]sf] af6f] . af6f]el/ lxnf]sf] k;f/f]
b]v/] rfns;Fu} cu|f;gdf a;]sf k|Xnfb ;/sf] af]nL Psl5g\ t aGb g} ePsf]
lyof] . t/ ha rfns hgs sfsL{n] x]lnsf]K6/ p8fPem}F NofG8qm'h/ p8fP/ kf/
nufP, clg kf] unnn xf:of}F xfdL . To;kl5 t NofG8qm'h/sf] gfd} x]lnsf]K6/
/Xof] . dnfO{{ ;Demgf eof] ;'vt]{ af6 h'Dnf p8\bfsf] . tLj|ju] ;Fu cfPsf]
x'/LnfO{{ lrb{} ha ljdfg afbnleq cGwfw'Gb p8]sf] lyof], To;a]nf kfOn6n] an
nufP/ ljdfgsf] :6]l/nfO{{ cfgf] sfa'df /fv]sf lyP . t/ ha cfgf] ana'tfn]
s]xL grNg] b]vk] l5 kfOn6n] ljdfgnfO{{ df]8/] hxfFaf6 p8fPsf lyP ToxL+
cf]xf| n] . dh:t} cGo ofq'xsf] /f]lsPsf] Zjf; ljdfg cjt/0fkl5 k'gM rNg
yfn]sf] lyof] .
o;a]nf eg] df]6/df a:g]nfO{{ dl/xfnf}n
F f eGg] 8/ 5}g . t/ rfnssf]
rnfvLk"0f{ xFsfO{ b]v/] x]lnsf]K6/ p8fPsf] pkdf lbFb} 5f}F xfdL . clg dflyaf6
l;dl;d k/]sf] kfgL b]v/] 7"nf] gcfOlbP x'GYof], ;lhn} kmls{g kfP x'GYof] eGg]
hkgf ub{} 5f}F xfdL .
af6f]sf] s'gf s'gfdf y'kfl/Psf] u|fa]n b]v/] e|ldt x'bF } lyof] d]/f] dg . eGb}
lyPF avf{ nfUg'cl3 of] u|fa]n af6fdfly 5l/lbPsf] eP t af6f]sf] k
olt;fx|f] s'k x'g] lyPg xf]nf lg
lvDtL vf]nflt/ cf]xf| nf] nfu]kl5 clnslt cf]efgf] / 9'u\ n
] f] af6f] ;'?
eof] . lvDtLdflysf] /:gfn' k'naf6 /fd]5fk lhNnfdf k|jz
] u/]kl5 d km]l/ Ps
k6s bf]wf/df k/]
F o;tkm{sf] af6f] olt /fd|f] s;/L eof] <
ptf g]kfn ;/sf/sf], otf Pl8aLsf] . x'g] g} eof] lg olt /fd|f] k|Xnfb
;/sf] hjfkm kfPF . t/ nfh nfUof] dnfO{{ . ;/sf/sf] sfdsf] ckl/kSjtfk|lt
Pp6f ;r]t gful/ssf] nfh klg t hf]l8Psf] x'G5 lg To:t} eof] dnfO{{ .
kfgLsf] aufO;Fu} lvDtLsf] tL/}tL/ blIf0f nfUg] xf] eg] dGynL . t/ clxn] xfdL
pQ/ nfUb}5f}F .
oxfFaf6 rf/ lsnf]ld6/ 7f];] ahf/ / To;kl5sf] %& lsnf]ld6/ afDtLe08f/ .
af6f] cem cufl8 a9\b5
} u'Db]n;Dd . lnv' vf]nfdfly k'n aGof] eg] df]6/af6f]n]
;f]n' 5'g5
] / ;Nn]/Ltkm{ nDsg] 5 o;} eGb} lyP bf]nvfnL e"lddf hGd]sf /
To; If]qsf kbofqL hgs sfsL{ .
k"0ff{ 132

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55

s'/} s'/fdf xfdL k'u5

] f}F 7f];] d]Srgl:yt zf/bf dfljsf] u]6df . !# lsnf]ld6/
af6f] kf/ ug{ xfdLnfO{{ 7Ls Ps 306f nfu]5 . zf/bf pRr dflj / zf/bf]bo
ax'dv
' L SofDk; ;~rfns ;ldltsf ;b:ox, cWofksx nufot k|frfo{
eujfg\ sfsL{af6 xfdLx :jfut ul/of}F . :jfut ul/g] cu|k\lQmdf x'gx' G' Yof]
/f]rs l3ld/] . To;f] x'gd
' f Pp6f d'Vo sf/0f lyof]
l3ld/]sf k':tf /fd]5fk ulx/fyf]ssf . !((@ ;fn j}zfv ! ut] ;fn'
wf/fkfgLdf kf7zfnf :yfkgf ePkl5 ulx/fyf]s] kl08t ;f]dgfy l3ld/] lzIfsdf
lgo'Qm x'ge
' of] . kf7zfnf /x]sf] 7fpF ;f]dgfysf nflu 3/ kfos kg{] eP klg
pko'Qmtf / hgrfxgfsf] b[li6n] kf7zfnf 7f];d
] f x'gk' g{] b[li6sf]0f ;f]dgfy
l3ld/]sf] /Xof] . To;sf/0f 7f];s
] f uGodfGo JolQmx alxbf/ kmQ]axfb'/
k|wfg / l87\7f eQmaxfb'/ sfsL{ nufot :yfgLoaf;Laf6 lgj]bg xfNg nufOof] .
nfdf] k|of;kl5 !((% df 7f];d
] f ;f] kf7zfnf ;fg{] ;/sf/L :jLs[lt k|fKt eof] .
kf7zfnf ;fbf{ 7f] ; ] d f ljBfno ejg lyPg . To;sf/0f 7f]; ]sf]
kmnfdvfgLaf6 sRrf kmnfd NofP/ aGb's nufot cGo 3/]n' ;fdfgx
pTkfbg ug{] Hof;nsf] Ps 5]pdf kf7zfnf :yfkgf u/L k+ ;f]dgfys} cWofkgdf
ljBfno ;~rfng x'g yfNof] . kf7zfnfsf] cfg} ejg rflxF !((* df dfq
aGof] .
/f]rs l3ld/] Pp6f /f]rs k|;\u ;'gfpFb} x'gx' G' Yof] xfdLnfO{{ ;f]dgfy
l3ld/] To; If]qsf Pp6f k|ltli7t kl08t / ;flxTosf/ ;d]t ePsfn] ToxL+
a:bfa:b} pxfFn] !((( ;fndf Pp6f do"/Wjh wfld{s gf6s n]vL g]efk|;af6
5kfpg' klg eof] . t/ pxfFn] /rgf u/]sf sljtf uf]/vfkqdf k7fpFbf 5flkPgg\ .
kl08t l3ld/]n] Pp6f h'lQm lgsfNg'eof] 3/kl eQmaxfb'/ sfsL{sL 5f]/L
dw'wf/f sf] gfdaf6 pgs} x:tfIf/df sljtf k7fpg yfn]kl5 km6fkm6 5flkg
yfNof] . To;a]nfsf zf/bf / uf]/vfkqsf ;Dkfbsx l;l4r/0f, ejfgL leIf',
k|d
] /fh nufotn] kq n]vL dw'wf/fnfO{{ e]6g\ ] dg;'jf klg /fv] /] t/ dw'wf/fn]
cfkm" ljjflxt eO;s]sf] / 3/ 5f]8L lxF8g\ cg'dlt gldNg] s'/f kqaf6 hfgsf/L
u/fPkl5 e]6g\ ] s'/f cufl8 a9]g /]
/f]dflG6s s'/f ;'g/] /f]dfl~rt eof}F xfdL ;a} . d}n] ;f]r,F] cflv/ k'?if} t
xf] . lxhf]sf] l;l4, ejfgL / k|d
] , h] eg] klg cfhsf cd's cd'sx p:t} p:t}
t x'g\ . cfhsf] lxhf] klg rNbf] /x]5, cfh klg rln/x]sf] 5 / kl5 klg rln g}
/xg] 5 . cflv/ k|sl[ tsf pkh t xf}F xfdL dfgj .
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)@! df dflj, )^@ df pRr dflj / )^% df SofDk;df kl/0ft x'bF } ljBfnon]
@)&) df :j0f{jif{ dgfPsf] ;'Gbf xfdL cToGt v';L eof}F .
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dgfpFbf tTsfnLg ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/dGqL dfwjk|;fb kf}8n
] sf] xftaf6 7f];]
kf7zfnfsf ;+:yfks / cWofkssf kdf k+= ;f]dgfy l3ld/] Jof;nfO{{ d/0ff]k/fGt
;Ddfgkq ck{0f ul/g] / lktfs} kfOnf k5\ofpFb} tLg jif{sf] pd]/df -@))!
;fndf_ 7f];] k'us
] f h]i7 ;'kq' /f]rs l3ld/]nfO{{ ;f] ;Ddfgkq ;'Dkg] sfo{qmd
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rfxgf ePsf]n] xfdLnfO{{ ;d]t of] ;f}efUo k|fKt ePsf] .
rf/}tkm{ cUnf kxf8n] 3]l/Psf] lvDtL lsgf/sf] ;'Gb/ kmfF6df kof{Kt e"ld
cf]u6]/ /x]sf] Tof] ljBfno ;fFlRrs} gd"gfof]Uo nfUof] dnfO{{ .
sl/a cfwf 306f ljBfno sIfdf a;]kl5 xfdL 7f];] ahf/tkm{ lgl:sof}F .
l;utL kxf8sf] ue{df /x]sf] g]kfns} bf];f| ] 7"nf] kmnfd vfgL k'Ug 5;ft
lsnf]ld6/ k}bn lxF8g\ k' bf{] /x]5 . To;} kxf8nfO{{ d"n ;|ft] agfP/ cf]ns
]{ f] 7f8f]
] f
3]vf]nfn] l;Gr]sf] 7f];k] mfF6 pj{/ b]lvGYof] . xfdL To;} vf]nfsf] ;lGgs6 k'us
lyof}F / ToxL+g/] e]l6Psf] lyof] Hof;n 3/ . hxfF s'g} a]nf kmnfd kufn]/
sflnu9xn] aGb's nufot 3/fo;L k|of]udf cfpg] kmnfd] efF8fx agfpFy] .
b}lgs ( j6f aGb's clgjfo{ kdf agfOGYof] / k8\sfP/ k|dfl0ft ul/GYof] . ;'Gb}
lyPF, 7f];] ahf/l:yt bf]nvf/fd]5fk hf]8g\ ] lvDtL k'n / /fd]5fk;f]nn
' fO{{
hf]8g\ ] lnv' gbLdflysf k'nsf n7\7fx ToxL Hof;nsf pTkfbg x'g\ /] h\uaxfb'/
a]nfO{taf6 kms{k] l5 lemsfPsf] g]b/Nof08df lgld{t kmnfd k|zf]wg d]lzg clxn]
klg Hof;n 3/sf] k|f\u0fdf cnkq cj:yfdf b]lvGYof] .
ToxfFaf6 xfdL 3]vf]nfsf] km8\s] t/]/ kfl/kl uof}F / kl08t ;f]dgfy l3ld/]
8]/f u/L a;]sf] eQmaxfb'/ sfsL{sf] 3/df k'Uof}F . /f]rs bfOnfO{{ klg ;\st] ub{}
d}n] gdg u/]F tL k"Hokfb a;]sf] 3/nfO{,{ h'g 3/df clxn] e'jg sfsL{ a:bf
/x]5g\\ .
Ps 306f lalt;s]sf] lyof] 7f];d
] f . /, xfdL kms{g] ljrf/ ub{} lyof}F . t/
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n}hfg'eof] lxn6k /]i6'/fFdf / v'jfpg' eof] df+zfxf/LnfO{{ df+zfxf/ / zfsfxf/LnfO{{
zfsfxf/ .
s'n 8]9 306f latfP/ xfdL kmls{of}F ToxL af6f], ToxL ultdf / lh/L
le8\lsof}
F lh/L 5f8]sf] 7Ls tLg 306fdf .
lh/Lsf] ;] / f] k m] / f]
casf] kfnf] lh/LZj/ dxfb]j bz{gsf]] .
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F f,
klxnf] bz{g lh/LZj/sf] .
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e08f/df /dfPsf lh/Laf;LnfO{{ lh/LZj/ If]qsf] k|fs[lts dgf]xfl/tfn] s] cy{
/fV5 < ;dfh;]jL egL sxlnPsf lh/Laf;L w]/} lh/]n aGw'x cem k'us
] f 5}gg\
/] To; 7fpFdf .
cln j/} 8fF8f]df uf8L c8\ofP/ xfdL lxF8b\ } uof}F vf]N;f]tkm{ . To; e]udf
nufOPsf ;Nnfx ;lk|P/ cfsfz} 5'n
F fh:tf] ub}{ lyP . vf]N;f]g/] k'Ubf kfgL
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gfds/0f ul/lbg'eof] lh/LZj/ vf]nf .
Tof] vf]nf tg{l] alQs} cfOxfNof] lh/LZj/ dxfb]j .
sxfF x'g' / dlGb/ sf]lk|Psf] rfg kf] /x]5 . ;fFRr} g} uhasf] lyof]
rfgd'lg nflDrPsf] cf]8f/ . s'g} a]nf ufO{n] y'gaf6 b"w v;fn]/ r9fpg] u/]sf]
9'u\ f ToxL cf]8f/leq /\luP/ a;]sf] lyof] k'lhPsf] lyof] . t/ /}yfg] k'hf/L
sf]xL lyPg . bfofFafofF lqz"nxsf] uf/t lyof], Wjhf ktfsfx kmkm{/fO/x]sf
lyP . xfdLn] lg/fsf/ lzjsf] bz{g uof}F / kmSof}F{ .
uf8L /f]lsPsf] 7fpFdfly Pp6f ;;fgf] 6x/f] lyof] . 6]s;/n] eGg'eof]
lxpFb ofddf lkslgs klg vfOG5 oxfF . kfgLsf] wf/f] klg 5 . s'g} c;'ljwf
5}g .
t/ cfh d]/f] gh/df eg] 7fpF 7fpFdf o'jf hf]8L b]lvFb} lyP . hgs sfsL{n]
d'v vf]lnxfn] lxpFbsf] lkslgs :k6, c? a]nfsf] k|0fo s6]/L .
3t nfu]5 pgsf] egfO . ;a} xf:of}F unnn .
k'gM lh/L ahf/ kms{bF f ck/fXg tLg ah]sf] lyof] .
xf]6n Pe]/i6df k;]/ slkm vfPkl5 xfdL cf]ln{of}F s[lif kmfd{lt/, k|Xnfb
;/sf] bf];f| ] k|fyldstf a\u/' kmfd{ . hDdfhDdL @# j6f a\u/' dWo] Pp6f
dfq efn] -jL/_ /x]5 . afFsL ;a} kf]yL, cyf{t\ e'gL . ;k|s
] f df]6f3f6f v}/f] /sf
lyP e'gLx . t/ jL/ ;fdfGo sfnf] /sf] lyof] / ;fFlRrs} jL/ eGg ;'xfpg]
vfnsf] lyof] . To:tf] nfos jL/ d}n] cGoq b]vs
] f] lyOgF .
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gf/fo0flx6L xTofsf08kl5 b/af/df ePsf sl/a Ps ;o ufO{x lh/L
k7fOPsf /x]5g\\ . lh/Ldf df}hb' cGo ufO;d]t u/L To;a]nf ufO{sf] ;\Vof 8]9
;o k'us
] f] lyof] /] kfNg g;s]kl5 s]xL ufO{x lnnfd ul/of] /] clxn] eg]
ufO{sf] ;\Vof gAa] dfq /x]5 . t/ x]?F x]?F nfUg] nfos ufO{ ToxfF Pp6f klg
b]lvPg .
lh/Lsf] o; dgf]/d pkTosfaf6 df]lxt eP/ :jL; ;/sf/n] s[lif kmfd{ /
lrh sf/vfgf vf]lnlbof] . k|fljlws ljBfno :yfkgf ul/lbof] / af6f] agfOlbof] .
] g';f/ ljsf; klg ug{
t/ xfdLn] To;nfO{{ /fd|f;
] uF ;+/If0f ug{ ;s]gf}F / ;f]rc
;s]gf}F .
6]saxfb'/ lh/]nn] cfgf] ;Dk"0f{ hLjg ck{0f u/]sf] ljBfno t x]g}{ afFsL
5 . ToxL+ lgs6d} hlGdP/, ToxL ljBfnodf cIf/ lrg]/, @)@( df dfWolds
:t/sf] k9fO ;s]/ cGoqaf6 pRr lzIff xfl;n u/L k'gM To;} ljBfnodf
cWofkg ;'? u/]sf lh/Lk'q lh/]nn] #% jif{ k9fP/, !! jif{ k|frfo{ eP/ ut jif{
cjsfz lng'ePsf] /x]5 . To:tf JolQmnfO{{ To; ljBfnok|lt slt dfof xf]nf
t clg ;flxTok|lt slt 7"nf] cle?lr g]kfnL ;flxTosf] slt ulx/f] cWoog
;flxTosf/k|lt slt 7"nf] cfb/ ;Ddfg pxfFn] kl5 kmf]gdf eGg'ePsf] lyof]
lh/Lsf] ;flxlTos kqsfl/tf uf]i7L / ;flxTosf/xnfO{ 7f];] e|d0f u/fPsf]af/]
58

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{ of]
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lh/L ahf/ gk'Ub} xf68fF8f -dfg]8fF8f_ df @)!& ;fndf :yfkgf ePsf]
lh/L dflj @)%! df pRr dfljdf kl/0ft ePsf] /x]5 / To; ljBfnosf] :j0f{
dxf]T;j @)^& ;fndf ;DkGg x'bF f /fi6klt /fdj/0f ofbj ;/sf/L x]lnsf]K6/
r9]/ ToxfF k'us
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] f 5f}F .
r9]/ To; 7fpFdf k'us
b'O{ ;o /f]kgL eGbf a9L If]qkmn cf]u6]/ a;]sf] To; ljBfnosf] sDkfpG8
leq lhNnfs} ;a}eGbf 7"nf] ;ef xn, lhNnfs} ;a}eGbf 7"nf] km'6an u|fpG8,
k':tsfno / cltly sIfx /x]5g\\ . gu/kflnsf aGgsf nflu dfkb08 adf]lhd
Pp6f u|fpG8 x'g} kg{] k|fjwfgnfO{{ o;} ljBfnon] k"/f ul/lbPsf] x'bF f lgs6
eljiodf g} lh/L, dfnL / 7"nf] kftfn uflj; ;d]6/] gu/kflnsf aGg] lglZrt
ePsf] s'/f atfpFb} x'gx' G' Yof] k|Xnfb ;/ .
To;}an
] f xfdL al;/x]sf] sIfsf] leQf]df Pp6f tl:j/ 6fFluPsf] b]lvof] .
kf]v/]nL ;flxTosf/ tLy{/fh clwsf/Lsf] .
s;/L 6fFlug k'Uof] of] kmf]6f] < d}n] ;f]lwxfn]F .
d]/f] lh1f;f d]6fpFb} To;} ljBfnosf k"jk{ f| rfo{ 6]s ;/n] eGg'eof] o;
ljBfnosf k"jc
{ Wofks tyf o; ljBfnoaf6 @)#^ ;fndf lg:s]sf] em'Nsf
klqsfsf klxnf ;Dkfbs tLy{/fh clwsf/L x'gx' G' Yof] . To;} eP/ @)^& ;fnsf]
:j0f{ dxf]T;jsf] cj;/df ;DdfggLo /fi6kltaf6 pxfFnfO{{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf]
lyof] .
cfg} k|lti7fgsf pkfWoIf ofbj e/fO{sf gftf;DaGwL ;d]t /x]sf
clwsf/Lsf] xf:oJo\Uo ;\ux| -em6f/f]_sf] ljdf]rg bfloTj jf\do k|lti7fgaf6
ePsf] s'/f ;'gfpg kfP/ k|;Ggtfaf]w eof] dnfO{{ klg .
;"of{:t x'g yfln;s]sf] lyof], xfdL ljBfno kl/;/af6 lgl:sof}F / uf8L
r9]/ lh/L ahf/l:yt xf]6n Pe]/i6 kmls{of}F .
xf]6n Pe/]i6sf] 5fgf]df e]l6Psf] lh/L
wtL{df ;GWof cf]ln{g c? s]xL ;do afFsL 5 . oxL df}sfdf xfdL ;jf{R] r lzv/
Pe/]i6 r9\g g;s] klg xf]6n Pe/]i6 lsg gr9\g] < /, lh/Lsf] rf}tkmL{ b[Zo lsg gx]g] { <
6]s ;/sf] k|:tfj /Xof] . To; df}sfsf] b'?kof]u ug{] b':;fx; s;}n] u/]gf}F .
cxf lh/L x]gs
{ f nflu w/x/f lsg rflxof] < ;fFRr} g} eLd;]g :tDeaf6
sf7df8f}F zx/ b]lvP h:t} b]lvof] lh/L If]q . 6]s ;/, 6 lh/]n / xf]6n dflns
ljho lh/]n ;d]tn] kfn}kfnf] u/L kl/ro u/fpg' eof] lh/Lsf] rf}tkmL{ b[ZonfO{{ .
blIf0ftkm{ b"/:y kxf8 b]lvof] /fd]5fksf] tfd]8fF8f . To;kl5 xfdL bflxg]
k|blIf0ff ub{} uof}F .
pm===== otf klZrdkl xg'dGt] 8fF8f . To; 8fF8fsf] kNnf] 5]pdf ;]tLb]jL
/ jNnf] 5]pdf sfnLb]jLsf] dlGb/ 5 . otf pQ/tkm{sf] cUnf] 8fF8f r]b{' . o;
8fF8fsf] bflxg]tkm{ ;]tLb]jL tyf afofFtkm{ 9'u\ Z] j/ uf]nf]sZ] j/sf] dlGb/ 5 .
6]s ;/n] kmfF6jf/L nufpg' eof] .
k"0ff{ 132

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xf]6n Pe/]i6sf] 5fgfdf afFofaf6 qmdzM 6]saxfb'/ lh/]n, /fdk|;fb kGt,

/f]rs l3ld/], k|Xnfb kf]v/]n, gu]Gb|/fh zdf{, 6+s lh/]n

r]b'{ 8fF8fsf] lzv/ d'lg 6f/ k/]sf] vs{tkm{ O\lut ub{} 6]s ;/n] k'gM
eGg'eof] ToxfF kGw|j6f rf}F/L uf]7 5g\\ / k|To]s uf]7df !*@) j6f rf}F/L
kflnPsf 5g\\ . ToxL+g]/ 6lNsPsf] ;]tf] h:tf lrh sf/vfgfsf] 5fgf] xf] .
clxn] xfdL ToxfF hfg ;Qm}gf}F . glhs} b]lvP klg ;f9] b'O{ 306f nfU5 ToxfF
k'Ug . r]b'{ 8fF8f] lh/Lsf] tfh xf] . o; kxf8nfO{{ kfFrlt/af6 dfnL, Zofdf,
;'/L, ofk' / lh/L uflj;n] 3]/]sf 5g\\ . To;sf] sDd/af6 pb\ud ePsf
kfgLsf tLgj6f wf/ lqz"n ag]/ k|jflxt ePsf 5g\\ . clg lh/L ahf/nfO{{
pGb} k'R5f/df k'u]/ cfk;df ldn]sf 5g\\ / ;+o'Qm gfd ePsf] 5 lh/L
vf]nf .
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pkNnf] tfdfsf];L k'Ug ;lsG5 . d uPsf] 5' Tof] af6f] . rf/ ;o rfOlgh /
emG8} afx| ;o g]kfnL sfdbf/ sfo{/t 5g\\ ToxfF . tL Psn rfOlgh o'jfxn]
g]kfnL r]nLxdfly u/]sf of}g b'Jo{jxf/sf ph'/Lx kl//xG5g\\ l;l8cf] sfof{nodf .
c?eGbf oxL g} 6fpsf] b'vfO ePsf] 5 xfdLnfO{{ .
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b]lvG5g\\ .
60

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kf]h kf]hdf kmf]6f]x lng'eof] .
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lyPg To;a]nf . ;f]x| a]nfO{tL / k}tF L; g]kfnL u/L PsfpGg hgfsf] 6f]nL sl/a
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slt k|ltzt xf]nfg\ lh/]nx lh/Ldf <
sl/a %) k|ltzt .
lh/]n cflv/ s] x'g\ <
lh/]n ls/fFtj+zL x'g\ . tLg efO k'vf{ dWo] Ps efO ;'gsf];Lsf] lsgf/lt/
a:g yfn], tL ;'gj' f/ eP . csf{ efO ;'/Ldf uO{ a:g yfn], tL ;'/n
] eP . t];f|
efO lh/L cfP/ a:g yfn], tL lh/]n eP .
lh/L gfd s;/L /Xof] xf]nf tkfO{s
+ f] ljrf/df <
lh/]n efiffdf lhu\ sf] cy{ x'G5 hLjhGt' / /L sf] cy{ x'G5 3gf
h\un . cyf{t\ oxfF ;j{ky| d lh/]nx a:bf ljljw hLjhGt' ePsf] 3gfh\un
lyof] .
lh/]n efiffsf] lnlk s] xf] < lh/]n efiffdf lstfa k|sflzt ePsf 5g\\ ls
5}gg\ <
lnkL b]jgfu/L g} xf] . cnUu} lnlk lyof] eg] klg xfdLnfO{{ yfxf 5}g .
hxfF;Dd lstfa k|sfzgsf] s'/f 5, xfdLnfO{{ yfxf ePsf] lh/]n efiffsf] k|yd
;[hgf @)#) ;fnlt/ ;'dgs[i0f lh/]nsf] sljtf xf] .
lh/]nx slt ;DkGg 5g\\ <
;DkGg eGbf klg ;f]emf / kl/>dL 5g\\ . g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts Oltxf;df
G rsf{pg] yfkf / kfF8] ePh:t} bf]nvf xNnfpg] pk|t] L / v8\sf x'g\ . t/
bf]nvf/Tg eGg ;'xfpg] g]kfnL sfFu;
]| ;Fu ;Da4 eLdaxfb'/ tfdf klg o;}
df6f]df hlGdP, g]skf Pdfn];uF ;Da4 cfb/of]Uo OGb|axfb'/ v8\sf klg o;}
e"lddf hlGdP . o;y{ uj{ ug{ nfos 5 of] lhNnf . t/ lh/]n ;d'bfo w]/} dfly
p7\g ;s]sf] 5}g . Ps hgf zflGt lh/]n dfq ;ef;b eP . 8f= jnsaxfb'/
lh/]n / 8f= ;l/tf lh/]n 8fS6/ kbjL lng ;kmn ePsf 5g\\ . ;'dg lh/]n,
uf]kfn lh/]n, 6\s lh/]n / s'df/ lh/]nx k|fWofkg k]zfdf ;+nUg 5g\ .
lh/]nxsf] cflwSo ePsf] lh/L / rl/sf]6df olt km/s 5 rl/sf]6df /x]sf
rf/j6f PkmPd dWo] tLgj6f kf6L{sf] 5fk nufOPsf jf0fLkq ag]sf 5g\\ . t/
k"0ff{ 132

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61

lh/Ldf /x]sf] Pp6f dfq PkmPd ;a}sf] ;femf ePsf] 5 . oxfF xfdLdWo] s'g} s'g
kf6L{sf xf}n
F f, s'g} s'g kf6L{sf . t/ ljsf; lgdf{0fsf] dfldnfdf sf]xL s'g}
kf6L{sf x'bF g} f}F . ca t xfdL Pp6} 3/df ljleGg kf6L{sf em08f 78\ofP/ a:g]
kIfdf kf] k'us
] f 5f}F .
;'Gb/ nfUof] 6]saxfb'/ ;/sf] ljrf/ . x[bo:kzL{ nfUof] kf6L{ kf6L{aLrsf]
cGt;{DaGw .
bf];f| ] /ft eg] xfdLn] xf]6n Pe/]i6d} latfof}F . lxhf]sf] t'ngfdf cfhsf]
/fqL lj>fd a9L ;'ljwfhgs /Xof] .
ca kms{g] kfnf]
kms{g] lbg cyf{t\ ;fpg $ ut] laxfg p7]/ xfdL lh/L ahf/sf] kNnf] 5]p
ln\sg ahf/ k'Uof}F / OR5fg';f/ :jL; k|ljlwf/f lgld{t lrh, 5'kL{ / lrofkQLx
lsGof}F . lxhf]sf] cTolws cfltYo u|x0fn] gf:tf vfg klg ?lr ePg xfdLnfO{{ .
t;y{ xfdLn] lkmSsf lrof dfq vfof}F / dfOqmf] a;sf] kvf{Odf a:of}F .
Ps}l5g\ kl5 ;fj{hlgs ;'gj' fO{sf] sfo{qmd ePsf]n] k|Xnfb kf]vn
]| xfdL;Fu}
kms{g ;Sg'ePg . t/ cfkm"n] af]nfPsf] ldqd08nLsf nflu dfOqmf] a;sf
tLgj6f l;6 cf/lIft ul/lbg'eof] . o;sf] d"No slt lyof] Tof] klg xfdLnfO{{ yfxf
ePg / xfd|f] cfltYo lglDt sf] s;n] s] slt d"No r'sfpg'eof] Tof] klg xfdLnfO{{
yfxf ePg .
/fdbfO eg]/ ;Daf]wg ul/Gy] dfOqmf] rfns, t/ pgsf] k"/f gfd yfxf
ePg . pgsf] rfn ;Gt'lnt lyof] . k]6sf] ;d:ofn] d]/f] lkmtL{ ofqf pNnf;do
aGg ;s]g . l;l8cf]sf dflg; eg]/ xf]nf, ;d:of cjut u/fpFbf pgn] emsf{]
gdfgLsg ;d:of lg/fs/0f ub{} /x] .
d ts{gf ub{} lyPF Ajfon/nfO{{ nf]snsf] cfxf/f lsg kRYof] ;DemFb}
lyPF 5 dlxgfsf] 5f]/fnfO{{ zx/af6 ufpF n}hfFbf kfgL gk/]sf], gf}gL glgsfn]sf]
ljz'4 b"w vfg lbFbf 8fOl/of ePsf] . d klg t ca To:t} Ajfon/ eO;s]5
F ' lg
lxhf]sf] b"w, rLh / kmfk/sf] /f]6L krfpg ;lsgF / t cfh of] b'ul{ t eof] .
cf7 ah] dfOqmf] r9]sf xfdL !)M#) df rl/sf]6, ! ah] vf8Lrf}/, !M#)
df bf]nfn3f6, # ah] w'lnv]n x'bF } $ ah] sf7df8f}F lelqof}F . lbge/ afbn /
kfgLn] gb]lvPsf ;"o{ pkTosf k|jz
] u/]kl5 b]lvP . sf]6Z] j/af6 5'lg'eof]
/f]rs bfO, uf}/L3f6af6 5'lg'eof] gu]Gb| bfO .
lgjf;df k'uk] l5 d}n] emf]nf vf]nF] . emf]nfleq y'k}| kf]sfx lyP lrhsf]
kf]sf], lrofsf] kf]sf], 5'kL{sf] kf]sf], ;Ddfg -vfbf_ sf] kf]sf], lh/L pRrdfljsf]
em'Nsfsf] kf]sf], lh/Lsf] dem]/Lsf] kf]sf], rl/sf]6sf] la;f}gLsf] kf]sf], sfln~rf]s
;Gb]zsf] kf]sf] / zf/bf pRrdflj 7f];s
] f] :j0f{hoGtL :dfl/sfsf] kf]sf] . c?
vf]tNb} uPF, ;a}eGbf 7"nf] kf]sf] t lh/L7f];l] dl>t bf]nvfjf;Lsf] ckf/ dfofsf]
kf]sf] kf] /x]5
rfalxn, sf7df8f}+
kmf]g M (*$!%@^)!&
5
62

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sljtf d'Qms / uLtsf lqj]0fL /Tg zdz]/ yfkf

/f] l d/]
/Tg zdz]/ yfkfn] nf]slk|o uLtsf/sf] kdf cTolws
k|l;l4 sdfPsf 5g\ . t/ pgsf] kl/ro Toltdfq xf]Og .
pgL bou|fxL d'Qmssf ;kmn ;h{s / ljrf/f]Qh
] s sljtfsf
;Ifd lzNkL klg x'g\ . o;/L x]bf{ /Tg zdz]/ sljtfd'Qms
/ uLtsf lqj]0fL x'g\ . sfJosf oL tLg cf]6} knfO{ cfgf]
;[hgzLntfsf] hnkn] l;+uf/]/ kf7s>f]tfdfem k:s]/
nf]slk|otf sdfpg] ;dy{jfg\ ;|i6f x'g\ /Tg zdz]/ .
lj=;+=!((^ df hGd]sf /Tg zdz]/ !# jif{sf] 5Fb} ;flxTodf
uLtsf/
/dfpg yfn]sf x'g\ . pgsf] ;j{ky| d k|sflzt ;[hgf rflx+ /Tgsljzdz]
/ yfkf
dgk5{ Tof] /ft zLif{s sljtf xf] . Tof] @)!& ;fnsf]
psfnf] klqsfdf k|sflzt ePsf] lyof] . o;/L k|f/De u/]sf] n]vg ofqfnfO{
clj/fd ultn] olt nfdf] cjlw;Dd lg/Gt/tf lbO/x]sf 5g\ pgL .
/Tg zdz]/n] slxNo} s'g} jfb df /lP/ /rgf u/]gg\ . s'g} klg bnLo bfDnf]df
afFlwg] s'/faf6 ;w}+ 6f9f /x]/ ;[hgf ofqfdf /dfO/x] . cfgf ;dsfnLg slj
n]vsx;Fu s'd hf]8/] } cl3 a9] /Tg zdz]/ . pgsf sltko ;xsdL{x n]vgaf6
lj>fd lnP/ kfvf nflu;s]sf 5g\ . t/ cfgf] Ifdtf, ;fwgf, ;Lk / ;dk{0fsf sf/0f
pgsf] n]vg emg\emg\ cf]ho'Qm, k|efjf]Tkfbs / k|v/ x'bF } uPsf] 5 . pgsf k|sflzt
k':tscf]efgf] l;pFbf] -@)@)_, ?em]sf] k/]nf -@)@%_ b'j} uLt ;+ux| / rsnfel/sf]
3fd -@)#^_ clg tf/fsf sfFrf / -@)^)_ sljtf ;+ux| x'g\ .
kl5Nnf] sljtf ;+ux| tf/fsf sfFrf / /Tg zdz]/sf pNn]Vo sljtfxsf]
;+sng xf] . ;femf k|sfzgaf6 k|sflzt o;df pgsf ^% cf]6f sljtf ;d]l6Psf
5g\ . cfkm" afFrs
] f] ;do / kl/j]zsf] lrq0fsf ;fy} dfgjLo efjgf clg
:jfg'el" tnfO{ ljljw ljDa / k|tLssf dfWodaf6 sljtfdf k|:t't u/]sf 5g\ slj
yfkfn] . pgsf ;dsfnLg slj ldq dbg /]UdLn] slj /Tg yfkf / pgsf
sljtfsf k|jl[ Q / dxjnfO{ cfgf] e"ldsfdf lgs} /fd|f;
] uF s]nfPsf 5g\ . dbg
/]UdL n]V5g\ /Tgsf] hLjgdf s'g} k|sf/sf] cGtlj{ux| / lj/f]wfef; 5}g . p
sljtf n]V5 / sljs} hLjg afFR5 . 3/df ljb|fx] L / ;w}+ 7f ug]{ / xfFl;/x]g
d]/f] ;fyL /Tg Pp6f jf:tjs} slj xf] . p;sf] cg'xf/af6 p;leqsf] Hjfnfd'vL,
cfFwLa]x/L s]xL klg yfxf x'bg} . To;}n] xf]nf cfgf] sljtfdf eujfg\ a'4nfO{ klg
/fv]s} x'G5 . JolQm / sljsf] kdf /Tg zdz]/sf] dxQf bzf{pg ;kmn 5 dbg
/]UdLsf] e"ldsf o; k':tsdf . slj /Tg zdz]/sf :jflbnf / efjk"0f{ sljtfsf]
afGsLdf /dfpg / pgsf] sljtf ;[hgf ;fdYo{ a'g tf/fsf sfFrf / dxjk"0f{
k':ts xf] . ;'wL kf7ssf cfFvfaf6 of] cf]em]n kg'{ x'bF g} .
k"0ff{ 132

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63

/Tg zdz]/ yfkfsf] uLlt n]vgsf] kl/ro lbg] dxjk"0f{ k':ts rflx+
uLtsf/ /Tg zdz]/ yfkf / pgsf] uLlt ofqf xf] . gLlndf ;'Aaf -t'Dafxf\km]_
f/f lnlvt of] s[lt @)%( ;fndf lzjs'df/ lnDa" -t'Dafxf\km]_ f/f k|sflzt
ul/Psf] xf] . /Tg zdz]/ yfkfsf] hLjgL, JolQmTj / s[ltTjdf cfwfl/t o;
u|Gydf uLtsf] ;}4flGts kl/rosf ;fy} uLtsf/ yfkfsf uLt ;+u|xxsf]
s[ltk/s ljZn]if0f / d"Nofg ;d]t ul/Psf] 5 . uLt /rgfdf /Tg zdz]/sf]
j}lzi6af/] ljljw ;|i6fsf dGtJon] k':tsnfO{ pkof]uL agfPsf] 5 . Zofdbf;
j}i0fj, cDa/ u'?, cle ;'j]bL, of]u]z j}B, k|tfkrGb| k|wfg h:tf uLt
;+uLtsf kf/vLxn] uLtsf/ yfkfsf uLlt /rgfsf ljljw cfofdaf/] ;fy{s
ljZn]if0f k|:t't u/]sf 5g\ . cfkm}+ uLtsf/ /x]sf s[i0fxl/ a/fn cfgf]
e"ldsfdf eG5g\ /Tg zdz]/ yfkf lhpFbf] hfUbf] uLtsf/ x'g'x'G5 . lhpFbf]
hfUbf] uLtsf/ ToxL x'G5 hf] csf{n] k|of]u ul/;s]sf] ljifoj:t' / z}nLdf
6fFl;P/ hLjg latfpFb}g .=====pxfFsf uLtdf ljifoj:t'sf] ljljwtf kfOG5,
sNkgfsf] :jR5Gb p8fg kfOG5, z}nLsf] gjLgtf kfOG5 / g]kfnL df6f]sf]
uGw kfOG5 . /Tg zdz]/ yfkfsf uLtx s;}sf h:tf geP/ /Tg zdz]/
yfkfs} h:tf 5g\ . uLtsf/ /Tg zdz]/sf] uLlt /rgfaf/] lgZ5n / oyfy{
kl/ro lbPsf 5g\ oL k+lQmn] .
uxg zf]w cg';Gwfg u/]/ gLlndf ;'Aafn] k|:t't u/]sf] o; k':tsn] uLt
/rgfsf If]qdf /Tgzdz]/ yfkfsf ;fdYo{sf] :jfefljs kl/ro lbPsf] 5 . rf/
kl/R5]bdf afFl8Psf] o; k':tsdf kl/lzi6sf kdf uLtsf/ yfkfsf uLt
/rgfsf tflnsfut ljj/0f klg lbOPsf] 5 . oxfF k|:t't lrqxn] uLtsf/
yfkfsf :d/0fLo ;'Gb/ If0fxsf] kl/ro lbPsf 5g\ . olt ;fy{s / pkof]uL
s[ltsL n]vs gLlndf ;'Aaf cf]em]n kg'{ gx'g] JolQmTj x'g\ . km]l/ klg cfgf]
;[hgfTdstf k|blz{t ug{ cfXjfg ub}{ uLtsf/ /Tg zdz]/ yfkf af/]sf] zf]wsf
lglDt pgnfO{ ljz]if ;fw'jfb
cGTodf
sljuLtsf/ /Tg zdz]/ yfkfaf/] cem} ljzb cWoogsf] vfFrf] 5 .
pgsf of]ubfgsf] dxj g]kfnL ;dfhn] cln ljnDa u/]/ a'of] . l9n} ePklg
pgnfO{ ;dfh / /fi6n] dxjk"0f{ k'/:sf/xf/f ;Ddflgt ul/g' v'zLsf] s'/f
xf] . t/ /Tg zdz]/n] kfPsf ux|f}+ wg/flzsf k'/:sf/ eGbf Hofb} 7"nf] k'/:sf/
xf] hglk|otf nf]slk|o uLtsf/sljsf] kdf ckf/ hgljZjf; sdfpg' /Tg
zdz] / sf] 7" n f] ;kmntf xf] . cfgf] of] nf] s lk| o 5ljnfO{ bou| f xL
;[hgfTdstff/f pQ/f]Q/ cem a9fpFb} n}hfg pgnfO{ ;kmntf ldnf];\
xflb{s z'esfdgf
nepalirachana@gmail.com
uxgfkf]v/L, sf7df8f}+

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qm'h ofqf
af;' >] i 7
sfd sfd sfd, slt sfd . s]xL cf/fd kfpg
hfg'kof] s'g} wfd . wfd eGgfn] s'g} tLy{ wfd geO{ st}
gofF 7fpFdf uP/ e|d0f ljz]ifsf] cfzo lyof] . clg o;}
cfzon] ;g\ @)!) sf] u[idsfnLg ;KtfxfGt ;d'bd
| f
dgfpg] lgwf] ul/of] . cfsfzdf p8]s} xf], e'OF df u'8s
] }
| f] ofqf ug{] /x/
xf] . afFsL Pp6f kfgL hxfhdf ;d'bs
lyof] . of] /x/klg k'ofpg] /x/ hfu]/ cfof] o; k6s /
h'of]klg . t;y{ qm'hdf hfg] lgwf] ul/ sflg{en sDkgLsf]
O{dl] hg]zg gfds kfgL hxfhdf nf]l/8fsf] blIf0fL efu
dfofdLaf6 z'? x'g] h'nfO{{ $ b]lv h'nfO{{ * ;Ddsf] qm'h ofqf cgnfO{gaf6 a's
ul/of] / ;f]xL cg';f/ h'nfO{{ $ tfl/vsf lbg laxfg cd]l/sg Po/nfO{G;sf] xjfO{
hxfh dfkm{t nf]l/8fsf] dfofdLdf cf]ln{Pkl5 Po/kf]6a{ f6 l; kf]6{ ;Ddsf] ofqf
;f]xL sflg{en sDkgLsf] a;af6 ul/of] clg cWofudgsf] k|lqmofkl5 l;w} kfgL
hxfhdf cjt/0f ul/of] . cWofudgsf] sfof{no /x]sf] ejg;Fu} eofsf] dfWodn]
kfgL hxfh;Fu hf]l8Psf] x'bF f] /x]5 . 3'dfp/f] eof x'bF } hxfhdf k|jz
] ul/of] .
To;/L ljzfn / eLdsfo hxfhsf] f/af6 k|jz
] ubf{ Tof] hxfhsf] t'ngfdf cfk"m
kxf8 / sldnf;Fu t'ngf ub{l} yPF . cWofudgsf] k|lqmof k"/f ug{ a;]sf] nfO{g
x]bf{ dfgf} s'g} s'De d]nf eg{ hDdf ePsf x'g\ ls eGg] efg kYof{] . cWofudg tyf
;'/Iff kf/ ug{x] Psgf;n] dfly uO/x]sf 5g\\ eg] ToxL k|sf/ em'08sf em'08
;f] k|lqmofsf]nflu nfO{gdf ylk+b} 5g\\ . cf]xf] olQsf ljWg dflg;, Pp6} hxfhdf
t xf] < t/ xf] /x]5 . hxfhdf ofqLdfq em08} @^)) x'bF f /x]5g\\ eg] hxfhsf
sd{rf/Ldfq (@) hgf x'bF f /x]5g\\ . ofqfsfn cjlwe/ rnfodfg /xg] Tof]
ljzfnsfo hxfhdf tL sd{rf/Lx lbgsf] tLg lzkm\6df afFl8P/ em08} @$ ;}
306f cgj/t rnfodfg b]lvGy] .
cWofudg tyf ;'/Iffsf] k|lqmofkl5 hxfhsf] sf]7fsf] ;fFrf] cyf{t\ sf8{ sL
lngsf]nflu sDtLdf %) 8n/ k|ltJolQm w/f}6L /fVg kg{] /x]5 . o;/L lnPsf]
sf8{ sL krf; 8n/ ePsf] qm]l86 sf8{klg x'bF f] /x]5 . clg hxfhdf sf]zn
] Lsf]
kdf s'g} ;fdfg lsGg' k/]df of s]xL kdf vr{ ug{k' /]df oxL sf8{ rnfpg' kg{]
/x]5 . hxfhdf gub sf/f]af/ gx'g] /x]5 . ;f] sf8{ rnfPkl5 /x]sf] afFsL k};f
ofqfsf] clGtd lbg hxfhaf6 lgl:sPkl5 lkmtf{ lbOg] /x]5 . sf8{ sLaf6 w/f}6L
/flvPsf] k};f eGbf a9L vr{ ePdf clGtd lbg lx;fa lstfj km5\of{6} ug{k' g{]
/x]5 . cGoyf aflx/ lg:sg ;d:of kg{] /x]5 .
xfdL >Ldfg >LdtLnfO{{ k'Ubf] w/f}6L Pl6Pd d]lzgdfkm{t /fv]/ kfPsf] sf8{
] uof}+ . 7"nf] ;'6s]z sf]7fdf g} cfpg] ePsf]n] xft] ;'6s]zdfq
lnFb} hxfhdf k|jz
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65

lnP/ sf]7fdf k|jz

] uof}+ . sf]7f g+= o' @% . cyf{t\ ck/ 8]ssf] ?d g+= @% .
sf]7fdf k|jz
] ug{] ljlQs} xft] ;'6s]z Tolts} 5f]8/] vfgfsf]nflu bzf}F tNnfdf
k'Uof}F . d]/L af:;}, slt dflg; /x]5g\\ oxfF t km]l/ l:jldFu k"nklg /x]5 . x6 afy
lng] 7fpFklg /x]5 . cf]xf]====oxfF t ;fgf] ltgf] d]nf g} kf] /x]5 . afhfsf] w'gdf
Psyl/ gflr/x]sf 5g\, csf{y] l/ vfO{ /x]sf 5g\,\ sf]xL ToxL+sf] af/df a;]/ jfO{g,
lns/ of dfu{l/6f 3'6S\ ofpFbF } d'vaf6 w'jF f p8fO{/x]sf 5g\\ . l:jldFu k"nsf]
kfgLdf cfgGb lnO{/x]sf nufot k"naf6 lg:s]/ 5]js
} f] nfdf] d]rdf 5f]Kg} kg{]
dfq 5f]k/] 3fddf nDk;f/ k/]/ sf]xL pQfgf], sf]xL 3f]K6f] kN6]sf 5g\\ . of] cfg}
/ cnu k|sf/sf] ;+;f/ nfUof] . of] /ldtf b]v/] nfu]sf] ef]sklg sd kf] x'bF } uof] .
stf x]/f+} stf x]/f}+ . cfFvf cln a9L rfxL+ l:jldFu k"n of o;sf] 5]p5fp g} a9L
bf}l8GYof] . sfnf] rZdf lyof] d]/f] cfFvfdf . htf x]/k] lg Psflt/ x]/s
] f] h:tf] u/]
x'g] . t/ ;fydf >LdtL klg lyOg\ . cln xf];\ t k'ofpg} kof] . >LdtLsf]
dof{bfklg t /fVg' kof] lg . t/ sxfFaf6 cfP t oL ;a < s] oL ;a} dfofdLaf6}
r9]sf x'g\ t < To;f] eP s;/L olt rfF8} of] ;a} ug{ EofP < t/ xf]Og /x]5 .
kl5 s'/f a'em\bf logLx t axfdfhaf6 cfPsf /x]5g\\ . of] hxfh axfdfh,
dfofdL, sL j]i6 clg sf]hd
' n -d]lS;sf]sf] ;a} eGbf 7"nf] k"jL{ ;fd'lb|s 6fk'_ sf]
' nnfO{{ d]lS;sf]s} xfnsf] ko{6g If]q Sofgs'gn]
aLr cf]xf]/ bf]xf]/ ubf{] /x]5 . sf]hd
k|lt:Yffkg u/]sf] /x]5 . gq clxn] hlt Sofgs"g k|l;4 5 Tolt g} k|l;4 sf]hd
' n
/x]5 . cyf{t\ Sofgs"g sf]hd
' nsf] ;f}tf . uNkm ckm d]lS;sf]df kg{] Sofgs"g
pQ/L efudf kbf{] /x]5 eg] sf]hd
' n eg] ^) lsdL blIf0fL efudf kbf{] /x]5 . t/
Sofgs"g d]lS;sf]sf] d'Vo e"efu;Fu cfa4 5 eg] d'Vo e"efuaf6 @) lsdL 6f9f
sf]hd
' n 6fk' /x]5 . sf]hd
' n $* lsdL nfdf] clg !^ lsdL rf}8fOdf km}lnPsf]
/x]5 . xfd|f] qm'hsf] clGtd k'Ug] ljGb'klg sf]hd
' n g} xf] .
h] xf];\ akm]sf] nfO{gaf6 nGrsf]nflu cfk"mnfO{{ rflxg] vfgf lnP/ 6Gg
ePkl5 csf{] PstNnf dfly uOof] . cf]xf] of] t afn ;+;f/ /x]5 . afn
aflnsfxnfO{{ x'g] ul/ kfgLsf ljleGg v]n tyf dgf]/~hgsf ;fwgx h'6fOPsf
lyP . afnsxsf] xfF;f] / lvtlvtn] o; tNnfsf] jftfj/0f u'lF hPsf] lyof] .
cleefjsx eg] cfgf] ;Gtfgsf] d'xf/df xfF;f] / v'zL clg r~rntf b]v/]
dVv k/]/ d';S' s xfF:b} xftdf h] 5 ToxL vfO /x]sf lyP . ;Gtfgsf] d'xf/df
xfF;f] / r~rntf b]vk] l5 cleefjsx ;+;f/sf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] ;'v cg'el" t
u5{g\ zfob .
ToxfFaf6 ePsf eof k5\ofpFb} hfFbf csf{] tNnfdf k'luof] . of] r}F cf]nlDks
6ofs /x]sf] 7fpF /x]5 . em08} cf]nlDks 6o\ fssf] cfsf/df c08fsf/ wfjg dfu{
agfOPsf] /x]5 . s"n nDafO{ !$( dL6/ . o; 6ofsdf bf}l8Pklg jfs u/]klg
x'g] /x]5 . of] rflxF hxfhsf] cl3Nnf] efukl6 kbf{] /x]5 . vfof], a:of] ubf{
z/L/sf] tf}n a9\nf eg]/ :jf:Yok|lt ;r]t x'gx] sfnflu o:tf] /lgFu 6ofs
agfOPsf] /x]5 .
oxfFaf6 hxfh cufl8 a9]sf] t b]lvG5 t/ s'g lbzfdf uO/x]sf] 5 eGg]
e]p kfpg ufxf/f] . lsgeg] uf]nfsf/ kdf b]lvg] lIflthsf] aLrdf cfk"m
66

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ePsf] cg'ej x'Fbf] /x]5 . To;sf/0f gS;f gx]/L hxfhsf] lbzf lgb{]z
yfxfkfpg ufxf/f] x'g] /x]5 . cfsfz gLnf], kfgL gLnf] clg oL b'O{ ljzfn
gLnf]sf] aLrdf csf{] ljzfn hxfh 5 . t/ ljzfn cfsfz / ljzfn
;d'b|sf] bfFhf]df hxfh cfkm}Fdf Ps ;fgf] yf]Knf] h:tf] nfUg] . To:t} Tof]
ljzfn hxfhsf] t'ngfdf eg] cfk"m csf{] Ps sldnf]h:tf] cg'ej ul/of] .
o;/L t'ngf ub}{ Ps ;fgf] laGb'sf] kdf cfk"mnfO{{ kfpFbf dg /f]dfl~rt
x'Fbf] /x]5 . ljzfn lIflthsf] sf/0fn] uf]nfsf/ kdf b]lvg] lIflthsf] o:tf]
b[Zo hldgaf6 zfob} b]lvG5 .
*%% lkm6 nfdf] tyf !)# lkm6 rf}8fO{sf] hxfh @! g6\; k|lt306fsf] b/n]
cufl8 a9\g] /x]5 . @! g6\; ;fd'lb|s ult xf] eg] o;nfO{{ k[YjLdf gflkg] ultdf
kl/jt{g ubf{ em08} @$=!& dfO{n k|lt 306f x'g] /x]5 . o;/L !%( dfO{n nfdf]
dfofdLaf6 sL j]i6;Ddsf] ofqf oxfFsf] laxfg &=#) ah] k'luof] . dfofdLaf6
cl3Nnf] lbg a]ns
' f $ ah] k|:yfg u/]sf] xfd|f] kfgL hxfhnfO{{ !%=#) 306f
nfu]sf] lyof] . sL j]i6 3'Dgsf]nflu hxfhdf g} kfOg] ljleGg k|sf/sf Kofs]hx
kfOPklg xfdL eg] pknAw u/fOPsf] 6nLaf6 zx/ 3'Dg uof}F . So"afaf6 ()
dfO{n pQ/df kg{] o; ls j]i6 6fk'nfO{k{ lg ko{6sLo b[li6n] x]l/Fbf] /x]5 . So"afaf6
cd]l/sf k:g] glhssf] cd]l/sL e"efu oxL ePsf]n] xf]nf zfob So"afaf6
cd]l/sL ;kgf af]s/] lxF8s
] fxsf] klxnf] uGtJo g} oxL :yfg x'bF f] /x]5 . t/
cd]l/sL cWofudg tyf ;fd'lb|s ;'/Iff c+uxsf] s8f lgu/fgLn] sltko
8'uF fx aLr ;d'ba| f6 g} So'aftkm{ kmls{g afWo x'bF f /x]5g\\ / cd]l/sf k:g]
ltgLxsf ;kgf ToxL+ Wj:t x'bF f] /x]5 .
csf{] s'/f cd]l/sfsf] ;a}eGbf k'/fgf] /fhdfu{ h;nfO{{ ;+Vofsf] cfwf/df
?6 ! sf] gfdn] lrlgG5 -/ h'g cd]l/sL /fHox blIf0fdf nf]l] /8f, hlh{of,
;fpy Sof/f]nfO{gf, gy{ Sof/f]nfO{gf, elh{gLof, jfl;Fu6g 8L;L, d]l/Nof08,
k]lG;Ne]lgof, Go' h;L{, Go' of]s,{ sg]lS6s6, x|f8] cfO{Nof08, Dof;fRo';6] ;
\ , Go'
x\ofD;fo/ tyf d]gdf uP/ 6'lF uG5_ klg oxL+af6 z'? x'g] /x]5 / o; :yfgnfO{{
lh/f] dfO{n gfdn] lrlgFbf] /x]5 . ;g\ !(@^ df k"/f ePsf] of] ;8ssf] s"n
nDafO{ @#&& dfO{n cyf{t\ #*@% lsdL /x]5 . x]Ssf /xf];\ ljleGg /fHosf
e"efudf oxL ;8snfO{{ ljleGg gfdn] klg lrlgG5 . t/ gDa/ rflxF Pp6} cyf{t\
?6 ! sf] gfdn] lrlgG5 . o;;Fu cln a9L rf;f] ePsf] sf/0f s] klg xf] eg]
cfk"m a;]sf] 3/;Fu} of] af6f] /x]sf]n] klg xf] / o;sf] P]ltxfl;s sf/0f klg xf] .
lahf]/ gDa/sf] pQ/ blIf0f nDk;f/ eP/ ;'ts
] f] of] ;8ssf] cfly{s tyf
;fdflhs of]ubfg lgs} 7"nf] /x]sf] 5 . cd]l/sfdf ;a} /fhdfu{xnfO{{ d"ntM
b'Oe
{ fudf ljefhg ul/Psf] x'G5 . klxnf] hf]/ gDa/sf /fhdfu{ h'g k"j{ klZrd
km}lnPsf x'G5g\\ eg] ljhf]/ gDa/sf /fhdfu{x pQ/ blIf0f km}lnPsf x'G5g\\ .
h;n] ubf{ lbzf lgb{z
] sf] nflu ;lhnf] x'g] ub{5 .
o;/L sL j]i6sf] :je|d0fkl5 km]l/ 6\nLdf a;]/ hxfh kmls{of}F . sf8{
sL / ;'/Iff clwsf/L dfkm{t k|j]zsf] nflu cg'dlt k|fKt ePkl5 c:yfoL
;+;f/df k'gM k|j]z uof}+ . ca hxfh h'dnsf] nflu 7Ls b'O{ah] oxFfaf6
k"0ff{ 132

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67

k|:yfg uof] . em08} !! 306fsf] ofqf xf] of] . cfGw| dxf;fu/sf] Ps

lx:;fsf] kdf /x]sf] uNkm ckm d]lS;sf]df ofqf ubf{ of] !! 306fsf] ofqf
gkTofpg] lsl;dn] laTof] . lsgeg] hxfhdf ljleGg dgf]/~hgfTds sfo{qmdx,
lsgd]nsfnflu s/d'Qm k;nx, Sof;Lgf], af/, :jLld k"n of sf]7fdf
a;]/ l6eL sfo{qmdx x]/]/ ;do uPsf] kQ} gkfOg] /x]5 . sf]7fdf cfP/
;'Tg] eg]sf] c;fWo yfs]kl5 of /ftLsf] !@, ! ah]lt/dfq xf] . o;/L
sf]h'dndf hxfhn] lbgsf] ! ah] 8s uof]] / sf]h'dn e|d0fdf hfg]
OR5'sxnfO{{ /ftsf] gf}ah];Dd hxfhleq lkmtf{ k|j]z x'g'kg{] ;"rgf hf/L
uof]] . sf]h'dndf ljleGg k|sf/sf e|d0f Kofs]h kfOg] dWo] xfdLn] :gf]/lNsFu,
ljr kfl6{ / ;]n cj] Kofs]h lnof}F . d]lS;sf]sf] s/ d'Qm k;nsf] dfem x'Fb}
Pp6f ;fgf] 8'Fuf h;df ^) b]lv &) dflg; c6fpFy]df r9\of}F / :gf]/lNsFusf]
nflu a9\of}+ . :gf]/lNsFu eg]sf] cfFvfdf kfgLrZdf, d'vdf ;f; km]g{] gnL,
v'6\ 6fdf kf}8g] kFhf nufP/ kfgLdf kf}8Lg] /x]5 . !% b]lv @) lkm6 ulx/f]
t/ lkFw b]lvg] gLnf] kfgLdf kf}8L v]Nbf ljleGg k|sf/sf df5f tyf ;fd'lb|s
hLjx b]lvg] /x]5 . cfk"m / >LdtL kf}8L v]Ng ghfGg] ePsf]n] o;sf]nflu
cfF6 ul/Pg . a? 8'Fufdf g} a;]/ c?n] u/]sf /ldtfdf tfnL ahfP/
al;of] . lt/]sf] k};fsf] tLg efudf Ps efu o;/L 8/ 5]?jf eP/ v]/
kmflnof] . t/ of] xfd|f] cfg} 5g\f}6 lyof] . s;};Fu s]xL u'gf;f] lyPg /
/x]g . d}n] ToxL+ Pp6f hf]s agfPF / eg]F jL cnj]h :gf]/ cg b a]8 . ;f]
jL 806 jf06 b :gf]/lNsFu . ;a} unnn xfF;] .
|] L . clg lao/, dfu{l/6f,
:gf]/lNsFukl5 8'uF fdf /x]sf] ;+uLt aHg yfNof] cFuh
h';, ;f]8f lkpFb} uLtsf] w'gdf gfRg / ufpg yfn] . em08} !% ldg]6sf] ofqfkl5
8'uF fn] lsgf/ lnof] . cyf{t\ ;fd'lb|s aLrdf /f]lsof]] . xfdL ;a} cf]ln{P/ ToxL+s}
Joj:yfkgn] pknAw u/fPsf] l:jd ;'6 nufP/ gLnf] / s~rg kfgLdf xfDkmfNb},
5]p nfUb} lao/ of cfgf lk|o k]osf lunf; ;dfpFb} ug{ yfNof}F . of] qmd Ps
306fsf]nflu lyof] / 6f]nL g]tfn] ;dflKtsf] 3f]if0ff u/]kl5 ;a} 8'uF fdf a:of}F /
c:yfoL lgjf; kfgL hxfhtkm{ kmls{of}F .
hxfhdf k|j]zsf] qmddf ;'/Iff clwsf/Lxn] ug{] s]xL ;f]wk'5sf] qmddf
d}n] ToxfFsf sd{rf/LnfO{{ hxfh rnfpg] SofK6]gsf] s]lag x]g{ kfOG5 ls
kfO{b}g eg]/ ;f]w]sf] lyPF . d}n] ;f]w]sf] JolQm lkmlnlkgf] /x]5 . p;n] eGof]
nf:;L 8], nf:;L 8], o' uf] s:6d/ ;le{;, /fO6 of]/ g]d . c? t a'lemof] t/
of] nf:;L 8] eg]sf] a'lemgF . ;ft} 8]sf gfd dnfO{{ yfxf 5 . To;afx]s 6'8] /
o:6/8] klg yfxf 5 . clg ufosdf lxGbL uLtsf :j= dGgf 8] yfxf 5 . of]
s'g csf{] gofF 8] cfof] ;d'b|sf] aLrdf < km]l/ bxL, d7\7f h:t} st} n:;L t
eg]sf] xf]Og < of] t emg\ ck|f;+lus s'/f eof] . /ge"Nn kb{} km]l/ sf]6\ofP/
;f]w]F . aNn a'lemof] . nf:6 8] eg]sf] /x]5 . cyf{t\ qm'hsf] clGtd lbg d}n]
rfx]sf] x]g{ kfOg] /x]5 . b kb{} s:6d/ ;le{; 8]:sdf c?n] kfnf] pl5g\nfg\
eg]/ xtf/ xtf/ uof}F / cfk"mn] rfx]sf] cg'/f]w uof}+ . x'g t nf:;L 8] g} /x]5,
gfdklg n]vfpg} kg{] /x]5 t/=====k|ltJolQm %% 8n/klg a'emfpg' kg{] /x]5 .
68

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hDdf hDdL cfwf 306fsf] hxfhsf] leqL lqmofsnfk x]g{ dxFuf] kg{] eof] . of]
Kofs]hnfO{{ ljxfO08 b 6'/ eGbf /x]5g\\ . cf===xf];\ sf] uO{ /xf];\ . uOPg .
b'O{hgfsf] !!) 8n/ arfOof] . t/ SofK6]gsf] s]lagaf6 ;fd'lb|s b[Zo / s]lag
x]g{] /x/ eg] sfFr} lkmtf{ cfof] .
o;}ul/ csf{] lbg hxfhsf] ;]tf] /+usf] 8];df /x]sf] PshgfnfO{{ hxfhsf]
tTsfn cjl:ylt, hxfhsf] ultsf af/]df s]xL ;f]wk"5 u/]F . hfg]sf] eGof] /
ghfg]sf]df kmnfgf];Fu ;f]Wg' eGof] . of] klg lkmlnlkgf] g} x'g'k5{ eGg] cGbfh
ub{} Jx]/ cf/ o' k|md < eg]/ ;f]w]F . p rflxF g6 Ol08of eG5 . d}n] ltdL
Ol08ofsf] xf} eg]/ ;f]w]s} 5}g lsg g6 Ol08of eG5 of] eGb} d lhNn k/]F / eg]F
cfO{ Pd g6 ;]loFu o' cf/ k|md Ol08of, a6 cfO Pd cfl:sFu o' Jx]/ cf/ o'
k|md . p;n] o; o; eGb} o' gf] bflh{lnFu, c;d, l;lnu'l9, e'6fg eGb} pQ/
k"jL{ ef/tsf] ef}uf]lns gfdx lnFb} Totftkm{ nUof] / eGof] ldhf]/d . d}n] ca
aNn a'em]F . p;n] gy{ Ol08of eg]sf] /x]5 . cyf{t\ p ef/tsf] ldhf]/d
/fHoaf6 cfPsf] /x]5 . Psl5g\sf] enfs';f/L kl5 p;sf] xftdf ePsf]
kmf]gsf] 306L aHof] / cfO x]e 6' uf], gfO{; 6lsFu 6' o' eg]/ sfdtkm{ nfUof] .
cfk"m eg] g6 / gy{sf] syf ;DemFb} a|]skmf:6sf] akm]tkm{ nfluof] . wGg
e"uf]naf/] clnslt 1fg lyof] / sfd nfu]5 p;sf] s'/f a'em\g cGoyf p;sf]
s'/f ga'em]/ /x:o g} /xGYof] ls s] yfxf <
hxfhdf ;a} k|sf/sf dflg; . aRrf, a'9f a'9L, o'jf, t?gf t?gL . df]6f,
kftnf . sfnf, uf]/f, :kflg;, Ol08og . g]kfnLdf xfdLdfq lyof}F ls < sf]xL
Sofgf8faf6 cfPsf, sf]xL cd]l/sfs} ljleGg efuaf6 cfPsf . To;}ul/ hxfhsf
sd{rf/Lx clwsf+z lkmlnlkgf], clg ef/tLoxsf] afx'No b]lvof] . l8g/df
lnPsf] kmf]6f] cfk"mnfO{{ dg k/]sf]n] c8{/ ubf{ ;~ho gfds ef/tLo;Fu s'/f ug{
k'luof] . ;f]lwxfNof] p;n]klg cg'xf/ Pp6} If]qsf] b]v/] . Jx]/ cf/ o' km|d < d}n]
;uf}/j /fO{6 gfp lj cf/ k|md l8;L eg]F . p;n] gf] gf] cf]l/hLgNnL eg]/ ;f]Wof] .
dnfO{{ p;sf] Wo]o yfxf lyof] / d}n] hfgL hfgL ToxL pQ/ lbPsf] lyPF . t/ o;
k6s rflxF cf]l/hLgNnL k|md g]kfn eg]kl5 cf] lj xofe P g]kfnL 6" x' js{;\
lxo/ . sd cfkm\6/ y6L{ ldg]6 6' lksck b kmf]6f], lx ljn cN;f] la lxo/ . cf]s]
eg]/ cfwf 306fkl5 kmls{bf kmf]6f]klg lnof}F / e]6o\ f}F of]uz
] hLnfO{{ hf] o;
hxfhdf kmf]6f]uf| km/ /x]5g\\ . rf/ jif{ eP5 pgn] sfd u/]sf] . k|To]s * dlxgfdf
g]kfn hfg] / b'O{ tLg dlxgfkl5 km]l/ * dlxgfsf]nflu hxfhdf kmlsg{] ubf{
/x]5g\\ . qm'hdf sfd ug{] ;a}sf] lgod g} oxL /x]5 . lgTo g} oxL /x]5 . l8g/sf]
nflu klg cfg} lgod /x]5 . qm'hsf]nflu l6s6 a's ubf{ g} s'g 8fOlgFu xn,
sltah], s:tf] vfgf -ck]6fO{h/, l8g/ / 8]h6{_ cflbsf] lg0f{o ul/;Sg'kg{] /x]5 .
;f]xL adf]lhd k|fk] m]zgn 8;
] df ;f] l8g/df hfg'kg{] /x]5 . nGrrflx+ ljleGg
tNffdf /x]sf akm] g} x'bF f] /x]5 .
hxfhleq vfglkg;lxt dgf]/~hgsf] nflu em08} kfFrzo dflg; c6fpg]
Pp6f 5'66\ } /+ud~r tyf k|I] ffno x'bF f] /x]5 . Pp6f l;Fu} l;g]df xn hqf] /
h:tf] . To:t} laxfg &=#) df v'n/] rf/ ah] laxfg aGb x'g] Sofl;gf], laxfg bz
k"0ff{ 132

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ah]bl] v /ftL b'Oa{ h];Dd rNg] kfFrj6f af/, jo:sxsf]nfludfq cnUu} l:jldFu
k"n, tLgj6f ljzfn akm] af/ hxfF a|s
] kmf:6, nGr clg l8g/ Psgf;n] pknJw
eO/xG5g\\ . s/d'Qm k;n, n'uf kmf6f] tyf uxgf k;n, :kf nufot Jofofdzfnf
clg lukm\6 zkklg /x]5g\\ ., jo:ssf]nflu dfq Psn JolQmsf] :6\ofl08Fu sd]l8
xf:o sfo{qmd lbgdf tLgk6s;Dd k|:t't x'bF f] /x]5 . 8fG; Nff]/, Sofkm], cGo
/]i6'/0] 6 cflbklg k|z:t pknJw /x]5g\\ . csf{] cy{df Pp6f ;fgf]ltgf] ahf/ h'g
;d'bd
| fly rnfodfg eO{ /xG5 .
dfly pNn]lvt /dfO{nf k|;u+ x afx]s Pp6f dg 5'g] k|;u+ M ;fdfGotof
cd]l/sL cleefjsxn] cfgf 5f]/f5f]/LxnfO{{ af6f]3f6f] lxF8bf kf]zfsdf
sf]xL ;}lgs e]6\of] eg] YofF\s o' km/ of]/ ;le{; eGg l;sfPsf x'G5g\\ . of]
b]zk|]d / b]z ;]jsk|ltsf] cfb/sf] Ps pbfx/0f xf] . of] b]zk|]d / b]z
;]jsxk|ltsf] ;Ddfg hxfhleq klg cg'ej ul/Fbf eg] d]/f] dg 5f]of] .
sd]8L zf] -jo:ssf] nflu dfq_ xf];\ of cGo dgf]/~hgfTds sfo{qmd xf];\
ltgsf] cGTodf sfo{qmd ;+rfnsn] bz{sxnfO{{ nlIft u/]/ ;}lgs ;]jfdf
sfo{/t of sfo{/t e} ;s]sf] sf]xL bz{sx olb oxfF x'g'x'G5 eg] tkfO{+n] b]zsf]
nflu ug{'ePsf] ;]jfsf]nflu wGojfb eg]/ pb\3f]if ug{] ub{5 . cem slxn]
slxn] tL ;]gfxnfO{{ cfcfgf] 7fpFdf p7\g nufP/ afFsL cGo bz{sxaf6
tfnL ahfO{ clejfbg ug{ nufpg] u/]sf] klg kfOof] . b]z ;]jfsf]nflu Hofg
xTs]nfdf /fVg] jt{dfg of e"tk"j{ ;}lgsxsf]nflu ul/Psf] of] ;fd"lxs
;Ddfg cfkm}Fdf uf}/jzfnL cg'ej u/]F . o;/L ;fwf/0f hgtfaf6 ;fdfGo
cj:yfdfklg cfk"mn] u/]sf] ;]jfsf] sb/ ePsf] kfpFbf tL ;]gfxsf] 5flt
7"nf] ePsf] d cfkm}n] cg'ej u/]F . o:tf] ;Ddfgn] tL ;}lgsx cfk"mn] u/]sf]
sfdk|lt slt uf}/j ubf{x'g\ ;xh} cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 .
qm'hsf] rf}yf] lbg dfofdL kms{g] pkqmddf hxfh pQ/tkm{ xflGgO{ ;s]sf]
lyof] . uNkm ckm d]lS;sf]af6 l;wf pQ/ geO 3'dfp/f] af6f] lnP/ dfofdLsf]nflu
/ftsf] bz ah] hxfh k|:yfg uof] . ca eg] of] hxfh slxF /f]lsg] 5}g .
a'waf/ /ftL lxF8]sf] of] hxfh ca z'qmaf/ laxfg * ah]dfq dfofdLdf /f]lsg]
5 . sf]7fdf l6le x]bf{ hxfh afFs6] xfGb} ls j]i6 / So'afsf] /fhwfgL xjfgfsf]
aLrdf kg{] ;fd'lb|s dfu{ ;dft]/ lxF8]sf] b]lvG5 . ult pxL xf] @! g6\;
k|lt306f . cyf{t\ hdLgsf] eGbf l9nf . hxfhaf6 cf]ln{P/ 3r]6f}F h:tf] . t/
ca lg:sgsf]nflu tof/L klg ug{'kof] lg eGb} wdfwd ;'6s];x tof/ ug{
nfluof] / ;'ltof] .
dfofdL k'u]kl5 dfofdL PS;s;{g Kofs]h lsGg kfOg] /x]5 . cfgf]
NffO6 a]n'sf rf/ ah]dfq ePsf]n] em08} cf7 306f s;/L latfpg] xf]nf eGg]
ljrf/n] dfofdLklg 3'ldg], ;doklg ljtfOg] eGg] ;f]r]/ ;f] Kofs]h lng
vf]h]sf] t cK7\of]/f]df kmn]sf] km;L{ em} kf] /x]5 . ;f] Kofs]h cf7 ah] z'? x'g]
t/ cfk"meg] * ah] dfofdL k'lug] . nf} ePg . ca Po/kf]6{df a:g] ls t cfg}
lx;fan] dfofdL 3'Dg] ljrf/ ul/of] . kfgL hxfhn] * ah] dfofdLdf 8s
u/]kl5 hxfhaf6 lg:sg cfgf] ;d"xsf] gfd gaf]nfP;Dd s'/L /xg'kg{] /x]5 .
70

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;a} ofq'xnfO{{ em08} afx| t]x| ;d"xdf afF8]/ ;f]xL cg';f/ kfn}kfnf] aflx/
lg:sg' kg{] /x]5 . o:tf] /fd|f] Joj:yfkgsf] sf/0fn] lg:sFbf wSsd wSsf
gxf];\ / lgsf; ;lhnf] xf];\ eGg] x]t'n] o;f] ul/Psf] /x]5 . cfgf] ;d"xsf]
kfnf] cfPkl5 ;xh} 9+un] ;'/Iff / cWofudgsf] laGb' kf/ u/]/ Po/kf]6{ hfg]
a; r9]/ Po/kf]6{ k'Uof}F .
Po/kf]6{ k'u]/ r]s Og ug{ vf]Hbf 6" cln{ eGof] . p8fgsf] kfFRf306f
cufl8 dfq x'G5 /] . ca s] ug{] < dfofdL t 3'Dg} kof] To;f] eP . t/ of]
;fdfg s] ug{] / sxfF /fVg] eGg] k|Zgn] 5f]8]g . oxL ;f]rnfO{{ Psl5g\ yflt
/fv]/ j]i6 kfd aLrdf a:g] d]/f ldq ;'Gb/ hf]zLnfO{{ cfk"m Po/kf]6{df ePsf]
s'/f eg]F . s'/fsfgLsf] aLrdf jxfFn] d Pshgf efO{nfO{{ ;f]W5', olb pgsf]
km';{b 5 eg] pgn] tkfO{+nfO{{ dfofdL zx/ 3'dfOlbg' x'g]5 . d}n] cK7\of/f] dfGb}
xf]Og, ca glrg]sf] dflg;nfO{{ lsg b'v lbO{/xg' eg]F . ;fyLn] Psl5g\kl5 kmf]g
u5{' eGg' eof] / Psl5g\kl5 jxfFsf] kmf]g cfof] . jxfFn] r"8fdl0f vgfn gfdsf]
efO{ cfpg'x'G5 . jxfFn] tkfO{+nfO{{ 3'dfOlbg' x'G5 eGg'eof] . x;\ eg]/ r"8fhLsf]
kmf]g gDa/ lnP/ kmf]g u/]F . cfwf 306fdf xfdLnfO{{ lng cfOk'Ug' eof] . clg
dfofdLsf] a] ;fO{8 lt/ 3'dfpg nUg'eof] eg] 3/df nGrsf]klg Joj:yf
ug{'eof] . kfFRflbgkl5 g]kfnL d;nf / :jfbsf] vfgf vfOPsf] lyof] . v;Lsf]
df;' / eft clg Tof]klg r/];sf] yfndf . l:6nsf efF8fxn] k|lt:yfkg
ul/;s]sf] r/];sf] yfndf vfgf gvfPsf] Ps o'u e};s]sf] lyof] . cfgf]
afNosfn ;Dem]F . ulx/f] / ux|f}+ clg ;'gf}nf] 6lNsg] r/];sf] yfn . Psbd
/dfOnf] dfgL vfof}+ . dfofdLsf] To; If]qdf a:g] g]kfnL hDdf * ( kl/jf/
/x]5g\\ . w]/}h;f] ljBfyL{ . clg r"8fhL rflxF jxfF ;a}nfO{{ cfgf] :jf:Yosf]
sf/0fn] ;Lldt rnxn ug{ ;Sg] ePklg rflxPsf] ;xof]u ub{} lxF8g] . ;f]xL
lbgklg s;}nfO{{ ckf6{d]06sf]nflu jxfFsf] ;xof]usf]nflu r"8fhLs} 3/df cfPsf
b'O{ efO{;Fu d]/f] e]6 ePsf] loyf] . To;}ul/ s;}nfO{{ Psaf6 csf{] ckf6{d]06
;g{ jxfFsf] dbtsf]nflu kmf]gdf s'/f eO/x]sf] d}n] ;'g]sf] lyPF . ;dfh;]jL dg
/ pbf/tfsf] pbfx/0f lyof] .
{ f]nflu
nGr vfO;s]kl5 Psl5g\ cf/fdsf;fy ukm u/]/ xfdL Po/kf]6s
k|:yfg uof+} . $=$) sf] cd]l/sg Po/nfO{G;sf] xjfO{ hxfh r9]/ elh{gLof tkm{
nfu]kl5 nf===Eofs]zg t l;l4of] kf] eGg] ;f]rn] emNofF:; kfof] .
basushrestha@gmail.com
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/+usL wgL k|sl[ t

OGb' kGt
of] ;+;f/ /+u} /+usf] ;+ld>0f xf] . /+u gx'bF f] xf] t of]
;+;f/ z"Go g} x'GYof] st} s]xL b]lv+bg} Yof] . /+un] g} of]
;+;f/nfO{{ ljleGg k|sf/n] /+ufPsf] 5 . /+u} /+un] ;lhPsL
k|sl[ t slt wgL l5g\\ . lbg}lkR5] n'uf km]l//xlG5g\\ .
ldld{/] laxfgLdf /ftf] k6'sL afFw/] xNsf KofhL / gLnf]
/+usf] cfgf] k5\of}/L p8]sf] x]//] d:t k/L cfsfzlt/ kmls{lG5g\\ .
tnlt/ uf9f xl/of], ;]tf], v}/f] a'fx 5flkPsf] hfdf lkm+hfpFl5g\\ .
lj:tf/} lj:tf/} lbgs/ lIflth/]vfsf] Tof] /ftf] k6'sfaf6
lrxfpFb} lrxfpFb} hfb"do cb[Zo s'rLn] k|sl[ tsf] kf]zfs km]l/lbg yfNb5g\\ . k|sl[ tsf]
dflyNnf] efu lgVv/ gLnf] / tNnf] efu ljleGg a'f ePsf] xl/of] /+udf k|li6b}
cfpF5g\\ . k|To]s 38L, knf kl5 ;a} /+ux km]l/ lj:tf/} kl/jt{g x'bF } hfG5g\\ . cfsfz
;'Gtn] x'G5 . cfuf]sf] /fk h:tf] rxlsnf] l;Gb'/] /+u cfsfzdf kf]Tb} kf]Tb} ;"o{
lIflthsf] s'gfaf6 Ps}rf]l6 sfnf] /+u kf]vL crfgs efU5g\\ . k|sl[ t sfnL x'lG5g\\ .
rdrdfpFbf] h/Ln] el/Psf] pgsf] sfnf] kf]zfs /fqL ef]hdf hudufpg yfN5 .
x/]s lbg k|sl[ t o;}u/L cfgf] >[f/ abln/xlG5g\\ . slxn] ;Kt/+uL OGb|0] fLdf
nk]l6PsL x'lG5g\\ slxn] hn}hn kf]sf] kf/L gLnf] sfnf] /+usf] ld>0f ePsf]
klx/gdf u8u8fpg yflN5g\\ . slxn] h/L lsgf/f ePsf] emnemn] a'f xfnL
cfsfzb]lv tn cf]ln{lG5g\\ . slxn] hnwf/fn] g'xfpFl5g\\ clg km]l/ Ct' lkR5]
kx]n
+ f],wfgL, v}/f], xl/of], /ftf], ;]tf] cflb /+uxn] a'f uf9]/ agfPsf] ;'Gb/
kf]zfs nufO{ hn ljDadf cfgf] cg'xf/ x]/L d':sfpFl5g\\ . ;f}o{ d08nn] ofFls
lbG5 rf]vf /+ux /ftf], gLnf] / kx]n
+ f] . sfnf] / ;]tf] klg kx/]bf/sf] kdf ;fy
nflu cfpF5g\\ . tL /+uxsf] l;h{gf u5{g\ . h;/L :ju{nf]saf6 wtL{df cf]ln{P/
Ps hf]8L efn] kf]yLsf] ;+ld>0faf6 ljleGg hfthfltsf] l;h{gf ePsf] lyof] .
k|f0fLsf] hGd;Fu} /+usf] hGd x'G5 . lsgls ghlGdO{ /+u b]lvGg rfx] Tof] klxn]
g} ljBdfg lsg gxf];\ . tL kfFr /+uxsf] v]naf6 hlGdPsf cgluGtL /+ux h:t}
;'Gtnf, KofhL, u'nfkmL, xl/of], v}/f], v/fgL cflb ;a} k|sl[ tsf ;DklQ x'g\ . h;nfO{{
s;}n] rf]g{ ;Qm}g . vf]:g ;Qm}g . tL /+u cljgfzL 5g\\ . abln+bf tL /+uxsf]
qmL8f x]bf{ k|f0fL dVv k5{ . slxn] xfF:5, slxn] ?G5, slxn] cxf; u5{, slxn]
/f]dflGrt x'G5 . gLnf] / xl/of]df cfgGbsf] ulx/fOdf k'U5 eg] ;]tf]df zfGt, /ftf]df
cfqmfGt x'G5 eg] kx]n
+ f] / ;'Gtnfdf pQ]lht, v}/f], v/fgLdf lg/fz x'G5 eg]
sfnf]df qf;sf] cg'ej u5{ . o;/L g} k|f0fLsf efjgfxdf /+un] kl/jt{g NofO/xG5 .
/+uxsf] >[f/af6 g} k|sl[ t ;'Gb/ b]lvPsL x'g\ . pgsf] of] >[f/sf] b[li6kfgaf6
slj / snfsf/x hGd lng] u5{g\ . cGj]ifssf] cg]s vf]hsf] yfngL ePsf] x'G5 .
tL vf]h / cg';Gwfgaf6 g} ljsf;sf, snfsf gofF gofF /+ux b]lvg] u5{g\ .
/+usL wgL k|sl[ ts} b]g x'g\ oL ;a}
df]= (*$!&!$@#%
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indupant@hotmail.com
72

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] \ xfd|f] pTkfbg
l3ld/] d}b]nL
g]kfnL h'g pTkfbgdf klg k/d'vflek]IfL 5 eg]/
cfkm}n
F ] cfkm}n
F fO{{ lsg sdhf]/ b]Vg] < cfkm}n
F ] uof
sfdnfO{{ klg la;]e
{ m}F u/]/ dgdf xLgtfu|GyL ufF;/] lsg
a:5 dfG5] < afh] a/fh'sf kfnfb]lvsf] cfFs8f kN6fP/
{ \ t xfdL o; pTkfbgdf slxn] k5fl8 k/]sf 5f}F <
x]gf];
s'g jif{ dfq xfd|f] o;k|sf/sf] pTkfbg 36]sf] cfFs8f
b]vfPsf] 5 < a? a'gf];\ Tof] s'g pTkfbg xf] . sd{of]uL
g]kfnLsf pTkfbgnfO{{ ;/sf/n] ;d]t a9L ef] sd u/
eg]/ ;do;dodf xfdLnfO{{ ;r]t u/fO/x]sf] 5 tfklg of]
pTkfbg eg] n'sLl5kL klg /f]ss
] f 5}gf}F . o; pTkfbgnfO{{ afnj[4 alxis[t pBf]u
eGbf klg km/s k/f]Og
o:tf] dxTjk"0f{ pBf]unfO{{ ga'em]/ xf] ls a'em krfP/ xf] ;a}vfn] pGglt /
pTkfbgdf ljb]zs} e/ k/]sf 5f}F t eGg' ePg lg nfh gdfgLsg u/]sf] s'/f] t
u/]F egf}F g < cfkm"xn] u/]sf sfdnfO{{ csf{n] ul/lbPsf] elglbFbf ug]s
{ f dgdf
rlt rf]6 / vf]6 knf{ < OHht / ckgTjdf s:tf] bfu nfUnf < ;a} pTkfbgdf
xfdL ljb]zs} e/ 5f},F ;]jf / ;xof]u klg pgLxs} dfq 5 eg]/ xfd|f] :jTj, k'i+ fTj
/ ckgTjnfO{{ ;f / ;6df kg]u{ /L xfd|f d'vsf] ufF; klg c?n]g} lglnlbPsf
x'g\ t eGg' ePg lg
xfdL t cd"No j:t'sf] cljlR5g\g pTkfbg ug]{ ;Rrf pTkfbs kf] xf}F t .
cfgf OHhtdf g} 3f6f x'gu] /L xfdLn] s]xL agfpg hfg]sf 5}gf}F klg t eGg' ePg
lg x]gf];
{ \ xfd|f] pTkfbg n/t/f] / lgD;/f] 5}g . uf]vf{nL pTkfbg kf] xf] t . xfd|f]
pTkfbg cfh ljZjsf vfF6L d'ns
' b]lv vf8L d'ns
' ;Dd k'us
] f 5g\\ . 7"nf] d]g
kfj/ pGgltsf] cUnf] 6fj/ xfd|} pTkfbgn] ag]sf] 5 . xfd|f] pTkfbgnfO{{ cfh
cd]l/sfn] l8aL lbP/ dfu]sf] 5 . ef/tn] la8L lbP/ dfu]sf] 5 . hfkfgn] hdfgL
lnP/ dfu]sf] 5 . x/]s d'ns
' n] kNofsk'ns
' x]//] xfd|f] alnof] / e/kbf]{ pTkfbgnfO{{
ljZjahf/n] xhf/xhf/ san]/ dfu]sf] 5 . pgLxnfO{{ klg ge} gx'g] pTkfbg t
xfd|} kf] 5 t . To;} xfdL pBf]uL 5}gf}F xfd|f] pTkfbg s]xL ePg eGg' t ePg lg
xfd|f] lxdfn, xfd|f] kxf8 / xfd|f] ;'Gb/ k|sl[ tnfO{{ xdLn] dxTj glbPsf] c?n]
eg] ljz]if dxTj lbP/ g]kfnk|lt cfslif{t ePh:t} ePg / < xfdL t cd"No
j:t'sf] cljlR5g\g pTkfbg ug]{ pTkfbs kf] xf}F t xfd|f] j+zf]Tkfbgsf] d]gkfj/
n/t/f] / lgD;/f] 5}g .
o; pTkfbgdf ld;fj6 slQklg 5}g . of] agf]6df xfdLn] s'g} k|sf/sf]
hflte]b, lne]b t emg\ u/]s} 5}gf}F . dlxnfl;tsf] ;xsfo{, ;xof]u / ;xefj
k"0ff{ 132

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gu/L o:tf] pTkfbg ;Dej gePsf] x'bF f dfgjLo ;xefj of] k|8S;gdf oy]i6 5 .
peolnL kl/>daf6 dfq xfd|f] k|ult tLa| ultdf a9L/x]sf] 5 . o:tf] lgtfGt
3/]n' pTkfbg bgfbg cl3 a9L/x]sf] 5 . cToGt} :g]xsf;fy cfFtdf cfFt xftdf
xft ;fydf ;fy ldnfP/ ul/g] :j/f]huf/sf] 3/]n' pTkfbg xf] of] g]kfnL
j+zf]Tkfbg, a'g' ef] < of] pTkfbgdf s'g} e]b lje]b ge} ;dfg'kflts Jojxf/
ePsf] 5 . hxfFtxL+ 5flgPsf, r'lgPsf, r'ldPsf r':t hf]8Ln] b'?:t pTkfbg ug]{
pBf]u kf] xf] t of] o;nfO{{ /fli6o:t/sf] dxTjk"0f{ pTkfbg dfg] x'G5 .
pTkfbg vlr{nf] 5}g a? pTkflbt j:t' g} vlr{nf] xf]nf pTkfbgdf
hgzlSt w]/} klg grflxg], ;d"x klg grflxg] b'Oh
{ gf dfqsf hf]8Ln] 3/3/df,
sf]7fsf]7fdf jga'6\ofg kfvfkv]/f 5fk|f dxn hxfF h;/L a;]/ OR5f eP
;lhn}l;t ug{ ;lsg] ;Gtfgf]Tkfbgsf 3/]n' pBf]udf xfdL u/La 5}gf}F .
ljZjn] u/]sf] ;DklQ pBf]ueGbf xfd|f] ;Gtlt pBf]u ljZjsf h'g d'ns
' df
klg cfjZos ePsf] x'gfn] ljZjahf/n] dfu];Ddsf] pTkfbgdf xfdL xfd|f 3/]n'
pTkfbgnfO{{ a9fOg} /xf}F . h] knf{knf{ kl5 k/] pTkfbsn] g} dfu]/ vfg'knf{ t/
klg xfdLnfO{{ c?n] c? pBf]usf gfdb{ eG5g\\ eg] of] pBf]udf klg gfdb{ lsg
aGg] < ljutsf j[l4b/nfO{{ x]bf{ tLg s/f]8 k'Ug' kg]{ xf], clxn] cln sd ePsf]
cfFs8f b]vfPsf]n] nueu kf}g] tLg s/f]8 ePsf]df g} lrQ a'emfpg'k/]sf] 5 . t/
klg xfd|f] pTkfbg lbg/ft hf/L 5 . ho g]kfnL j+zf]Tkfbg
d}bL, wflb

uhn
nLnf/fh bfxfn
;+3if{sf] lzv/af6 emg'{ x'GgYof]
j]bgfsf] lxdgbL tg'{ x'GgYof]
k/f]ksf/L x'F egL lhls/ lng]n]
cjnf o'jtLnfO{{ xg'{ x'GgYof]
ck/fw s]xL klg gu/]sf] eP
lkn\lkn\ /f]O{ cfFvf p;} eg'{ x'GgYof]
d[To' 5 ;fIft\ sf]xL klg 5}g cd/
afFR5' ;w}+ eGg] e|ddf kg'{[ x'GgYof]
jL/x t d'lQmsf] afhL lhlt d5{g\
gfdb{ em}+ sof}+ k6s dg'{ x'GgYof]

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k"0ff{ 132

l;h{gf / b[li6sf]0f efjL k':tfsf] nflu 7"nf] dfu{ lgdf{0f

;Todf] x g hf] z L
gf6s ljwfsf] ljifodf t oxfFxnfO{{ yfxf g} 5 .
g]kfnL gf6ssf] ;+be{ hf]8b\ f g]kfnL ;flxTosf] z'ef/De
lnR5jL sfnsf kfFrf} ztfAbLsf ljzfngu/ xfF8LufpF
lt/sf 8jnLx x'g\ . tL 8jnL g} g]kfnsf] gf6s k/Dk/fsf]
;fIfLsf kdf /xL /x]sf 5g\\ . To} j]nf klg efiff rfxL+
;+:s[t 5 . kl5 cfP/ To} ;+:s[t efiff d}lynL efiffdf
ldl;of] . To;kl5 g]jf/ efiffdf cfof] . To;kl5 g]kfnL
efiffdf cfof] . g]kfndf ;+:s[t efiffsf] Oltxf; k'/fgf]
5 . k|1f k|lti7fgn] hol:ylt dNnsf] kfnfsf] Pp6f ;+:s[t gf6s /fdf
gfl6sf pRr:t/sf] k|sflzt u/]sf] 5 . gf6ssf] Oltxf; xfd|f] lgs} nfdf] 5 .
/f0ff sfndf dfq gf6sdf kfZrfTo k|efj kof] . ;dhL cfPkl5 lj=;+= !((%
;fnlt/ o; lsl;dsf gf6sx cfP .
To:t} u/]/ ;"o{ ;'jb] Ln] clxn] g]kfnL ;flxTosf] Oltxf;df Pp6f ce"tk"j{
sfd u/]sf 5g\\ . g]kfnL efiff ;flxTosf] Oltxf;df pgn] ;flxTosf/x;Fu
cGtjf{tf{ lnP Tof] klg ef]sn kdf -6]kjftf{af6_ cfjfh d} cGtjf{tf{ lnP/
ul/Psf] of] gofF k|of]u xf] . Tof] cn] u/]sf 5}gg\ / u/]s} eP klg ;"o{ ;'jb] Lsf]
em} l;nl;n]jf/ jf l;:6d]l6s 5}gg\ .
pgn] 6]kjftf{sf] dfWodaf6 %( hgf ;flxTosf/xsf h'g cGtjf{tf{ lnP/
Pp6f ljzfn u|Gysf] kdf NofP Tof] efjL k':tfsf] lglDt Pp6f 7"n} af6f]
agfPsf] h:tf] ePsf] 5 . xfd|f] k':tf / xfdLxsf] lglDt klg xfd|f] ;flxTo stf
u} /fv]sf] 5 / cj s] ug'{ k5{ To;sf nflu klg of] s[ltn] dfu{ bz{g ug]{ sfd
u/]sf] 5 . ;"o{ ;'jb] Ln] of] l;h{gf / b[li6sf]0f k':tssf] dfWodaf6 ;flxTosf/xsf]
cGtjf{tf{ lnP em}+ vf]hLgLlt / cGj]if0f ubf{ g]kfnL ;flxTosf] a[xQ/ pGglt x'g]
s'/fdf klg z+sf 5}g . l;h{gf / b[li6sf]0f u|Gy k7gLo / ;+ux| 0fLo 5 .
;flxTodf ?lr x'g] ;a}n] k9\g' h?/L 5 .
;"o{ ;'jb] Ln] h'g kl/>d u/]sf 5g\\ / oqf] 7"nf] u|Gy tof/ u/]/ g]kfnL
;flxTosf] ;]jf u/]sf 5g\\ d d]/f] tkm{af6 / oxfF pkl:yt ;a} JolQmxsf]
tkm{af6 pgnfO{{ d'/Ld'/L wGojfb lbg rfxG5' . pgLaf6 cfufdL lbgdf klg
/fi6sf lglDt o:t} sfd eO g} /xf];\ .
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@)&) ;fn kmfu'g @$ ut] ;"o{ ;'j]bLf/f ;Dkfbg;dfof]hg
ul/Psf] ;[ h gf / b[ l i6sf] 0 f k' : tssf] nf] s fk{ 0 f ;df/f] x df lbOPsf]
dGtJosf] ;Dkflbt c+ z ..]

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75

3gZofd /fhsl0f{sf/sf] gjLgtd s[lt

k| f =8f= s[ i 0fk| ; fb bfxfn
g]kfnL ;flxTodf ;a}eGbf nf]slk|o ljwfsf kdf
lgofqfnfO{ { lng yflnPsf] 5 . haxfb' / sf]
a]nfO{tofqfaf6 n]vgdf pqg kfPsf] lgofqf ;flxTon]
clxn] w]/} g} ljsf; ul/;s]sf] 5 . y'k}| y'k+} lgofqfsfxn]
o;sf] dnhn ul//fv]sf 5g\\ . o:t} dnhn ug]{
lgofqfsf/xdWo]sf Ps x'g\ 3gZofd /fhsl0f{sf/ .
3gZofd /fhsl0f{sf/n] @)^( ;fn a}zfv dlxgfdf ofqf
cd]l/sfsf] dfof g]kfnsf] lgofqf s[lt ;fj{hlgs u/]sf
5g\\ . l8s'/f klAns];gn] k|sfzgdf NofPsf] o; lgofqf
;\ux| df lgofqfsf/ /fhls0f{sf/n] lgDglnlvt zLif{sdf lgofqfxsf] ;+of]hg
u/]sf 5g\\ . cd]l/sfdf klxnf] lbg, jfl;\6g, Go'of]s,{ af]:6g, gfou/fkmN;,
cf];g l;6L, alN6df]/, d]l/Nof08 . log} d'Vo zLif{snfO{{ pkzLif{sxdf ljefhg
u/]/ lgofqfsf/n] k|To]s lgofqfnfO{{ cf}lw rfv nfUbf] u/fPsf 5g\\ . cd]l/sfsf]
k|fs[lts ;'Gb/tfb]lv lnP/ ToxfFsf] z}lIfs, cfly{s, ;f+:s[lts, cf}Bf]lus
ljifoxnfO{{ PsPs u/]/ k|:6\ofpg lgofqfsf/ kl5 k/]sf 5}gg\ . k|To]s lgofqfdf
ljifosf] k|:t'ltdf cg'el" tsf] :jflbi6 Jo~hg k:sFb} hfg' /fhsl0f{sf/sf] ljz]iftf
xf] .
d"ntM ofqf cd]l/sfsf] dfof g]kfnsf] o; lgofqfTds s[ltdf cd]l/sfsf]
e|d0fdf k|fKt /f]rs ;fdu|LnfO{{ ljgfk"jf{ux| lgofqfsf/n] k|:t't u/]sf 5g\\ . d'eL
Sofd/f k|ljlw z}nLn] oxfF k|fyldstf kfPsf] 5 . e|d0fsf qmddf k|fKt ePsf /fd|f
g/fd|f ;a} s'/f oxfF ;d]l6Psf 5g\\ . cd]l/sf h:tf] cfly{s ;DkGgtfn] r'lnPsf]
d'ns
' df klg ljb]zLnfO{{ cfly{s kdf 7Ug] dflg; ToxfF klg ePsf] oyfy{nfO{{
lgaGwsf/n] lgw{Ss rrf{df NofPsf 5g\\ . cd]l/sfdf a;f]af; ul//fv]sf cfgf
5f]/Lh'jfO / gfltgL x[boiffnfO{{ e]6g\ lgofqfsf/ 3gZofd /fhsl0f{sf/ cfkm\gL
kTgL zfGtf /fhsl0f{sf/;lxt cd]l/sfsf] e|d0fdf uPsf x'G5g\\ . ljz'4 kfl/jfl/s
ljifoaf6 o; lgofqf ;\ux| sf] p7fg ePsf] 5 . cfgL kTgLsf] cd]l/sf hfg]
cfu|xnfO{{ 6fg{ g;s]/ cd]l/sf ofqfsf] >Lu0f]z ePsf] s'/f lgofqfsf/ atfpF5g\\ M
kTgL zfGtfsf] cfu|x / cg'/f]wn] ubf{ xf] ls d]/f] dgdf cd]l/sf Ps k6s t hfg}
kg]{ xf] ls eGg] efjgf 3';s
] f] kQ} ePg . jf:tjdf xfdL g]kfnLsf nflu cd]l/sf
Pp6f :jKg b]z g} xf] . ToxfF k'u/] cfpg' klg Pp6f 7"nf] pknlAw h:t} xf] . d}n]
cfkm}nfO{{ lgofn]/ x]/F] d clxn] ^% jif{df 6]ls/x]5' -lj=;+= @)^# df_ clxn] t
zf/Ll/s tyf dfgl;s lx;fan] :j:y 5', tGb'?:t 5', t/ bfgfkfgLsf] z/L/ ef]ln
s] xf]nf, s] eGg ;lsG5 / . To;}n] cd]l/sf Ps k6s hfg'g} 5 eg] clxn] g} lsg
ghfg] eGg] s'/f d]/f] lbnlbdfudf la:tf/} 3':g k'u5
] . -k[= !&_ o; lsl;dsf]
;f]rfOnfO{{ ;fy{s t'Nofpg lgofqfsf/ cd]l/sf k'U5g\\ . ToxfF k'Ug] lalQs} xif{n]
76

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k"0ff{ 132

ub\ub\ x'bF } o:tf] jf0fL JoQm ub{5g\\ M

OR5f lyof] Psk6s x]g{] cd]l/sf
6]sF] cfh cd]l/sfdf klxnf] kfOnf .
k|km'Nn ePF k"/f eof] dgf]sfdgf
slt /fd|f] cTofw'lgs cd]l/sf . -k[=#&_
cd]l/sfsf d'Vod'Vo zx/xdf lbn
vf]n/] 3'd] lgofqfsf/ . >LdtLnfO{{ ;fydf lnP/
jfw{Sosf] lk\df v'a dlRrP /fhsl0f{sf/ .
cfFvf cufl8 cfPsf ;'Gb/ b[ZonfO{{ Sofd/fdf
;d]6b\ } efjgfsf] ulx/fO{af6 cleJolQmsf] df]tL
a;f{p5
F g\\ lgofqfsf/ o; ofqf ;\ux| leq .
cfkm" xfF:5g\,\ c?nfO{{ xF;fpF5g\\ t/ /fli6otfsf]
lrGtfn] v'a eSsflgG5g\\ . ljb]zsf] ofqfdf
hlt /dfpF5g\,\ :jb]zsf] ;Demgfn] Tolt g}
e'tS' s x'G5g\\ / cfgf] /fi6sf] dxgLo :j/
p/fNb5g\\ M
ljb]z Tof] 3/ xf] htftt} ;DkGgtf 5
:jb]z of] 3/ xf] htftt} bl/b|gf/fo0f 5,
Tof] 3/df k'Ubf 5ftL 9Ss km"Nof]
of] 3/ ;DemFbf 5ftL r;Ss kf]Nof]
Tof] 3/ eg]sf] cfdfafa'lagfsf] 3/ xf]
of] 3/ eg]sf] cfg} hGdynf] xf]
Tof] 3/ rflxF 8'Ng] 7fpF xf], x]g{] /x/ xf]
of] 3/ rflxF a:g] hu xf], zflGtl;t dg]{ 7fpF xf] .. -k[= @)*_
lgofqfsf cg'el" tx uBdf n]Vb} hfFbf lgofqfsf/ 3gZofd /fhsl0f{sf/
sfJosf afGsLf/f cfkm"nfO{{ k|:t't ug{ klg kl5 kb}g{ g\ . lgofqfnfO{{ sflJos
;f}Gbo{f/f ;hfpg' pgsf] ljz]iftf xf] .
cGTodf 3gZofd /fhsl0f{sf/sf] ofqf cd]l/sfsf]M dfof g]kfnsf] /fli6otfsf]
efjljwfgn] el/Psf] pRr lgofqfTds s[lt xf] . oxfF lgofqfsf/n] /fli6otfsf]
dgf]jl[ Qleq v8]/L k/]sfxnfO{{ av]{ em/L a;f{OlbPsf 5g\\ . ljb]zd'vL rfs8L
ug]{ k/Dk/fnfO{{ Joo xfg]sf 5g\\ / cfgf] df6f]sf] dlxdfnfO{{ cem a9L dfly
p7fPsf 5g\\ . cd]l/sf gk'us
] f dflg;nfO{{ ofqf cd]l/sfsf] M dfof g]kfnsf] of]
s[ltf/f ufO8sf] sfd u/]sf 5g\\ . log} k|flKtxn] ubf{ of] s[lt Psbd} k7gLo
/ ;\ux| 0fLo ag]sf] 5 . lgofqfsf/ 3gZofd /fhsl0f{sf/nfO{{ cfufdL lbgdf
o:t} /fd|f s[ltxsf] lgdf{0f ug{ ;fw'jfb k|s6 ub{5' .
sf7df8f}+
kmf]g M (*$!&@$)^&

k"0ff{ 132

ebf}c;f]h @)&!

/rgf

77

kf}/vLsf] kf6f] xf] ;f]Ogd

8f= Zofd e6\6/fO{
j:Tf'tM ;f]Ogd kl9;s]kl5 nfUof] dflg;leq cfTd
k|sfz ug]{ ; ;fgf k|sfz k'~h x'bf /x]5g\,\ n3' ;+st] x'bf
/x]5g\\ . oL ;+s]t cfsfzaf6 alif{Psf kfgLsf yf]kf,
kfgLsf a'bF , a'bF sf] ;fy{stf ta x'G5 ha Tof] plrt
7fpFdf k5{ . ;xL kfqnfO{{ :kz{ u5{ . olb Tof] a'bF afn'jfdf
kof] eg] To;sf] cl:tTj d]l6G5, ;k{sf] d'vdf kof] eg]
laif aG5, olb yf]kf ;k{sf] d:tsdf kof] eg] dl0fsf]
k wf/0f u5{, sdnsf] km"nsf] 8fF7df kof] eg] zLt
aG5, ;d'bd
| f kof] eg] ;fu/sf] k lnG5, ToxL Ps
yf]kf a'bF To:t} yf]kf yf]kf 1fg sfe|] lhNnfsf u|fdL0f e]udf /x]sf :s"ndf
k':tsfno vf]n/] , vf]lnPsf k':tsfnoxsf] cjnf]sg u/]/ b]lvPsf cg'ej,
ul/Psf cg'el" t xf] of] k':ts . o;df sltko 7fpFdf xif{df e]ndf kf}8L v]Ng
kfOG5 t, nIo cg'k sfd gePsf 7fpFdf r]tfjgL . h] xf]; kfq cg';f/sf]
sd{sf] kmnnfO{{ ;f]Ogdn] lbPsf] 5 .
Pp6f kf}/vLsf] kf6f] xf] ;f]Ogd . o;sf] cy{ xf] leIff dfUb} lx8\g] nfdf hf]
sflt{s / r}qdf lx85g\\ . t/ o; k':tssf] n]vs las' nfdf cfgf] lhNnfsf]
ljsf;sf] sfddf cgj/t lx8]sf 5g\\ . ToxL lx8fOsf] pkh xf] ;f]Ogd .
sfe|] lhNnfsf b'ud
{ ;/sf/L ljBfnoxdf u|fdL0f k':tsfno vf]Ng] qmddf
cfk"mn] b]v] ef]us
] f] cg'ej / cg'el" tsf] kf6f] xf] ;f]Ogd . o;df sfe|n
] L kxf8sf]
;'uGw kfOG5 . sfe|] lhNnf sf7df08f}sf] glhs ePklg slt ljs6 If]qdf /x]sf]
5, To;sf] km]xl] /:t klg 5 kxf8sf] . df}gtfnfO{{ :jLsf/L 1fgsf] snsnnfO{{
afF8g\ tTk/ /x]sf las' nfdfsf] o; k':tsdf zAb rog, z}nLut ;+u7g /
cy{ut ;Dk|i] f0fsf] rdTsf/ /x]sf] 5 . o;df lSni6tf kfOb}g, s[lqdtf b]lvb}g,
zAb a6fl/Psf 5}gg\, p4t sf]0fsf] k|bz{gL t emg} 5b}5g} . a? sndnfO{{
;lhn};uF rnfP/ cfgf cg'el" tnfO{{ kf]vs
] f 5g\\ .
cfk"m hGd]sf], x'ss
{] f] / cfk"m k9]sf] :s"n 8fF8f sfF8f gf3]/ gp8]sf
;f]Ogd -las' nfdf_ n] ofqfsf qmddf cjnf]sg ed|0fdf, k':tsfno :yfkgfsf
qmddf cfPsf, b]lvPsf ;d:ofnfO{{ ;/n lsl;dn] ;dfwfg u/]sf] s'/fnfO{{ klg
dfw'o{ / ;x[botfsf ;fy k|:t't u/]sf 5g\\ . o;df kfl08To k|bz{gL 5}g . dfq
x[bosf] e'ne'naf6 cfk"mn] u/]sf] cg'el" tnfO{{ JoQm ul/Psf] 5 . cg'el" t JoQm
ug]{ qmddf ufFp a:tL, kxf8 3'Dbf nx/f kx/f, km"n;Fu ldt]/L nufP/ 1fgsf]
Hof]lt afNg sDd/ s;]sf las' nfdfn] ;f]Ogddf of] ;+;f/ km"n eP slt /fd|f]
x'GYof] xf]nf eGg] efjnfO{{ JoQm u/]sf 5g\\ km"n h:t} agfpg ;lsof] eg] clt
78

/rgf

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k"0ff{ 132

pQd x'G5 lhGbuL . b]Vbf km"n ;fgf] b]lvG5 t/

To;sf] ;f}Gbo{ ljzfn x'G5 . km"nsf] hLjg klg
dflg;sf] h:t} xf] . km"nsf] hLjg 5f]6f] t/ ;fx}
sf]dn x'G5 t/ o;n] 5f]8g\ ] k|efj / ;'uGw Psbd}
alnof] x'G5 . sltko s'/f xfd|f] hLjg / km"n;Fu
klg d]n vfFbf /x]5g\ . km"n eujfgnfO{{ ;d]t dg
kg]{ cg'kd pkxf/ xf] . km"n xfF:tf wtL{ klg xfF:5,
xfdLn] km"nsf] efjaf6 a'g ;lsG5 k[i7 !(! .
jf:tjdf dfG5]sf] hLjg km"n h:t} 5 . km/s olt
xf] km"n eujfgsf] lz/df r9\bf dfG5]sf] unfdf
klg a:bf Pp6} kdf k|:t't x'G5 t/ dfG5] x'bg} g\ .
km"ndf cx+sf/sf] n]; klg x'bF g} t/ dfG5] cx+sf/n]
el/k"0f{ x'G5g\ . km]l/ km"n cfgf nflu slxNo} km'Nb}g,
c?sf nflu g} km'N5g\\ . ;fob las' nfdfsf] cfzo klg km"nn] h:t} lgM:jfYf{ ;]jf
ug'{ k5{ ;dfhsf] eGg] xf] . km"nsf] s'/f NofP/ ck|ToIf kdf b]zsf g]tfnfO{{
AoUo u/]sf] x'g' k5{ . lsgls o;} k':tsdf pgn] eg]sf 5g\ ;fFRr} eGg] xf]
eg] b]z / hgtfsf nflu cfk"mnfO{{ ;dk{0f ug]{ /fhlglt1 sf]xL klg clxn];Dd
g]kfndf hGd]sf] 5}g, /fhgLltsdL{ dfq hGd] . o; b]zdf ha;Dd /fhgLlt1
hlGdb}g ta ;Dd b]z o;/L g} rln/xG5 . Pslbg cfkm}n] a'gs
] f] hfndf kg]5
{ g\
tL b]zb|fx] L / sld;gvf]/ g]tfx . ;k]/fxsf] d[To' ;fkaf6} x'G5 Ps lbg .
r'xs
] f] ufu|L / xfd|f b]zsf kltt g]tfxdf vf;} s]x] L km/s 5}g -k[i7 !(%
!(^_ . oyfy{df o:tf g]tf s;/L km"n aGg ;S5g\\ . logn] t cfF;d
' f 8'as
] f]
' f kl/0ft u/]sf 5g\ . o;f]
ufpFnfO{{ xfF;f]df xf]Og, xfF;f]df gfr]sf] ufpFnfO{{ cfF;d
x'gs
' f] k5fl8 logLxdf ;dk{0fsf] efj gx'g' g} xf] . oxfF ;Demg nfos s'/f s]
5 eg] bfgdf stf{ efj /xG5 t/ ;dk{0fdf stf{ efj x'bg} . To;}n] bfg xf]Og
;dk{0fsf] efjgfnfO{ cfTd;ft\ ug'k{ 5{ xfdLn] . of] s'/f xfd|f g]tfhLn] a'g'
+ f, /fhf lzlj ag]/ cfgf] df;' sf6]/ afhnfO{{ lbO{
k5{ . xfdL s0f{ aGg g;sf}n
k/]jfsf] Hofg arfpg g;sf}n
+ f t/ 3/df cfPsf] ofrssf] emf]nfdf s]xL /fvL
lbg t ;lsG5 lg b]zsf b'ud
{ b"/b/fhsf u/La afn aflnsf k9\g] :s"nnfO{{
Aojl:yt ug{ t ;lsG5 . ;Sg' k5{ . t/ v} xfd|f g]tfn] u/]sf], dfq pgLxn]
vNtL e/]sf 5g\ .
g]tfsf s'/f 5f8f}+ . a? cfg} afx'ann] k|sl[ tsf ljljw kf6fx;Fu h'Wb}
/ To; h'wfO{af6 k|fKt cg'ejf/f hLjgnfO{{ gofF w'/L k|bfg ug]{ JolQmn] cfgf]
cg'el" tnfO{{ ;fd"lxs agfp5 . agfpg' klg k5{ . lsgls o;af6 Pp6f 5'66\ }
;+;f/ aG5 . Tof] ;+;f/ cnf}lss ZflQmn] gagL xfdL cfkm}n] agfpg' k5{ eGg]
;dLIffTds ;f]r af]Sg] las' nfdf ;f]Ogddf n]V5g\ s'g} cnf}lss zlQmn] ;Eo
;dfhsf] lgdf{0f u/]sf] xf]Og . xfd|f] ;dfh xfdLn] g} lgdf{0f ug]{ xf] h;/L s'g}
klg r/Ln] cfk"m a:g] u'8F cfkm}n] ;'Gb/ tl/sfn] lgdf{0f u/]sf] x'G5 . p;n]
cfk"mdf ePsf] ;Lk, Ifdtf / snfnfO{{ ;+oldt tl/sfn] ;b'kof]u u/]sf] x'G5
k"0ff{ 132

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79

cfgf] af; :yfg agfpg -k[i7 @)#_ . t/ dfG5] lsg cfh c;+oldt lx+;s
| /
cf;lQmo'Qm EfPsf < o;sf] pkrf/ < lghL :jfy{sf nflu /fli6o 9's6' L n'6s
] f
5g\ . u/LaLnfO{{ 7uL vfg] efF8f] agfPsf 5g\ . u/Lasf] 9f8df 6]s/] cs"t
;DklQ sdfPsf 5g\ g]tfn] . / b]z vtd eg]/ cfgf] gfnfosLkgnfO{{ 5f]Kg
vf]hs
] f 5g\ . o:tf gfnfos g]tfnfO{{ AoUo s;]sf] 5 ;f]Ogddfs:tf] vt/f
7fpF eg]/ rGb| k|efn] elgg\, d}n] 7fpF vt/f xf]Og dfG5] vt/f /x]5g\" . o:t}
xfd|f b]zsf g]tf vt/f /x]sf] ;+st] xf] of] . lsgf]e
{ fFlt /x]sf xfd|f g]tfn] hgtfsf]
/ut kl;gfnfO{{ 3/ 3/ :s"n :s"n ufpF ufpF uP/ r';s
] f 5g\ . o:tf r';fxfaf6
arfpg ufpF a:tLdf r]tgfsf] Hof]lt afNg k':tsfno nu]sf 5g\ las' nfdfn] .
] f] xf]Og
cf}kGofl;s uGw /x]sf] of] ofqf ;+:d/0f sfe|] lhNnfsf] dfq b'v;
;du| b]zsf] kL8f xf] . cfPsf] /sd nlIft 7fpFdf gk'Ug' k'luxfn] klg sfd
sf/afxLdf nfk/jfxL ug]{ h'g k|jl[ Q 5 b]zdf To; /f]usf] cf}iflw xf] ;f]Ogd .
xl/ d~h'>Lf/f ;Dkflbt o; k':tsn] kf7snfO{{ cjZo cfslif{t u5{ . of] d]/f]
ljZjf; xf] .
ag]kf, sfe|]
kmf]g M (&$!@!^^%%

uhn
n]v sfsL{ cGof]n
gdfGbf gdfGb} l;sfof} ltdLn]
gzfsf] gbLdf 8'afof} ltdLn]
d km"n} ag]sf] lyPF hf] gh/df
agfP/ sfF8f lu/fof} ltdLn]
eg]Yof} k/]df d bf]ifL agf}n
+ f
kmsfO{ kmsfO{ km;fof} ltdLn]
pHofnf] lbg] Tof] axfgf agfO{
an]sf] lbof] g} lgefof} ltdLn]
zx/df t ltd|f] 5 rrf{ j;GtL
v'n/] } hjfgL n'6fof} ltdLn]
lekh_anyol@yahoo.com
vf]6f

80

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k"0ff{ 132

;+jfxs
g] k fn lr/~hLjL
;+jfxs /fwf sfsL{f/f n]lvPsf] n3'syf ;+ux| xf] .
lj=;+=@)&) ;fndf k|sflzt o; ;+ux| df ^$ j6f n3'syf
;+ux| Lt 5g\\ . ljut Psbzsb]lv syf / sljtf If]qdf
snd rnfpFb} cfPsL n]lvsfsf ljleGg klqsfdf km'6s/
/rgf klg k|sflzt ePsf 5g\\ . ;+jfxs n]lvsfsf] k|yd
n3'syf s[lt xf] . g]kfn k|1f k|lti7fgdf sfo{/t n]lvsfn]
d"ntM ;fdflhs, /fhg}lts, cfly{s, kfl/jfl/s, wfld{s,
;f+:s[lts nufotsf ljifoj:t' ;d]6/] of] s[lt lgdf{0f
u/]sL 5g\\ .
;fdflhs ljs[lt, lj;lt k|lt ghflgFbf] kf/fn] Jo\o ub}{ n]lvsfn] ;Eo
/ lzi6 tl/sfn] clwsf/ / :jtGqtfsf] kIfdf cfjfh p7fPsL 5g\ . hlt;'s}
;dfgtf / clwsf/sf] efif0f u/]klg ;fdGtL lkt[;QfTds ;dfhdf JofKt
gf/Lx k|lt x'g] lje]b, zf]if0f, gsf/fTds ;f]r ;fy} jfnjflnsfdfly x'g] cGofo
/ cTofrf/sf af/] s'/f p7fO{ jfn clwsf/ / gf/L hfu/0fsf k|lt ;zQm plePsL
5g\\ syfsf/ sfsL{ . gf/LhGo ;d:of k|lt a9L ;r]t x'bF } lszf]/fj:yfdf cfPsf]
pR5[v
\ ntf, kfl/jfl/s lju|x ;fy} a]/f]huf/L ;d:of klg pgsf] syfsf ljifo
ag]sf 5g\ . n]lvsfn] cfgf] hLjgdf ef]us
] f] h:tf] nfUg] ;'v, b'Mvsf s'/f,
/fhg}lts g]tT[ jsf] :j]R5frfl/tf / wf]sj] fh k|jl[ Q ;fy} ;dfhsf] blxlrp/]
k|jl[ QnfO{ klg ;6Ls 9n] k|:t't u/]sL 5g\ .
pQ/cfw'lgstf tkm{ pGd'v cfhsf] ;dfh slt qm"/ aGb} uO/x]sf]5 eg]
sltv]/ s;n] s;nfO{ 3ft u5{, ljz]if ul/ cfkmGtxaf6} ;hu / ;r]t x'gk' g]{
lj8Dagfk"0f{ l:yltsf] lrq0f s[ltdf ul/Psf] 5 . cGt/ ldq eGbf ;txsf
zq'nfO{ k/f:t ug{ a9L ;lhnf] x'g] s'/f b]vfOPsf] 5 .
s[lt k9\g] qmddf To; leqsf 36gf kl/36gfn] kf7snfO{ dGqd'Uw
t'NofpF5g\ . nfU5 oL ljifoj:t' cfg} cg'el" t kf] x'g\ ls To;}n] s[lt hLjGt
5 . k9\bf st} k6\of/ gnfUg], 5f]6f] / ld7f] x'gfn] ;do lat]sf] kQ} kfOFbg} .
kf7snfO{ df]xgL nufpg s[lt ;kmn 5 .
dfgj hLjg / Aoaxf/ ;fFRr} Pp6f ;d:of ePsf] 5, u/Laxsfnflu
s] u/Lasf 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] k9\g] /x/ k"/f xFb' g} < k[=!! - ;d:of _ eGb} u/La
kl/jf/sf] cfly{s ;d:of s[lt dfkm{t phfu/ ePsf] 5 .
;dflhs snsf] kdf /x]sf] 5'jf5't / hftkftn] jt{dfg ;dfhklg
cfqmfGt 5 . %) aif{ b]lv hftkft / 5'jf5'tnfO{ sfg"gn] ck/fw dfg]sf] 5,
b08gLo agfOPsf] 5 t}klg slyt tNnf]hftsf elgg]x;Fu af]ns
] } e/df ;dfh
k"0ff{ 132

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/rgf

81

lgsfnf / alxisf/ ;Ddsf cdfg'lifs s[ofsnfk jt{dfgdf klg sfod} 5g\ eGg]
;Gb]z lbPsf] 5 . tF a|fx\d0f s'nsL 5f]/L eP/ tNnf]hftsf] s]6f ;Fu p7a;
ug]{ < t]/f sf/0f ;dfhdf d'v b]vfO{ ;Sg' ePg o:tfn] hGdg' cufj} d/]sf] eP
cfh oL s'/f ;'Gg' kg]{ lyPg . -:jk, k[=%*_ eGb} ;dfhdf ljBdfg ljs[ltnfO{
cf}N+ ofO{Psf] 5 . cfhsf] o'udf ;d]t xfd|f] ;dfh slt k5fl8 k/]sf] 5 ;fdflhs
r]tgfsf b[li6n] o;jf6 5n{ x'G5 .
oxfF s]xL sdhf]/L klg gePsf xf]Ogg\ . syf ;+ux| lvr8Lsf] kdf cfPsf]
5 . uGygem}F nfUg] sltko syf syfs} lglDt n]lvPsf h:tf] nfU5 . syfxn]
s]jn ;d:ofnfO{ dfq phfu/ u/]sf] b]lvof] t/ ;d:of ;dfwfg tkm{ s[lt Tolt
pBt b]lvPg . h] ePklg s[lt ;fdflhs r]tgf hufpg] vfnsf] 5 . gf/LjfbL
;|i6fsf kdf n]lvsfsf] pbo ePsf] 5 . eljiodf cem} ;zQm / hfu/0fd"ns
s[lt k9\g kfOg] ck]Iffsf;fy n]lvsfnfO{ ;[hgfTds pj{/tf j[l4sf] sfdgf
;lxt z'eR] 5f
uf]bfj/L ! ,nlntk'/,
(*$!#^*(%@

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kf7\o ;fdu|L Pj+ :6]zg/L ;fdfgxsf
lglDt xfdLnfO{ ;Demg'xf];\
kf7 ;fdu|L k;n
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hfd] dfs]6
{ , /Tgkfs{, sf7df8f}+
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82

/rgf

ebf}c;f]h @)&!

k"0ff{ 132

d PSnf] / pbf; p:t}

c?0faxfb' / vqL gbL
;dsfnLg lgaGw, syf, ;dfnf]rgf, uLt /
sljtfn]vgdf ;d]t :yflkt eO;s]sL lqmofzLn ;|i6f
uLtf lqkf7Lsf] d PSnf] / pbf; p:t} gfds ;+:d/0ffTds
lgaGw ;\ux| @)&), j}zfvdf k|sflzt ePsf] 5 . o;
s[ltleq u|e
] of8{ / d]/f] uGtJoM ssgL, /fdaxfb'/ l;+x,
alu/x]5g\\ jf0fLx, pHofnf] hf]ufpg] k|oTgdf, dxfslj
b]jsf]6f / ztjflif{sLsf] df};d, kfZj{WjgL Pp6f b'MvfGt
uLtsf], ofqf / s'lx/f], cfg} vf]hsf] k|f/De nufot
ljleGg zLif{ssf !( j6f lgaGw /flvPsf 5g\\ . pgsf
lgaGw kl9/xbf kf7sxn] uLtfsf cg'el" tnfO{{ cfgf cg'el" t;Fu Psfsf/ ug{
;S5g\\ / lgaGwn] p7fPsf] ljifo / ;Gbe{nfO{{ ;xh kdf a'g ;S5g\\ . d
PSnf] / pbf; p:t} 5f]6f, 5l/tf / ;lhnf ;To 36gfdf cfwfl/t lgaGwxsf]
;\ux| xf] . o;leq xfdLn] afFlr/x]sf] oxL ;do / oxL ;dodf eO/x]sf 36gf
kl/36gfx 5g\\ .
o; ;\ux| leqsf] u|e
] of8{ / d]/f] uGtJoM ssgL zLif{ssf] klxnf] lgaGwleq
j]u8sf] of] cgj/t gbL k|d] / gbLdo hLjgk|ltsf] cg'/fun] lgaGwsf/ uLtfnfO{{
klg cfgf ;'Gb/ 7fpFxk|lt lh1f;' agfPsf] lyof] . tL w]/} gbLx tL w]/} tfnx
/ tL w]/} kxf8, d}bfg / lxdfnsf ;f}Gbo{ w'jfFh:tf] eP/ pgsf] ultxLgtfdf lk/f]
kf]lv/x]sf lyP . uLtf lqkf7Ln] of] ;:+d/0ffTds lgaGwdf cfkm" nufot cg]s
JolQm / ltgsf kl/l:yltxsf] dfld{s ;+of]hg u/]sL 5g\\ . logn] n]vs
] f lgaGwdf
efiff / efjsf] ;'Gb/ g[To 5 . Pp6f lgaGwdf pgL elG5g\\ b]zsf] dfof lyof]
efiffsf] dfof lyof] d'6d' f . uLtfsf] uLtsf/, syfsf/, lgaGwsf/, slj, ;dfnf]rs
k|ltefsf] ;+of]un] g} oL lgaGwx olt ;'nlnt, ;zQm / ;Gb]zd"ns ePsf 5g\\ .
logsf] ;aeGbf 7"nf] ljz]iftf xf] :jfefljstf h'g logsf] ;|i6f JolQmTj h:t}
68\sf/f] 5 . o; ;\ux| sf ;a} lgaGwx uLtfsf efjgfTds pTs[i6tfsf gd"gf
x'g\ . oL lgaGwx ;/n efiffdf n]lvPsf 5g\\ . /fdaxfb'/ l;+x zLif{ssf] lgaGwleq
efF8f w'g] sfdaf6 /fdaxfb'/ l;+x /fd|f] s's;Dd alg;Sbf g]kfn cfpFbf Nofpg
nfossf] cWoog klg ;Fu;Fu} ug'e
{ Psf] /x]5 . pxfFn] d]l6s ;]s0] 8 l8lehgdf kf;
ubf{ pxfF xf]6nd} sfd ug'x{ G' Yof] /] . cfgf] of] c;Ld v';Ldf pxfFn] To;a]nf cyf{t\
;g\ !(^) df kfFr;o ef?sf] ld7fO{ afF8g\ e
' Psf] lyof] /] elgPsf] 5 . pHofnf]
hf]ufpg] k|oTg zLif{ssf] lgaGwdf hLjgdf klxnf] rf]l6 k|dv
' cltly eP/ pHofnf]sf]
To; r]tgfd"ns sfo{qmddf lbof] ;NsfO/x]sL lyPF d ;fy lbO/xg' ePsf] lyof]
k|sfz bfO / ljqmd kf08]Ho"n] . xfjfsf] Ps emf]Ssf aQL lgefpg] b'ik|of;df h'6s
] f]
lyof], k|sfz bfO b'a} xftn] aQLnfO{{ 5]s/] pHofnf] hf]ufpg] k|oTgdf x'gx' G' Yof] Tof]
If0f lgaGwsf/ uLtfn] eg] lgbf kmfhnLsf] uhnsf ;'Gb/ k+lQmx ;lDem/x]sL lyPF
k"0ff{ 132

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83

h'g uhn em08} Ps jif{ cufl8 ;|i6f ;gts'df/ j:tLn] ljz]if ;Gbe{df ;'gfpg'ePsf]
lyof] elgPsf] 5 . cgf}krfl/s nfUg] z}nLdf hLjgjfbL dfld{s ;Gbe{xn] ubf{ d
PSnf] / pbf; p:t} lgaGw ;\ux| sf] tf}n u?f] ePsf] 5 . l8ln6 gePsf
cIf/x zLif{ssf] lgaGwdf hLjg eg]sf] t gf6\ozfnf dfq t /x]5 ;]S;lko/n]
eg]em}+ cfcfgf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ul/~h]nsf] . sl/a b'O{ dlxgfh:tf] k9]sf lyof}+
xfdLn] zf/bf Dof8d;Fu . o:t}df Pslbg pxfFsf] cfTdljZjf;L cg'xf/df s]xL
b'Mvsf afbn ;NanfO{/x]em}+ nfUof] . ;f]Wg ;lsPg . Psb'O{ lbgkl5 pxfF sn]h
cfpg'ePg . d\l;/sf] lr;f]n] sn]hsf] af6f]nfO{{ sqmSs agfO;s]sf] lyof] .
pxfFsf] cg'kl:yltsf] b'Mvb rrf{n] eg] lj:tf/} tftf] 7fpF lnof] elgPsf] 5 . h8jt
olt w]/} df]x 5 yfx 5}g . Pp6f c6'6h:tf] nfUg] of] ;DaGw slt 6'qmf eP/
hf]l8Psf] 5 ;\s6sf tL lbgxsf] ;Demgfn] dfq} klg sljtfsf] h:t} cfg} klg
dfof nfu]/ cfpF5 of] cfkm}kl| tsf] l67 eg] xf]Og eGg] d}n] a'em]sL 5' eGbl5g\\ .
uLtfn] o; ;\ux| leqsf lgaGwx x[bosf] cfb]zdf / dgsf] cfu|xdf sf]/s
] L 5g\\ .
lgaGwxdf pgL cfgf] lrGtg Pj+ hLjgbz{gnfO{{ cleJolQm lbg lgs} cft'/
b]lvPsL 5g\\ t/ To;sf nflu ux'| fux'| f k|;u+ df l5g'{ eGbf klg ;fdfGo ;Gbe{xnfO{{
g} cfgf] ljrf/ cf]5o\ fpg] cfwf/ /f]Hg ?lr b]vfPsL 5g\\ pgn] . o;n] ubf{
c;Dk|i] otfsf] ;d:ofaf6 d'Qm 5g\\ pgsf oL ;a} lgaGwx . o; ;\ux| sf]
gfd;Fu h'ws
] f] d PSnf] / pbf; p:t} zLif{ssf] lgaGwleq lgaGwsf/ uLtf cem}
ofqfd} l5g\\ . /fgLkf]v/Lsf] Ps kmGsf] k"/f ePsf] 5 . s]xL k':tsx cfhsf] ceLi6
] gn a's xfp; pgsf cfzfsf b'O{ s]Gb| cem}
ag]sf 5g\\ . d08nf a'S;\ / Ph'sz
v'n} 5g\\ . cg'el" tsf] cfFvfdf gj]{ zLif{sleq au}rfsf] 5]p5fpdf n6/Dd kmn]sf
rSn]6L :ofpsf xfFufeGbf sd n6/Dd lyPgg\ cfh slj n]vsxsf dgdf
cg'el" tsf xfFufx elgPsf] 5 . ofqf / s'lx/f] zLif{sleq v8]/Lsf] df/df k/]sf
ds}sf ;;fgf la?jfx, afFem} 6f/L v]t cfhsf] em/Ldf ?Fbf?Fbf yfs]sf cg'xf/
h:tf b]lvGy] . Ps lsl;dsf] df}g kL8f af]ln/x]sf] k|sl[ tnfO{{ cfFvfsf] Sofd/fdf s}b
ub}{ lyP elgPsf] 5 . dxfslj b]jsf]6f / ztjflif{sLsf] df};d zLif{sleq afpGg
;fndf pgs} hGd zx/df Pp6f 3/ agfPkl5 uLtfn] 3/sf] leQfdf dxfsljsf]
Pp6f t:aL/ em'08\ofOg\ . 3/k|jz
] sf] ;fOtd} . lg/fsf/ cljlbtsf] ofqfdf lgSn]sf
pgL cBflk Tof] tl:a/ x'bF } ch;| cfb/df p;/L g} hfu|t eO/x]sf] lgaGwsf/ uLtf
kfpFl5g\\ .
efiffdf /km\tf/ 5 uLtfsf] . ;xfg'el" tn] leh]sf] of] lgaGw;\ux| df eg]
lgaGwsf/ uLtf 8'ns
] f] b]lvG5 . o; lgaGw;\ux| leqsf ljifoj:t' / tYon]
g]kfnL ;dfhsf] Pp6f :s]r lbG5, h;dfly ;dfhzf:qLx cfcfgf] ljZn]if0fsf]
uf9f /+u eg{ ;S5g\\ . ;dfhzf:qLo cWoogn] xhf/f}+ jif{ k'/fgf] ;dfh / kfq;Fu
klg ;+jfb ug{ ;S5, tYonfO{{ 6]s/] . cGTodf uLtf lqkf7Lsf o:t} cGo ;fy{s
s[ltx klg lg:s]/ xfdLn] k9\g kfpg] cfzf /fv]sf 5f}+ .

5
84

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;fdfv';L dfu{, sf7df8f}+

arunkhatri2024@gmail.com

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k"0ff{ 132

df]tL/fd e / Pkm=P=sf s'/f

lzj /] U dL
ut ;fnsf] c;f/ dlxgfsf] s'g} lbg k'/fgf
kqklqsf s]nfpg] qmddf g]kfnL ;flxTo ;Dd]ng klqsf
sf] 7]nL d]/f] xftdf cfOk'Uof] . cfOk'Uof] t s] eGg' cfg}
;+ux| df /x]sf] klqsf z'?df q}dfl;s kdf k|sfzgdf
NofOPsf] of] klqsf kl5 jflif{s kdf lgSng yfn]sf]
b]lvG5 . o;} klqsfsf] jif{ @ c ! -c;f]h, !(()_ df
sljj/ w/0fLw/ zdf{ sf]O/fnfn] n]Vg' ePsf] efiff /
;flxTo zLif{s n]v 5flkPsf] /x]5 k9\g yfn]+ . k|:t't
n]v g]kfnL ;flxTo ;Dd]ngsf] ltLo jflif{sf]T;jsf]
cj;/df lbg'ePsf] efif0f /x]5 . k9\b} hfFbf g]kfnL ;+;f/df efg'eQmdf]tL/fd
;z/L/ ljBdfg 5}gg\ t/ klg oL pko'Q
{ m dxfg'efjxsf jrgfd[t kfgsf] k|yf
cem} k|rlnt 5
xfdL g]kfnL dfqn] kl08t df]tL/fd esf cToGt u'0fL x'gk' 5{ . df]tL/fd
esf s[kfn] ubf{ g} xfdLn] efg'eQmsf sljtfsf /;f:jfbg ug{ kfPsf 5f}+ .
efg'eQmn] eujt elQmsf pNnf;df /fdfo0f agfPtfklg k|rf/ ug]{ sfd df]tL/fd
esf] lyof] . a+ufnL hutdf a+lsd rGb| rf]kfWofon] / lxGbL ;+;f/df afa'
Zofd;'Gb/ bf;n] h:tf] a+uefiff / lxGbL efiffsf] ;]jf u/] xfd|f df]tL/fd en]
klg p:t} u/] . k'/fgf vfn] a'9fx c+uh
]| L afhx lau|] eG5g\\ . t/ d]/f ljrf/df
tf cfw'lgs hutdf dft[efiff ;]jff/f cfg' hfltsf] OHht cfj? a9fpgdf
]| L afhn] ul//x]5g\\ pltsf] ;+:s[t afhn] u/]sf 5}gg\ . a+ufnLdf,
hltsf] c+uh
lxGbLdf, d/f7Ldf, u'h/ftLdf / g]kfnLdf c+uh
]| L k9\gn
] ] hlQsf] lbn lbP/
dft[efiffsf] ;]jf u/]sf 5g\\ cyjf ub}5
{ g\\ plQsf] c+uh
]| L gk9\gn
] ] u/]sf] b]lvPsf]
5}g . df]tL/fd e Onfxfjfb o'lgjl;{6Lsf Pkm=P=x'g\ eGb} pxfFn] cufl8 n]Vg'ePsf]
5 sfzL, ef/t hLjg k|;
] df sfd ubf{ dft[efiffsf] k|d
] n] cfKnljt e} efg'eQmsf]
/fdfo0f vf]hL 5kfpg] Og} x'g\ .
w/0fLw/sf] dflysf] n]vfO{ k9]kl5 v'zLn] ub\ub\ ePF . oL s'/f k9]kl5
s;nfO{{ eg"F < s;nfO{{ ;'gfpF < sf] 56k6L x'g yfNof] . clg w/0fLw/;Fu
glhssf] ;fOgf] ufF:g], sf]O/fnfaf/] a9L hfgsf/L /fVg] Ps ljfgnfO{{ kmf]g u/]+
t/ pxfF eg] snsQfaf6 afx]s cGoqaf6 Pkm=P=u/]sf s'/fdf ;xh x'g ;Sg'
ePg, d}n] lemgf] cfzf /fv]/ u/]sf] kmf]g a]sf/ eof] . To;} u/L bf];f| ] kmf]g d]/f
afNo ;vf lq/Tg dfgGw/nfO{{ -k"j{ pks'nklt, n'lDagL ljZJfljBfno_ u/]+ pxfFn]
Onfxfjfb ljZj ljBfnosf] af/]df s]xL hfgsf/L lbg'eof] / Onfxfjfb ljZj
k"0ff{ 132

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85

ljBfnodf k9]/ cfPsf ;fyLx;Fu ;f]wL vf]hL ul/lbg] cfZjf;g lbg'eof] .

t];f| ] kmf]g df]tL/fd e;Fu k|ToIf ;+nUg kl/jf/df x'ls{g' ePsf k|sfz P=/fhnfO{
u/]+ . pxfFn] klxnf]kN6 ;'gs
] f] k|ltqmof lbg'eof] .
oxL qmddf w/0fLw/sf] hLjgL k9\g yfn]+ . pxfFn] aL=P=aL=6L=ug's
{ f ;fy}
b]x/fb"g / Onfxfjfbsf] of] tfnLd ljqmdsf] &@&# ;fnlt/sf] cg'dfg x'G5,
df]tL/fd en] Pkm=P=lbPsf] @!@@ jif{ kl5sf] ;do cyf{t\ sf]O/fnfn] cfgf]
Onfxfjfbsf] ;}lgs tfnLdsf] qmddf Onfxfjfb ljZjljBfnoaf6 df]tL/fd en]
Pkm=P=u/]sf] s'/fs]f hfgsf/L lnPsf] x'gk' 5{ .
otf, sf7df8f}d
+ f df]tL/fd esf] lgwgsf] em08} #&#*jif{ kl5 tTsfnLg
lzIff 8fO/]S6/sf] cfb]zfg';f/ lk|lG;kn ?b|/fh kf08]sf cg'/f]wdf k+=g/b]j
kf08]n] #$ jif{ nufP/ df]tL/fd esf] ;lrq hLjgL -!((%_ k|sflzt ug'e
{ Psf]
5 . g/b]j kf08]o / df]tL/fd e ;dsfnLg Pjd\ gftf ;DaGwL x'gx' G' Yof] . h]
hlt tYo k|df0f kfpg'eof] Tolts} cfwf/df g/b]jn] hLjgL n]Vg'eof] . w/0fLw/
zdf{sf] dfly pNn]lvt Pkm=P=sf] s'/f k9\g kfpg' ePsf] eP s]xL ;f]wvf]h x'GYof]
xf]nf t/ Tof] x'g ;s]g Toltv]/ . Toltv]/ dfq s] eGg' / < slj sf]O/fnfsf
n]vx k9]/ slj df]tL/fd ;DaGwL s'/fsfgL pxfF;uF u/]sf] ePklg tYo v'NYof]
xf]nf pxfF afFr~' h]n kf08]n] n]Vg'ePsf] df]tL/fd esf] hLjgL clxn] k9\bf w]/}
s'/f ;Rofpg] cj:yfdf /x]sf 5g\\ . ;'wf/ ug'k{ g]{ cj:yfdf /x]sf 5g\\ .
g/b]j kf08]n] df]tL/fd esf] cWoogsf ;DaGwdf logn] $* ;fndf
snsQf uO{ OG6;
] kf; lbP . ToxfFkl5 g]kfn} cfO{ Pkm=P=k9\g nfu] .
TolQs}df logn] $( ;fndf k9\gnfO{{ snsQf hfg'kof] . clg snsQfdf
%) ;fnsf] hfFr lbO{ oxfF cfP . t/ hfFr clGkm6 ePsf] sfuh cfPsf]n] ;fx|}
ckm;f];\ dfgL pxL+ uO{ k9\5' egL km]l/ %! ;fnsf] >fj0fdf snsQ} uP .
g/b]jsf pko'Q
{ m k+lQmx k9]kl5 dgdf k|Zg p7\5 %! ;fnsf] hfFr
df]tL/fdn] lbg'eof] ls ePg t < pxfFsf] hLjgLdf t Ps}rf]l6 %@ ;fndf hfFr
lbg] tof/Ldf nfUbf !% lbgb]lvg} ljifd Hj/n] xdnf uof] . To;}n] logn] hfFr
lbg kfPgg\ eGg] n]lvPsf] b]lvG5 . %) ;fndf lbPsf] Pkm=P=km]n ePkl5 s]
pxfFn] Psfw jif{ lbSs dfg]/ ufnfdf xft nufP/ a:g' eof] x]fnf t < To:tf]
pT;fxL df]tL/fd eaf6 slxNo} o:tf] sfd ePg xf]nf a? s] x'g ;S5 eg]
pxfFn] %! ;fnsf] Pkm=P=hfFr cnfxfjfbaf6 lbP/ pQL0f{ ug'e
{ of] . gq w/0fLw/
zdf{ sf]O/fnf h:tf k9] n]vs
] f ljfgn] a'b} ga'lem df]tL/fd e Onfxfjfb
o'lgjl{;6{ Lsf Pkm=P=x'g\ eg]/ ls6]/ n]Vg' x'g] lyPg xf]nf ls s;f] <
@$ c;f/ )&!
kmf]g M )!$$&)@$%
^! do"/ dfu{, dWojfg]Zj/, sf7df8f}+

86

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k"0ff{ 132

/rgfn] lgdf{0f u/]sf] Oltxf;

cfb/0fLo /f]rs bfO{,
/rgfn] /r]sf] g]kfnL ;flxTosf] cfw'lgssfnsf]
Oltxf;sf af/] ;flxTosdL{xnfO{{ /fd|} yfxf 5 . Ps
JolQmsf] lghL nufgL / lqmofzLntfdf olt nfdf] cfo'
kfpg' /rgfsf] cx+ kIf x'b} xf], ;Fu;Fu} ;do ;dodf
cfof]lht ljz]if ;fdu|Ln] ;d]t o;sf] cf]hj[l4 u/]sf]
x'G5 . k'/fgf / nAwk|lti7b]lv ;j{yf ckl/lrt gofF
cg'xf/;Ddsf n]v/rgfsf] of] :jtGq k|sfzg d~r ;bf
hLljt /xf];\ / o;df 5flkgsf nflu n]vsxdf x'g]
x'6x'6L klg a9L/xf];\ .
o;k6ssf] cflbslj efg'eQm cfrfo{ s]lGb|t c+s k9]kl5 nfUof], tkfO{n
+ ]
csf]{ Ps Oltxf; /rgf ug'e
{ P5 . efg'eQmsf af/] klxn] d'lb|t t/ b'ne
{
;fdu|LxnfO{{ d"n ;fdu|Lsf kdf /fv]/ kl5Nnf] l5dnsf kf7ssf lglDt
tkfO{n
+ ] u'g nufpg ;Sg'ePsf] 5 . oL ;fdu|L vf]hL k9\g s'g} cg';Gwftfsf
+ ] ;lhn} ul/lbg'ePsf] 5 .
nflu klg ;lhnf] xFb' g} Yof] . Tof] sfo{ tkfO{n
efg'eQmsf af/] df]tL/fd, w/0fLw/, rqmkfl0f, k'is/;dz]/, afns[i0f ;d,
l;l4r/0f, nIdLgGbg rfln;] h:tf dxfdgf, g]kfnL jf\dosf w|j' tf/fxsf
/rgfn] efg'eQmk|lt Tolta]nf s:tf] b[li6sf] ljsf; ePsf] lyof] eGg] :d/0f
u/fPsf 5g\\ . logdf klg afns[i0f ;dn] u/]sf] afNdLsL, ljBf/0os]z/L, /3'gfye,
u'dfgL kGt / efg'eQmsf] t'ngfTds cWoog cf}lw rfvnfUbf] b]lvG5 . kl08t
s'nrGb| uf}tdsf] /fdfo0f dxfTDo tyf ;/bf/ ?b|/fh kf08]sf] efg'eQm /
df]tL/fd zLif{s /rgfn] klg Tolta]nfsf ljfg\xdfem efg'eQm slt;Dd lk|o
lyP eGg] k|df0f kfpg ;lsG5 . cem a9L dxTjk"0f{ ;fdu|L xf] ljVoft ef/tLo
ljfg\ sGx}ofnfn dfl0fsnfn d'G;Lsf] k|:tfjgf h;n] efg'eQmsf] sfJosd{nfO{{
/fdfo0fsf] /rgfeGbf k/ nu]/ ljgf]blk|o sljksf] klxrfg lbPsf] 5 / Jofks
g]kfnL hftLo ;+:s[ltsf pGgfossf kdf pgnfO{{ x]g{] a'g] r]i6f u/]sf] 5 .
d'G;L eG5g\,\ ljljw ju{sf dflg;xnfO{{ ldnfpg] Pstfsf] d"n efiff tyf
;+:s[lt k|bfg u/]/ efg'eQmn] g]kfnsf] cg'kd ;]jf u/] . pgn] /fdfo0ff/f
k/:k/ ldnfpg] of}6f 7"nf] zlQm ;[li6 u/] . ;j{;fwf/0fsf] efiffsf kdf
ljsl;t x'g] k|fdfl0fs k g]kfnL efiffsf] eof] . efg'eQmsf] d"lt{ e~hg u/]/
cfTd/ltdf /dfpg]xn] oL k+lQmdf cfgf s[Tosf] hjfkm kfpg ;lhnf] xf];\ /
a'lemof];,\ cfgf] ;doeGbf ptf x'g vf]Hg' ;dok|ltsf] j]OdfgL xf] . To;}n]
aw"lzIffaf6 dfq} efg'eQmsf] ;du| of]ubfgnfO{{ vNnf] t'Nofpg' plrt x'Gg .
xfdL efg'eQmsf ;Gtlt n]vsxnfO{{ o:tf] cfof]hg Ps ljz]if pkxf/
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] f] h:tf] x'bF f] /x]5 . b]jsf]6f / l/dfn, u'k|;fb d}gfnL / ljsn cflbdf
klg c+s s]lGb|t ug]{ k|of; xf]nf g} . lhpFb} x'bF fsf dg' a|fhfsL klg o:t} c+ssf
xsbf/ x'gk' g]{ xf] . o; ;+ux| 0fLo k|of;sf lgldQ tkfO{n
+ fO{{ ;fw'jfb 5 .
tkfO{+ / /rgf b'as
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shyamal2016@gmail.com

sn Ol08of ===
dfq ? @=() k|lt ldg]6
;fy} stf/, ;fpbL c/]laof, o"=P=O=, ax/fOg /
s'at] df kmf]g ubf{ ca dfq ?=!@ k|lt ldg]6 .

kmf]g ug]{ tl/sf M

!$@$ slG6sf]8+ kmf]g g+=
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u/L ;'Gg ;Sg' x'g5
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pNn]lvt dxz'n b/df g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
lgodfg';f/ nfUg] s/ ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5}g .

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efg' lztjflif{s slt ;fy{s <

cflbslj efg'eQm ;d:t g]kfnLsf uf}/j x'g\ . g]kfn
cfdfsf tL cd/ ;k"ts
\ f] b'O{ zof}+ hGdjif{ xf]of] @)&!
;fn . /fli6o lje"ltsf] dfGotf kfPsf efg'eQmnfO{ pgn]
lbPsf] of]ubfg ;'xfpFbf] sb/ /fi6n] uof] u/]g of] s'/f
rflx+ ;Gb]xf:kb g} 5 .
efg' lztjflif{s dgfpg ;/sf/L :t/df ;ldlt
agfOg' ;fy{s s'/f lyof] . Tof] ;ldlt k|wfgdGqLs}
cWoIftfdf ag]sf] eP /fd|f] x'GYof] . @)!! ;fndf tTsfnLg
k|wfgdGqL dft[sf k|;fb sf]O/fnfn] slj lz/f]dl0f n]vgfynfO{ pgsf] &! cf}+
hGdf]T;jsf cj;/df /ydf r9fP/ ;f] /y k|wfgdGqL cfkm}n
+ ] tfg]/ ;|i6f cr{gf
u/]sf] pbfx/0f xfdLsxfF 5 . xfnsf k|wfgdGqL ;'zLn sf]O/fnfn] cfgf k'vf{n]
/fv]sf] To:tf] uf}/jdo Oltxf;af6 lzIff lnPsf] b]lvPg .
;+:s[lt dGqfnosf ;lrjsf] cWoIftfdf ag]sf] ;ldltf/f cfof]lht efg'
] f / Go"gtd b'O6f
lztjflif{s pT;j ljljw sfo{qmd u/]/ ;DkGg eof] . &! jif{ k'us
k':ts 5flkPsf s/Lj b'Oz
{ o hlt ;|i6fnfO{ bz, bz xhf/ /sd ;lxt k'/:s[t ug]{
;"rgf lgsflnof] . cflbsljsf] gfddf o;/L ;|i6fx ;Ddflgt x'g' ;fy{s s'/f
lyof] . k'/:sf/ lglDt gful/stf, k':tssf] clgjfo{tf clg pd]/ xbaGbL tf]lsg'
h:tf k|fjwfg rflx+ ljjfbsf ljifo ag] . rpGg jif]{ efg'eQmnfO{ tL;jif]{ df]tL/fdn]
g]kfnL ;dfhdf k|Voft kf/]sf x'g\ . ltg} efg' / df]tLsf cg'ofoLnfO{ k'/:s[t ug{
PsxQ/ jif]{ k|fjwfg nufOg' ;'xfpFbf] ePg . Pp6f dfq s[lt ePsf cyjf k':tsfsf/
s[lt g} gePsfxnfO{ k|f1 dfq xf]Og k|1f k|lti7fgsf s'nkltpks'nklt ;d]t
x'g of]Uo 7fGg] ;/sf/n] ;|i6ff/f ul/Psf] jf\do;]jf, ;dk{0f / of]ubfgnfO{
d"Nofg u/]/ k'/:s[t u/]sf] eP ljjfb/lxt / ;fy{s x'GYof] ls efg'kl| t >4f /x]klg
sltko ;|i6fn] n]vsLo dof{bf / :jfledfgsf] k|lts"n dfkb08 / k|so[ f agfPsf]
x'bF f To:tf] ;Ddfg lng' ckdflgt x'g' xf] eGb} k'/:sf/ glnPsf rrf{ klg aflxl/P
lztjflif{ssf] clk|o k|;u+ aGof] of] .
efg'eQm / pgsf] ;flxTosf ljljw cfofdaf/] lztjflif{s ;df/f]xsf
sfo{qmddf ljfgxf/f sfo{kq k|:t't ul/P . efg' ;flxToaf/] ljfgxnfO{
zf]wcGj]if0f cWoog ug{ nufOof] . sljtflgjGwlrqsnf cflb ljifodf k|ltof]lutf
cfof]lht ul/P . efg' lztjflif{ssf] cj;/df k|:t't ul/Psf ljljw sfo{kq,
cg';GwfgfTds cfn]v, sljtflgjGw, lrqsnf k|ltof]lutfdf k|fKt ;fdu|LxnfO{
k':tsfsf/ kdf NofOg] hfgsf/L lbOPsf] 5 . tL k':tsn] cflbsljaf/] dxjk"0f{
cWoog ;fdu|L k|:t't ug]{ 5g\ eGg] ljZjf; ug{ ;lsG5 .
k"0ff{ 132

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;df/f]x ;ldltn] ljleGg ;flxlTos klqsfnfO{ efg' ;DaGwL ljz]iff lgsfNg

;xof]u ug'{ :jfutof]Uo xf] . s]xL dxjk"0f{ / 5'6g\ } gx'g] ;flxlTos klqsfn]
To:tf] ;xof]u kfPsf] b]lvPg . otflt/ b[li6 k'Ug ;s]sf] eP k|fl1s If]qlglDt
Tof] cem pknlJwk"0f{ 7xl/g] lyof] .
b'O{ zof}+ efg' hoGtL dgfpg k|To]s c~rnnfO{ Ps, Ps nfv cg'bfg
;df/f]x ;ldltn] pknAw u/fPsf] lyof] . :yfgLo ;flxTosf/sf] ;+of]hsTjdf
agfOPsf To:tf ;ldltn] c~rn :t/df u/]sf ultljlw dfkm{t\ efiff ;flxTosf
If]qdf s]xL rxnkxn NofPklg kfPsf] /sd ;j} c~rnn] k"0f{ ;b'kof]u u/] ls
st} b'?kof]u klg eof] To;sf] n]vfhf]vf ;+:s[lt dGqfnoaf6 xf]nf g} dxjk"0f{
cfof]hgfx ubf{ dfgjLo sdhf]/L cyjf c;fjwfgLsf sf/0f sltko q'l6
x'ghfg' c:jfefljs xf]Og . eljiodf To:tf q'l6 gbf]xf]l/o'g\ eGg]tkm{ ;r]i6 /x]/
lhDd]bf/L k"/f ug{ tTk/ /xg' a'l4dQf 7xl/g] 5 .
efg' lztjflif{ssf] o; rrf{df s]xL clk|o ;Gbe{ p7\g' klg c:jfefljs
x'bg} . efg' hGd:ynsf] hL0ff]4{ f/, eUgfjz]ifsf] kdf /x]sf] efg' 3/sf] k'glg{df{0f
h:tf s'/fdf ;/sf/sf] Wofg uPg . g]kfn cfdfsf dxfg\ ;k"t efg'eQmsf]
hGd:yn ;d:t g]kfnLsf] ;flxlTos tLy{:yn xf] . To; :ynsf] b'ul{ t Hofb}
nHhfsf] ljifo ePsf] 5 . To; 7fpFnfO{ To;sf] uf}/j cg';f/ kfGtl/t ug{
;/sf/ lgis[o /xg' lgGbgLo xf] .
efg'eQmsf] eJo :df/s, eJo k|ltdf d'ns
' sf] /fhwfgLdf g/xg' csf]{
nfhdbf]{ s'/f xf] . cflwslj ePsf]n] cfwf g} 78\ofpg'k5{ eGg] dfGotfn] kf]
xf] ls b/af/ :s"nsf] kvf{nsf] leQfdf cflbsljsf] ;fgf] cfwf z/L/sf] zflns
78\ofOPsf] cGoq klg efg'sf] k|ltdf uj{of]Uo kdf /flvPsf] 5}g . ef/tsf]
bfhL{ln\, l;Ssd, c;dsf g]kfnLn] pEofPsf efg'eQmsf eJo ljzfnsfo
k|ltdfaf6 g]kfnn] lzIff glng' lj8Dagf xf] . Wj+z ul/Psf efg'sf k|ltdfx
k'g:yf{lkt ug{ Wofg uPsf] klg b]lvPg .
efg'eQmsf] b'O{;of}+ hGd hoGtLnfO{ :d/0fLo agfpg, g]kfn / g]kfnLnfO{
pgn] nufPsf] u'g ltg{ o; cj;/df efg'eQmsf] gfddf ljZjljBfno, k|1f
k|lti7fg, a[xt\ k':tsfno cyjf eJo pBfg h:tf ;+/rgf agfOg' cyjf
ePs}nfO{ efg'sf] gfd lbOg' plrt x'GYof] . o; lglDt /fi6n] s]xL s/f]8 vr{
ug'{ cgy{ x'b}gYof] ;Qf / zlQm ePsfxn] cfgf] JolQmut :jfy{k"lt{ lglDt
/fli6o 9's'6Ldf r/d a|Dxn"6 ug'{ oxfF ;fdfGo s'/f ePsf] 5 . t/ efg'eQm
h:tf /fi6sf dxfg\ uf}/jsf of]ubfgsf] plrt sb/ ug{ ;/sf/;Fu ;fwg;|f]t
5}g . of] Hofb} Iff]esf] ljifo xf] . cem} klg ;do 5 dfly p7fOPsf s'/fk|lt
;/sf/n] uDeL/ eP/ Wofg b]cf];\ /fi6sf cd/ lje"ltxnfO{ ;d'lrt
;Ddfg b]cf];\ log} efjgf ;lxt b'O{zo jif{ k'u]sf cflbsljnfO{ xflb{s >4f
clegGbg
;fy} @)&! ;fnsf] a8fbz},+ ltxf/ / 57sf cj;/df xfd|fkf7s n]vs
lxt}ifL ;lxt ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLdf xflb{s z'esfdgf
90

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cGTodf
xfd|f lgoldt :tDesf/, g]kfnL efiff ;flxTosf ljgoL ;]js, ljfg cg';Gwftf
lzj /]UdL @)&) ;fnsf] hubDaf >L k'/:sf/af6 ;Ddflgt x'ge
' Psf]df xflb{s
awfO{
@)&) ;fnsf] dbg k'/:sf/ vn+ufdf xdnf Pp6L g;{sf] 8fo/L gfds
s[ltn] kfPsf]df To;sL ;|i6f /fwf kf}8n
] nfO{ xflb{s awfO{
g]kfnL syf If]qsf ljVoft ;h{s, cf~rlns syfsfl/tfsf pGgfos dg'
a|fhfsL @)&) ;fnsf] k>L k'/:sf/af6 ;Ddflgt x'ge
' Psf]df xflb{s awfO{
g]kfnL cfVofgsf pj{/ ;|i6f, ljljwtfo'Qm ;[hgfsf s'zn lzNkL w|j' rGb|
uf}td @)&) ;fnsf] k>L ;fwgf ;Ddfg af6 ;Ddflgt x'ge
' Psf]df xflb{s
awfO{

cfkm" k9f}+ / c?nfO{ k9fcf}+

;|i6f, lgaGwsf/ Pj+ ;dfnf]rs
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k9f}+ tyf c?nfO{ k9fcf}+
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-;+jt\ @)%$, ;Dkfbg, g]kfn k|1f k|lti7fg_
/rgfsf] cleJolQm
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k[YjLjfbsf] dd{
-;+jt\ @)^), lgaGw ;Fufnf], ;femf k|sfzg_
;+/Ifs
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k|sfzg_
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-;+jt\ @)^(, ;dfnf]rgf ;Fufnf], ;femf k|sfzg_

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