Assessment Name: MB0050

Assessment ID:

33512

Question ID:

471473

Question Label:

Q11
a.

Discuss the various types of questionnaires.

b.

What is snowball sampling?

c.

Discuss field editing.

Question Text:

Answer Text:

a. Various types of questionnaires: 1. Formalizes and Unconcealed questionnaire:

This is the one that is the most frequently used by all management researchers. 2.
Formalizes and concealed questionnaire: These questionnaires have a formal method
of questioning; however the purpose is not clear to the respondent. The research
studies which are trying to find out the latent causes of behavior and cannot rely on
direct questions use these. 3. Non-formalized and unconcealed: Some researchers
argue that rather than giving the respondents pre-designed response categories, it is
better to give them unstructured questions where they have the freedom of
expressing themselves the way they want to. 4. Non-formalized and concealed: If the
objective of the research study is to uncover socially unacceptable desires and
subconscious and unconscious motivations, the investigator makes use of questions
of low structure and disguised purpose. (6 marks) b. Snowball sampling: Snowball
sampling is generally used when it is difficult to identify the members of the desired
population. Under this design each respondent, after being interviewed, is asked to
identify one or more in the field. This could result in a very useful sample. (2 marks)
c. Field Editing: Usually, the preliminary editing of the information obtained is done
by the field investigators or supervisors who review the filled forms for any
inconsistencies, non-response, illegible responses or incomplete questionnaires. Thus
the errors can be corrected immediately and if need be the respondent who filled in
the form, can be contacted again. (2 marks)

Score:

10.00

Assessment Name: MB0050

Assessment ID:

33512

Question ID:

471474

Question Label:

Q12
a.

Explain the measures of central tendency.

Question Text:

b.

What is null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis?

Answer Text:

a. 1. Mean: The mean represents the arithmetic average of a variable is appropriate

for interval and ratio scale data. The mean is computed as: Where, = Mean of some
variable X =value of ith observation on that sample n=Number of observations in the
sample. 2. Median: The median can be computed for ratio, interval or ordinal scale
data. The median is that value in the distribution such that 50 per cent of the
observations are below it and 50 per cent are above it. The median for the grouped
data is computed using the following formula: Median= Where, l= lower limit of the
median class f= frequency of the median class CF= cumulating frequency for the
class immediately below the class containing the median h= size of the interval of the
median class N= sum total of all frequencies. 3. Mode: The mode is that measure of
central tendency which is appropriate for nominal or higher order scales. It is the
point of maximum frequency in a distribution around which other items of the set
cluster densely. in the case of grouped data, the following formula may be used:
Mode= Where, l= lower limit of the modal class f1, f2= the frequencies of the classes
preceding and following the model class respectively f= frequency of modal class h=
size of the class interval. (6 marks) b. 1. Null Hypothesis: The hypotheses that are
proposed with the intent of receiving a rejection for them are called null hypotheses.
This requires that we hypothesize the opposite of what is desired to be proved. The
null hypothesis is denoted by H0 2. Alternative hypotheses: Rejection of null
hypotheses leads to the acceptance of alternative hypotheses. The rejection of null
hypothesis indicates that the relationship between variables or the difference between
means or the difference between proportions have statistical significance and the
acceptance of the null hypotheses indicates that these differences are due to chance.
The alternative hypotheses are denoted by H1. (4 marks)

Score:

10.00

Assessment Name: MB0050

Assessment ID:

33512

Question ID:

505152

Question Label:

Q14

Question Text:

a.

Explain the two descriptive research designs.

b.

Write notes on errors affecting research design.

c.

What is primary data?

a. Two descriptive research

longitudinal studies.

4 marks
We have discussed three types of research
design.
i. Exploratory research
Is conducted
using focus group
discussion, secondary data, analysis of case study and expert opinion
survey.
ii. Descriptive designThe purpose is to describe a phenomenon.
iii. True Experimental and Statistical designThe
respondents are selected at random which may
not
be
the case in real life.
4 marks
c.
Primary data, as the name
suggests, is original,
problem or project specific and collected for
the
specific
objectives and needs spelt out by
the
researcher.
2 marks
b.

Answer Text:

Score:

designs are cross- sectional studies and

10.00

Assessment Name: MB0050

Assessment ID:

33512

Question ID:

505153

Question Label:

Q15
a.

Question Text:

Discuss the various structures of Interviews.

b.
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the questionnaire
method.
c.
a.

What is systematic sampling?

Answer Text:

Structures of interviews are

i. UnstructuredThis type of interview has no defined guidelines.
The probability of
subjectivity is very high.
ii. Semi structuredThis has more defined format and usually only
the road areas to be investigated are formulated.
iii. StructuredThis format has highest reliability and validity.
4 marks
b. Advantages
i. Benefit of this method is adaptability.
ii. It assures anonymity if it is selfadministered by the respondent.
iii. There is no pressure of immediate response.
Disadvantages
i. The inexpensive standardized instrument has limited applicability.
ii. Skewed sample response could be another problem.
4 marks
c.
Systematic sampling takes care of the limitation of the simple
random sampling that the sample may not be a representative one. In
this design, the entire populations arranged in a particular order.
2 marks

Score:

10.00

Assessment Name: MB0050

Assessment ID:

33512

Question ID:

469596

Question Label:

Q5

Question Text:

Explain the types of Research.

Answer Text:

1. Business Research 2. Basic Research 3. Applied Research 4. Exploratory Research

5. Conclusive Research 6. Descriptive Research 7. Casual Research

Score:

10.00

Assessment Name: MB0050

Assessment ID:

33512

Question ID:

469598

Question Label:

Q7

Question Text:

Explain the Nonprobability sampling designs.

Answer Text:

1. Convenience Sampling 2. Judgmental Sampling 3. Quota Sampling 4. Snowball

Sampling

Score:

10.00