International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Studies (IJSRES)

Volume 1 Issue 5, November 2014

ISSN: 2349-8862

Combinatorial Interpretation Of Some Rogers-Ramanujan Type

Identities
Shaikh Fokor Uddin Ali Ahmed
Department of Mathematics,
F. A. Ahmed College, Garoimari, Kamrup,
Assam (India)

Abstract: In this paper we give the combinatorial

interpretation of some analytical Rogers-Ramanujan type
identities with the incorporation of a few results of Gordon
and Andrews.

=
The

multiple
=

.
q-shifted

factorial

is

And

Keywords: Partitions, Combinatorial Interpretation,

Rogers-Ramanujan type identities.

=
.

I.

INTRODUCTION

DEFINITION

THE ROGERS-RAMANUJAN IDENTITY

The following two identities, namely for
, where n
, where n

A partition of a positive integer n is a finite nonincreasing sequence of positive integers

such

that

0, 2 (mod 5) (1)

0, 1 (mod 5)

are called the parts of the

partition. If

) is a partition of a positive

integer n, then we write

(2)

are the celebrated Rogers-Ramanujan Identity. These two

identities, which have motivated extensive research over the
past hundred years, were first discovered by L. J. Rogers in
1894 and these were again rediscovered independently by S.
Ramanujan and I. Schur.
The Rogers-Ramanujan Identity has a long and interesting
history. There are two aspects of these identities: one
analytical and the other combinatorial. Our purpose in this
paper is to give the combinatorial interpretation of some
analytical identities of Rogers-Ramanujan type.
We begin by introducing some definitions, notations and then
recalling some results:

The

exactly
that

of

the

are

equal

to

i.

We

notice

.
The function p (n) denotes the number of partitions of n.

III.

FIRST WE REQUIRE THE FOLLOWING RESULTS

THEOREM (1): (BASIL GORDON)

Let 1 a k be integers and
of partitions of n of the form n=

denote the number

where
and 1 appears as a

II.
For

DEFINITIONS AND NOTATIONS

, the q-shifted factorial is denoted by
=1,
=

=
It follows that

) and

summand at most (a-1) times. Let

denote the

number of partitions of n into parts not congruent to 0, a mod

(2k+1). Then
=
, nN.
THEOREM (2): (BASIL GORDON)

).

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International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Studies (IJSRES)

Volume 1 Issue 5, November 2014
ISSN: 2349-8862
Let
parts

denote the number of partitions of n into

0, di mod (2dk+d). Let

1+
=

denote the

number of partitions of n wherein

d appears as a part at most i-1 times,
the total number of appearances of dj and dj+d (i.e. any
two consecutive multiples of d) together is at most k-1,
and
nonmultiples of d may appear as parts without restriction.
Then for 1 i k,
=
, nN.

=
=1+
B. INTERPRETATION OF THE IDENTITY (5.1): ([5] P479, MODULO 30)

THEOREM (3): (ANDREWS)

The analytical identity is
Let

denote the number of partitions of n of the

form n=

where

divisible by

, only parts

may be repeated,

(with strict inequality if (

On using theorem (2) for d=6, i=2, k=2 we have

and the total number of

appearances of summands in the set {1, 2,

most a-1. If

is even, let

} is at

denote the number of

partition of n into parts such that no part

0 (mod
may be repeated, and no part is congruent to
,
If

).
is odd, let

denote the number of partitions of n

into parts such that no part

repeated,
no
part

0 (mod (
is
congruent

denote the number of partitions of n into parts

0, 12 (mod 30).
Also

denote the number of partitions of n into

parts wherein 6 appears as a part at most one times, the total

number of appearances of any two consecutive multiples of 6
together is at most one, and the non-multiples of 6 may appear
as parts without restrictions. Then
, nN.
And hence, for

may be
to
0,

, we have
1+

=
Then

provided

k a

we

have

, nN.

IV.

and

=1+

A. INTERPRETATION OF THE IDENTITY (A.1): ([2]

P-23, MODULO 6)

C. INTERPRETATION OF THE IDENTITY (A.8): ([2] P-24,

MODULO 21)

The analytical identity is

The analytical identity is

We use theorem (2). Let d=2, i=1, k=1 then

the number of partitions of n into parts
Also

denote

0, 2 (mod 6).

denote the number of partitions of n into parts

By using the theorem (1) for a=3, k=10, we have

1+

wherein the parts are only non-multiples of 2. Then

, nN.
And we have for

,
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International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Studies (IJSRES)

Volume 1 Issue 5, November 2014
ISSN: 2349-8862
=

= 1+
Here
theorem (3)
i,e

=1+
Where
into parts

denotes the number of partitions of n

0, 3 (mod 21).

And

denotes the number of partitions of n of

the form n=

and

where
and 1 appears as a summand at most 2 times.

are determined by

= The number of partitions of n into parts

0,
(mod 33) such that 3 and multiples of 3 may be
repeated.
= the number of partitions of n of the form n=
where
3 may be repeated,

, only parts divisible by

(with strict inequality if

and the parts 1, 2, 3 appearing at most once. Then

n N.

D. INTERPRETATION OF THE IDENTITY (A.9): ([2] P-24,

MODULO 21)

F. INTERPRETATION OF THE IDENTITY (A.17): ([2] P25, MODULO 33)

The analytical identity is

1+

The analytical identity is

By using the theorem (1) for a=6, k=10, we have

1+
Using the theorem (3) for =2, k=6, a=3, we have
1+
=

=1+
Where
into parts

= 1+

denotes the number of partitions of n

0, 6 (mod 21).

And

Here

denotes the number of partitions of n of

the form n=

where
and 1 appear as a summand at most 5 times.

theorem (3)
i,e

and

= The number of partitions of n into parts

0,
(mod 33) such that 3 and multiples of 3 may be
repeated.
= the number of partitions of n of the form n=

E. INTERPRETATION OF THE IDENTITY (3.50): ([7] P255, MODULO 33)

where
3 may be repeated,

The analytical identity is Using the theorem (3) for

k=6, a=2, we have
1+

=2,

are determined by

, only parts divisible by

(with strict inequality if

and the parts 1, 2, 3 appearing at most twice. Then

n N.

=
V.

CONCLUSION

The combinatorial interpretation of most of the RogersRamanujan Type Identities is possible. But the technique of
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International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Studies (IJSRES)

Volume 1 Issue 5, November 2014
ISSN: 2349-8862
this paper cannot be used for the identities of RogersRamanujan Type when the modulus arising in the infinite
product of the form 4k+2, k 1. In such case we have to take
the concept of partitions with n- copies of n which is beyond
the scope of this present paper.

REFERENCES
[1] Andrew V. Sills, Finite Rogers-Ramanujan Type
Identities. Electronic J. Combin., 10(1) (2003), # R13 pp.
1-122.
[2] Andrew V. Sills, On Identities of the Rogers-Ramanujan
Type. Ramanujan journal, 1-28 (2004).
[3] L. J. Slater, Further identities of Rogers-Ramanujan
Type. Proc. London Math Soc. (2) 54 (1952). 147-167.

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[4] G.E. Andrews, An Analytic generalization of the RogersRamanujan Identities for odd moduli. Proc. Nat. Acad.
Sci. USA, 71 (1974), 4082- 4085.
[5] Rajkhowa P. and Ahmed S. F., More Identities of RogersRamanujan Type Ultra Science Vol .20 (2) M, 473-480
(2008).
[6] W. N. Bailey, Some Identities in combinatory Identities,
Proc. London Math Soc (2) 49 (1947), 421-435.
[7] A. Verma and V. K. Jain, J. Math. Analysis and
Applications, 76, 230-269 (1980).
[8] G.E. Andrews, Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its
application,(Ed: Gian- Carlo Rota (ed.)2, The Theory of
partitions, Addison Wesley co., Newyork 1976.

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