POWER SYSTEM - II

Course Code:

BEL 601

Credit Units: 04

Course Objective:
The basic objective of the course is to impart knowledge to the students on power system protection

Course Contents:
Module I: Metal Enclosed Switchgear
Introduction, Types of switchgear, High voltage indoor metal enclosed switchgear- general features, draw out
type metal enclosed switchgear, sheet steel switch boards, switchgear with vacuum interrupters, Low voltage
metal clad switchgear and low voltage circuit breakers- unit type, classification, rated quantities, tests on low
voltage circuit breakers, Explosion proof switchgear, Low voltage control gear and contactor- terms and
definition, rated characteristics, tests, Control panels
Module II: Neutral Earthing
Introduction, Terms and definition, Disadvantages of ungrounded Systems, Advantages of neutral grounding,
Types of grounding, Ungrounded system, Connection of arc suppression coil, Neutral point earthing of
transformer LV circuits, Neutral grounding practice, Earthing transformer, Station earthing system, Resonant
grounding - Methods of neutral grounding.
Module III: Protective Relaying
Introduction, Importance, Protective zones, primary and backup protection, desirable quantities of protective
relaying, Some terms in protective relaying, Basic operation of relay, Classification of relays, Buchholzs relay,
Induction relays, Directional relays, Distance relays- impedance relay, admittance relay, classification of
distance relays and distance protection, Differential relays
Module IV: Static Relays
Introduction, Static relay techniques using semi conductors,: Phase and amplitude comparators, Duality between
phase and amplitude comparators, general equation for comparators, Basic elements of a static relay, overcurrent relays, differential protection, static distance protection
Module V: Apparatus Protection
Alternator protection- types of faults, Stator protection, differential protection, rotor protection, over load
protection, loss of excitation protection, un balanced loading protection, prime mover protection, over speed
protection, over voltage protection, Transformer protection-, nature, faults in auxiliary equipment, winding
faults, over load and external short circuits, differential protection of transformers, over current and earth fault
protection, tank leakage protection, restricted earth fault protection, gas relays, transformer feeder protection,
Induction Motor Protection: Abnormal operating conditions, Contactors and circuit breakers for motors, Under
voltage protection, phase and Earth fault protection, Overload protection, Unbalanced voltage protection, Single
phasing preventer, Phase reversal protection.
Module VI: Computer aided relaying
Introduction to microcomputer based relays, general functional diagram of micro computer based relays.
Advantages over conventional relaying techniques. Relay testing: Relay test benches

Examination Scheme:
Components
A
CT
S/V/Q
HA
EE
5
10
8
7
70
Weightage (%)
CT: Class Test, HA: Home Assignment, S/V/Q: Seminar/Viva/Quiz, EE: End Semester Examination;
Att: Attendance

Text & References:

Text:
S. S. Rao - Switchgear and Protection - Khanna Publishers, N.Delhi, 1990.
T.S.Madhava Rao - Power System Protection - TMH, 1979
I. J. Nagrath and D. P. Kothari - Power System Engineering, TMH, 1994
References:
Badriram and D. Vishwakarma - Power System Protection and Switchgear - TMH, 1995
Ravindranath B. and Chander. M - Power System Protection and Switchgear - Wiley Eastern, 1994.

UTILIZATION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY

Course Code:

BEL 603

Credit Units: 03

Course Objective:
This course intends to impart knowledge on the practical and practice aspects of electrical engineering

Course Contents:
Module I: Illumination
Basic laws of illumination; light sources and their characteristics; sources of light; design of lighting schemes;
incandescent lamp; sodium lamp; mercury lamp and fluorescent lamp; comparison of various lamps.
Module II: Heating and Welding
Electrical heating-advantages, methods and application, resistance over general construction, design of heating
elements, efficiency and losses control. Induction heating: core type furnaces, core less furnaces and high
frequency eddy current heating, dielectric heating: principle and special applications, arc furnaces: direct arc
furnaces, Indirect arc furnaces, electrodes, power supply and control. Different methods of electrical welding
and electrical equipment for them. Arc furnaces transformer and welding transformers.
Module III: Traction
Advantages and disadvantages, system of electric traction, diesel electric locomotives. Mechanics of train
movement: simplified speed time curves, average and schedule speed, tractive effort, specific energy
consumption, factors affecting specific energy consumption.
Module IV: Traction Motors
DC motors, single phase and three phase motors, starting and control of traction motors, braking of traction
motors. Modern 25 KV a.c. single phase traction systems: advantages, equipment and layout of 25 KV, single
phase power frequency A.C. traction.
Module V: Electric Drives
Individual and collective drives- electrical braking, plugging, rheostatic and regenerative braking load
equalization use of fly wheel criteria for selection of motors for various
industrial drives.

Examination Scheme:
Components
A
CT
S/V/Q
HA
EE
5
10
8
7
70
Weightage (%)
CT: Class Test, HA: Home Assignment, S/V/Q: Seminar/Viva/Quiz, EE: End Semester Examination;
Att: Attendance

Text & References:

Pratab. H. Art and Science of Utilization of Electrical Energy: Dhanpat Rai & Sons, 2001
Wadhwa C.L. Generation, Distribution and Utilization of Electrical Power; Khanna Publications,2005
Gupta.J. B. A Course of Electric Power, S. K. Kataria & Sons, 2009
Uppal .S. L. Electrical Power, Khanna Publisher, 2005
Dover. A. T. Electric Traction , Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons Ltd. 1965
Taylor Open Shaw Utilization of Electrical Energy, ELBS, 1995