Permanently Installed Guided Wave

Pipeline Monitoring
A. Galvagni and A. Demma
Implementacion de sistemas de monitoreo
adentro de los planes de integridad
Mexico 22/8/2013

Alessandro Demma

A3 Monitoring
Reduced
Risk
Company
image

Reduced
cost

Monitoring
Asset
easily
managed

Improved
performance

Code
compliance

Implementation of monitoring
Integrity
study
Data
Fusion

Identify threat
and target area

Statistical
analysis

Feasibility
monitoring
Select sensors
+ parameters

Target areas ID by RBI or similar methodology

Define critical defect size

Feasibility
Which type of sensor could detect damage?
UT
GW long range
GW short range
AE
Fibre optics
Etc..

How many sensors?

How frequent data gathering?

UT monitoring on bare and buried pipes

Both bare and buried pipes

3 inches and above

Temp from -10C to 120C
Mobile comms
.
Buried

Buried

UT monitoring high temp

Long Range Guided Wave Monitoring

the GW sensor transmits a
torsional wave packet
along the pipe

other pipeline features, such as flanges,

weld caps, supports, etc., also reflect a portion of
the transmitted wave packet back to the GW sensor

Weld
Cap
Corrosion
Patch
damage, such as corrosion patches, cracks, etc.,
reflect a portion of the transmitted wave packet
back to the GW sensor in proportion to its cross-section
9

Long range GW Monitoring

Short Range Guided Wave

Inspection vs Monitoring
Inspection concentrates on covering
many areas
Monitoring concentrates on inspection of
critical or high risk/consequence areas
Monitoring can provide better sensitivity,
reliability and efficiency if appropriately
used

GW how to use multiple readings

call level is 6dB above noise, but at features call level is undefined

1.0%
Sensitivity

13

Multiple Readings
several readings are collected from each GW sensor

14

Maximize monitoring benefit

Data shown here after compensation. When do you say that a change is relevant?
For example the point at 600 days is acceptable or not? We deal with this previously
unresolved challenge. Algorithm works also at supports, welds and bends. Here weld example

15

Statistical Analysis
We can say if a change is relevant or not with assigned confidence value

future samples outside change

thresholds is inconsistent with
baselines, i.e. CHANGE

other future samples cannot be

classified, i.e.
MORE SAMPLES NEEDED

future samples inside no change

thresholds is consistent with
baselines, i.e. NO CHANGE

16

 What influences change / no change thresholds?

Sequential Analysis
1. Number & quality of baseline samples.
Environmental compensation reduce baseline point variance, tightens thresholds.

2. False call & detection probabilities.

Lower false call probabilities widen thresholds.
Higher detection probabilities tighten thresholds.
new current
samples

2% detection
target
o

3. Number of current samples available.

Guided Wave Pipeline Monitoring

More samples represent more evidence and tighten thresholds.

17

 What influences change / no change thresholds?

Sequential Analysis
1. Number & quality of baseline samples.
Environmental compensation reduce baseline point variance, tightens thresholds.

2. False call & detection probabilities.

Lower false call probabilities widen thresholds.
Higher detection probabilities tighten thresholds.
new current
samples

2% detection
target
o o

3. Number of current samples available.

Guided Wave Pipeline Monitoring

More samples represent more evidence and tighten thresholds.

18

 What influences change / no change thresholds?

Sequential Analysis
1. Number & quality of baseline samples.
Environmental compensation reduce baseline point variance, tightens thresholds.

2. False call & detection probabilities.

Lower false call probabilities widen thresholds.
Higher detection probabilities tighten thresholds.
new current
samples

2% detection
target
o oo

3. Number of current samples available.

Guided Wave Pipeline Monitoring

More samples represent more evidence and tighten thresholds.

19

 What influences change / no change thresholds?

Sequential Analysis
1. Number & quality of baseline samples.
Environmental compensation reduce baseline point variance, tightens thresholds.

2. False call & detection probabilities.

Lower false call probabilities widen thresholds.
Higher detection probabilities tighten thresholds.
2% detection
target

20 Current Samples now possible to detect target!

3. Number of current samples available.
Guided Wave Pipeline Monitoring

More samples represent more evidence and tighten thresholds.

20

A3 Monitoring Software analysis

Here there was a defect 0.75%
cross section loss

shieldCube automatically highlights zones of concern along the pipeline and reports the

estimated cross-sectional area loss rate, subject to:The desired confidence level.The
minimum cross-sectional area loss rate that is acceptable.
The algorithms of shieldCube guided wave monitoring have been extensively field
tested.It has been proven during field trials that:For a given number of readings,
shieldCube maximises the probability of detecting damage and corrosion.shieldCube
can predict in advance the minimum loss rate that can be detected within a given period
of time and with a given number of readings.

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A3 Monitoring Software analysis online

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shieldCube Thickness Monitoring

shieldCube Thickness Monitoring

shieldCube Thickness Monitoring

shieldCube Thickness Monitoring

shieldCube Thickness Monitoring

shieldCube Data Fusion

The data fusion concept stems from the recognition that
corrosion monitoring must rely on many different tools.
As in medical science, no single test can diagnose all
possible
Tools include:
Non-Intrusive Sensors
UT, LRGW, SRGW, etc.

Intrusive Sensors
ER, LPR, Coupons, ILI, etc.

Corrosion Models

Data Fusion
Data Fusion is achieved by combining the effect
different measurements have on the PDFs at each
node.
imagine associating
probability density functions
to each node

Data Fusion
The result is a heat map of the most likely corrosion
rate, remaining wall thickness and pit depth at all
positions along the pipe, leveraging on all the
information from sensors and models.

How do you manage visually the monitoring

information?