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Platinum_Exam Practice Book_COVER_Physical Science_Gr10.indd 2

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2011/10/06 3:17 PM

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 1 2011/09/19 09:27:52 AM

Grade 10
PHYSICAL SCIENCES
PRACTICE TEST ONE
Marks: 40
QUESTION 1
There are four possible options for each answer in the following questions. Each question has
only ONE correct answer. Choose the correct answer and write only A, B, C or D next to the
question number.
1.1

Consider the following statements regarding waves:

(i)

The velocity at which a wave travels along a spring is directly proportional to the
tension of the spring.

(ii) The velocity at which a wave travels along a spring decreases as the mass density
of the spring increases.
(iii) The mass density of a spring depends on the length of the string.
Which of the above statements are CORRECT?

1.2

(i), (ii) and (iii)

(i) and (ii)

(i) and (iii)

(ii) and (iii)

(2)

Consider the diagram of a wave with a frequency of 5 Hz.

The distance XY can be described as:

A

the wavelength

the amplitude

the period

twice the amplitude.

(2)

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 2 2011/09/19 09:27:52 AM

1.3

The distance between two consecutive crests in a wave train is 8 cm. If two complete
waves pass a point in 1 s, then the velocity of the wave is:
A

16 cms1

8 cms1

4 cms1

1,25 cms1

(2)
[6]

QUESTION 2
Give ONE word/term for each of the following descriptions. Write only the correct word/term next
to the question number.
2.1

A single disturbance that moves along or through a medium.

(1)

2.2

The rate of change in the distance that an object travels.

(1)

2.3

Materials that can transmit an electric current.

(1)

2.4

The place on a wave where the particle displacement has the maximum positive value.

(1)

2.5

The phenomenon that occurs when superposition results in greater displacement of the
particles in a medium.

(1)

2.6

Electricity that does not move around in a circuit.

(1)

2.7

The capacity to do work.

(1)

2.8

Sound caused by irregular vibrations.

(1)
[8]

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 3 2011/09/19 09:27:52 AM

QUESTION 3
Two pulses, A and B, are moving at the same speed along a light string. Pulse A is moving to
the right with an amplitude of +7 cm, while pulse B is moving to the left with an amplitude of
+3 cm. Pulses A and B meet at position C. Assume that all energy is conserved.
3.1

Make a labelled sketch to represent these two pulses before they meet at C. Include the
amplitudes and direction of motion.

(4)

3.2

What type of interference will take place when these two pulses meet?

(1)

3.3

What is the amplitude of the pulse as they meet at point C?

(1)

3.4

How will the amplitude of pulse B change after the interference at point C? Write only
INCREASE/DECREASE/STAY THE SAME.

(1)

Make a labelled sketch to represent the resulting pulse(s) after they have crossed each
other.

(2)

3.5

[9]
QUESTION 4
The diagrams below show three wave sketches. Each block represents 1 unit.

4.1

Which sketch has the greatest amplitude?

(1)

4.2

Which sketch has the shortest wavelength?

(1)

4.3

Describe how the wavelength would be affected if the period of the wave in A was
doubled.

(1)

4.4

4.5

Which ONE of the following is a transverse wave? Write only the correct answer.
SOUND WAVE / LIGHT WAVE / ULTRASOUND WAVE

(1)

Light waves are used in fibre optics to send digital signals all over the world. Name
THREE advantages of the digital signal over the analogue one.

(3)
[7]

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 4 2011/09/19 09:27:52 AM

QUESTION 5
Standing waves form the basis of music. When a guitar string is plucked the string vibrates to
form a standing wave. The diagram below is a sketch of a three-segment standing wave.

5.1

Describe the boundary conditions at A and E that give rise to the standing wave in the
diagram above.

(2)

5.2

Name THREE conditions that are necessary to form standing waves.

(3)

5.3

Choose a letter that indicates a(n):

a)

node

(1)

b)

antinode.

(1)

5.4

What does the term antinode refer to?

5.5

The distance between two consecutive nodes is: (Write only the correct letter.)
A

half a wavelength

one wavelength

one-and-a-half wavelengths

two wavelengths.

(2)

(1)
[10]
[TOTAL: 40 marks]

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 5 2011/09/19 09:27:52 AM

Grade 10
PHYSICAL SCIENCES
PRACTICE TEST TWO
Marks: 65

QUESTION 1
1.1

An atom of element X has an atomic number of 11 and a mass number of 23.

a)

What is the definition of atomic number?

(1)

b)

How many protons, electrons and neutrons are in this atom?

(3)

c)

A different atom of X has an atomic number of 11, but a mass number of 24. Give a
name for these two forms of X.

(1)

Would these two atoms have similar chemical properties? Give a reason for your
answer.

(2)

d)

Element Y is in the same group as X, but in the period below X.

e)

Give the chemical name for the element Y.

(1)

f)

Compare the ionisation energy of these two atoms which would have the larger
value? Give a reason for your answer.

(2)

Give the chemical formula of the compound that is formed when element Y
combines with chlorine.

(2)

Draw the Lewis structure to show the formation of the bond that has occurred in
this compound.

(2)

g)
h)

1.2

James picks up a brittle black solid that he calls element Z. He notes that it can conduct
heat and electricity and that it is often used to make fires for cooking or heating. It can
also be found in another form, a clear solid that is very hard. This form of Z is often
used in fine jewellery. It does not react with acids.
a)

Is element Z a metal or a non-metal? Give a reason for your answer.

(2)

b)

Identify element Z.

(1)

c)

Explain why element Z can be found as a brittle black solid, and a colourless hard
solid if it is the same element.

(3)
[20]

QUESTION 2
2.1

Consider the reaction between sodium carbonate and hydrochloric acid. It reacts to
produce sodium chloride, carbon dioxide and water.
a)

What is the common name for sodium chloride?

b)

Balance the chemical equation below:

Na2CO3 (s)

HCl (aq)

NaCl (aq)

(1)

+ CO2 (g) +

H2O (l)
(2)

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 6 2011/09/19 09:27:53 AM

2.2

c)

State the Law of Conservation of Matter.

(2)

d)

Show that the mass is conserved in the reaction.

(6)

Consider the production of hydrogen chloride. Balance the equation below and fill in the
missing volume of gaseous product formed.
H2 (g)

Cl2 (g)

HCl (g)

If 8 cm3 of H2 reacts with an excess of Cl2, ______ cm3 of HCl (g) is produced.

(2)
[13]

QUESTION 3
Alice and Zureshni would like to do an experiment to investigate what happens when a charged
object like a ruler is brought close to a neutral object. They have a small neutral ball wrapped in
tin foil attached to a piece of string and a Perspex ruler. Alice brings along a silk cloth.

3.1

Explain the difference between a charged object and a neutral object.

(2)

3.2

Write down a possible investigative question.

(2)

3.3

Write down a possible hypothesis.

(2)

3.4

Name at least ONE variable that must be controlled during this investigation.

(1)

Alice rubs the Perspex ruler with the silk cloth to give it a negative charge.
3.5

Were electrons added to or removed from the Perspex ruler during this process?

(1)

3.6

Is the ruler an electrical conductor or insulator? Explain your answer.

(2)

Alice then brings the ruler close to the ball without touching it. She notices that the ball is
attracted to the ruler.
3.7

Explain why the ball is attracted to the ruler. What is the name of this process?

(3)

3.8

Draw a sketch showing how the charge is distributed on the surface of the ball.

(3)

3.9

Provide ONE example of where this electrostatic attraction is used in everyday life and
an advantage of its use.

(2)
[18]

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 7 2011/09/19 09:27:53 AM

QUESTION 4
Consider the circuit below: The bulbs are identical. The resistance of the battery, ammeter and
connecting wires can be ignored.

4.1

Calculate the voltage of all three cells if they can transfer 90 J of energy to 20 C of
charge.

(4)

4.2

What would the potential difference of each cell be?

(2)

4.3

A charge of 30 C of charge passes a point in the main circuit in 40 s. Determine the

strength of current passing through the main circuit.

(4)

4.4

Determine the current through each individual light bulb.

(2)

4.5

If one of the light bulbs burns out, how would the brightness of the other two bulbs be
affected? Write only SHINE BRIGHTER/SHINE DIMMER.

(2)
[14]

[TOTAL: 65 marks]

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 8 2011/09/19 09:27:53 AM

Grade 10
PHYSICAL SCIENCES
PRACTICE TEST THREE
Marks: 45

SECTION A
QUESTION 1
There are four possible options for each answer in the following questions. Each question has
only ONE correct answer. Choose the correct answer and write only A, B, C or D next to the
question number.
1.1

Joseph is leaning on the railing of a tall building. His cellphone drops out of his hands
and falls to the ground. Which of the following combinations of velocity and acceleration
for the motion of the cellphone is correct?
Velocity

Acceleration

Increases

Increases

Decreases

Increases

Increases

Remains constant

Remains constant

Remains constant
(2)

1.2

A truck is travelling at a constant velocity along a straight road. As it travels up a steep

hill it slows down uniformly. Which ONE of the following velocity vs. time graphs best
represents the motion of the car?

D
(2)

1.3

Which ONE of the following statements is true of a body that is accelerating at a

constant rate?
A

The rate of change of velocity with time remains constant.

The velocity of the body increases by increasing amounts in equal time intervals.

The position changes by the same amount in equal time intervals.

The rate of change of position with time remains constant.

8

(2)

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 9 2011/09/19 09:27:53 AM

1.4

1.5

In an exothermic reaction, the following occurs:

A

the reacting substances gain chemical energy

the surroundings gain thermal energy

the products of the reaction have more mass than the reactants

the temperature of the reacting mixture decreases.

(2)

When a chemical change occurs:

A

there is no change in mass, in the number of atoms or in the number of molecules

there is no change in mass or the number of atoms, but there is a change in the
number of molecules

there is no change in mass, but the number of molecules and the number of atoms
change

the mass, number of atoms and number of molecules all change.

(2)
[10]

QUESTION 2
Give ONE word/term for each of the following descriptions. Write only the correct word/term next
to the question number.
2.1

The total amount of mechanical energy in an isolated system remains constant.

(1)

2.2

A wave in which the particles of a medium move at right angles to the direction of wave
motion.

(1)

2.3

An instrument that measures the potential difference across a particular part of a circuit.

(1)

2.4

The speed and direction of an object at a given instant.

(1)
[4]

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 10 2011/09/19 09:27:53 AM

QUESTION 3
Write balanced chemical equations for each of the following descriptions:
3.1

Lightning causes nitrogen to combine with oxygen to form nitrous oxide.

(3)

3.2

The industrial preparation of ammonia by the Haber process.

(3)

3.3

Sulfur dioxide dissolving in atmospheric water to produce acid rain.

(3)
[9]

QUESTION 4
Dumisane and Natalie were investigating the temperature changes that occur when calcium
chloride (powder) is added to a sodium bicarbonate solution.
4.1

Suggest a suitable investigative question.

(2)

4.2

Describe how you would conduct a suitable experiment to record the temperature
changes when calcium chloride is added to a sodium bicarbonate solution. Include the
apparatus that is required.

(6)

When the experiment was performed, Jane observed that a white precipitate was formed, along
with the production of a gas. Dumisane recorded the following temperatures:
Temperature (C)

21

34

42

45

46

46

Time (s)

30

60

90

120

150

4.3

What is the independent variable?

(1)

4.4

What is the dependent variable?

(1)

4.5

Name ONE condition that should be kept constant to ensure accurate results.

(1)

4.6

Plot the above results on a suitable graph. Join the points to form a smooth curve.

(6)

4.7

Is this an endothermic or exothermic reaction? Provide a reason for your answer.

(2)

4.8

Write down a suitable conclusion for this experiment.

(2)

4.9

Suggest what change(s) Natalie could make to the experiment to increase the
temperature by a further 5 C.

(1)
[22]

[TOTAL: 45 marks]

10

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 11 2011/09/19 09:27:53 AM

Grade 10
PHYSICAL SCIENCES
PRACTICE TEST FOUR
Marks: 70

QUESTION 1
Thandi visits a theme park that has one of her favourite rides, The Pendulum. This is a ride
where the rider acts as a human pendulum. Riders are secured in a safety harness and hoisted
up to a height of 30 m and then released to swing like a pendulum through the U-shaped
supports as seen the picture. The riders can reach speeds of up to 90 kmh1.

1.1

1.2
1.3

1.4

Assuming that Thandi has a mass of 75 kg, calculate her gravitational potential energy
when she is stationary at point A, the top of the hoist. Ignore the effects of air
resistance.

(4)

Using your knowledge of mechanical energy, determine Thandis velocity on the swing
at the lowest point, C.

(4)

If the force of air friction were taken into account, how would the velocity of the person
at the lowest point of the swing be affected? Write only INCREASE/DECREASE/STAY
THE SAME.

(1)

Thandis baby sister, Yvonne, wants to go on The Pendulum but she does not pass the
safety regulations of the harness, as she is only 1,1 m tall and has a mass of only 32 kg.
Predict what could happen if she is allowed on the ride.
(2)
[11]

11

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 12 2011/09/19 09:27:53 AM

QUESTION 2
A lift carries 4 people from the ground floor to the sixth floor at a height of 19 m. The average
mass of each person is 65 kg and the mass of the lift is 800 kg.
2.1

What is the definition of gravitational potential energy?

(2)

2.2

Calculate the potential energy of the lift and the passengers when it has come to rest at
the sixth floor.

(5)

The lift is stationary on the sixth floor when the cable holding the lift suddenly snaps, and the lift
and the passengers fall to the ground. Ignore the effects of friction.
2.3
2.4

Using the Law of Conservation of Mechanical Energy calculate the velocity of the lift just
before it hits the ground.

(3)

In reality, mechanical energy is not conserved during such a fall. Give TWO reasons
why the falling lift may experience a much lower velocity than calculated.

(2)
[12]

QUESTION 3
A new stadium is being built in preparation for the football World Cup. A large pillar is being lifted
by a crane. The mass of the pillar is 1 100 kg, and it is lifted 310 m above the ground when the
cable holding it secure, breaks. The pillar falls to the ground. Ignore the effects of air resistance.
3.1

State the Law of Conservation of Mechanical Energy.

(2)

3.2

Calculate the potential energy of the pillar at a height of 310 m.

(4)

3.3

Calculate the potential energy of the pillar when it is 50 m above the ground. Explain the
difference in potential energy between this height and 310 m.

(4)

Use the Law of Conservation of Mechanical Energy to calculate the velocity of the pillar
just before it hits the ground.

(4)

3.4

[14]
QUESTION 4
Read the following news extract carefully and answer the questions that follow:
Sunshine powers water pumps in Africa (adapted from http://www.waterforall.org/stories)Marta Njamsa is 18 and like so many women and girls in developing countries, Marta was tasked with
the time-consuming chore of collecting water. In January, Water For All donated a solar water pump to
their village.
Marta said, "Before the Sun Pump, we had to walk eight kilometres to the nearest village to get water
and used a hand pump. It was always breaking. Now Marta obtains clean drinking water with the
simple turn of a tap.
The Sun Pump uses the power of the sun to drive a pump that is capable of producing between 8,00030,000 litres of water a day. Each pump is powered by three solar panels.
12

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 13 2011/09/19 09:27:53 AM

Mbu, a teacher at the school where the Sun Pump was installed said, "Water has made the school into
the center of the community. People in the community used to have to collect water from far away but
now, we not only have water for the school but people come on weekends to wash clothes as well."
4.1

Generally, people tend to consider boys to be physically stronger than girls. Why do you
think it is that women and girls instead of the men and boys in Martas village were
tasked with the difficult task of collecting water?

(2)

One litre of water weighs one kilogram. If the Sun Pump produced 8000 litres a day and
each female could only manage to carry a maximum load of 15 kg, how many females
would be needed to collect the 8000 litres of water?

(2)

The water is pumped up from below the ground. Explain how the water got to be
underground in the first place.

(2)

4.4

Will this underground source of water ever run dry? Explain.

(2)

4.5

Are you able to suggest other ways in which the community could collect rain water.

(2)

4.6

The Water For All Project wants to ensure that the pumped water is clean and
drinkable. They instructed the science students at school that they must regularly test
for impurities such as carbonates, nitrates and nitrites. They must also test the pH of the
water, making sure it is not too acid, nor too alkaline. Explain how you would go about
testing for (a) carbonates, (b) nitrates and (d) nitrites. Also explain how you would test
the (e) acidity level of the water.

(8)

4.7

Mention one way in which you would make acidic water drinkable.

(2)

4.8

How do you think the lives of the people and the plant life of the village would change
now that they are able to get water from a tap close by to their homes instead of having
to walk kilometers to collect it.

(4)

Almost all civilization started close to a river (or clean water source).Why is water so
important for life? How would we survive without it?

(4)

What is Fracking? Give a pro and a con of implementing this in rural communities.

(5)

4.2

4.3

4.9
4.10

[33]

[TOTAL: 70 marks]

13

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 14 2011/09/19 09:27:53 AM

DATA FOR PHYSICAL SCIENCES GRADE 10

PAPER 1 (PHYSICS)
TABLE 1: PHYSICAL CONSTANTS
NAME

SYMBOL

VALUE

Acceleration due to
gravity

9,8 ms2

Speed of light in a
vacuum

3,0 10 ms1

TABLE 2: FORMULAE
MOTION

1 2
at
2

vf = vi + at

x = vit +

vf2 = vi2 + 2ax

v + vi
x = f
t
2

WEIGHT AND MECHANICAL ENERGY

Fg = mg
K = Ek =

U = Ep = mgh

1 2
mv
2

WAVES, LIGHT AND SOUND

o
v = v
r

T=
1
f

ni sin i = nr sin r

n=

v= f

I=

Q
t

o
r

T=

1
v

c
v

ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

W
V=
Q

14

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 15 2011/09/19 09:27:53 AM

PHYSICAL SCIENCES
PRACTICE TEST ONE MEMORANDUM

QUESTION 1
1.1

(2)

1.2

(2)

1.3

(2)

[6]

QUESTION 2
2.1

Pulse

(1)

2.2

Speed

(1)

2.3

Electrical conductors

(1)

2.4

Crest

(1)

2.5

Constructive interference

(1)

2.6

Static electricity

(1)

2.7

Energy

(1)

2.8

Noise

(1)

15

[8]

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 16 2011/09/19 09:27:53 AM

QUESTION 3
3.1

(4)
3.2

Constructive

(1)

3.3

10 cm

(1)

3.4

Stay the same

(1)

3.5

(2)

QUESTION 4
4.1

Wave 2

(1)

4.2

Wave 3

(1)

4.3

Halved

(1)

4.4

Light wave

(1)

16

[9]

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 17 2011/09/19 09:27:53 AM

4.5

Digital signals can be transmitted further without loss of signal.

Digital signals are clearer.
Cables can be covered in plastic and are less likely to be stolen.

(3)

[7]

QUESTION 5
5.1

Fixed end

5.2

Any THREE of the following:

(2)

Same frequency ()
Same amplitude ()
Opposite direction ()
Perfectly out of phase ()

5.3

(3)

a) A or C or E

(1)

b) B or D

(1)

5.4

Points of constructive interference

(2)

5.5

(1)

[TOTAL: 40 marks]

17

[10]

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 18 2011/09/19 09:27:53 AM

PHYSICAL SCIENCES
PRACTICE TEST TWO MEMORANDUM

SECTION B
QUESTION 1
1.1

1.2

a) The number of protons in an atom.

(1)

b) 11 protons, 11 electrons, 12 neutrons

(3)

c) Isotopes

(1)

d) Yes. The number of protons and electrons and not the number of
neutrons determines chemical reactivity.

(2)

e) Potassium

(1)

f) X (Na) since it has a smaller atomic radius.

(2)

g) KCl

(2)

h)

(2)

a) Metal, since it conducts heat and electricity.

(2)

b) Carbon

(1)

c) Carbon can form two different giant structures.

In diamond, each carbon atom is bonded to four others, forming a strong 3D shape.
In graphite, six carbon atoms bind together to form thin hexagonal sheets.
These sheets are held together by weak forces.

18

(3)

[20]

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 19 2011/09/19 09:27:53 AM

QUESTION 2
2.1

a) Table salt

(1)

b) Na2CO3 (s) + 2HCl (aq) 2NaCl (aq) + CO2 (g) + H2O (l)

(2)

c) The mass of the reactants equals the sum of the mass of the products.

(2)

d) Mass (reactants)

Mass (products)

Mass (reactants)

2.2

106 g + 2(36,5 g)

179 g

58,5 g + 44 g + 18 g

179 g

Mass (products)

(6)

H2 (g) + Cl2 (g) 2HCl (g)

16 cm3

(2)

QUESTION 3
A neutral object has the same number of protons and electrons , whereas a
charged object has more of one charge than the other.

(2)

3.2

Will a charged object cause a neutral object to be attracted or repelled?

(2)

3.3

A charged object brought close to a neutral obect will cause the neutral object
to be attracted.

(2)

3.4

Temperature

(1)

3.5

Added

(1)

3.6

Insulator
Electrons collect on the surface of the object and do not flow through it.

(2)

3.1

19

[13]

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 20 2011/09/19 09:27:53 AM

3.7

The negative charges on the ball are repelled to the opposite side of the ball by
the negative charge on the ruler. This leaves the side of the ball closest to
the ruler positive. Induction.

(3)

3.8

(3)
3.9

Any ONE of the following and a suitable advantage:

Photocopier () allows us to make copies of documents. ()
Electrostatic precipitator () removes dust particles from chimneys at power
stations. ()
Finger printing () allows the police to take fingerprints of the criminals. ()
Spray painting () ensures an even coating of paint and saves money by
eliminating wastage. ()

(2)

QUESTION 4
4.1

V =
=

Q
90

20

= 4,5 V

4.2

One cell =

(4)

4,5

= 1,5 V

4.3

I =
=

(2)

t
30

40
20

[18]

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 21 2011/09/19 09:27:53 AM

= 0,75 A

4.4

4.5

I =

(4)

0,75

= 0,25 A

(2)

Shine dimmer

(2)

[TOTAL: 65 marks]

21

[14]

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 22 2011/09/19 09:27:53 AM

Grade 10

PHYSICAL SCIENCES
PRACTICE TEST THREE MEMORANDUM

SECTION A
QUESTION 1
1.1

(2)

1.2

(2)

1.3

(2)

1.4

(2)

1.5

(2)

[10]

QUESTION 2
2.1

Conservation of mechanical energy

(1)

2.2

Transverse wave

(1)

2.3

Voltmeter

(1)

2.4

Instantaneous velocity

(1)

22

[4]

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 23 2011/09/19 09:27:54 AM

QUESTION 3
3.1

N2 (g) + O2 (g) 2NO (g)

(3)

3.2

N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) 2NH3 (g)

(3)

3.3

SO2 (g) + H2O (l) H2SO3 (aq)

(3)

QUESTION 4
4.1

4.2

Will the temperature of a reaction increase when calcium chloride is added

to a sodium bicarbonate solution?

(2)

Use a measuring cylinder to measure a volume of sodium bicarbonate into a

beaker.
Record the temperature of the solution using a thermometer.
Add the calcium chloride to the solution.
Record the temperature every 30 s.

(6)

4.3

Time

(1)

4.4

Temperature

(1)

4.5

Ambient temperature

(1)

23

[9]

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 24 2011/09/19 09:27:54 AM

4.6

(6)

4.7

4.8

4.9

Exothermic reaction. The temperature increases due to more energy being

released than taken in.

(2)

Calcium chloride reacts with sodium bicarbonate in an exothermic reaction

resulting in an increase in the temperature of the reaction.

(2)

Add more calcium chloride.

[Note: the addition of more sodium bicarbonate solution will not increase the
temperature, as the added liquid will dissipate the increase in energy.]

[TOTAL: 45 marks]

24

(1)

[22]

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 25 2011/09/19 09:27:54 AM

Grade 10

PHYSICAL SCIENCES
PRACTICE TEST FOUR MEMORANDUM

SECTION B
QUESTION 1
1.1

U = mgh
= (75 kg)(9,8 ms2)(30 m)
= 22 050 J

1.2

K =
22 050 J =

(4)

1 2
mv
2
1
(75)v 2
2

v = 24,25 ms1

(4)

1.3

Decrease

(1)

1.4

The harness is too big for Yvonne. As she reaches the top of the swing she
may slip out of the harness.

(2)

QUESTION 2
2.1

2.2

The energy that an object possesses due to its position relative to the earth. (2)

= mgh
= (260 kg + 800 kg)(9,8 ms2)(19 m)
= 48 412 J

2.3

48 412 J =
=

(5)

1 2
mv
2
1
(1 060)v 2
2

v = 9,56 ms1

(3)
25

[11]

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 26 2011/09/19 09:27:54 AM

2.4

Energy lost to heat

Energy lost to air resistance

(2)

[12]

QUESTION 3
3.1

3.2

The sum of kinetic and potential energy of a system of bodies remains

constant in the absence of friction.

(2)

U = mgh
= (1 100 kg)(9,8 ms2)(310 m)
= 3 341 800 J

3.3

(4)

U = (1 100 kg)(9,8 ms2)(50 m)

= 539 000 J
Some potential energy has been converted to kinetic energy.

3.4

K =

(4)

1 2
mv
2

1 2
mv = 3 341 800 J
2
1
(1 100)v 2
2

= 3 341 800 J

v = 77,95 ms1

(4)

26

[14]

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 27 2011/09/19 09:27:54 AM

QUESTION 4
4.1

Traditionally males were hunters and they often had to leave home for days in the hunt for meat.
Women tended to stay at home nurturing babies and children. Their traditional jobs included
collecting wood and water. Water was required daily for cooking, cleaning and drinking. (2)

4.2

15 kg water 15 L of water. Therefore 8000 L / 15 L = 533.33 people. But since we cant ever
have 0.33 people, we need 534 women to carry a load of 8000 L.
(2)

4.3

Water collects on the ground and seeps through to find its way into water below the
ground.

(2)

4.4

No. The total amount of water in the hydrosphere is fixed, but water moves readily between
various compartments through the processes of evaporation, precipitation, and surface and
subsurface flows. There may be imbalances of input and output in particular areas, which will
manifest as drought or flooding.
(2)

4.5

Build dams (large scale). Erect rain water retaining tanks that are fed by downpipes of
houses (small scale).
(2)

4.6

Impurities, how to identify and treat

a. Carbonates:
To identify a carbonate, you mix it with an acid and pass any gas evolved through lime
water. A milky precipitate indicates CO2 is released.
b. Nitrates:
Devarda's alloy (Cu/Al/Zn) is a reducing agent. When reacted with nitrate in sodium
hydroxide solution, ammonia is liberated. The ammonia formed may be detected by its
characteristic odor, and by moist red litmus.
c. Nitrites:
Use a urine test kit (purchase at local pharmacy) to check for presence of nitrite is the
water. Any pink discoloration of the test pad indicates a positive reaction which means
nitrites are present.
d. pH determination:
Use litmus paper. If it turns red water is acidic. If it turns blue, water is alkaline.
(8)

4.7

Calcium Carbonate, another name for precipitated chalk can be used to reduce excess acids. We
call this process neutralization.
(2)

4.8

Having access to a water source that is only a tap turn away would allow people to grow flowers
and plants successfully. They would save hours in their day that before would have been
spent on water collection.
(4)

27

Physical Sciences Tests fixed by LF.pdf 28 2011/09/19 09:27:54 AM

4.9 The human body is more than 80% water. All our bodily systems and functions require water to
operate normally. We also need water is cleanse our outside bodies as well as the clothes that we
wear. Water is also required for cooking, nurturing vegetable gardens and watering of plants. We
use water for recreation (swimming pools, boating, catching fish in dams etc). We could not
survive long without water.
(4)
4.10 Fracking is a process where a strong jet of water, containing a cocktail mixture of chemicals, is
pumped underground in order to fracture rocks (shale) apart. These broken rocks then release gas
that was trapped inside it. The gas is caught and used to make oil and petrol. Pro: Fracking creates
many jobs in impoverished rural communities. Con: Fracking runs the risk of contaminating the
groundwater.
(5)
[33]

[TOTAL: 70 marks]

28

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