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EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
BY
E^'
THOMSON,
D. D., LL. D.
EDITED BY
EEV.
D.
W. CLAEK,
D. D.
^^^^.
Cinnitnati:
PUBLISHED BY
L.
SWORMSTEDT &
A. FOE,
THOMPSON, PRINTER.
:8 5S.
^^^1
/I- 'if^di
4!
Irefate.
the literary
and reviewer.
essayist
Among
these, the
names of Cole-
De
Quincey, Car-
Sydney Smith, Talfourd, Rogers, EverSumner, and Whipple successors of " the
bell, Hazlitt,
ett, Giles,
shine
as a brilliant galaxy.
be
felt;
period in
forth
their
in
its
influence
and, indeed,
their
brill-
The natuand
PREFACE.
illustrations,
most
critical
the whole,
too
many
is
place
the
is
edu-
made
foundation-stone.
but one in
to
assume
its
Every-where
does the
bining
as
is
a false faith
true
The
plays a
where
culture with
religious
may
general education, in
of unsanctified knowledge.
The author of
" Seasons."
believe
essayist
essays
is
said to be of the
we
these
may
as
*'
No
D.
Cincinnati,
May, 1856.
W. Clark.
COlfTENTS.
jBiruf alijonal 3Bj5j5 ajjef.
Close Thought
Page
Geneeal Education
Uses of Chemistky
9
33
62
Poisoning
67
Conflicts of Life
71
95
114
138
Inaugural Address
Extremes in Philosophy
Religious Ideas the Basis of Education
Moral Education
157
186
210
234
Miscellaneous Reading
258
Necessity of Colleges
282
Medical Science
303
Hints to Youth
326
Female Education
354
Originality
376
Higher Education
393
^bncational issap.
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
Cl0H
rpHOUGHT
-'-
is
What
lence.
tlie
is
I]0UJ(|L
foundation of
it
all intellectual
excel-
with thought.
What was
and gave
it
to
crowded
it
with so
so
many
What
is
it
natural truths
many anxious
that
inquirers,
and
has
is
pre-
human
Thought.
than
to
him
to
He
would rather
with
it;
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
10
Like
thought, because
May
iia est.''
of your time
may
As
the theme
is
it will
what
close
who avoid
1.
man
it.
There
man
of one idea.
seems
whether
but one
reads
cries,
fitted to revolve
notion.
shade
He
is
falleth
his faculties.
He
hears
it
it
in
in every thing.
He
it
in
men,
treats
will,
who, determined
"shoulder-knots," picked
last substituted
like the
for
it
K in
word
the orthography.
His mind,
to find the
all
endless revolutions.
As
it
me
to
CLOSE THOUGHT.
11
mind was
he often preached election, reprobation, and foreordination from the text, ^'Parthians, Medes, and Elamites/'
It is a beautiful hypothesis of a school of philosophy,
that there
from the
is
a regular gradation
among
created beings,
tallest
As
inanimate matter.
may be
irrational
and
spirit rational.
Such a mind
like
is
respect.
it
flour-
having
may be
inconvenience;
sections,
delicate
it
most
fertile
it
is
its
it
may be
cut into
all
its
increasing
by no elabo-
and
all
if
mind were
divisible,
it
primordial being.
I say not that such a
it
may be
is
that of monomania.
mind must
necessarily be
its
It is as pitiable an
weak
condition
anomaly
in
the moral world, as an animal with one muscle and capable only of flexion
in the natural
world.
By
unity of thought I
mean
that a
man
should have
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
12
Unity of
effort is essential
are few
at the
same time.
having run
may
course
its
its
may
retire
from
fortress,
its
specific diseases
preoccupied by
soul
and humble.
two general
human
of the proudest
The triumphs
limited.
retire,
Upon
career.
dreaded practice of exciting ptyalism, in febrile affecthe physician expecting that, by intions, is founded
We
upon
it.
leave to others
The
one firmly.
story told
if
I mistake not
by
Dr.
them
a story originally
of avarice
will
off a third
employed
and
lost all
futility of
the
The mind,
As
isolated.
in
we
shall
sailing
down
a stream
we
for no
find our-
accession of tributaries;
shall
find
it
enlarging
so,
by the
in pursuing a thought,
and multiplying
its
one
we
relations.
CLOSE THOUGHT.
Only
let
us take care to
down
sail
13
tlie
main channel
tract
may be thought
it.
that
sees far
it,
field
of
he would
though
less magnificent,
tel-
common
footsteps, is
able.
to
common,
may have
nothing
connections
tasteless
Take
a single thought
and trace
its
if it
specify a few
(1.) Relations of connection.
Every thought
view
it
it
alone.
it,
we must
compare
it
it
is
con-
To be
not be content to
we must allow
watch its movements
suitor,
its
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
14
from
all
moral fabrics.
It is
common
business,
to trace out,
to examine
stock which
(3.) Relations of
be a
it
its
is
it
truth,
first
dependent, and
receives,
how
and where
and gratifying
far
it
how far it
mark where
see
to
furnishes support,
is
an exciting
task.
The
moral world.
To
independent
It
is
at once,
is,
no
less noticeable
in
the
an exercise of attention, of
memory, of judgment, and of imagination, to group together analogous thoughts, and to mark differences and
resemblances.
And
power of
nice discrimination.
(5.) Relations
of composition.
single
mass of
so
many
should induce
employ
tests
to
him
so
to call into
much
curious
apparatus
twenty cart-loads of
it
Many
CLOSE THOUGHT.
a thought which a coarse
15
too small to
may
and see if you do not find matter for all your attenand power, and furniture of mind; and if you do
tion,
may
You
is
So intimately
man
many
others.
So
it
is
with single
The Portu-
facts.
unknown
met
In their search
manu-
factures.
it
it will
meet, in
its
Close
They
is
rarely possessed
by Ameri-
more accustomed to observe than to reathey rely more upon facts than upon arguments.
son
If this be so, it is the more important to call attention
to the subject; for it is the stern decree of Heaven that
cans.
are
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
16
concentration of
The looet's
is
is
maniac's eye,
To the
ing frenzy.
object
mind
student or
in pleas-
roll
is
The
indispensable.
may
when
light
radiating freely, to
Is there a
itself, it
region of thought.
field
of
eff"ect
Small triumphs
may be gained by
promptitude
to act
to
in
at a
to
to
vigor,
to seize
verance,
and
determination
iJioroughly mastered.
centrativeness
This
without
it
is
it
never to leave
what phrenologists
it
till
call
con-
weak.
3.
The
Close
thought implies
man
lahorious
research.
to perpetual toil as
the price
iKitient,
mits
it
to
it
allows the
harvest of thought.
flights
in parox-
toil.
God has
CLOSE THOUGHT.
the moral world more than
mind
lences of
generally supposed.
is
Excel-
wards of industry.
differences of
17
as to
in his rear,
rocked
if that
concentrated, untrained.
The
eagle, fitted
.of
by God
an active pinion.
The ancients
and
from
mem-
you
as he is represented to have
to
done
and
open your
cranium
need the
skill
gin shall spring and dance the Pyrrhic dance, and strike
her shield, and brandish her spear, and show her blue
eye,
fury,
proficients in virtue
counsels.
Many
because
a noble
it
mind has
would not
to physical,
they are
labor.
still
failed
to
Much
as
accomplish aught
men
more disinclined
are indisposed
to
mental
toil.
down
he
be
he thinks stock of thoughts must soon be
exhausted he grows discouraged. Imagination now
pears
robes of
she
a
bower she
spreads
mossy couch she promises
fan with gentle
Let a man
sit
densome
to cogitation
bur-
feels it to
his
ap-
in
light
offers
lovely
to
repose with
murmuring
rivulets
lull
and gently-flowing
to
tor-
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
18
rents.
will
not yield
to
the
when enduring
the toil of research, we find a path at hand ready tarnpiked, leading to the truth of which we are in pursuit.
The temptation is too great we abandon our own path,
pass easily along the beaten track, with common minds,
and although we arrive at the object, lose mental strength
Often,
when he had
St.
to
convenient season
circumstances.
favorable
that
season Felix
never found.
No
Never did
warrior,
scaling
Rugged
ences.
cliffs,
threatening eminences,
terrific
to the traveler
mind
Second.
If
This query
The
so,
is
agriculturist
might
say,
is
CLOSE THOUGHT.
19
is
there no
The
of intellect?
employment
toil,
may
First,
it
It can detain
ideas.
a thought
it
The detention of an
the attention.
series,
its
of this
tion
power
is
of incalculable
The
it.
exer-
importance.
It
which gives
engage.
To
to pernicious
raise a crop of
abandon
are
it to
require
but
cultivation
to neglect the
all
that
useful
if,
is
and
dies.
What
ideas,
like
is
to
We
useful
wholesome
therefore,
greater
soul
unlovely.
to
Simply
the possession of
naturally indolent;
plants,
thought an aptitude
it wilts,
and
does
the
privilege
him
Let
little inclosure,
and dig around the roots of his shrubs, his pinks, and his
lilies,
and he
will soon
What
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
20
Nature
is
no
less
let
is
Does any one complain of barrenness or bramhim examine whether the abundance of his
fence
Go, thou
soil.
soil,
pluck
may
blow upon
my
We
desired thought.
mind
are
all
mind
may
influence con-
in approximation to
conscious that
A friend
mutual acquaintance
we
we know
We
pause a
to
This
we can
are able
to recall.
we
fragrance,
beauty.
its
to exert the
its
to the
are con-
called intentional
is
Here we
distinctly trace
memory.
the progress;
In some
in
others,
to illustrate
what
to
undiscovered truth.
When
we seek
to discover a truth,
CLOSE THOUGHT.
cending
to elevated points
Do we
of unwonted light.
21
new laws
new correspondences
in the inner
Let us ascend
lectual worlds?
fields
desire to discover
to
intel-
forms.
It is
it
without perceiving
It
it
steep.
it
characteristic effects,
and
to
remain there
experienced
till it
and unbosomed
its
peculiar fruits
flowers.
It has often
2.
original thought,
is generally/
Ignorant
this.
men
origiiial discovery
accidental.
Two
It
may
facts
may be
so
satisfy us of
New
truths are
ing inquirers.
Who
Not the
blood?
discovered
Who
teroids?
discovered the
reflection
his
them.
head
The
in
intense
least exertion
He
as-
and observa-
Who
revealed
may be
sufficient to
make
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
22
mind
is filled
beam
as
the weight of a
made
is
Roger Bacon
a
is
devil.
scarce
when
discoveries are
The
constellation.
legitimate
offspring
They
Europe,
Simultaneous
of the
times.
of progressive
thought.
3.
It
may be
ductions in
cffiLsions
the
department of
of moments of
traordinary genius
moments,
is
may
inspiration.
taste
were
the
sudden
why
CLOSE THOUGHT.
23
his task.
which leaves
my
distinguished clergyman of
acquaintance, when-
to prepare a short
all
is
said to
his competitors.
little
sometimes
tract
toil,
"who
tools.
It
is
said of Per-
an
liver
opinion
without
ample preparation.
Virgil
Not
out
much
why
does
If inspiration
may be
relied on,
it
man ?
He
who, too
4.
The
will
neither be
trust I
am
nor misrepresented.
sical studies
them not
misunderstood
as
as
education
itself,
but as
the
its
instruments.
mental discipline
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
24
He
How
then,
sadly mistaken,
he
is
literary privileges
passage; relies
in the vain
soul, will
into a horseshoe.
a sheepskin.
No.
thee."
a
money
perish with
page of Virgil or of
Homer
science
that
temple of
the
its
A.i
He
idol.
of active
life
but, lo
mind
l)ut
It has
sketch.
to
many
many
but
it
deserves the
keener than
is
This
prototypes in real
be wondered at;
strange, that so
He
fool.
his mortification
much
first collision
demonstrated to be a learned
sting of scorpions;
enters
is
is
life.
strange,
no fancy
Nor
is it
passing
tions, etc.,
by which thought
is
picture
of
When
a
great
be valued
is
man
picture,
which, presented
CLOSETHOUGIIT.
in tlie theater,
he
tides, as
caused
whom
all
precisely suited
it
25
he painted
a field
The
following
description
is
" Heaping in
It
because the
is
To render them
is
of
by injudicious
easy,
they
little
it
consequence.
eminence
they acquired by
but
attainments;
to
As
the classics
examples, take
What
[says Cobbett]
when
my
berth, or that of
in;
my
lying on
I was a pri-
The edge of
knapsack was
my
lap
was
was rarely that I could get any evening light but that of
the
fire,
and only
my
or a sheet of paper, I
tion of food,
was compelled
though in a
to forego
call
a pen,
some
To buy
my own; and
por-
had
had
whistling,
all
Here was
control."
discipline.
Here
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
i6
5.
is
We
The age
literally,
substitute
learn
its
book; and a
man
is
is
it
tied to a stool to
considered an ignoramus
to
the moon.
happens that a
It often
repository,
into
operations
could
fill it
breathings of genius
would
say,
epicure
it
over the
dreaming
worthless.
creased, but
plied,
but
is
by steam.
There
is
To such a father
ad, libitum.
fire,
It
is
Such
a caution
much
it
is
intellectual
more neces-
genius advanced
an
literature is in-
read
in
is
done
hurry.
Although I
CLOSET OUGHT.
27
11
demur,
I acknowledge the
genius,
is
founded.
to
When
but when
employed;
legitimately
amusement instead of
instead of assist
it
Equally
nicious.
used for
are
when they
so,
fill
up
all
It
mind
per-
The mind
for thought.
no tendency
has
is
the attention,
to stim-
weak,
in-
to observe,
no
is
It is desti-
purpose.
excite the
offer food to
inal
the soul.
Go
thoughts?
ain of ideas
to the only
nature.
There
lie
on
all
Go send your
soul to pillow
heavens
terrific
bid her
sail
She
with
the
earth
shall
his
meet with
footstool,
the
What
is
Thought.
Who
is
the dis-
He who is given to
Show me the philoso-
Aristotle,
who gave
Was
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
28
Was
teen centuries?
it
Was it Newton,
Was it Locke,
of philosophy?
fields
How
and
No, no.
yet,
the universe.
him with
The scenery
and
ideas,
exhausted
n ver
diminished
the Eolian
like
or
responsive
him
all
He
oil,
by the using.
was
The
His heart,
his mind.
fired
was
harp,
breeze.
the
to
passing
was blessed
for the
precious things of heaven, for the dew, and for the deep
that
coucheth beneath,
and
for
the
precious
things
tidings
when
feet are
fail to
bring good
It is not,
scarcely
perceived.
idea of the ancients, that the heavens and the earth are an
soul
formed
is
like
as
the rose.
Anacreon's
lyre,
CLOSETHOUGHT.
the
theme,
poet's
sounded out
love
me
let
however
or
only from
its
he
swept
chords,
its
strings.
the ravished
listen to
29
mind
musing on the fields! "Her lips drop as the honeycomb; honey and milk are under her tongue, and the
smell of her garments
Whence
is
Lebanon."
By
its
stages
ment
tions.
soul
its
taught.
Who
Nay
the successful
is
the
from his
diligent
minister?
student
of his
charm.
as
mirror, you
in a
human
may behold
human
character,
praved humanity.
of the sinner, and his refuges of lies; here see his fears
are
wells of inspiration
ano;el souls
Here
there
the
true
Castalian
fountain.
or
in each
misrht draw!
Spirit,
tongue,
for
vivid
He
He comes
forth on vantage-
knowledge of the
"As
man
face anto
man."
30
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
The audience
sit in
that of death
like
The
mute astonishment.
stillness
is
No
An
wonder.
un-
seen hand goes forth from the preacher into each bosom,
and searches
time, ho
as
is
every one
it;
conscious that,
is
for the
It is almost
What
He
of books.
little
knew
any thing but human
Surely he
nature.
fire,
that
his pages.
But you
may we
not go to
Go
it
sanctified
its
them?
to
Think not
Go
rather to
meanly of your
opens
spread over
inquire, if
had been
it
is
If you
be
soul, is
dependent upon
its faculties.
suhsiitutes
for
thought.
quarrel
not with
sciences.
They have
and are
so far
to
these
But
They may be
serviceahle,
but they
CLOSET H OUGHT.
Bhould flow forth
direction,
ing
31
observe
its
tide.
With
all
man
mountain he surveys.
Think,
will
if
send down
its
influence upon
fluence
and the
the heart,
its
will
avoid eloquence.
upon the
lips.
its
pulsations
in her orbit.
As
You can
if
not,
you
manner
move
As
direct.
as to the
how
to
well attempt to give laws to the earthquake, or the volcano, or learn the exploding magazine
how
it
shall ex-
There
stimulated
spirit.
Who
is
no rhetoric
would lecture
Who
is
roused to a struggle
the
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
32
head out from the flames of perdition, to call on Abraham for a drop of water to cool his tongue ?
Rhetoric and logic have their uses
let
suspicion.
is
it.
ing walks.
mind
They
earthly
it
in its grovel-
soul
in a
will fling
away
its staff
and mantle.
GENERAL EDUCATION.
THE
history of education
The
periods.
first,
may be
33
fall
of
man
triarchal.
whole
chase for
expending
of
all
They had no
life.
arts, or
agriculture,
commerce, navigation,
influence
arts
few phenomena,
perverted
though
their
religion,
tions,
was obscured,
ations.
The
little
their
superstitious
to
based
upon
purposes;
important
if not obliterated,
revela-
by vain imagin-
language.
rocity, their
God was
wisdom
fe-
it
was but
now and
lost in
prevailing
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
34
errors.
at all times,
bound by
one luminous
tediluvian ages
The
history of an-
is
we
know
and
that
it
no valuable information.
After the Deluge, the
Less
creased activity.
quent
to that event,
terior,
in-
Nimrod, or Belus,
tions of Babylon,
came the
Not long
pos-
Mizraim.
and light ensued, comprehending the history of the palmy days of Egypt,
Greece, and Kome, and embracing a period of more
period of energy, and
eflfort,
The
greatest development of
ley of the Nile.
arts,
to
and song,
come.
to
human
intellect,
in the val-
many
The
for ages
having
and
resisted
successive centuries
artisans.
science,
obelisks, columns,
remain
still
Egyptian
was
and
first
shriveled
and the
mummy,
skill
of
torn from
minds us that
in
early
arts,
of which
ages to Egypt.
we
and eager
curiosity, re-
Pompey's
Pillar,
known
Cleopatra's
ample attestation
all
GENERAL EDUCATION.
is
an ancient
early ages,
35
the adjust-
and
science;
were coarse,
although
its
methods, in
it
to
conjecture,
but
we have
the external
that
sufficient
character of
bles,
manner of accounting
tory
for
was
if not as
as accurate,
though not
till
knowledge of antiquity
as philosophical,
as
solar
So
common was
had
a horoscope,
strument.
many
to
The
in
the
in-
be the achievement
taught by Pythagoras
five
of
hundred
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
36
and
classified,
to
Knowledge
^sculapius.
is
useful
in
or Galen.
In the
fine arts
Egypt.
to
vated
a success to
culti-
which no
Greece
approached.
re-
In
givers?
Do you
For
her orators?
She mentions Leonidas and Xenophon. For her philosophers? She directs to Pythagoras
and Socrates. For her arts ? She points to the Coliseuna
and Parthenon, still rearing their summits in the sunFor her poets? She names Homer, and proudly
beams.
For her warriors?
in
Egypt observed
The former
facts,
The one
nal microcosm.
speak.
Greece threw
her charm upon the heart, and hushed the passions into
The one
The former
vanquished her.
current of
in silent admiration,
life
by her combinations
GENERAL EDUCATION.
37
of color, form,
pulseless
Rome
The impulse which the human mind had received appeared to have been in some degree spent before it
reached the imperial
ancient
Home
among
are
is
human
est treasures of
city.
Long
thought.
is
as literature
and
the works of Tribonian, Virgil, Cicero, and cotemporaneous writers, will be subjects of the highest admiration.
We
man
language.
It is precisely
France
is
adapted
We
its
a very good
language.
formed
That of
itants appears to be
adapted.
for
Under
convey strong
is fitted
to
may form
ually declined,
till
at length
Rome
grad-
barbarians,
a desolate wilderness.
It is
melancholy
to
The
of her sons.
It
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
38
that she
fell.
every village,
Roman
This brings us
to
soil.
lation
"before
in
Universal dark-
oblivion.
ness prevailed.
literature
to
and science
monk became
mind was
it
learned.
nor did
the.}/
all
atten-
devote
The mass of
civilized
stereotyped,
ing any other impression than that which the " Holy
Mother"
attendins;
delineated.
to
the
The
priests
managing affairs
be wrapped in a
of state.
pall of
in
of
one
in
Popery
as incompatible as light
and
darkness.
The
last
period
and extends
may be regarded
as intimately con-
effect.
It is
GENERAL EDUCATION.
39
could have
to
many minds
as there are
men.
art of printing
to
to
the mechanic
arts,
have
same end.
to the
I refer to the
American Revolution,
the
and
all
kind ought
We
may we
liberal
principles,
and
superstition,
promoting
general
knowledge?
If we turn our attention to Europe, we shall find that
The
pa-
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
40
The
much
tion in
and
ecclesiastical
atten-
political
lishment of any
common
system of
efficient
schools ade-
The common
and extension
school system
is
The
in France.
life.
King
Citizen
is
acquiring
mend
in the spirit
There
is
much
to
com-
much
to
She has
tion.
common
The University of
is
The
the
rays
is
with the
parochial
Copenhagen,
Even
Swedish government.
mark
of science
and
civilization
over the
world.
of education.
seminaries
are erected,
common
schools and
and an
More-
is
com-
advantage.
Of
is
It
the best that was ever devised, and will long be the
model
Nearly
GENERAL EDUCATION.
German
41
all
states
If
we
key and Egypt, we shall see that even the Sublime Porte
spirit, and transferred it to the
Pacha,
to
raohs,
becoming general.
To New England belongs the honor of first providing,
by law, for popular education.
is
dom by most
spirit
and of wis-
The General Government has not been an idle spectator of these movements of the sisters of the confederacy.
She has assigned to the new states beside occasional
donations
of
all
tion.
of
all
brought
to
when the
We
believe that
III,
knew
of
wisest of
descend from
monarch
to
The throne
of an enlightened people
is
a dangerous seat,
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
42
yet such
is
enough
It is
to
what
to observe
Although education
mains
to
be done before
universal diffusion.
its
It
extending,
rapidly
is
much
re-
Millions
mon-
late
formed.
shall find
one
scarce
a civilized nation,
in-
own
we
much
to
be done.
country,
The
is
obvious to
all.
We
to
ture
valleys
exhaustless
mals
bring
A^ariety of soil
and mountains
to
and climate,
offers
ani-
to
unnumbered
need intelligence
We
require education
All the
machinery of government
people.
man
fall
functions in the
be performed by the
knows no
other.
common
citizen,
and the
field
must
because Columbia
GENERAL EDUCATION.
Penn, in his preface
remarks,
it;
''
to the
43
''Frame of Government/'
by a virtuous education."
There
is
be obtained by general
ignorance, and
that
therefore
many
and gloom.
If there
him go
let
is
any
to the
still
and
small, nevertheless
it
name
imports.
It
is
to
its
means development.
There
a very
Were we
to con-
When
of development.
is
is
him
that he
He
sends his
much,
by
as
though knowledge,
yardsticks.
and prepares
branches of education,
their
measured
in,
pours
He regards
He takes
in,
from his
should
spill
the
it
it
were
precious
article.
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
44
to see if it
be
The poor
full.
He
filling up.
handled, and
filled
that education
is,
fining
Now
is
and crossing
the truth
mind.
spot,
it
Olympic games, or
as the Indian
It
view
to
An
mental development.
room.
am
aware that
municated in the
much
useful knowledge
There
halls of science.
its
is
no branch
share of valua-
ble facts.
value
purposes of
practical
education
life;
but in
com-
is
r^xerence
is
to
to
the
most
the devel-
much
agitated in our
that the
We
classics
own day
in relation to
and mathematics.
is
application.
this country
know
cultivate
practical
iji
to
give
this
inquiry
GENERAL EDUCATION.
45
There
of vogue.
that can
to
memory
assembly
listen, for
thought.
eems
is
be
fitted, are
of facts.
lems in the natural sciences; and the former are serviceable by explaining the general principles of grammar,
attention,
and memory.
as instruments of
classics
When
all
and mathemat-
are important.
If we overlook
if
we
should be regarded in
may we show
that they
What though
journey,
its,
of
may he
air,
he act unwisely?
of scenery,
of
may
vigorous body.
the
Is it affirmed that a
man
derives no val-
For the sake of argument we grant it; but then we declare that he derives blessings incomparably superior to a
world of facts
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
46
branches of
these
placed
the
study,
fact,
principal
that
reliance
was
students generally
know
that
men
when they
life,
are
engaged
Shall the
when he has
The chief
edge.
It is impossible for
he may be
mit
in
is
is
When
man
has climbed
beneath him
tion,
Learning
taste,
raises a
man
a world of loveliness.
philosophy,
chemistry,
botany,
physiology,
are too
much
to
neglected in our
They
are worthy to
much
GENERAL EDUCATION.
of science.
tion
to
It
satisfac-
47
own tongue,
Ma-
or to the divine
by trans-
lation.
It appears to
to the arts
every
man
me
is
be called
to take
an active part in
it is
AVhen
more generally taught, the counsels of
be less often overwhelmed by the declama-
wisdom
will
tions of imbecility.
speaking.
How
Writing
is
no
less
important than
mind was
rich, perished
from
ungrammatical that
it
wished to communicate.
Some
ers that ever attended the bedside of the sick have lived
and died
in
Had
cunning."
The
"had
forgotten its
youth precluded the acquisition of the necessary preliminary education, and hence their valuable knowledge was
limited to a small circle within the generation in which
which
shall
succeed.
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
48
to their
peace
ashes
but
if their sons
which ought
to enter
into a course of instruction; but before I leave the subject I will drop a
studied in
all
philosophy.
litical
By
remark
colleges, seminaries,
its
be
reading or committing of
should
articles,
that
subject,
and adapted
to
extensive dissemination
am happy
our hand
to
to
The
among
say
this
oii
that a
worm
might
as well
have never
lived.
He who
he does,
would have a
mind properly
to yield
The
child should
and be taught
to
woo
her as his mistress; and, that he may acquire the indispensable element of round-about common sense, should
be allowed to have free collision with his fellows.
Moreover, the youth should be made to emerge from
the
little circle
of
self,
and
to feel that
he
is
an inhabitit
is
alike
GENERAL EDUCATION.
his duty
brought up,
made
from the
V2^
he
to realize that
is
49
and he should be
member
is
all
it
and
to explore;
little
"
kind.
Man
intellect.
is
be evolved.
to
It
The wants of
lectual machine.
One
looked.
lowed
mere
intel-
fol-
toil;
or he has
he has descended to
he has become an idiot.
third,
whose constitution
discipline; but
to college
Go
is
woe
premature grave;
as brass,
may
or, lastly,
live
under college
genius
who submits
collegiate restraints.
firmities
or,
to the respectful
commons and
It is a history of in-
with tears.
Is
it
As
the handwriting of
his
image
dwells.
God on
Moreover,
if'
man
be
disposed
to
and be willing
martyr
way
summit
How
for
to perish a
often
do we see the
man
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
50
There
is
scarce a cemetery
Many
mankind on the
name
is found only
on the humble headstone of a new-mown grave might
have been transmitted to posterity embalmed in un desuch a course.
folly of
caying glory,
had
tabernacle.
Again
in
regarded the
possessor
its
Jehovah inscribed
that
the
constitution
earthly
much study
is
The mind
itself.
of
It
of his
fiat
is
to the ancients,
a weariness of the
flesh.
have seen
There
enough
to
have
lost
much
In consequence of the
and the
affections
those
ele-
him
day of reform
it
should
GENERAL EDUCATION.
51
question settled.
est lights in
been so regarded by the greatevery age, from the last to that of Aristotle
It has
Karnes
with so
little
attention
the heart."
to
"The end
of
learning," according to the immortal Milton, "is to repair the ruin of our
God
aright,
first
parents, by regaining to
to
know
love him, to
heavenly grace
of
faith,
per-
fection."
times might
Xenophon
tells
rather than
make
filling
them
to
speculations, taught
resolution,
iant, just
and temperate.
lives
man
head, even
nal
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
52
birtli
much
that
they had given him a son as that they had given him at
when
a time
Aristotle
minds of his
in
He
age.
mind with
mind
lifted
vision,
This giant
realities
he
sa"n
Who
it.
Who
go forth
how
me?
to the
mind
shall I travel
The world
is
will soon
be educated.
may be
It has
been said
mind
hushed with a
"pleased with a
lullaby,
rattle,
tickled
with a straw," and next she sallied forth to gather flowers on the lawn,
but now the nations of the earth give signs that the
human mind
are
spirit
tion.
The croaker
ting.
Is
it
it
cries
the world
is
degenera-
which induces me
to say that
altogether, has
more of
GENERAL EDUCATION.
her footsteps, of
53
fire
True,
her old garments may cling to her, but she has outgrown
them
Her
and
',
if
it is
old nurse
things,
to rattle
she
is
mands
universal education.
It
like the
It binds
before
Man
it.
On
be educated.
will
antipodes
unison
feel in
Man
may
rise against it
superstition
nobility
voked.
Vain
may
its
selfishness
rail
condemn; but
forth that
man
it
comes.
shall be enlightened.
sea.
like
their orbits.
still
among
spirit
resistance
It will not
be
re-
it is
sovereignty
ter
of
will
is
barriers
caste.
uprooted the
If
man
is
forest.
to
be educated he
is
to be free.
Freedom
her
slaves,
and
so
soil
was
fertile,
and her
valleys
many untutored
Was
then.
No!
Her
^gean
or Io-
because
it
mind
free,
but
it
was
were cultivated
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
54
when
foul or terrific,
tliat
all
and magnificent
man, enjoyed
by
inflicting
sphere.
beneath
its tread,
How
The husband
Nay.
It
hemi-
Greece resist?
little
collects his
the
The mother
foe.
calls
and marches
to
field,
meet
and,
and go forth
back upon
Now
See that
mopylae.
Bring
to battle.
it."
it
back, or be brought
little
and when
and Jront,
enemy
as reapers in harvest
mow
the
golden grain
Now
mense
in
to
Salamis
blow.
reflection
glittering prows.
Mark
to
the im
crush them at
vessels float
theii
gracefully
prow
mark
GENERAL EDUCATION.
battle
they plunge
55
they seize, they board, they grapple with the enemy body
And now
to body.
Xerxes
Persia
table
is
is
the fight
spirit
this
deathless
over
is
the
armament of
the maritime
is
Why
free.
love
power of
this indomi-
of freedom?
Greece
when the
Rome was
once
free
once
to
of
mistress
the
world.
pushed her conquering march, and chained the subjugaWhy? Her mind
ted nations, but she herself was free.
Her
soft
active.
and sweet
as kisses
from the
lips
of
Trace the history of modern Europe, and you will perceive that rational liberty has generally kept pace with
Look
at
the admiration of
all
Who
new?
Who
own shores
first
?
Who
ard of liberty?
whose swords
scabbards for
defense
its
the
first
leaped
whose hearts
soil
in
which
first
it
from their
poured forth
was planted?
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
56
Bunker, speak
olution
Who
first
us
tell
Hights of
all
indi2;nation burnino'
till
consumma-
The people who had been reared in temples of sciwho devised and put into execution the first
ted?
ence, and
The angel
and
upon the
breeze.
accompanied by
capacities,
and he
govern himself.
bosom
it
to
to
as surely
be
its
sun.
will
blow
latter
is
feel
no longer
still
small
what are
his rights
and
He
will
to be a slave.
speaks
voice
it
be free
to
every
telling
ordained.
I do not say that monarchical governments are unnecessary
is
ignorant.
I think the
is
failures.
When
may be
Church Es-
lature; a
defense
but once
tablishment
a nobility
let a
The child
needs not the toy when the season of manhood arrives;
themselves competent to
all
these purposes.
GENERAL EDUCATION
lightened
57
lier distrust in
become
that the monarch
correct abuses and study
wise with
people, and
public prosperity and peace that crowns, and
ernmental regulations
will
his
will
scepters,
and nobles may be made instruments of blessing to community. To all this there is one answer The wise man
:
will not
commit
to
will
what
evil
its
it
is to
In
the angel.
Knowledge
is
is
its
be
it
power.
It
to the devil
nate,
it
itself it is neither
it.
aid.
is so to
which
good nor
it
derives
possessor gives
angel of light,
it
The
it to
capacity to do, if he do
evil,
and,
will
em-
The more
his
man
is
sin,
it,
poor Ger-
He
were inclined
to
do
he counterfeited
should be limited
upon an extensive
field in
if his children
Experiments
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
58
This
is
The
precisely
evils
Solomon has
in the bosom.
A greater
'^
than
This
ness, blasphemies.'^
is
the philosophy to which every hour of the world's experience adds confirmation
direction;
by means of
its
vain
is
mere
ma-
education
to
his
it
intellectual
How
chinery.
It is to
vessel
to
will
sensuality,
rays
its
and avarice,
act,
too,
in
a broader field,
with a
desolating
Am
effects.
enginery their
terrific
summoned
to
the
ancient
To ancient sages
us go.
let
am
know
that
dences that
my
opinion
is
practice.
their depravity
well founded.
They taught
and conceal
its
workings.
to
The
There
niscus.
is
There
is
no
difiiculty,
the
son of Sophro-
wisdom, by consid-
man
that
GENERAL EDUCATION.
upon his eyeball
fell
that
him
led
it
he
pursued
it
and
59
shall
to
is
we denywashed
away?
Am
between the
to distinguish
be careful
influences
to
Lord Bacon
of other
effects
intellectual
education.
will
endowments, united
with
varied
What was
learning.
heart?
more
Only
make
to
its
Lord Byron
destructive.
is
an example of surpass-
And what
exertion.
it.
He
^'was
wretched thing
have upon
It
is
gloomy
admitted that
wil-
litera-
the character.
too far;
it
upon the
But
habits, to
let
it
is
rounding influence of Christianity, and not the intellectual habits of the educated, or the rank they hold in
society, that lifts
each situation in
me
life
has
its
brutal criminalities of
" Grive
steal,
of Byron or of Bacon
is
"
Who
less
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
60
God,
or
than
that
less
in
destructive
of the
influences
its
upon man,
excesses are
The
latter de-
You may
will
will
undying worm.
it
will
be only to add
brill-
Am
hell.
cities of antiquity,
free
from grosser
where
vices, it
refine-
may
be
to their religion?
Rome,
is false, it
has a
its
or Cor-
tory of
No; we
revolutionary France.
when she
reflects, that
of such a revolution
accompany
all
life,
difficulties to
on an appeal
and
to the his-
it.
Look around
you.
The world
is
globe.
GENERAL EDUCATION.
61
King of kings.
The Church must determine the world's
course.
She
them, leave
infidelity to
poison
them
all,
and
Lord of
hosts.
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS
62
THIS
is
''What
quiry,
profit
?''
meets us every-where.
It has
thrust
their immediate
There
strated.
is
the
of the
refuge
last
fine
the
has
female academy
and the
arts
it
fine
follies.
how
silken
What
to dress tastefully,
all
But
profit?
my
I take
pen
in
why
not inquire,
They
many
accidents to which
perhaps,
be
The strong
will be
thereby better
afi"airs,
guard against
instrumental
in
saving
life.
young
such as the
We
illus-
to toxicology.
nitric, muriatic,
and
sul-
arts.
forth
nitric acid
He
it.
physician
is
is
The
is
OF C
HEM
RY
63
anguish be aggravated
know
to
timely
if
administered,
Presently he feels
The physician
is
this,
he drinks
solution of oxalic
to take stains
from linen.
is
fatal.
it
When
he
arrives,
at-
perhaps
the poison.
Corrosive sublimate
is
our couches.
solution of
the
mother's
joy,
if,
having
studied
chemistry,
she
make
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
64
there
that
is
the
in
She sends
poison?
hen's
for
nest*
albumen.
for joj.
an antidote to this
Her
to
child recovers,
One
her of novels.
little
than
all
her more
to
to
by guess, from
teaspoon
Suppose a common
case.
or
the
of a knife.
point
generally the
fever and pursues
first
way
When
poisoned.
is
his
The med-
pre-
is dis-
Now, there
in a canister
is
a sure
door,
Though
this metal
undergoes but
phere,
it is
little
its
surface
want of
this
Sourcrout
**
Corrosive
sublimate
is
which
is
calomel.
Cooks some-
USES
HEM
TRY
65
may
they
absorbing poison.*
into disease
in
Families
by eating such
dainties,
cause.
That
Lead
if,
often
when
in
us'ed for
the
it
is
exposed to the
air,
process,
though kept
Ohio
in leaden
salts
cisterns;
is
may
be
occur.
unlikely to
not
is
often used to
compounds,
She
will
may have
occasion
for
her
its
information.
such as epsom
sonous
affini-
salts
salts or
glauber
salts,
to
of lead inert.
is
insoluble,
space
forbids.
We
conclude by saying,
that
poisons
'
66
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
In
all
cases of poisoning,
POISONING.
67
article,
^^Uses of Chemistry/'
We
chemical science.
dote
is
of
by some chemists of Gottingen. It is the hydrated peroxyd of iron, an article which ought to be kept in the
drug-shops every-where.
The
process for
making
it
may
come
a persulphate
phere
can
that
is,
has be-
is
easy;
namely,
ammonia
will
add water of ammonia and decant;
unite with the sulphuric acid, and precipitate the per-
the
amazing that we
be
kept in a moist
that
'^
it
is
that
is
Indeed, when
we consider
It
state.
it is
the
that
i,
p.
356.
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
68
tlieir efl&cacy
in
the form
acid
which
it
we can
may be
its taste
is
of
not
refrain
scarce
mistaken,
that
probably an
make
given to horses to
by mistake
sold for
it
horses.
The same
The
to other causes.
the
of
it
generally found
is
unpleasant,
many
mineral; that
to this
in
oxyd.
crude
or
^'
material
cobalt,"
is
resembles
It
very
antimony, frequently
many
the destruction of
to
fine
Fly Pow-
When
houses in summer.
so used,
is
it
generally dis-
some
accessible
Perhaps,
if the article
were called by
its
We
has caused
this region,
much
owing
destruction to
where the
saturated with
it.
earth, in
which
found in
phere.
vation be made,
it
is
filled
it is
which
will
be extinguished
question arises,
how
ing ascertained
its
doing this
efi'ected
ical
are
we
if
deep excaless
than
down
a lighted candle,
The
presence
absorption and
if a
agitation.
The
first
may be
POISONING.
69
to create
an
respiration,
it is
The
few years.
when, on a
bottle of
celebrated metaphysician,
John Locke,
first
time, saw a
started the
visit to
Had
atmosphere.
to
metaphysical
ing
no
It is
less
its
acquainted with
its
We
once
toms
to
He
was lying in
had placed, from the best motives, a chafing-dish of burning coals, from which his room had become almost insup-
Had he
till
is
said to be a fashionable
suicide in France.
mous "Black
mode
and
yet,
In-
of committing
Hole,'^ of Calcutta,
con-
infa-
among some
many parts
In
of our country the bedrooms are small apartments, without chimneys, on the ground
small
window
floor,
Around
or door.
a single
is
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS
70
growing vegetables;
for altbougb,
during the
reversed.
is
when not
confined, retain
the
same proportions
situations.
between the
phere of the
distant
in all
hill-top.
it
is
generated,
and
so
hundred thousand fires, and the unnumbered fermentations, and the millions of lungs that are constantly at
work in the crowded city, are unable to render its atmosphere irrespirable, or even to charge it with any
But what
bonic acid?
for
is to
some person
"you
-^
will scarce
71
will
encompass you.
you may expect enemies, and competitors, and misfortunes and as many of you will go forth without wealth,
;
efi"orts
may be
failures.
With
fol-
the
We
soil
difficulty.
The
air is tainted,
Whether
we
or
Earth
is
we
are
met by
a thousand ob-
is
unnumbered
blessings to the
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
72
sickle; but
who
jSnds
them?
Paradise
always ahead
is
of the emigrant.
Man
is,
is
and abundance, in
toil
and indolence,
restraint, in infancy, in
upward ; that
fly
Hence we
find
it
in
want
in indulgence
manhood, and
It waits
in age.
We
dwells within.
fly
Take a few
existence.
many
difficulties
it
in
it
than we can
illustrations.
young man
resolves to be eminent.
he gives
it
and
algebra,
difficulties.
No, he
How
can
seizes
How
CharT/bdim"
he who
it
'^
Does he
then, can he
become eminent?
passions by which
restless
How,
Will he
to
was prompted.
re-
tame the
Like the
How
Scylla.
man becomes
religious
retreats.
But now
greater.
He
finds that an
THE
NFL
characters indelible on
all
OF LIFE.
73
He
C T S
of reason,
admonitions of the
altar,
risen
moving,
the
Jesus,
decaying,
of living,
subduing
thousand warn-
unnumbered monitions
reviving
dying,
prajers
intercession
mellowing,
the
the
nature,
very
The
apostate deliberately
heaven
earth, hell, or
Take another
to
bounding heart.
illustration.
opens a missionary
Zion resolves
field,
occupy
He
it.
commences an attack
him
cord which
all
nations
gression
less
or
new
I proceed
can she
her the
escape
of
Now, sup-
missionary.
obligation
the
to
disciple
of
curses
trans-
as great as possible,
those
exceed-
it
send him
to
finds
rebellion?
Let the
has
in
trials
of duty be
comparison with
already
riven
heaven,
its
orbit,
a system
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
74
to
moral
rior is the
important
its
to
laws
the material
How
more
infinitely
the con-
I do not
2.
terrific
mean
the
difficulties
They
power
What
to
The weight
the
to
it
is
gives
of his
Indian foot?
What
ear?
The
curtain which,
by hiding the
visible universe
Thus
it
is
with the
Who
intellect.
is
soner?
He who
ficulties
It
but
it is
difficulties.
Bear
it
Bid
struggle, and
it
rest
teach
faint
if
necessary,
again.
it
that
it
it
walk when
must conquer.
If,
and not a
imaginations;
fault.
but who
are
it,
it
and struggle
goad
it.
Let
it
call
your weakness an
lift
its
branches
to the
75
skies.
and
ether,
and
vigor,
found
is
and just
it;
it
too, is strong, if
It will yield
ercise.
no revenue
in proportion
as
which
fountains
bitter
I will
be
it
add that
it
those
taxed, will
is
it
to
pure
its
The memory,
tax
and
let it
often
so
tincture
the
Avarice
flow.
and romantic
great
as
What
around
rise
difficulties
Perpetual
him.
trial.
He
faith?
stake?
Where
hope.
strongest
At
shall
we
expect
the
firmest
Who
is
compared
to
purified
silver
or gold?
own image.
Difficulties
powers.
argic
ous
As
body
and diseased,
exercise,
in a state of inaction
becomes enfeebled,
3.
the
kept in vigor-
Energetic
action
is
both the
leth-
becomes
sense.
To prove
aphorism
this
necessity
is
it
is
the
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
76
She
mother of invention.
to river,
from earth
and with
to
air
to sea, she
her dominion
him her crowded harbors, and her metropolis of thousand spires; point him to her proud trophies,
and her glorious triumphs in earth and sky; bid him
mark how she brings the fruits of all the earth to her
the sea; show
table,
latitude.
the secret of
that his
tell
him
all
that
from barbarism
path
From
this simple
to
civilization
resolution
and
refinement.
arts,
How
The Revolution
states a united
An
inventive
little use.
Why
so feeble an influence
her population
the globe
is
small
it is
Not because
pedients
she
artificial
is
infertile in ex-
ter-
races,
THE CONFLICTS OF LIFE.
77
Nay.
Is
Is
learning
Not a nation in which it is so much enYet should an earthquake sink her beneath
the waves, what ocean would miss her sails ? what land
The
her treasures? what science her contributions?
great instruments to which we usually attribute the
neglected?
couraged.
Khan and
made no important
use of the
terrific
instrument of war.
The
fierce
skill.
As with
difficulty
cross the
Rubicon
expedients,
illustrious?
bind your
soul
There
is
come by perseverance. Trace any great mind to its culmination, and you will find that its ascent was slow, and
by natural laws, and that its difficulties were such only as
Great results, whether
ordinary minds can surmount.
physical or moral, are not often the off'spring of giant
Genius
is
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
78
But there
nificent effort.
of success;
is
it
is
a something
which
pursues
man
to
if
him on
strike
way
his
this principle,
his nation
he
star,
in
gulf,
the
one bright
to
that direction.
Show me
yawning
right,
Carrying a compass in
it is
With such
a feeling a
sure
is
and mag-
the
fall,
to his object.
name nor
his generation,
and his
ages.
This attribute
is
God-like.
It has
It
may be
traced through-
it is
It is hardly to be
is
this
which gives
cles his
that, in the
ages makes
all
lust,
nor blas-
estimation of a
its
to
willing pilgrim-
more attractive
tot
light,
before
I
it.
am
excellence.
ascent
The
Science
has
it is
its
it,
and the
laurel
comes
at its
bidding.
Repudiate forever
and yet
"
eral,
Man
79
is
so gen-
Rather
more honorable
truth,
Man
to
consonant with
I grant
things
external
are
lava
as
the
to
the
volcano.
Circum-
artist.
One
of
menced
of
a razor.
West comand plundered the family
surgery with
painting in a garret,
all
make
When
his brushes.
Paganini
he said
the music
his bow,
is
to the audience,
not in
my
"Now
but in
I will
meP
delighted mortals.
Be
violin,
its
as ever entranced
strings,
a coarse in-
poet,
" I seek -what's to be sought
I learn what's to be taught
I
Talk not
of genius.
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
80
human
mighty
accomplish
to
What
is
Have they
known to fame?
not
scurity?
Fear
results.
Poverty?
your difficulties?
are
mind enough
in every or-
all
not
obstacles.
ignorance?
ob-
But perchance you climb untrodden bights. Nevertheless, fear to set down any obstacle
Look at the achievements of man in the
as insuperable.
natural and moral worlds, and then say whether you dare
set down any difficulty as insurmountable, or whether you
well
man
power.
Shadrach,
lions,
flames of the
Meshech, and
line
den
in the
Abednego,
and a long
furnace,
of the true
the
in
of illustrious
you destined
to plant the
to
Are
an
can engage
culty
apostles.
it
his learning?
apostles
his
quence?
The
equals
in
gift
this
of tongues
respect.
Was
Was
it
his
elo-
in
him
Was
the Scriptures.
the
all
crucified,
inspired,
When
called to
also?
his
It
he preached
Are you
it
etc.
the thunders of the Vatican, and hear him say, "I would
Worms were
are tiles on
that
many
there as
it is
81
or advance
invaders,
difficulties.
Ask
conquest?
to
Are
an army to
to lead
Csesar,
difficulties
may be overcome by
Have you
undertaken
to
decision of character.
Ask
the
field
or the cabinet,
any
shall respond,
in
5.
ally
Difficulties are
imagined
obstacle reduces
of the soul.
army; but
upon the
it
one
There
of
it is
half.
much
is
exertion in
foe.
it
should
(?f its
to stand
collected;
destroying
in retreating,
powers are
baggage
into the
result!
slain,
from attack.
the
the
fall
its
a retreating
makes no impression
is
every hand
works important
may make
effort
to
rise
it is
issues.
effort to
So a
escape from
is
effort
effort at plan-
wasted.
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
82
Imagination
rors.
is
imaginary
It dissipates
it.
humble
ter-
serv-
and paints
inclination,
man
never
is
fear
of irresolution
a state
in
iuner
taste; she
suit its
to
is
when
subject to illusions.
optics
are
known
coast,
to
flight
the
0,
They
I will!"
hosts
of
how
How
the ter-
advancing steps
are words of
magic;
phantoms and
they
hobgoblins
up around us in moments of hesitation; they reduce giant enemies to ordinary foes; they
level the mountains, fill the valleys, and make straight
which
fear conjures
Would you be
feet.
like
all
Ye
will
your enemies.
go
them
victors, write
pulsations of their
immortal powers.
little
hearts
with
its
billows
exile
83
to
rocks.
its
gal-
band of patriots.
They
emerged from that dependence
had
found
lant
over
all
The
that
they
their thoughts
and
in
actions.
we
whatever
viction,
is
done
is
Under this
done firmly. Next
is
conto
nothing so invig-
In some respects
it
is
be independent.
human law; but there is one little territory over which God designs that man should sway an
that territory is his own soul.
On
exclusive scepter
der the control of
a celestial
It
is
mon-
a holy inheritance
it
soil.
him
What
who
they see
it
Pitia-
its
when God
apprehensions or
cling to the
cross,
Were they
struck
its
it
anguish
by,
off? or
?
Can
Can they
lift
the
EDUCATION ALESSAYS.
84
what
will
be
its
of the world
is
to see
-perplexed soul,
he acts!
This world
it
Poor ruined
sits,
whom
him.
He
is
whomso-
a degraded mortal,
is
against
every stroke of
cries,
duty, and
weak
unembarrassed?
of Grod.
storms
From
as
is
from the
Would you be
degraded.
will; namely,
the will
as Gabriel,
is
Inquire what
may
he
may do
light,
own
all
will
soul
be calm within.
you
will
come
forth,
difficulties will
sink.
Under manly resistance difficulties progressively diIf, when we set out in life, we fail, we shall
minish.
but if we conlikely
to do so throughout our career
be
quer in the first onset, we shall probably vanquish in the
next, and, after a few triumphs, our march will be as that
of the conqueror.
The forty-fourth British regiment,
;
having
up the
fascines at
sent to
India
to
by the Affghans.
to that memorable
who
led the
American
lines
The hero
field,
com-
by a fortunate
his career
85
and terminated
battle,
mon
your energies
all
iterated
failures,
the
to
first
conflict.
Sum-
rises.
issue.
ful
(jireek,
goes
subject
Its
to
to success-
the
" I propose to
not
fight,
When
run."
to
Bonaparte
surrendered, he said
it
Manly
This world
is
a wicked one
it
loves to
Woe
to the
afi'airs,
man who
take an interest in
is
it
we
his
to
dine."
rivers,
passes,
Whether unfortunate
to
be opposed.
or
Had you
patriotism of Washington,
light,
the wisdom
of Ulysses, the
God
incarnate,
on
an
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
86
You may
blood.
ex-
the
human
will be mis-
You
understood,
will
heart.
hand that has gathered your bounty, and issue from that
No matter, stand
heart that should love and bless you.
weep over the ingratitude of those who
If you
firm.
let
If
tears.
no
let
murmur
escape your
lips.
Be
sure,
march toward your object, and your foes will slink away
Under such
ashamed.
designing enemy
sees that a
withdrawal.
its
man
is
which
When
not arrested by
diffi-
that oppose,
when they
see
their
it
when they
is
see
we
They
The
individual of sagacity
ly youth, because
he
will
for
which
will
make
he
it
will
tell
seek to intrust
upon the
it
to
some hand
87
use
all
who could
when danger
the hour
His
fearless
trial
around him.
ficulty
of
arose,
without alarm,
with
associated
The
happiness.
curse
to toil,
relatively
mercy.
to fallen
Though
and triumphing
in
though man
in Paradise felt
a kind angel
his
greatest foe.
Were
itself a curse,
praved,
it is
though in
it
to
it
is,
fire,
as a curse;
be such, yet to
man
de-
repealed,
earth would be a
would be a wilderness
man would
be armed against
all
would be anticipated.
hell
it-
in
vail,
man's
downward tendency.
But exercise not only preserves us, in some degree,
from wickedness and woe, it brings us positive pleasure.
The
limits, afi"ords
enjoyment.
As we
EDUCATIONALESSAYS.
8
lambS;
tle
we cry
out, instinctively,
creatures enjoy
the
dam with
We
What
pleasure tliese
lit-
without
colt,
And why
latter.
We
But where
From our
The
of our faculties
activity
is
superior natures.
We may
add that
ment,
all
joy
is
Does not
cellence of the
Go
to
fierce
and
struggle
final
na-
a nation's interests
gallery,
pest of
human
passions;
storm
they raise
loftiest
from heaven
It
were cheap
after storm,
each
at
regions
Then
is
they
the pur-
other;
comes
rels
when overcome,
enemy, no
glory.
insure honor.
field
What
of sham-battle
lau-
No
versary; the greater the foe, the more noble the victory.
Rome
trated Hannibal;
89
down Napoleon, her mightiest foe. Mark the aged Christian pilgrim as he rises from some fearful conflict in holy
triumph.
Hark
Methinks I hear him say, " 0, glorious
Gospel of the blessed God! Because thou dost task all
!
my
me
to
me
to the
arena; be-
to prin-
and powers, leagued for our destruction; to ruof darkness, and wicked spirits, panting for our ever-
cipalities
lers
thus making
to hell,
enly worlds
God
to
me
and the
flesh
the Spirit,
God
Go
blood-washed throng
their history.
if
and
and heav-
to earth
a spectacle to infernal
God
ask the
from
trial
of glory,
why
the
We
measure a man's
intellect
by his achievements; we
Think
difiiculty?
Try
it.
Go
wagon, play at
little
even and odd, and ride on a long pole, and see what laurels
We
will give
Now
go, like
among
a flock of
stamp his
How
timid,
give
how
an engagement!
courage.
Look
at
how
willing to avoid
strife; his
imag-
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
90
He
home
the
childhood, the
of his
who
embrace of his
longs
carries in his
vet-
He
stands firm;
She trembles
at the
band draws
his sword,
non's mouth.
War
to the can-
is
her threshold.
Guarding the
fire
the
rifle,
beginning.
God knew
Did
difficulty justify a
qualified his
commands.
When, amid
''
Thou
gods before me," did he not see that lion's den, and
hear that sad decree ? Did he not cast his ej-es to the
plains of
Durah?
and
all
to
And
yet he
not
did
91
high
qualify the
com-
mand.
When
did he not
etc.,
know
would be beheaded
kindle his
flames,
know
fires,
or feed
ye,''
them
to
the beasts?
to the
Did he not
well
to
Who
persecutions?
may be
would not
of reason.
I would take
into
room
consideration
opposing
my
views of
its
in the
Go
duties as clearly
marked out by
Reason,
were
to
to
I can not
motives
the
life
What
most congenial
to
my
taste,
or
is
most favorable
how
to express
or riches.
Homer
my
know
imnot
sepulcher.
to
it
comes too
Milton deserved a
late
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
92
favor?
Who
purified.
be
you in your
to
ing?
last
in the eternal
What
men.
is
Why,
You
world?
laurelsj
In what
and cents?
what
I say
bless a world
He
sinks to
dust of the
the living
God
there
is
in your
is
no object
signed you.
I
want
to see
you
men
mighty men.
Fain would I have you move through earth with a tempest's force; but better harden into marble upon those
seats,
man
Serve
God with
one.
There
is
who
least seek
them.
Pant you
an enemy to
and
fills
for a foe
all
it
You
shall
have
souls,
93
At
to cross his
army
first
He
Romans, the
rivals
Sicily yielded
of his
country.
thought of
inter-
all,
of the laurels
spirit
won from
In the
little
approached him, and, fawning in a childish manner, entreated his father to lead
The
him
that,
when he became
Ye
bal.
sons of Christendom,
to the altar,
man,
come
hostility to Satan.
Do
exemplars
they have
Do you demand
fore
you.
I point
you
to Daniel, to
Paul, to Luther.
of earth
called forth
a magnificent object?
The world
is
be-
unknown ocean rolling in all its majesty. Overwhelmed by the sight, he fell upon his knees to thank
Grod for conducting him to so important a discovery.
the
When
to his
its
took possession of
dinand, of Spain.
sea,
he plunged up
it
in the
name of
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
94
seas,
in darkness
and
captivity,
95
rPHERE
-*-
conflicting
to
first
joy generally
just reached
is
of solicitude
though they
of life's eras.
you that
is
unfevorable,
for
We
your welfare.
fiery
unscathed
knowledge.
Impressions
warm
as
it
does not
deep impressions.
to perfect
your knowledge.
but
little
* Address
artist,
It
which has
lifelike
beauty
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
96
among
It is not only
pencil.
many im-
to
Knowledge
as well as profit, in
The
vey.
first
examination
anticipated truths
occult
in-
more pleasure
affords
fixes
correspondences and
connections,
dependencies,
charm of
As
novelty.
till
new mysteries
to the
so language opens
improving mind,
till
of the spheres.
student, therefore, if he
that
like
of the just,
not sufficient
is
shine
But a review
your
field
sum-
human
through
heart;
to
the recesses of
mathematics
to
profound
97
the highway of science has no inns, and bears up no footsteps but those of ascending
The
and descending
travelers.
may
may.
feasibility of it
not be questioned
When
perhaps the
to
to
sufficiently short,
necessary for
is
may
all
erary pursuits.
its
to
therein, while
ical comfort.
and assign
thus
to
Do
such
the full
its
with
community of
the whole
regulated
it
each duty
lit-
claim
continue your
for
accomplishment.
duties
its
have commenced
shall
In a
sciences
life
may
exactness,
it
make such
that
necessary
is
a division with
Time
is
Cultivate
Your
luisdom,
too,
will
pass an
ordeal.
Wisdom
is
Our
hibiting
its
purposes;
has
ordained
speech
as
our
it
chief
solace,
so important
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
98
to our
considerable period
its
a cause of imbecility,
is
nature
it
needs
continual
when
Important as
it
it is
may
restraint
due exertion of
the
in
Many
he teacheth
feet,
of his thoughts
may
be good,
to pass out
he
is
which
is
although he
it,
not
lips,
fit
he does not
folly, as
it.
The
and allows no
exliihit
carries in
his
wicked, will
same
bosom
his
fill
a heart deceitful
mouth with
must utter
and desperately
a conversation of the
Moreover, as every
description.
he
man
ill
prone to
is
of his foes, he
flattery,
around him
all
in
continual
diffi-
culties.
only
is
good
is
meet
to
considered better, as
off'ense,
while, by
he secures general
favor.
Nor am
reflex
THEP A THTO
ive influence;
SUCCESS.
99
mind
that
quietli/,
kiss,
but I
believe
Hence, as a general
rule,
thought
recommend an
to
nor,
were I
capable,
so unnatural.
signed at
once
recruit
to
the
intellect,
ivisest
ties
exhausted
it is
of
energies
much
to
the reins
fly
wisdom.
man by
may
made to
Nor does
it
cancel the
evil,
or
sow
"to
often do
pun but
with
less difficulty
we gain
than
a jest but to
Loquacity
When
silly
how
and
does reputation;
his wise
man
is
not to be condemned
is
indiscriminatel3\
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
100
may
no
fiiults
and
may
information, he
as well
hammering of
ceaseless
his
if
he has
up
nail
his
tongue.
Habit
is
second
having run
ber, that
be stopped
like
them
ideas,
the huckster-woman
with
all
and although he
If
quacity
injurious to
is less
man who
the
like
spider
enough of time's
Jie
may
to
brush
flies
to
away; but
it
to catch
if
web of
who
cares
utter nonsense
to
is
is
praises of
Israel resolve
One
vain word
shall flow
forever.
Henv;e, in
of good; one
fellow-mortal's' mind.
train
of thought that
inflame
Him, who,
tain relations, is
consuming
are no occasions
I would
of others.
public justice
silly,
fire.
101
in cer-
enforced.
blasphemy
utter the
and slander
The
and
art,
the wonders
glories of
God and
tion without
sin,
of
creation
and excitement
How
is
it
in
heaven?
nothing.
volcano,
filled
suflicient
Who
to
re-
would
to discord,
mer
like
posed; he
and
is
is
bad
peculiarly ex-
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
102
rather be
in the
first
Alpine village
city, to
The
of steam
is
wheeling
cart-loads
off
every moment, yet the world, like the grave in a pestilence, stands with its
is
enough.
madness
to
much
many of
all to
is
of
affirm;
its
the
it
be rejected t'were
periodical
books,
are
liteiature
rich
and
in-
vile,
cries not
latter over
be given.
To
this
remark there are exceptions, confined however almost exclusively to the department of instructive books, nor
extending equally through
this,
the career of
is
in
me
ment, Addison;
for
models of manly
style,
Men
its
like
and for
Old authors
monkeys
are
bewildering fancies
by no means
assert,
not to be secured by
principles, but
tions,
by
new
a steady
social
plans,
is
103
who
and even
enough
to
feet,
irjriis
/atmis,
Old
many
quantity,
is
The contempt
not indiscriminate.
clergy,
safe to
I have for
The pages
have never
felt their
has become wiser or better by their perusal, while I suppose that their tendency
is
and
It
fill
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
104
But
this
to
subject,
"No man
ref-
drunk old
having
is
better."
The
amusement.
latter
to
those of mere
and
disinclina-
needed
for
to
The
books of men.
They
are
to
their
study
is
to
spend
in
life
to confine
child-
The mineralogist
and
muse upon
nature's green,
Reflection
is
as in the
physical so in the moral world, industry must be incorporated with our treasures to give
is
them
fills
value.
classifies,
the
Reflection
appropriates,
witliout
it
knowledge
is
105
If the padlock
is
selection of books
may be
crimes.
opposed
to
three errors
inconsideration,
This
is
contempt of
Inconsideration.
They
than reason.
Some men
for-
getful alike of the future and the past; they are worse
off
and restrained by
down
lies
instinct.
that which
is
satiated
videth her meat in summer, but the idler folds his arms
in
slumber
till
the ox knoweth his owner, and the ass his master's crib,
knoweth neither;
to
lulls
up a furnace in his soul. He has godlike intelbut he sells it for a fool's laugh; perchance he has
high and generous impulses, and would rise at midnight
to divide his last loaf with the beggar; but because he
will not consider, he followeth flattering lips as an ox
goeth to the slaughter, and drinks wine with the hostess
who lays her guest in the depths of hell; when admonto light
lect,
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
106
had no
mess of pottage, or
and no power
Alas
right to sell
without drag-
Contempt of counsel.
2.
There
is
man who,
with a
I ope
am
my
is
"I
When
He
sir
Oracle,
lips let
no dog bark."
among
a diversity
the gifts of
Newton could
raw
recruit.
counsel,
he,
kill
would
Eurybiades,
like
Though Wisdom
and
him
offer
present
hew her
club.
pillars,
table,
that
But though
temple.
to
her
will die
with him, he
imagining that he
is
is
and
impatient
bee, to be obeyed
is
he
tion,
3.
and a haughty
Partial
action
views.
Before
is
dictated
by
selfishness
Some
maybe
others; these
left to
^ 107
tlie
rights of
There
is
to
He
prudent man; he
reflects,
counsel;
takes
The
necessities.
he
is
to profit
is
kind,
by their
he, like
casses.
He may
his
of Scripture, ''go
tell
community of brutes
Yet such are the laws of human
he
will
than
is
meet, and
it
is
and a snarcJ'
our
own
The
love of
fall
money
into temptation
for its
own
sake, or
the root of
all evil.
Voltaire said,
"The English
is
people
are like their butts of beer, froth at the top, dregs at the
bottom, and in the middle excellent,'' a remark not limited in its application to Britannia
and though an
infi-
tious
municate.
He
to
cau-
all
march he
own
success only.
In his
down tem
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
108^
pies,
and
fires
Yet
may
be he
is
He may
do himself good,
to
the
plau-
office,
he wise?
Yonder
tion
him
is
ready
is
to praise
own
eleva-
in
democracy in the
street,
to allay local
or inflame
He
torch of war.
passions by the
What
prejudices by unconsti-
national
cares he, if he
empty a land
And
blasphemy,
and woe
so
fill
it
with
he sway the
their afflictions.''
in
Out, you villain; despite your cries of "0, the dear people !" the crowd you despise can see behind your night-cap.
Would man be
cution,
like
Kedeemer, ready
own
interests
to bleed.
'tis
Thus
earth.
We
still
You
You
subordinate
the
109
all
appetites
to
self-love
well.
'tis
better; weigh-
'tis
you
We
is
a fool
pleasures of a
who
moment,
infinitely
more
so
the
life for
he who jeop-
We
its
all
'Tis not
due importance.
You may be
all
Men may
and
is
Virtue
is
of the inten-
Who
would
sin while
But there is one in whose sight the heavens are not clean,
and who chargeth his angels with folly, and he is not far
from every one of us. Educate your mind up to the
idea of the revealed God.
in the universe of
dwells.
is
all
mountain of
ing; yet,
This
fire^
virtue
it
is
it
is
arrayed in
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
110
It
is
To you
In conclusion.
is
it
be
when she
the storm.
Hercules,
given to know.
It
is
when he went
to
unbind Prometheus,
sailed
To you
it
is
given to think.
tiently, strongly.
And
the world
thought.
verse
is
is
full
power energizes
fill
let
new
As
lessons.
infinite
Him
soul.
to
whom
is
But
the
a mirror,
to
final
fires.
men
men
nothing
to
the
You shudder
at the earth-
its
prayer.
And
bility is
simplest as well as
with
to you,
its
tlie
Ill
condition that
its
docket of the
To you
it
given to
is
Should a giant,
act.
its
able, like
its
tall
the lions that roar and the hydras that hiss at his feet,
when
But you
The age
gifint
mind
and that
iclll act,
is
that spends
More
mus-
life in
God commands
to action.
too
knowledge down
sciences, carrying
and
to lower levels,
all
The age
her powers
mind
arm
one of change.
is
moral whirlwind
all
You
deeds of daring.
its
An
all-comprehensive
is
the sea,
trace the one and hear the other, and cry ''here
'Tis
an age of unprecedented
lightning powers.
go to
facilities
am
I."
of thunder and
you
to
shades.
prison
consuming
in their sinful
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
112
We
match
move
to
a mountain.'
and
patriarchs,
have only
to light a
apostles,
upon these
planks.
You
will act
you tax
which
would have
to the utmost.
" Let
The
incongruous.
are
lines
infinitely lovely,
as they
He
a^d unknown?"
is
Think
ye,
Rather does he
patient wing of
throne,
his
delight
'^I
ashamed of
as
fire,
to
he
do thy
an im-
God!"
will,
Maker?
flap
Is
He
No.
the
he
blows
and whether he
fly
But why
felt.
They
the world of
make you
spirits,
Look out
there
is
an enemy;
sin,
which has
and
delity,
is
slavery, is crushing
footfall.
On him
human
the
abroad
and
sands at a
He
filled
infi-
hearts by thou-
Fain
wouM
113
as
But who
is sufficient
yours.
On
the borders
is
a place
of Christ, and say, ''The foxes have holes and the birds
of the air have nests, but the Son of
to lay his
man hath
not where
cross,
you
will
wake
to joy
when the
heavens be no more.
I have spoken as though you were to live long.
while I
am
may
Alas
mission to cut you down, ere the ink shall have become
damp
" Choose
to
you
this
''What thou
We
must
separate us.
to
Judas
doest, do quickly."
part.
till
will
will
hide us
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
114
/^
HEAT
^' that
of
so great
it
example
association,
ences
the diversity
is
mental
any
constitution.
These
differences
are
new combinations
such combinations,
less
as
You
will rarely
tendency
excessive,
to
too,
human
whom
in
to
are as end-
language.
there
is
not a
some faculty or class of faculties. When an uncultivated mind is neither of great strength nor marked peculiarities, the ordinary intercourse of society and the comin
mon
duties of life
derings
may be
sufl&cient
is
checks to
may have
wan-
permitted to educate
its
Such a
is
rarely
influences either
our salvation.
its
or
is
the most
We
mind, by tracing
evils of ill-balanced
faith.
is
and imagination.
Belief
is
MENTAL SYMMETRY.
andj like
all
generally^ however,
that
we
As
doubt.
it is
strong in early
life,
much
so
so
Not
faith.
may be
others,
115
necessary to
frequently deceived do
till
men
learn to
is still
immature, especially
if
it
under
infidel or sensual
associates,
skepticism.
sal
against
this
habit,
and especially
coming
in
is
their guard
these
republics,
considered so be-
of habit; they
What
may
capability
ened by disuse
is
learn something of
it
to
how
control
from analogy.
also
by an
exclusive
How
It
narrows the
field
of mental
life in
so powerless is that
trained to accurate
in
is
The
life
grcal mathematician,
and character,
subject which
fills
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
116
ism
reasouer.
little
La
Place
of Celestial
an impressive illustration.
is
MechanIllustri-
six
Home
little
he had not
No wonder
sufficient
that
tian evidences.
This inclines us
to
mind
to indubitable
evidence.
less.
Moral reason-
hence, he
stract ideas
and their
relations, will
however strong,
as
be unable
fires
to the soft
to appre-
of Stromboli would
skies.
3.
This
Faith
is
is
praved
human
is
provoked
nature.
is
Moreover, some
is
very agree-
men
are prone to
When
fight)
MENTAL SYMMETRY.
ram of prophetic
and pugnacious
parts
He
district school.
spirit
Imagine
among
brought
neighboring
to college,
the character of
At length he
roosts.
It
easy to predict
is
There are
the world.
in the
carried
is
school-house to school-house, as
to the
minds
inferior
till,
conveyed
boy of good
its
vi-
sion,
is
117
go forth into
will
facts
To use
this properly
operations a
training
is
trains
it
leaves
it to
fits
his
mind
it
may
to
run athwart
its
Is
the question
is
is
process of investigation
2.
the truth?
tions, in the
that
is
of the disputant
and
What
are, 1.
The former is that of the philosthe mind free from improper bias, and
I will not
when
it
succeeds a
mind, as occasion
may
require,
blend things of
diff'erent
important
facts irrelevant; to
confound
and bring in
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
118
the
the
important
trivial,
with
to invert
in the disputant's
will to
come
pany
which he
into
paced
He
infidel.
will be strongly
tempted
to assail
the
opportunity to gratify his propensity for combat and fondness for display; and, by repeatedly distorting the Christian evidences,
Gospel, he
will finally
become an
earnest
to the
enemy of the
faith.
The
case
of Chillingworth
is
an
illustration.
He
ceived
it
First he
on
religious
such a skeptical state of mind that he conimpossible to arrive at just views of religion.
is
ant of
the
MENTAL SYMMETRY.
119
He
estantism.
tion,
inferior to no
man
at so great a
irresolution
He was
He had
Wood
said,
to
by degrees, he
a great disputing
reason enough, as
This
vert himself.
that,
spirit
may
exist
in
the Church;
foolish questions,
these
There
is
results
man who
old
of
to
wait
per-
He
to overtake you.
acquaintance.
is
You
is
perceive by
liis
portmanteau that he
is
a sin-
cere,
he
is
made
eye,
He
philosopher.
cording to Lavater
to Gall.
more blessed
to give
He
inquires
but finding
it
tells
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
120
you the names and history of the settlers as you ride along,
and, when the village comes to view, he points out who
is
its
richest and
who
poorest
its
is
who
inhabitant;
and
St.
Paul;
him
is
glad he
is
is
not, for
Presently he
at work.
any
he fears
tells
you
he presses you
Being delayed
to call.
a day or
at eighteen
he was a blacksmith,
at
twenty
fifty
that
of the
in
worms
in
1840 he
is
manufacturing beet-sugar
in
1847 he
is
in
volunteer-
and
in
1849
all
In youth he
ofi"
is
for Califor-
a Methodist
and pound-
Another decade of
years,
MENTAL SYMMETRY.
121
and knees trembling with emotion, while he addresses the multitude that have gathered upon the
light,
bridge,
he
elder,
leading his
is
dedicated
When
trees.
bunches of grapes
like
temple
his
aisle
to
be
to
Presbyterian
up the
children
decade finds him, with broad -brimmed hat and drab coat,
sitting in silent meeting,
He
token of departure.
till
and defiant
a boisterous
half out, he
is
is
madly challenging, in
the papers, all and sundry, the parinfidel,
books
rare
and
drugs botanical
ill-assorted;
and mineral, in doses spoonful and infinitesimal ; and apparatus to cure you either by wind-power, steam-power,
On
or water-power.
last
time he was
Church he challenged
at
and
You
year subsequent
inquiring
leave
he
after
is
Here
is
man
a liopeless case
him
state of clairvoyance
devoted Christian.
is
is
he raris
body was
avis.
In classic story
so light that
we
he was obliged
to
11
Nor
him over
fit
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
122
unless
II.
found, in
is
Our
some
come
cases,
troops,
ideas
in
Attention
ity.
is
clusion of others
possessed by
an
effort to detain a
which
many
This faculty
solicit notice.
persons
different
perception in ex-
in
various
degrees
is
of
go
it
is
so
nor
being entertainment,
profit
from them,
and,
its
like
effort
it is
its
recollections are
mind which
inattentive
is
all
even of religion,
If
Convic-
The
proof,
gives
it
men may
Though
Some men
to think,
When
hour of
stillness, in
Many
MENTAL SYMMETRY.
123
brought
to fix their
real-
ities.
This class
and you
is
Go
numerous.
find multitudes
who pay
and
stores,
upon them.
and because
or tradesmen;
religion
know but
little
about
it-
they go to
it;
often, that
fine,
defining time,
who
understood
said, '^I
now
about
all
know nothing
St.
of it."
to de-
Austin
it
be-
They,
or,
may
be, as one
who has
by them.
was.
infidel.
They
modern Aristophanes
"He
is,"
the
said
may be found
at the higher,
safe
it
he
infidel
but particularly
in that portion
Of such
from
Foote was an
This species of
and especially
if
may
fear, neither
of
it
which
often be said,
is
the rod of
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
124
at the
Therefore they say depart from us; for we desire not the
What
^'
or
what
should we have
profit
if
we
we
pray unto
such
is
him
\"
He
ye be wise?
man knowledge,
he that chas-
We
he know?"
shall not
could forgive
regard his master without attention; but "the ox knoweth his master, and the ass his master's crib."
We
might pardon the brute should he murmur in the midst
of abundance; but, while "the wild ass brays not in the
midst of his grass, and the ox lows not over his fodder,"
the thoughtless sinner, forgetful of his almighty Benefactor, often utters
We
table.
can
and
morning light, regardless of every thing but
that gives no attenpresent pleasure and present pain
tion to its origin, interest, or destiny; but, alas! "the
stork knoweth his appointed time, and the turtle, and
the crane, and the swallow the time of their coming,"
while men, endued with reason, and moral sense, and an
apprehension of God, and a revelation of his will, can
forgive the bird that sinks to roost at evening shade,
rises
up
at
spend a long
life
to
life,
is
found
in
By
this
we
scarce be overrated.
of
its
elements.
Without
it
His power
MENTAL SYMMETRY.
125
Whence
Without
ideas?
what
is
it
Without
and
for
this implies
it
to
the
They survey
fields
company, without
charming
the
these are
abstractions.
they imply
to sense
it,
great I
or
AM.
mold some of
its
earth, or
productions into
feel,
;
without thinking
they seem
lost in
the
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
126
visible,
Of such
the poet
What
?
Would you have him adore ? You must give
him something visible. Would you have him worship?
truth
You must
wherever he turns
home and
of
circle
How
sympathize with
its
He
garners truth
different
abstract
friends to survey
humanity, and
not only between the vegetable and the animal, but the
By
ture,
By
First Cause.
and goodness
power,
lives,
was by a
of
infinity
the Creator;
and,
adding to
It
Newton
By
life.
Him
that
is
like Paul,
Thus,
too,
Him
that
is
smoke of
Sinai, and,
less
firmament
to the
his tabernacle;
who,
all
Him
that set
voice,
and
all
MENTAL SYMMETRY.
127
hide within his own breast, found the candle of the Lord
tracing his thought afar
Men
faith
its
or intrench
it.
a devilish
of them
or imperfection
is
Do
off.
The
best
abstraction
often
associated
with
great
which can go through all the works of God forgetful of his hand
can carry its lamp through all science without seeing him; can wing its way to all worlds,
genius,
and sing
its
thinking
of him.
from his
God's
God's thronefrom majfrom presence; the
feet; the
heaven
footstool
his
God's
God's voicefrom
thunder
heaven, without
of
chariot
his
its
that can
human
soul
spirit in
worship.
When
them
altars
and
men by
fire
by night.
came
to
In the
128
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
dispensation
we
mind
are
We
have church-
es^
He who
symbols.
rests in
we
them.
them
neglects
God
is
criminal; so he
is
The
a spirit.
may ascend
worship.
tion, in
The world
is
who
who
har-
the heavens to
are
as the angels
of
that
is
it
decorates
all
This
is
her chambers
may unbalance the mind either by its exThe former will carry it from
outer world to wander through Eden or through hell;
latter will make the real world one of mere blood and
cious odors.
It
the
the
It is
ence on
human
faith.
this,
my
not
it is
purpose to
related to the
For imagination
is
its injflu-
its
sober moods,
God
its
is
hence, skepit.
indispensable con-
MENTAL SYMMETRY.
dition
apprehension.
Every description
fill
129
is
an outline
up, to give
resem-
it
make
It is
of prophecy.
in figurative language,
The
whom
the imagination
is
exter-
mass of mankind,
generally strong, he
who
in
re-
of a
proper relation to
it is
adapted
to the
and
to scenes
to feel the
pow-
There
is
minds who, by an
raise children as
in the soul.
that
when they
them
all
in the hay-scales;
rule,
are grown,
and weigh
trometer.
three,
They
live in a
ities are
all
profit
Surely, this
and
is
all util-
loss de-
philosophy
falsely so called.
Equally injurious
is
an excessive
imagination.
By
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
130
pre-
it
it
shunning the
of morality;
real world,
him
happy
if it
it
interests in
do not press us to
tlie
rangement.
as a type.
destroys our
what concerns
borders of dethis class, of
Geneva, in the
His mother dying young, and his father behumble duties of an artisan, his
able man.
insc
engacred in the
grow as a vegetable in the wilderness, deriving nourishment from the soil in which
it was accidentally placed, and sending forth its branches
At
without direction or repression from human skill.
to
nine
to heart; at
prenticed to an engraver.
ter,
his mas-
prospect of starvation
induced him
mother Church
he remained
of
many
the
the
made
Madame de Warens,
till
till
renounce
a patroness in
sake
to
he was twenty.
of Annecy, with
He
whom
music teacher, in which capacity he maintained himself with various fortune till 1742, when he was appointed
as
secretary to the
ent
but
works; the
distant
last
periods
he
composed
of which excited so
much
at diflfer-
numerous
opposition,
MENTAL SYMMETRY.
that he found
it
difficult to
131
In a misera-
ble
peerless power,
Though possessed of
mind of
of surpassing beauty, an accurate knowledge of the human breast, and an extensive acquaintance with the
world, his powers, because
ill
ples
specific,
is
evi-
His
first
essay,
was written
to
a notion
which
in-
that savage
life
superior to civilized
morality,
In his Eme-
mental principle, that every thing should be left to naa principle which needs but to be stated to be reture
futed.
tempts
to stab
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
132
as an impostor,
as
founded on
false pre-
tensions.
Though he courted
Absurdity.
3.
flattery
life,
and
rel-
to insult
demeanor
evident marks of
less
It is characterized
in youth
away
His
by extravagance.
to
ill-disci-
to avoid the
drive
him
steals
from
consequences;
bond
soon we see
of adventures,
him seeking
till
hood.
Let us trace
his.
it
that of perjury;
is
it
at
to
go through a
necessity brought
se-
him again
to
Becoming an
author, he attracts
it
into a
By
his
his
condemnation
to
he provokes his
to
Berne
to drive
and induces
MENTAL SYMMETRY.
133
Persecution, in
itself, is
comes from
all
parties
it
prima
is,
it
Rousseau was
facie.
neva; by fickle
bishops
and
and
Paris
steady London;
philosophers;
infidel
We
how
man
by pious
by the unthinking
can understand
all parties,
but not
endeavoring to upset
He
how such
is
He
He
While an
ligion.
at
infidel
at heart,
to the
still
so for trifles
In reference
for.''
who know
His conduct,
in
is,
and a debauchee.
to his licentiousness,
many
particulars,
is
its purity,
its
his perfidy,
absurd.
is
While
relig-
evidence, and
his
animal vigor
was
his history.
heart feels
It
re-
by his
and
foundling hospital.
liar,
ask
for bread,
confession, a thief, a
and am
once
praises integ-
own
a one can do so
righteous principle.
all
human
happiness.
He
maintains the
and comforta-
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
134
ble
scheme of natural
himself
agi-
Professing love
their
own
birth as a misfortune.
"I
believe
He
that
Madame
Says
de Stael,
faculties,
life
it
erroneous.
His imagination
not those
some excuse
ard,
affections,
inter-
and
de-
'^
Have
sometimes
inferences,
for skepticism
and I
No more
have done.
who
difficulty of belief in
difficulty
is
the
will has
power
and unequal
ment
to
in these
conflict,
man
feels.
More-
MENTAL SYMMETRY.
135
common
evi-
He
dence.
money
enough
and secure
to secure
his
on doubtful
succeed in
nourish him.
natural life
affairs
his
to
food will
preserve his
and provide
spiritual life
for his
eternal welfare.
much
in our
power
as the subjugation
tions, or
all
blame
it
of the affec-
life.
inferences
1.
Though
correct judgment,
it
arriving at a
essays
means of misleading
upon the
effect of
others.
it
may
Housseau's
among the
fruitful seeds
of 1789
seeds
whence
which
The
diffusion
mind.
enough.
friend of
man
We
must have
well-regulated intellect.
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
136
How
uian
the
rarely does
Look
produce a well-developed
world
person distinguished in
find a
Pe-
ter,
with a Moses or a Paul, equally able to reach a conclusion, feel an obligation, or execute a purpose.
who reason
Look into
There
difiiculty.
al-
most into delirium with their utterances of intense emotion ; and Alexanders who put forth will, till you tremble
the presence of the Almighty; but not often do
as in
we meet with a
ful proportions,
all
exalted manhood.
their boasted
4.
development of humanity.
now
Let
men
but
me
be understood.
I re-
to the
men
fer not
all
thers
with
Here
ancient.
nations,
to
to the progressive
make monsters
instead
division of labor.
It is
There
is
one
class
running
into
brain,
another into
it
to
The
difi"erent
and each
cog in a cog-wheel.
classes
is
in-
like a
MENTAL SYMMETRY.
secures wealth,
art,
and
civilization
man was
man
if
and
if
not?
12
137
man.
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
138
AY,
there
is
it
I would invite
overhangs them
is
temple.
its
accompaniments!
purifies
all
the stream of
life,
but, at our
Or
Praised be
capacities
during
its
God
let
for the
worthy
to
die."
Wokdswoeth.
lasting life
me
ever-
another world
is
a world
ture's eye
a world
whence
lion's
float
all
make
it
139
volume of truth
we range at will
and, heedless of place, we share
with God.
When shall we
Jericho
at
enter into
Not prematurely
it ?
till
" tarry
Nature designs
born
man
to the
and fragrant
air;
warm
full
fires
him with
irresisti-
new-made powers. Thus she nourishes, and cherishes, and molds him into man; thus she gives him
his
"
spirit to
The eye
of the
world.
its first
its
open
therein."
fire
its
gates.
This opening,
germ-
is
ripe grapes,
charms,
however,
let
when
the inner
requires
pa-
eflbrt
attend
When we
turn
as
one of the
as one
If
listening to
we attempt
fix
we awake
to analyze our
all
at
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
140
No wonder we
in confusion.
first
till
some strong
passion, or
Alas
ward.
how many
is
pass through
life
without scarce
a world within
for
In his boyhood he
was frequently shut up in a room where there was nothing but a clock; to amuse himself he studied
struction,
parts
till,
at length,
and their
con-
its
and
relations
its
Ever afterward he
uses.
its
would he be
its
the
relations,
immortal soul
to set it
its
in
more
he understood
till
circle of
spheres,
duty in harmony
we
likely
and
How much
and uses!
The more
we do the
the less
life
of
reflection.
the spirit against the flesh, for they are contrary to each
other."
It
is
the eyes of
vail
Homer and
it
of Scio's rocky
quenched eyeballs
The
story
old bard
is
spirits.
isle,
as
you
roll
in vain your
much
the
Nor
first,
thee,
do I
thou
pity, as
141
Seasons return
No; I pity you not^ because so much the more didst thou
wander "where the Muses haunt'' so much the more
did '^celestial light shine inward/' and raise up things
vague ideas of
as
it,
to close
unknown
New
On
hymn
ence, he sat
its
is
musing
how
will
be the consequences of
am
its
near pres-
they receive
my
entering?
who
glorious world.
ica in the
name
will
is
still
But
mo-re
Columbus could take possession of Amerof his sovereign only; he was to leave
are
much
of praise
inhabitants?
to the
sailors,
"What
Columbus,
island.
God.
were
It
own name
it;
to its shores.
lie
it
The undiscovered
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
142
and forever.
discovered
was
seen by
Columbus
That country which
millions of eyes before he saw it, and has been by mill-
is
its
unlike
all
others,
scenes or trace
its
This world
world,
it
is
one of heauty.
Lovely as
is
the outer
is beautiful.
soul of dislocation
is
there, according
It is prevailing disposi-
all
the
We
see
Do
in the
143
Memory
shroud.
0, Grrave, where
is
is
thy sting!
when he
am
What
does he see?
sitting
Where we
sat side
Hark
When
first
Hark!
The
you were
my
May mom,
bride."
mind
too,
runs
is
tints,
is
within.
Hope
the
busy
artist
The
of the
in light;
tires,
or
but
The
the mind
they
As
the genius
And
infinitely varies."
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
144
an independent one.
is
It is
beauty at
all;
and
fra-
"Mind
alone.
The outward
bering within;
throws
its
but,
in
own charms
over
its
senseless forms.
first
make
He who
a paradise
she will
make
ever
new
woman; but
won
his cause.
own
3.
breasts, I
is
a suhlime one.
Great extent
sublime.
may walk
Deprived of
all
Who
Is depth sub-
cliff to cliff?
Plummet
line
the depths of
and
human
all
deep."
for in
From
it
actions flow.
Adam.
is
is
come, in epitome;
to
whence
''The heart
In thy breast
will?
said,
145
may
to the skies.
Untu-
onstrations.
Ask the
lazy foot.
lightning.
How mysterious
Imagination
is
the
its
a celerity that is
oversteps a space
it
sublime
Is swiftness
Is mystery
be noted.
image of omnipresence.
mind
soars
It
it
may
Memory
a canvas on
is
its
little
may be
gyrations on the
the tomb,
its
its tri-
within
may spread
pushing
out-
back
its
the thou-
Al
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
146
redeemed
Reason
ones.
is
and
knowledge of relations
It gives us a
lost
in proportion to
effects,
and sees
results of
is
is
little
!
Say that
measure a pyramid.
losophy
How
speculations
its
to
progress
in the clouds; if
calculated eclipses?
there,
the year
is
fall
into order
by their guidance.
Say,
you safely?
You
rejoice in maps,
and
dial-
still
they are
How
How
How
angelic
a!!
14T
Lis
How
What
grand a
a
wonderful
pregnancy does
is
swarming
give
it
city of
to
words!
thoughts
may be made
its toys,
to lift the
And what
shall
we say of the
wilderness,
bloom, and
which says
to the
it
is
will?
as
which says
to the
fire,
on an iron path-
maketh
Every limb
is
single
How
his friends.
shall
he avoid uttering
Hark
it?
Will not
Wait and
Will
see.
An
interval follows
falls,
dreadful interval
rand,
in
make
not a syllable.
till
every limb
is
in fragments,
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
148
lies
now
off,
and
human
spit
will
is,
The
it
all
things.
up against
How
itself.
when
man
untamed
will
the
Bolt
feast!
of the
desolation, as
it
Infernal world
Receive thy
There
itself
To
is
new
extent
This
it
is
hell,
possessor."
the heart.
a great
hail,
I
Give
me
a per-
is
The judgment,
will,
its
but
all
last, it
149
potent influence: sometimes blinding the judgment, giving tone to the fancy, forcing the will, and perverting
the conscience.
Hence,
We
in the
are
it
fires
too,
is
much
Poetry, eloquence,
credit to intellect
and
Genius, in
understood.
little
its
sensible
little
etc.,
heeded
happiest moods,
things over the
is
is
hobby.
may
The
revolt of the
common mind
seem
natural,
shows how
little of
its
be uttered
the achievements of a
sucli a
The heart
is
Every
hill,
to us
and
river,
itself
lets loose
To
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
150
march
in
and
his
to
future
For him
incense.
lilies
And who
does not
know the
Why
the judgment?
trial.
soil
Why
is
it
that
Why
is it
is
it
that the
as the
tem-
that the
it
It is because of the
to
The heart
is
is
Will can
the wizard
them all.
I know it.,
does not make thought any more than the mountains
make the springs that gush from their grassy sides; but,
that evokes, shapes, and directs
it
151
its
The excited
no
rules,
seizes
it
them
hurls
Sometimes
engages and
criticism,
spiration
mon
soul thinks of
its
figures
and
movements, and
its
like to supernatural.
seizes
terrifies,
an
is
to direct his
its
triumphant action.
est
images of God?
Would you
its
wings, and
filling
Now,
consuming
fire
in the breast.
efi"ect
are modified
by coex-
mental constitution,
these
etc.,
flnally,
chiefly
of
depend
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
152
its affini-
4.
These extend
ences.
You
others.
should
leave
it
The wandering
of a planet
lives.
all
your
at
in heaven,
in the other.
may
So
alBfects
still live
in the skies;
hell,
new song
yet
in
felt
related with
Look
movements.
erratic
its
is
would be shaken
this earth
movements may be
new wail in one or
Its
raising a
up
its orbit,
influ-
its
indefinitely,
many
sublime, because of
is
in
seed
as
from seed;
the end of
in this age
same nature
always
as the seed,
exact copy.
its
in that; while
it
it is
bring-
may be producing an
The
a fourth.
in
history of Thucydides
pro-
historical
Theirs.
Action
is
no
less prolific
than words.
He who
His character,
or Washington's, may be a
ous progeny.
has no
illustri-
parent.
Marathon
the
battle-fields
of Greece
begat
from the
first
mountains and
glory.
its
fields
of martial
an oration was
as long as
side,
of heroes.
153
Home; and
Hail,
Hail,
Demosthenes
Paul
to-
many
heaves
Hail,
man
It is the
moved with
reverential care,
when
it
The
re-
be
shall
its
boards are
Such
a world,
young man,
is
country
his
own dear
native land
and
to
whom
is
his
neither
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
154
can yield so
When
surfeit
much
delight.
the sting of
ous truth
its
life,
or loathe the
us go home.
glori-
own
infinite
domain,
and, as
scafi'old
He
can
say,
" Should fate
commaud me
unknown
to song,
where
first
the sun
Flame
Since
God
is
'tis
naught
to
me,
felt.
How
grand a sight
is
As she
ther rich
cargoes she
is to
bear,
may encounand the lightning that may smite her masts and wrap
her sides in flame, lighting up the sea as if in mockery
is to
ter,
THE INNER WORLD.
of the night; of the
many
that
155
to rise
float
feel a swelling at
this scene
you, if he
the heart.
as
were
to
to a
at
is
this
moment
fields
God
new
seas
whether, as
roll
onward
its
valleys
in deeper
fill
up with population,
it
shall
or into higher
it
and
would rush from your eyes and the soul sob out of your
body! But the lanch of a single immortal soul into life
is
a grander
a world.
millions of successive
joyous conceivable
life
of one of
its
inhabitants, or the
still
it
by
mill-
know no
limit.
As
it sails
156
out in
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
life, it is to
determine whether
it
INAUGURAL ADDRESS.
157
ity,
its
thought of establishing
it
inhabitants,
We
is
admirably
for
who
ademus
or
who
or the
rises
was easy
be permanent
must be patronized
must
and that to secure both endowment and patronage, it
must be placed under the fostering care of some religious
Now, to which of the sects in Ohio were
denomination.
be endowed, and to be useful
lordly halls of
Kenyon
filled
The
the neat edifices of Granville attracted the undivided attention of Baptists, while a score of classic piles were
5,
1846.
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
158
byterians; but lo
To them,
therefore,
committee
the
fall
to the
was natural
it
at its session in
it
ten acres
of ground, embracing the sulphur spring, and the present college edifice, on condition that
time,
reasonable
establish
it
should, within a
tion.
proposition,
this
many
of
members
sideration
to
thought
it
its
cit-
own body
but as the
if
would be unable to fulfill its obligations to Norwalk, and, perhaps, might be false to both.
This opposition prevented the immediate acceptance of
tion from Delaware,
the
ofi"er.
referring
it
it
the
Ohio
conference,
which,
after
to
Opposition
to
the
were accepted,
ulty
till five
we have
INAUGURAL ADDRESS.
fcered,
we
stitution.
159
liave
in-
acres of land, embracing the college edifice, donated by the citizens. $10,000
Five acres, which is adjaceut
5,000
The Allen farm, near Marion,
10,000
Scholarship notes supposed unquestionable
45,000
Laud and subscriptions known to be safe
2,000
Ten
$72,000
Our
liabilities
3,500
are as follows
Professors' salaries
$3,350
tolerable cer:
$1,000
2,500
300
$3,800
are,
dollars.
have reason
for
If we
discouragement.
contrast
our
els,
and
in the literary
of small things.
dowment equal
to
our own.
The
it
had an
edifice or en-
transatlantic univerities
are
hills.
are in the
We
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
be small, not so its expectations. We may be quieted
with indispensables, but not contented. We shall go on,
160
means
as our
chapel
increase, to
and commodious
erect a neat
opulent
the wisdom
of
treasures
an
obtain
to
library,
containing the
to erect
a laboratory,
and
its
fill
to
erect
cottages,
arbor,
to
lectureships,
without entering
lege classes.
up
to realize these
of Delaware.
their personal
feel
we hope,
will
To
go
jus-
1.
col-
of the citizens
The institution originated with them, and
pride
is
tlie
interests
involved in
its
success.
which came
They
so gen-
Tell
me
not of bigotry
in
It is a matter of joy to
located in a
opinions
community divided
me
it
in political
and
is
religious
INAUGURAL ADDRESS.
natural as the
may
indifference
feel
It
it.
this point
The
IGI
One unmarried
whose ex-
annum
$2,350
professor
250
up
their
3,150
The students
will probably
to families resident here,
6,000
1,000
1,000
2,000
$15,750
This amount
will
number of
tend
to
been
five
lots
remove hither
in-
been
considerable
Moreover,
founded.
ditional
fame
to
may
is
and
the spring,
it
destined
a
result, is erecting a
it
to Delaware of $60,000.
agant,
let
him
inquire.
direct influences;
let
us
in-
less
than $300,-
ad-
building where
throng.
give
sagacious business
to
Here, then,
is
institu-
a donation
We
advert
to
the indirect.
The
its
Remove
the
them
14
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
162
farms be wortli
Make
bring?
What would
have not
shall
may
is
shall a people
common
Provide
when they
But how
hidden for
Heretofore, farmers
felt
telligent?
lie
become
schools,
the school
is
You must
first
You must
and a curse.
a farce
Men
tain these?
in-
Where
life,
teaching.
tural
To the young
look
able qualifications
At
the college.
2.
competent
And
icJio
are
know
to acquire suit-
You
require
studied nothing
else,
of enlightened
ciplined powers,
who
not these.
men
dis.
and
test
Whence
do such
men come ?
common school
may be traced.
In nearly
ever}^ district
where the
whom
its
vigor
INAUGURAL ADDRESS.
163
but
farther
man
educated
mind
to write for a
common
immediate
society, is
skill is requisite
The
schools.
Much
into light.
it
none
The
primer.
in
is
required to bring
even
write
let
Col-
interest in
as well as remote.
farmer com-
it
him one
is
session.
so well
Upon
another year.
father,
is
incidentally,
ority,
he
his return,
Showing
thousand
ways,
his superi-
he
attracts
and
is
astronomy, and
is
made
elected president; he
librarian
excites
he delivers a
general
admiration.
and Henry,
all
with us?
Well,
father,
exclaini
the
Presently there
note of preparation
and
is
is
it
young James,
home, where
it
to college
and grad-
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
161
uate.
country,
is
going on in others.
is
platform of society.
Industry
stimulated, intelligence
is
diffused,
fined,
taste
become
villas,
with the
swamps
and the
lily
the forest
parterres,
re-
extended, and
cabins
fragrant
is
rose,
to
We
What
will
be the
upon
effect
its
The young people being educated will become refined for intellectual pleasures awaken a taste
pleasures?
for
the
David
the pleasures of
sion,
will,
sense,
harmony, grow
their feast,
it
distasteful,
pas-
to
with the
/am
not mad,
upon the
social
those rude collegians that toss the ball on that green eminence, or lounge upon
its
grassy slope.
Look
its
to thai
to that
progressive enlarge
we have
in view,
where
air will
till
the eye
to that laboratory
INAUGURAL ADDRESS.
posed, and liglitning imprisoned
learn
New
Haven.
tures on science,
may
Look
philosophy.
And what
at
influence
through
It annually floats
all
the winds of
it
citizens
heaven
165
all
it
it
praises
it
will
The
all generations.
embalm the memory
of
founders,
its
Whence come
but
not only
give
earth's
the
ones
founders of constitutions,
Jeff'ersons,
general
rule,
fill
the
great
the
from
the
the
senate
college.
As
scroll of respectabil-
if not of fame.
The
ous community.
creates distinctions.
make
artificial
ones
To
is
to
Jiis
will
It
is
to
the
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
166
aristocracy;
it is
It
per-
is
But
the grave.
let
ucated,
Let them
by side through a
sit side
full course,
and they
will
literary
if
Bad boys
institution.
will
play
But
freaks.
not he
is
witless,
winding up.
The
II.
and determined
speedily, permanently.
These
to
res-
they bind
the promisors
they secure
all
men
Have
little
conferences
these
aged, wise,
Some
who compose
fulfill-
good.
Are
What
consequence.
not to be
thci/
part,
trusted
Itin-
to involve
themselves in heavy
eration?
And
liabilities
without consid-
as considerate?
of tickled lungs?
Are
their speeches
ten
commandments?
INAUGURAL ADDRESS.
assume obligations they do not intend
trust in the Indian's pipe of peace
167
to
we
we
We
fulfill.
when they
of their victims,
we not
confide even in
deliberately
and can
resolve.,
trust in a
attribute of
God
"Lord, who
dwell in
hurt,
hill
and changeth
He
of that?
who
shall
not.^'
or find the
What
shall
thy holy
already written
faithless.
oflfer,
history of this
institution,
own
see in the
an earnest
of the
final
ises?
on
its
own
their sincerity.
We
have no wish
to enact a farce at a
United
stitutions as she?
But
many
True,
more
in-
in
are
indifferent to our
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
168
educational
if
as
enterprises,
The
heritage."
When
lege.
first
still
its
senior
hope of our
went up
Ohio conference,
they are
col-
North
to the
When
she
and
their resistance,
fear,
who was
it
that
It
When
locks.
meet
her,
and
to
fell
her
the aisles
his friends?
Abraham,
was a
It
a better
man had
it,
through a
age.
whom
trembles on
with age,
his
staff
that flashes
who
rises
up a
collection in
trial,
to
man that
eye dimmed
an
and a mind
are taking
is
with indignation,
it
fiery
It is a
INAUGURAL ADDRESS.
moment, but
that,
tlirougli
table,
But now an
dollars/'
he dryly
man
old
he did not
inadvertence,
he steps to the
169
name was
As
called.
mc down
says, ^^Set
five
pocket-book in hand,
rises,
call
circuit,
through the woods, looking up the home of the emigrant, to preach Jesus to
prowling bears.
to
And now
is
him
for support.
He
comes this
No
No
top he sings,
poor, wayfaring
man."
Methodist college.
hear the
it
When
to give to a
as
not genuine,
a base
that
calumny.
sneers
at
'Tis
unless
it
be
pseudo-Methodism,
learning.
Some
of
her
are a few
because
it is
15
they
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
170
Thej
of
us
tell
human
learning
human
We
rance.
igno-
The
either.
but
question
is,
whether he
sl
Jit
If not, which
will.
one or an
for in-
him?
does he give
a bag of sand, or
'^
Let
unjit ?
When,
what
cakes baken on
^'
the coals
Admit
We
be-
lieve so.
They
answer
are
all
spare it?
men?
dollar
And
ally to look at
cate
able.
this annu-
it
to edu-
much to
families among
Thousands of
enough
for a college,
feet,
sufficient left to
bind
intellects,
and
down
There
is
Ohio
it
to
endow
a university handsomely,
coffers,
They
duty?
even if
it
is
lence,
Are not
sea.
The same
from her
are willing.
What!
it
that there
What,
is
then,
between
this
difference?
selfishness
and benevo-
is
clj/ing
to
it,
be-
INAUGURAL ADDRESS.
And
in heaven.
arc Methodists
is
all
171
There
hypocrites?
their profession
empty
their
air,
Nay,
verily.
There
is
as
much
among them, as
Convince them of their
that
and they
it
versity;
1.
Is
is
will
earth.
do
their duty to
shown
sustain the Ohio Wesleyan Uni-
it.
thorough education
to
Within the
may be
generally,
is
the result?
to
when
There
are, probably,
one hun-
col-
Church
to furnish
her propor-
ing,
as
issues: silly
but look at
its
chief
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
172
stimulants
to
"falsely
so
the
flesh,
fires,
sinful
may be
they
Nor do these
cupy the irreligious and infidel mind; they are too often
puffed
by the
Church,
And how
to
shall
its
life.
perversion
She must polish the minds of her noblest youth, till they
can rival the glowing pages of Scott, and Voltaire, and
Sue
4.
The Church
is
bound
Within the
may
last
to
college.
turn
its
disclosures to good
butes of
As
all
addi-
attri-
advance foot
would awaken in the philosophic mind a deeper adoration of the Creator, an intenser interest in his word, and
a stricter obedience to his
for
human
depravity.
commandments.
But, alas
pass through
new wonders
mind and a
in
INAUGURAL ADDRESS.
173
Bible.
him when he
altar to the
of
hand in
her green and sunlit
love?
his
all
ways, thou
King
of saints."
pointing to
phy,
loftiest
newly-discovered
the
exclaims,
sun,
^'Hail,
stars,
herself in
to
the
whence stream,
And
omnipotent reignethi"
may
that she
thus
God
make
may
Churches attend
to science
preach salvation.
it
fathers
Circumstances,
Our
Breth-
be
have
too,
fathers.
Meth-
mul-
It is the
ments of Romanism.
to
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
174
bring
accusations
railing
against
'^Mother Churcli;"
what wonder
The
if
following
will,
charity,
in* the
from
command
however,
Church
for faith
fiducial trust to
^^
sincere milk
by her practices of indulgence and absolution; incumbers the simple ordinances of God with complex ceremonies of
assuming
And, although
Roman-
free institutions,
by
spirit of
to
believe
that,
That she
is
work
clear.
When
et
once
artibus
And
his
it.
We
for this
INAUGURAL ADDRESS.
The
175
vigorous, youthful
mind
it
find
sity will
If Meth-
and finally forsake it, Romancome to its relief; and gladly would she now run
up those winding stairs, to nail the wooden cross to yon
odism
ism
will
dome.
hour.
I lived to see?
sand
hills
What
it
new
respond,
is
is
not with
and the
grain,
it is
And
the reason?
the silver in
barns,
upon a thou-
Rome
present to
.Shall
break them?
Is she
as
or that the
beast
may
eagle, ''mounts
From
rock,
prey,
6.
place.
to
how
is
opening.
And
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
176
tlie
advance of Christian
world by an impenetrable wall, has suddenly presented defenseless borders, and invited the armies of
tian
Zion
and
x\frica, already
human
race;
How
these
trumpet calls?
we respond
shall
to
And how
whom
Piety and a
call
to the minister;
As
we send?
shall
What
are
Men
these?
may be
necessary.
and enlightened, the rising generation trained and educated, the captious Brahmin met and confounded, and
the hollowness of a venerable and gorgeous philosophy
exposed, surely, in a world, and under a dispensation,
to
immutable
laws, a disci-
If,
therefore, the
is
human
Church needs
bound to erect
est evils
1.
which threaten
Avarice.
this Union.
We
all
instance a few
ages,
and has
INAUGURAL ADDRESS.
177
more
to
It
Rome and
government.
We
is this
Although he sometimes
more frequently is the forerunner of luxury and effeminacy, the companion of vice, and the refuge of crime.
We see him often silencing the pulpit, swaying the halls
of legislation, corrupting the bench, and even cutting the
"The
of
love
money
the
is
root of
all
written,
evil"
itself
comprehending
when
curse.
men
falls
foolish
in destruction
it
into temptation
and hurtful
and perdition."
growing
'Hhe God of
speculations of
What
shall arrest
minds of
The only
The
and a snare,
which drown
cially since
them
evil
lusts,
Among
these auxiliaries
money, by furnishing
is
the col-
desire for
but the
men
drink of the
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
178
and
by
and,
perity,
amusements,
it
it
elevating
afi'ording
and
tranquilizing
desires.
at
It
It
unworthy
weakens
we
our inner.
light,
The
soar
sail
tions of nature.
As
can
Learning dimin-
He
by increasing the
attrac-
him
heaven
him
to smile
and, as he swells
its
Few
pursuing wealth.
to
him of the
make a scourge
who are mean
tell
INAUGURAL ADDRESS.
179
which threatens our nation is, her poThe patronage of the President, always
litical conflicts.
great, has, at length, become alarming, and the scramble
which it encourages may yet tear the government in
It is easy to see that corruption and overthrow
pieces.
await any republic in which the elections are a strife for
What is the remedy? Patronage is essential to
spoils.
administration, and if transferred to the senate, or any
other co-ordinate branch, we should, probably, have more
2.
Another
evil
Who
for office.
number of
aspirants
His '^promised wonders,'' visions of past and present worlds, have composed his mind "into the calm of a
He shouts not in the maddened
contented knowledge."
Who, then, are they that clamor for office ?
crowd.
day.
Quacks,
theological
pettifoggers,
experimenters
to live
bow where
'^
profit to
thrift
scholars in public
may
life,
fill
the professions
themselves, and
by professional
with
mere
follow fawning."
True,
we have
When
ion.
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
180
Had
sand.
We
Look
ahead.
"I
such as Pericles
lots
it,
will
marines
at
the
Salamis, or read
We
state, pi-
mused
that have
manders
places with a
all
fill
need com-
him who
Where
have
shall
been
we look
the
for
asserters
them
to
Macedon,
Go
ask history
Who
of liberty.
who
burst the
The
of ages?
classical
Luther.
to time,
resisted
the
thrones
about
with
constitutional
restrictions
^'
Who
the argument of
all
and
at
whose
voice,
to arms,
freemen
ation
Who
first
vard.
Who
to
be made, or a
by
classical scholars,
framed
were drawn
Its principles
Who
From
The
INAUGURAL ADDRESS.
political corruption.
colleges
181
'tis fitting
Though the
village,
make
to
a further inquiry;
necessary
it is
God
for unless
build the
it.
foundations on the earthquake, than without his blessing; but this, we trust, we have.
ways found
it
learning an important
men
planted by
arship
Christianity has
auxiliary.
It
al-
was
flourished in the
first
it
was revived by
losophy as in piety;
it
as
men
Wickliff'e,
Me-
profound in phi-
Fisk
as
celebrated
for
literature
as
Piety
religion.
is true,
and that
is
may
also
prove a curse as
equally clear.
upon the
teaches truth
God, and,
like
means of
-froiyi
is
a propo-
must
blessing
The
promotion.
its
college
God, eternal
it
sition
be
it
dwelling
in prayer,
we
in
to
We
light.
are carrying on
our work in faith, and we hope to bring forth the copestone with shouting.
not,
we
college.
May we
If
'.
in the
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
182
how
important, but
is
we met with
often are
it
The
is
great mistake
it
!
this
let
the rich
is
man
the poor
One-
half the pupils of our colleges are the sons of the poor;
one-third, perhaps, rely
support.
When
or less
for
let the
upon themselves
Look yonder
more
hung with
tapestry, those
glasses
ment
but, lo
and passion
frantic with
is
enjoy-
At midnight
a cry is heard,
is
for her a neat cottage on the common, and her father be-
And now
Musing
her sons.
Suddenly an
"Kiches take
to
them-
and
fly
is soft to
before her
her
open
other, says,
"My
INAUGURAL ADDRESS.
183
sons, ^over and friend hath God put far from me, and
mine acquaintance into darkness/ my riches have dissolved as dew, my heart is weaned from earth, and I have
no wish
to live
me;
but, look!
yonder
is
the college;
its
The
cost
it
we
are fortunate
for
the land.
Go,
my
my
let
so shall
jewels."
this?
speaker,
It is Secretary
who
steps forth
This
is
an excellent
plain-dressed
stands a
W.'s son.
is
youth
moment
his
knees
gently tremble as he
breathless silence
how
he takes his
as
when
As
the leaves
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
184
Who
widow
that?
is
Presently
in that corner
all
weeping tears of
strikes
And now
louder whis-
still
all
The band
joy.
the
are
Why,
The
The compensation,
enviable one.
is,
by no means, an
small;
the
and incessant.
honors,
I
know
Were
destroying.
pious, they
alas
all
by parents
with hope
danger, and our pillows can not bear up our aching heads.
Why,
then, do
lege tables
to influence
men
God
to serve col-
human
soul are
INAUGURAL ADDRESS.
needed in the
my
emn
my
accepted
conviction of duty,
not,
possibility of obtaining
till
out of
appointment from a
sol-
to retain it
am
college.
I have
path.
185
it,
my
I expect
abilities, or
word of exhortation
We
are in
let
us
death
Show
is
approaching.
exalts,
and leads
to
God.
So
Muses
shall
purifies,
your
and remote
ages.
16
humanizes,
Alma Mater be
to
distant points
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
186
PHILOSOPHY,
sum
use
total of systematic
limited
is
knowledge, but in
its
ordinary
The
the
to
methods adopted in its pursuit vary according to the degree of mental cultivation, the extent of knowledge, and
These methods are greatly
the genius of the people.
diversified
Let us
population.
the speculative.
ing of
Youth
life.
practical
To the
is
first
we
the former
is
morn-
generals
with
is
with
spirit
with
things
nation's
seems
ternal objects.
through visible
idence
to
Isis.
at
first
EXTREMES
IN PHILOSOPHY.
lie
187
instructed in righteous-
ness by a devouring deluge, and in the doctrine of immortality by an ascending prophet in a chariot of
it
history of education.
lessons in singing,
fire.
seen
is
speech
This
turity.
she has
till
is
to
minds
ma-
as a general thing,
my
It is not
And,
He
first,
danger of many
in
is
errors,
among which
are the
following
1.
He makes
ceive
I heard, I
^'I saw,
me?"
It is possible
they may.
and,
shattering
after
restore
it
know the
to
all
its
it
much
credulity.
my
senses de-
he cries; ^^can
felt,''
to
^'I
watch from a
fragments,
instantaneously
but you
pistol,
Passion has
its
influ-
imagination.
So, too,
You saw
a ghost
as
!"
you came
all
of the phantom.
mind.
For
from Ad-
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
188
dison
lady, as she
moon through the telescope, ^two lovers con^No/ says the parson, as he puts his
versing sweetly.'
eye to the instrument, Hhey are two church steeples inOur conceptions, as well as
clining to each other.' "
Sometimes they are so vivid as
sensations, may mislead.
looks at the
as is often the
artist
with the
case
He
2.
is
and
tion of cause
eflFect.
when
times,
is
rela-
a comet is succeeded
stars.
So in our own
p?'oj)ter hoc.
is
producing the
result.
influence in
In experiments where
all
the
experiment
sion
as
is
when
sufficient
to
in a glass retort
etc.,
where a thousand
draw a general
principle.
result,
of influence-
we may
to pro-
err in considering
it
a cause.
cured
me
of gout."
of gout
therefore,
it
body
else
Different
human systems
EXTREMES
IN PHILOSOTHY.
189
He who
icated by the
So with
the
to
from a
critical
various functions,
We
gist; but
all its
have reason
to the geolo-
who determine all the inclinations, the temthe capacities who even gauge the faith, elimi-
of our day,
pers,
head?
3.
A third
error of
he does
It
may
is,
were strange
guesses.
to
But
if
it
leadher,
make shrewd
How
natural to
mind, making
it
easily impressible;
the
truthful sug-
Hence the
make but
celebrity of quacks
little
impres-
If
we compared
them
Some
are perverse
enough
to collect facts
on one side
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
190
of a question only.
old gentleman in
frail
Kentucky
many
in
pro-
and
soon have
filled
it
Thus
arises
much
of
Many
is
for
life is
such a case
a lucky day,
and
mind on
collecting
counter fallacy.
assumed
is to
set the
is
day.
This
is
a false premise
all
Fridays.
to be obtained in a hurry.
railroad speed.
Truth
is
not
EXTREMES
times grasps
but
is
it
IN PHILOSOPHY.
suddenly, as
it
only in the
field
it
tlie
till
it
they rush
to conclusions,
and had
latter rain.
191
unsatisfac-
This
is
belongs to one
slowly"
thought.
consecutive, fatiguing
to patient,
who
usually
It
to
'^hasten
to detect error
under
its
spirit,
the truth.
4.
principles
here
one put
is
to sleep
feats;
is
clairvoyance,
spirit
raps,
once
a believer in ''mesmerism,
at
He
has
so,
he
is
prepared to believe
deception;
it
should, therefore, be on
its
guard against
and legerdemain.
well-settled
principles
Again
concerning
There
as not to
is
in
are there
human
not certain
responsibility
Anciently
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
192
that
afl&rms
when
play
many
by music.
may be cured by
diseases
tell
the flute
us
how
to
it.
that
ing
songs
it till
This doctrine,
it
denotes.
Zimmerman,
In Chili the
may graduate
blow.
The same
in
practice
country, although
it
is
is
almost universal
chiefly confined
to
in
this
moral and
political maladies.
it
The golden
pill
was found
to
wrought wonders
consist of bread.
all
over England
Men
till
once supposed
to
produce
its specific
effects.
They put up
their rem-
pockets,
and
were
ready
to
depose
that
their
castor
oil
thus applied through the vest was purgative, opium stupefying, etc.
in, and that,
upon the allegation of facts, as that the sun shines.
We have had witches even in our own state, though I
suppose we have none now, for in my youth I sold asafoetida enough for that purpose to drive them all out.
It were easy to multiply cases of this kind, but enough
too,
a:
EXTREMES
lias
been said
to put us,
PHILOSOPHY.
IN
when we examine
193
facts,
on our
facts
itancy.
The law of
love
it
is
moral
How
world as the law of gravitation in the natural.
inthe
to
reformer
striking the answer of a certain great
quiring messengers
of another:
the
own
eyes,
It is not probable, if a
man
gets
permitted to do
so.
it is
Again
if there
it is
all things,
law not limited to democracy, but affecting
currents,
physical and metaphysical; despite all counter
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
194
a future,
that future be to
will
him
be a greater
to
man has
him an advance. If,
fool
which brings
them down.
am
any hypothesis
in spite of
ability
to
them.
account for
to
be received
to
know
that
may
facts
may
that facts
stood
that they
may occur
them
there
will
last case
be sufficient
we must
notice
surely suppose
given,
suitable
we bow
be sure
to a fact,
it is
Let
would not
fact.
us, be-
reflection,
of
field
In regard to reported
is
facts,
tion
and scrutiny.
should ask.
Is
a fact or a
it
judgment
testifies
He
to
gives an
inference.
Is
between
nection
statement
full,
or are im-
when he should
to a conto
an
dis-
facts
arrangement only?
his
testify
There
in
mind
in
examining testimony.
which are
There is
to
them
be borne
a particular
EXTREMES
PHILOSOPHY.
IN
195
he been doing?
he an inquirer
Is
or a convert?
Is his
ond-hand witness
Is he an original or a sec-
Does he expect
What
upon himself?
his facts
which
to
heart
or
the influence of
is
Do they tend
down moral
his
profit, or flattery,
make
to
restraint, to
entertains
his con-
overthrow
ferocious-
which
man
What wonder
to
examine himself
if
such
glorified in a world
is
fail
facts should
Nor should
If
to
prejudices or passions, he
ine the value
of the
is
he
fail to
or
Nor should
later
indifi'erence
are believed.
Is
succeeds
it
to
The
excitement,
fashion of literalism
He who
to
in
We
is
very liable to be
philosophy,
from
scholasticism
in medicine, from
196
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
dogmatism;
in
from
religion,
enthusiasm
the
witliin
among
statements
and the
country,
thoughtless masses.
its
mean
not
is
currency
receive
Nor should we
forget to
do
negative testimony.
the Irishman
which
who complained
But
him.
would ask
testimony
which he
is
associations.
is
little
he an agriculturist
He
is
concerned
belongs?
diseases
Is
he a physician?
and remedies
constitutions
ily
symptoms of
to their classes
temperaments;
come under
He
a metaphysician
that
to
He
is
combat the
he
content.
Is
he
them
Is
also
1.
kind
He
is
reasoner;
but then
he
is
not
much
of a logician.
did not
to
and contents
EXTREMES
PHILOSOPHY.
IN
197
by
And
nature.
he can not
if
in
sion,
all
and that
Aristotle,
free discus-
all
disputants
those days,
a
public
when
exercise,
In
eration.
Raymond
Lully,
so that
who
you had
woman
But of
all
reasoning that
and reaches
its
conclusions over a
or a quid of cavendish, as
most
easy.
it
mug
of beer
were atmospherically,
is
the
among
us.
In
all
third.
reasoning
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
198
connection with
other,
it
it
may chance
pared with the same third, are not compared with each
How
other.
numerous
ambiguous words
are the
If I say, " I
how
a Democrat,"
may mean
people;
that I
all
the improper
political party
am
may seek
many things which I heartily redeny that I am a Democrat, I may mean
with a certain political party; you may
me
responsible for
So
pudiate.
if I
its
oppressed
understand
charge
me
may mean
am an
If I say I
it
me
word
you may
and
mad-
If,
me
am
its
technical or tempo-
it
may
accuse
So I
am
and
if
erwise can
we account
oth
and vengeful?
How
EXTREMES
Often
men mistake an
argument founded
on
founded on analogy
is
resemblance of
IN PHILOSOPHY.
199
An
resemblance
one
much
less
an analogy.
is
for analogy is
so;
ratios.
imperfect,
is
but
is
little
resemblance,
It will
same
as its effect
reasoned.
is
plied.
Some
it
was
at first ap-
thrown from the door of a monastery of German Benedictine monks, in which Basil Valentine was experiment-
powder with
offal,
to
it.
to fatten,
and attributed
it
to
Subsequent ex-
Then thus he
rea-
of a
man
man
to a
hog stomach,
with he mingles
expecting that
pigs, fat, sleek,
it
proved
to
so will it
it
it
be to the
human
is
stomach.
to the
Forth-
and well-favored;
it
but, lo
it
He
lays
1.
to impressions.
6.
4.
birth.
to
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
200
That he must
7-
like agreea-
agreeable
when
sensations,
protracted,
or
That
8.
rapidly
too
man
worst
is
9.
and circumstances.
11.
pro-
is
From
circumstances.
these laws
food, water,
ity,
and
him with
it
and shelter
in proper quantity
give
and qual-
at regular
sufficient
and agreeable
to
around him;
all
Well, this
and being
all
is
appli-
find
it
won't work.
it,
and found
it
was
True,
more.
He
is
an animal
but he
down and be
something
is
He
altogether.
rior
man
is
lie
creatures
has springs within him of which infeknow nothing; and educate him as you
altars
blood of victims.
ization
know,
mony may
ful
is
and even
its
chords
its strings.
may be
may be
swept, har-
It is a
most merci-
is
often
neutralized.
If there
is
so
much
fallacious reasoning,
how happens
EXTREMES
it
is
An
IN PHILOSOPHY.
201
Men
down ?
act bet-
Antinomian may be
bound
to sin,
and
may be under
Catholic
syllogistic-ally
An
infidel
may be under
logical
bonds
to liberality,
but
it
may be bound by my
of
prin-
life
is
and
Endless are
easy for
me
to point to St.
men
us.
Our
Some prove
volitions result
and propensities
and inasmuch
as
we had no agency
in
we
latter,
are
men
are
accountable.
reject the
you
like
Without
conclusion.
In-
able
to
fires
of the conscience
Do you deny ?
Then
point to the thighs that have been loosened for sin, and
self,
and
Do you
appeal
heart?
say
is
all this is
the universal
stoics;
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
202
will weep, the
knees
cowards of us
all.
will tremble,
which
that there
is
make
conscience will
no such thing as
Hume
demon-
and Berkely
spirit,
is
as
though
it
never thought
it
is
Have you
little left.
perfect
How
is it
cal
same number of
Men will
cures and recoveries among their patients?
never surrender either a primary truth or a practical
principle because they can not construct a syllogism or
Go
him
place where
it is
or a place
moved
in the place
nor
it
is
moved
where
in a place
is
is
for
it
not; but
where
is
moved
either
it is
where
wagoner driving
it
where
it is,
to the
it is it
it is not,
it
for nothing
Do you think
the poor
man
No;
not
remains;
that there
in a
is
down
sit
in despair
him
it is still
inexperienced.
it,
And
true that
especially
there
is
EXTREMES
IN PHILOSOPHY.
203
to reason correctly
and
We
have glanced
at errors in
losophy.
craven,
careworn
it
is
it
is
an earthly, plodit
never
moves
heavens;
it
philosophy;
it
staff
its
and mantle
it
ascend the
to
it
never bedews
it
its refrangibility, or
by which Copernicus,
flying through
the midst of heaven, like an angel with a trumpet, marshaled into order and harmony the phenomena of the
starry hosts, or of the steps by which a greater than he
ascended from the falling apple to the law of the celestial spaces.
It has a lamp to guide our feet through the
throws
its
way
to the
inward;
and the
it
past,
it
it
when
attention
its
is
efi"ects
attracted
hence
and the
visible
when
crumbling about
imitative,
it
it
it;
is
for the
it
most
merely
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
204
experience
without intuition
"Dust thou
Hence,
it
art,
It
the
is
philosopliy of
we may
or faith, of it
say,
return."
shalt
it
turns
not the marble into man, nor the canvas into history, nor
the earth into a temple, nor the air into the whispers of
it
the death of
It illuminates,
fire.
but
obscures, too.
it
which
as
we
see openeth
and revealeth
all
the terrestrial
eschews
It
it
that
all
What was
it
lines
umphant
filled
soldiers,
who
that
rolled
An
made Cromwell's
What was
abstract truth.
An
tri-
the
Europe, and
conquerors
of
mere abstraction.
British
What is it that is overturning the nations, and spreading over earth the bloom and the beauty of Paradise ?
troops
set
of abstract
abstraction
truths
such
as
that
all
men have
equal rights, and that Jesus came into the world to save
sinners.
What
abstractions
is
not founded in
X T n E M E S IN PHILOSOPHY.
But there
is
205
It is
of society.
busy with
are too
is
not fruitful of
outward things.
it;
Abstractions
we
float
to
ulative intellect.
in
more than
We
society perfect
the
by perfecting
communism and
social
institutions:
new
con-
The theory
States.
hence
make
to
and they
them good
laws, and they will be prosperous; make them prosperous, and they will be happy; make them happy, and they
will be virtuous.
The old policy was make the individual right, and the aggregate will be right; the new
is
make the aggregate right, and never mind the individual.
The old philosophy was, '^ Out of the heart prostitution,
will
give
ceed
murders,
thoughts,
evil
adulteries,
make
fornications,
us lawgivers, and
etc.;
we
political
Out of
is,
therefore, cry
will
purify the
machine
then
and the heavens their dew; the hire of man and beast
shall rise, and the people shall possess all things; old
men
shall
shall
wear young
construct a body-politic
work of
art.
eyes,
it
may
also
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
206
restrain
alleges
Many
it.
which he
to
vis
make your
Man
society
Make
is
is
cities cities
the progress of
a nation wise
it
will
shake des-
potism from the throne as the lion shakes the dew from
his mane, and
and code
it
will
as certainly, as steadily,
honey.
Politicians
may hasten
am
not
human
action,
right.
virtue.
may
of the hinderances to
its
operation
kingcraft,
priest-
udices of education.
But the
revolutionists of France
no vision
Mark
the result.
France hangs
EXTREMES
down her head
to the
PHILOSOPHY.
IN
ground
her eyes
She
the Seine
still
its
is
crimson tide
poured out ia
to the
swarm
therless children
the city
as the
the sword
man
Shall
with watch-
says, ^^Behold,
roll
fail
207
Shall
sea?
Shall
down
fresh
and no one
pity?
is
of darkness ?"
There
2.
produce holiness.
it
Men
is
The
its
would believe
fool
of
it
are prone to
and
liberals
tendency
in Grod
will
to
were
advocate
The moral
This
this purpose.
is
his theory
in
all
affections should
Man
social,
may
and of
little
consequence,
ity in general.
This
a pretty model of a
tion,
be repressed as unfavor-
that he
re-
and
tinct, definite,
nul
for
comes
speculatist
is
a beautiful theory;
machine
like
many
work.
few
to
and
it
is
that
it
they who
distinctly
we can not be moved to act for that in
which we feel no interest. Nor is this the only diffi-
can perceive
it
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
JOS
How
sion.
can we
There
is
a philosophic speculatist.
Kant
class is
man who
its
sensibility?
of his native city, and was never seen thirty miles from
its gates.
He was as near an abstraction as could well
be;
never married,
istic
and an
wise.
idealistic.
soul,
according to him,
sits in
so as to
"Explain about
And
talk about
it,
it,
lines to dullness
it;
philosophy of Bacon.
According
you would form an idea of a man, for example,
you must see him if you would know him physically,
you must study him anatomically and physiologically;
to
him,
if
if
EXTREMES
IN PHILOSOPHY.
fluids
ibility
all
substances
words and
agine a
209
works
vacuum under
up
his hat,
in the abstract.
18
way; im-
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
210
leligi0tis |Jias
mere animal
life
tl]^
^uh
improvement
soil,
0f
is
(BUtutm.
traceable to exter-
food, shelter,
and the
man
We
So far
human
which a churlish climate imposes, that makes the temperate region more prolific of intellect than the tropical; and the same thing
body.
It is the
necessity for
toil
To
raise
up man
may be taken
for illustration.
We
select
there
is
a God.
apprehended and
He who
to think.
encouragement to think.
the dust and
It is the
1.
this truth is
being equal,
other things
felt,
which
211
the
is
measure of his
If
to
all
ferent
mind
when one
the
feels that
God
child of
eternal progress
How
he
is
destined
all
and
to immortality
sun
wait
upward
points
may
to things
unseen
own powers;
for the
assurance,
^'
may
hereafter."
If
things, then
may we
there
be
However
one Lord,
know
all
:
if
As God
we may look steadfastly and confidently
for order and harmony even in confusion and discord;
and while we are kept sensible of our deficiency, we may
acquisitions of truth will never lose their value.
is
infinitely wise,
also
We learn
to regard
Father;
scafi'old-
We
find in
God
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
212
starting-point
pursuit
in
of truth;
a link to
all
a firm
that
is
foundation
permanent; a
sky-light without
tomb.
Purity of heart promotes strength of mind.
may have
his
man
a corre-
As
his
understanding
enriched.
selfishness,
the
heart
just conception of
will
will
will
become
ilization,
tion,
brutish.
from the
less to
brutes, and he
But move him in the other directhe more pure society, from the less
till
and the most intimate fellowship of earth, and he becomes greatly improved. Could he be placed in the center of an amphitheater,
and
all
all
how
But
it is
said,
when immured
to the eye of
God?
never looked through the key-hole of his dungeon without meeting the eye of a sentinel directed upon him.
may
faith, in
So
There
is
expression;
another consideration
but
new truth
must be expressed
first
is
mind grows by
its
own
generally unpopular;
it
sometimes in death.
of truth
faithful expression
213
to
is
The ancients had their esoteric and exoThe very terms show that they often held
teric doctrines.
Not so much from want of
truth a prisoner; and why?
great Author.
it
is
human
passion
bungling, and
liable
neither long
is
it
its
is
evan-
operations
be arrested by
to
science.
fear of the
desperation
is
may become
may be terrible
future
stances favoring,
inspires
men who
I grant that
is
as
rid themselves of
all
but their
it
Mohammed,
Bonaparte, were
all
his
march
till
he called the
in
Huns who
gift of the
followed
him thought
tri-
God
Washgave overpowering force to their sense of duty.
his
knees.
Hullevolution
on
fought
through
the
ington
umph.
man
nature, sensible of
future,
and a prey
its
the idea of
to superstitious fears,
can project no
measure of
^H
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
214
forth.
Gustavus Adolphus
tian.
makes
is
puts
said, a
So he does,
a good soldier.
it
is
if
only he be sure
right.
When
man
feels that
God
with him, he
is
may do
as
occasion shall serve; he feels that the laws of the universe are devoted to his purposes
that
He
take him.
and
fire,
cross
and
rivers
without
sling.
so
God's hosts?
What
protection,
frosts,
and
It is the
to destroy?
New
and savages
diseases,
more
because he feels
that
Whether he encounter
Pagan
he
is
priests.
linked
to
He
is
strong,
Omnipotence.
all
belong to
may
to
men, or
life,
Him whom
him, he feels
aifect
all
will,
and he
it.
With such a
men
and
thousand
two put ten
thousand
is
says, I can
do
all
to flight.
It
may
in-
wardly; for
by an
also
is
is
measured
215
greater than
other
things
We
have,
as
life,
to
walls of
disguised him-
ting
head of
off
Eegulus
that Carthaginian
ignominious peace.
there
it
fried
stances, the
mind
till
But
off.
is
in all these,
and similar
it
in-
and
often, too,
performed so suddenly as
who fearlessly
a mad dog, or
judgment.
to give
no time
man
a single adversary
How
would be willing
battle plain
How
to lay
down
known, or
if
they were
to
or in a dungeon, or
you would
scaffold,
!
of suffering nohly^
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
216
riors,
And
might
ob-
They were
imprisonments.
der,
They
wandered about
in sheepskins
when
man
Here
is
royal fortitude.
is
desti-
So,
power
He who
who embraces
*'Thy
will
all
is
It is glorious to
to
drawn from an
infinite source,
and
and
say,
he knows that
that if
may
left.
burn in a martyr's
fire;
may
die even
more
gloriously,
all
all
''Weep not
for
me; I ascend
to
my
Father and
to
Redeemer."
The
severest trials
your
my
217
The hard-
est struggles
and
In these inner
mighty
is
to
"When
this,
who
suffer
to
conflicts
who
upon such
relies
he only
believes in
a promise as
will
be
with thee, and through the rivers they shall not overflow
When
thee.
fire
thou shalt
To the
is
may be
it
said, strong
made them
intensity
tranquil on
every other.
to itself pity
"The
its
charms.
fear.
Death had
They had
their
Enthusiasm had
made them Stoics; had cleared their minds from every
but not for the things of this world.
fatigue,
to
danger
of
influence
prejudice, and
to
and
pleasure,
pierced
of
and
raised
them above
corruption
to
pain
not
insensito
be
be withstood by any
to
barrier."
And
this brings
power
to
know
not
improve
why
is
me
to
owing greatly
it is so.
to his idea of
God.
him
to
unknown and
distant truth, he
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
218
soul to account^
liis
we sometimes
mind professedly
see a
but
and
speculative habits.
its
On
nations.
it
it
is
can bury
lie
am aware
that
Atheistic, rising to
in a country filled
has derived
its
stimulus
civilization passing,
For ex-
notions of
God
down
Amon,
no exaltation which
She
falls
and
rises
The advancing
by the
of romance.
till,
at length,
subtilities of scholasticism
Mary the
Edward
Sixth.
It descends again
under
illustri-
219
James
II,
and
rises
Prince of Orange.
To show that this connection between a correct knowledge of God and the advancing intelligence of a people
is
latter,
let
it
not a consequence
is
be noted,
1.
That the
theology.
its
speeds
glorious elevation,
Another
gloomy one.
it
its
it
be seen;
mind becomes
a cold, grand,
to
its
its
Under
way to a
its
national
worships
first
mind becomes
like
it
it
and made
it
dark."
"God
Other tribes
God
made one
soon put
afar
ing
have
oiF,
all
past.
a better civilization.
verted the idea of the Almighty; but she did not put
God
away.
Her Olympus was animated, and
and
enlightened,
though attempered with weakwarmed,
so
far
her mythology
ratic.
free, active,
It ascends gradually.
to
The
the Caucasus to the north and west, pervert their conception of the
divini-
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
220
ties,
and
own
tlieir
intellect
hearts cruel.
2.
mark the
The Persian
mind reaches
its
and philosopher
zenith in Cyrus
the
warrior, statesman,
a pure theist.
tes
the
mind of Greece
rises
till
to
expand
as
who
The Eoman
Cicero, who had
culminates in Plato,
it
mind attained
highest elevation in
its
communicated
reached
its
"0
that
my
that
Words
!"
God
as Job's,
The Jewish
intellect
culminated with
God
as a
moon, and
stars
own
every-where and at
all
times,
is
lost
in God.
"0
Lord,
Thou knowest
Thou understand-
my
ost
my
my
thought afar
off.
art
all
my
ways.
is
thou knowest
Spirit
not a word in
it
altogether.
my
tongue, but
Whither
221
lo,
Lord,
shall I go
from thy
thou
in hell, behold,
art
there.
if I
If I
make my bed
even there shall thy hand lead me, and thy right hand
shall hold
me."
In
whom
mind
culmi-
nate?
much
all
as
God as for
them rose upon
the world
like
soul, if soul
supernal
Each one of
being.
Out of each
one's
Which
mind
is
the greatest,
fixes
upon Milton.
it
may be
difficult
to say.
human
My
in compre-
heart,
and
It
is
work
'^not to be raised
who can
enrich with
all
fire
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
222
the lips of
whom
Who
he pleases."
iDg invocation?
'
But thou,
Before
all
Spirit,
It
"made
Spirit, ever
Thus he had
''to imbreed and cherto
ish in a great people the seeds of virtue and civility; to
allay the perturbations of the mind and set the affections
great
that
soul,
it
pregnant."
and
hymns,
lofty
to be
suffers
Hence
is
it
poem
is
It
is
vah that
it is
it
attains its
not the
mind
highest elevation.
might be expected.
awfully sublime
of Jeho-
No
attribute
And
of
this is
God
that
it
what
is
not
resembles
hight,
When
God.
Go
we have
right
apprehension
of the
Almighty,
the
We
and he ascends
till
full voice
of praise:
; ;
unknown
first
Flame
God
Where
Since
223
to song;
'tis
naught
me,
to
is
What
ity to his
Hymn
Chamouny
as he advances,
he
till
cries,
And
tell
tell
map
If we lay the
hibit the
same
result as history.
There
Where
it
is
And where
ship.
stones
are
the
Fetichism.
objects of wor-
In Africa, that
mind
is
history,
and
where
no
letters,
culture, nor
will ex-
weapons, and
vessels,
is
God
it
we
it
swal-
the westthe
human
find here
no
any arms or
arts,
We
shudder as we
the
serpents
of the
wilderness.
We
scarce
know
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
224
We
image.
among some
find
in
in the Divine
Australia
and
ness.
This
tions of him.
morbid
is
false concep-
We
the conception of
God
and we mark,
nations,
human mind
of the
variously modified in
as
we
see
its different
Lowest
acknowledge a
afar
off,
overthrow his
altars,
As might be
expected, they
him
nothing but the name, while they give their chief adoration
to
which Juggernaut
So
state?
little
tion given of
would answer
is
What
one.
is
their intellectual
in
True,
of India
like a
and
is
of high antiquity;
doomed
tares
soil,
instead
of wheat.
While
it
recognizes an eternal
First
Cause,
it
repre-
alterations in
may make
they
that
spirits^
to send
the universe.
down some
per-
necessary
certain
milder
Its
225
purer
rites, its
thoughts,
its
The
better
it
man-
it is
still
rational Theism,
who
Deity
is
the sense of
human
mortality of the
as, to
and thus,
accountability
soul
is,
regulates
Hence, gloom
Moreover,
the
a certain extent,
to the
is
same extent,
The im-
lost.
for
One
mere
stifled.
in their ideas of
also
God and
their mental
character and
of India
the
remains of the
fire
worshipers
we
come
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS,
226
to
Nanekisin
ininism
a mixture
professed
of
Mohammedism
with Brah-
an activity, energy, intrepidity, such as might be expected from the brighter beams of the godhead, which
the infusion of
the
Mohammedism
over
secures.
the
Crossing now
table-land stretching
hammedism,
founder, or
its
falsehood, embraced
It
was a
with
fiction,
infused into
men
feeling before
tion
and
this
region, whether
idolatry,
we
Looking over
the gradation of
we observe a sprightliness, an activity, an anxiety, a freedom that indicates a greater sense of the dignity and
responsibility
of
man.
Proceeding
into
Europe,
the
227
it
is in
of civilization
light
advance,
till
brightness
In the south
apprehended.
is
him through
The mind
priests.
is
it is
slopes
and
and refresh-
nuns,
What
the
and
tellect
and hermits,
friars
brutality
bull-fights.
now
is
all
power in Europe.
Let us now turn
to
England, where
by
his
Protestant
where he
faith
queen of the
is
is
taught to
emboldened
to
enter
into
the
land emphat-
treatises.
England
the Almighty
and Bridgewater
ically of Bibles
sits,
Bible-handling
there she
God
man
seas,
her crown from every shore, and floating her flag around
There
the world in the beams of a ceaseless morning.
is
fertilizes
the earth
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
228
like
all
nations
forges; like Neptune, she rules the seas; like Apollo, she
leads
muses;
the
like
is
is
concerned in the
of
affairs
like
mankind.
all
what
is
Neptune
Minerva to the
Mercury to the tele-
to the steam-ship,
Hercules to gunpowder, or
press,
graph?
What England
North America
is,
which
the
exhibits
same superiority
and
Let
Italy.
owing
to race.
it
to the sight
of the one living and true God, and his soul kindles with
celestial fire; his
mind pants
a stranger.
is
So
let
the
account for
the difference;
Patagonia
to
for
every clime,
in
from
oppressive
and
and Huguenots, under the most cruel and
despotism,
no
it;
less
than
the
pilgrims
on
account for
it.
Go from
Protestant Ulster to
you pass
as
from
may be
all tliis it
replied that
mind
229
in Protestant
made
to act
of
conceptions.
its
tokens of
on matter
progress
its
matter
As God
is
to receive the
come more
egraphs,
mind in the
The air,
expresses his
all
Mind was
man.
useful
temples,
and beautiful.
monuments, are
gardens,
embodiments of the
soul's
Steam-engines,
but
Has the
reflections.
or the
increase
creative genius?
more beneficent
of
human
it
its
prog-
men,
as well as
dignity as well as of
human dominion ?
nation's idea of
God
de-
and that
character.
When
it
the
tel-
it is
turns
heaven.
apprehended
men
Be
in all its
it
holds angels in
with multiplicity of
The same
Simplic-
effects is the
principle that
its orbit
lowliest flower.
The same
as uninteresting.
Not
so
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
230
so, I
my
do
trust,
would Yerulam;
readers.
them the
so
privilege of dwelling
of
the
feeling
He who
created
all
all
God?
write of
What would
is
It
would point
an angel think
theme
to it as a
doomed book.
he were invited
if
He
would
to earth,
you that
tell
the theme
the fountain
all
and glory
of praise, that
like
is
his
eternal
its
many
the voice of
fills
Niagara
waters and
you he would
Reader, if
my
does
it
quicken
^^
may
easily
know
Ask, does
it
it
string nerves
a deeper
intellect,
does
it
will,
each night, a
new Ebenezer?
Atheism
is
stagnation.
this forth in
such a way as
to science before;
it
now
in
our
boasts of
of
True,
that
to
show that
it
own days
it
it
trumpets
never pretended
it is
as in-
There
and
is
poetically,
there
is as
much
of a
God
throne of heaven.
If
God
God
at all/'
that
God
mere
There
another form of
What
ideas.
merchant
As
it
any
is
which teaches
death to thought,
Under
its
influence
to
how
his bargain.
fulfills
may
is
human
of
of such a view?
is
process,
lution
effect
is
is
the
is
is
231
French
Never could he
raise to
as did
sun cease
to
cry out,
"Let the
Chrysostom be
''
What
He
atom.
is
legs,
legs,
and the
bird
is
but a
fish
with his
fius
the
fish
inflated atom.
Adam
of the
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
232
strengthen
it
says^
out emotion.
will, call
enough
this long
to
develop yourself,
know
intellect,
solicit
evil
etc.
Seeing that we must have a correct idea of the Almighty, how important
him
is
alone
we
holy,
see
King
accessible.
Divine unity;
pendence both of
before
all
universe
fate
God from
representation
and of nature.
Glows
It exhibits
And
as
so pres-
us,
in each,
beam, refreshes in
eacli breeze,
all
extent,
God
God
Lives through
is
It
it.
is
and angels.
"He warms
all,
of
yet he
perversion
it
things, as existing
blessed forever.
life,
but in
It presents
him
all,
and over
in the
most
and
it
and fellowship
with
him.
May
you,
filled to
reader,
member
Bacon:
always
overflowing with
"I would
Re-
rather
238
believe all the fables in the Legend, and the Talmud, and
May
is
with-
all
your sorrows; a
paintings;
for
Hebrew
who has
commend them
ever
prophets, or the
do I
to
but
chiefly
20
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
234
0nil
ALL
inti0n
common
vided with
that
schools;
common
schools
means develop-
in
their care for the mind, lost sight of the body, forgetful that,
instruments,
its
bodily organs.
spirit
may be
to its earthly
Now, however,
it is
it
is
applied.
and hygiene,
tions
in
in order that
room; in regulating its supplies of heat, light, and atmosphere; in adjusting the tasks and punishments of
his pupils, and in superintending their diet and exercises
tions,
to illustrate,
respiration,
application.
For
etc.,
want
of
and
to
such
show
their practical
qualifications
in
the
and painful
associations.
cation consisted in so
Once
many
it
MORAL EDUCATION.
many
Now
we teach the
235
generally ad-
is
it
mind that
these, after
all,
history,
are
bear in
to
educator
teach the
to
is
end;
child to think.
consecutive thought,
clear,
we
him
let
go.
ThinkingJ not knowing, makes the great distinction between the mind of the philosopher and that of the fool;
the measure of mental excellence,
is
the instrument
high
of
achievement.
hell,
this
'Tis
that
God
its
conquerors, to which
all
and laughs at
burning path.
^Tis this,
the do-
It
S minion of the world, as by a covenant of
^ trite observation that studies should be so arranged
salt.
all
anced.
In
cases
of
is
But
ordinarily
bal-
necessary to
is
that
it
is
very
can
safely
trust
to
social
intercourse
and
the daily
We
the
are too
mind
much
as separate
it.
and independent,
like
oxygen and
of convenience.
soul, in
performing
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
236
memory,
association,
may strengthen
there-
let us,
all;
fore,
In strengthening
etc.?
may
it
appear.
Next to the education of the mind comes the development and training of the taste, and the sensibilities,
both natural and moral. All are agreed up to this last
When we come
point.
the spiritual;
all
to
may
a class
Of
remark
is
this plan I
and
to
mainder of
this paper.
is
not
practicable
is
evident,
first,
free,
independent thought.
it
well
heaven
figure
hold
to earth, or
the
lightning as
from earth
it
to heaven.
leaps from
From every
flag
you
Second, from
the
connection
MORAL EDUCATION.
This
voluntary.
so intimate that
is
237
The
sions,
^'
is
once remarked
glancing
at
that
a stew-pan
it is
it is
cel-
of his
train
certain
it
his
expres-
theorists
but in
my
it is
mind
it is
So of the human
human
it
organs of the body, yet you can not seriously affect one
An
dismay
the vitals.
to
may
may you
perverse
how
is
it,
carry
Why,
Well, you
soon
interro-
mindful of
my
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
238
but the heart has been pumping up lately such a corrupted stream of blood that^ with all my extra exertions,
I am not able to manufacture out of it any thing better
the nerves."
is
to
stuff that I
now
to
the heart.
pump up as good a
I am sure; for
better,
were
blood as I receive; I
wish
it
it
is
painful to work
in such a fluid,
and
if
some change
the lungs
me
al-
an
good
furnish as
blood as
you
what
see
will
whole system
as I can,
article
is
with
me
AVell,
and the
you.
to the stomach,
the matter."
in disorder,
is
Go
get.
considering the
'^
and
Stomach, the
fault is traced to
materials I have,
and,
mixed
often
a strange poison
sometimes turns
me
upside down."
of
will serve as
the
moral
ence
spiritual
an
Thus, a
if
The
intellectual,
bodily firm.
different organs
sensitive,
and
and healthy
stance,
little defal-
illustration.
system
is
is
and
intellect
to
some ex-
and conscience
will
wake up
for in-
touch
MORAL EDUCATION.
239
and
tellect,
its
passion
How
often
by
man
does
In proportion as
and
believed
it is
intellect beat
more
improve
So, too,
intellect,
rule,
conscience.
ened
intellect
mutual
quickened
among
dependence
quick-
rather, per-
also
as a general
verted conscience
more than
the
and
it
different
may
There
is
powers.
act perversely,
it
in-
truth
is
it
has
moral,
but the state of the heart materially affects the intellect in its efforts to acquire it
through which
it is
constitutes a
it
medium
seen.
so if
Why
is
why
is it
wrong
proof;
silence
or the sluggard
relation to truth
may even
what
it
clear vision on
moral mountains.
The
intellect,
more-
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
240
is
it
be miserable
own
oflfenders.
take his
hence the
to conscience
may make
life,
man may
we
and yet
and in
all
this
think that he
is
doing
The
the
intellect
perceiving
are chiefly
owing
to
The
divisions,
etc., in
Christen-
power.
strife,
dom
the
feelings of obligation
a want
of intellectual training
From
it
this
follows that
you can not educate one part of our nature without influencing others.
But, thirdly, from the connection between truths, the
human
or angelic mind.
the end
series,
falls
ticle
of
it
sustains the
same
or will sustain, at
relation,
if
truths
family,
The
to
every
member
shall
trace
is
of which
them?
member
it
So
with
of a great
stands
related.
MORAL EDUCATION.
Who
241
where
shall
it
How
remark.
You
can not
dodge the questions of the immateriality and the immortality of the soul, the freedom of the will, the immutamoral distinctions; and to discuss them would
be to mine in the depths of theology.
You may be willbility of
Do you
ophy
or a
is
it
must be either
warm
misnomer
latter,
to
style
form of
human mind
Do you
a
if
dry genealogy
the former,
to
it
the depths of
teach rhetoric
only you
it
keep your
if
in the
genesis of the
Nothing,
topic does
How
it
what
embrace
how
to
treat of
According
as
to
receive or re-
may
to
Do you
is
inevitable,
incline the
pupil either,
may
may
to give
men.
him a
Though
easily teach it so as
his authors
You
You may
so select
Bacon
or the school-
may be
may
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
242
them
how
History
aside.
you teach
will
is
history.
You must
fit
for
Well, lay
it?
religious
common mind.
certainly
Man
in
is
God
history,
and
fall
in
is
of relig-
light ages; of
his-
own
country, which
Even
all
vexatious questions
little profit
if
He who
them
to causes,
from
eiFects to agents,
tives,
Do
principles.
to
to
so,
moand
and
future operations
its
examples
rise
Who
final
triumph of virtue.
ler's
But
let
by side
up and refuse
to
'Mown"
where
the
concrete?
at our bidding.
able to
relig-
Direct
you see
dis-
where
is
MORAL EDUCATION.
whom
the Being to
strations of
so
God
243
they belong?
from them
halt in
mer
to
mad."
is
man
Who may
has pronounced a
as proof of insanity.
it
may ascend
from
as,
"When
then,
is
One
chemistiy.
tion affords.
as
full
of
it is
its
at
first
Here,
inaensihle.
truths
is
the law
omy
a law
to specify infer-
of definite proportions
the clearest
or from
distances to attraction
sensible
!"
all
is
anat-
hymn
God; and a
John Bell, has written a treatise
to prove, from the human hand alone, the being and natAnd what shall we say
ural attributes of the Almighty.
every joint a stanza in a
modern anatomist.
of geology
of praise to
Sir
new
of creative power,
illustrations
of Divine goodness,
from time
to
arrangement; and which, teaching that the material universe had a beginning, that
agents in efi"ecting
was progressive,
its
that
fire
man was
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
244
into the world, lias important connections with both natural reliiiion
Indeed,
and revealed.
God
^'Bridgewater treatises."
find
who
all
above
they
are
and
in
What
all.
shall
all,
prevent the
points
it
all
ference of science.
ward, or trace
is
all
whither shall I
flee
Who
by which
to
shut out
Him
in
whom
read
what
shall
we write
what example
shall
we spread
It
among which,"
Ah
etc.
fire
were easy
:
such
men have
to write copies
as, ''All
all
are
inalienable rights,
ready undermining
men
It is al-
Dr.
Chan-
might work
through
it
like leaven
in the
in
So examples
in
arithmetic and algebra might be so framed, either by accident or design, as to lead to the solution of the sublimest moral problems.
MORAL EDUCATION.
245
Fourthly.
teacher
When
his
influences
What
pupils.
he teaches arithmetic^ he
the
is
teacher?
is
when he teaches penmanship, he is not a mere handwriting on the wall; when he teaches reading, he is not a
mere alphabet moved by a learned pig; he is a man, a
whole man, and nothing but a man
hire
him
You can
disservice.
still.
to
you
will give
seem
he
moral service or
of
Many men
selfish south-
and
bless him,
his wife,
and
his son,
Men
man
can
employ
him
know
When
man
they
to
and
senator you
wife,
know
ears at
elect a
master we seem
phers,
who
to
its
it
is
asleep the
other
may be
a moral nature,
and
man
is
still
man.
You may
chain him
to
The most
op-
hitch a slave to
still
it
may be
fearfully
and
forever.
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
246
Vol-
He
philosophists.
its
all
argument;
for
wisely
rea-
son, all can laugh; while logic is soon forgotten, wit can
be
is
object.
its
may
and though
retained,
ridicule
his
is
2^
practical
resort to sophistry; he
let
the
all faiths,
or he
may
mind go forward
in
osities
He may
as
it
among
may
system
is
supposed
to
whose inconclusiveness
leads to a true
it
construct
shall be apparent,
may
mind
to it
fallacy of its
Every
conclusion.
used in
be
curi-
and trust
fallacies
ones
similar
and he need
leave the
to
young
proceed
to a
up
Men may
it
may wrap
They may
reason
when
reasoners
is
all
Socrateshabitually.
Indirect
in-
MORAL EDUCATION.
indirect; the
An
explosion
the train
is
is
it
it^
none the
concealed.
it
Men
do wrong
errors as
247
to
to itself.
because
sneer at
little
little
unarmed
armed enemies
Hints from a man who dare not
witliin the citadel.
There is a doctrine
speak out may not be powerless.
boy
may
slip a bolt at
midnight and
let
cially if it
its
But
let
us suppose
reduce the
what
human tongue
is
in
impossible
play around
it
cloud.
still
The pointing of
finger,
spirit.
image upon
himself
example more
of instruction,
eff'ective
cancel.
Who
has not heard of the fable of the frog that exhorted his
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
248
The
influence of a master,
always be great.
will
with
something of the same feeling as the pupils of Pythagoare taught to take his statements in
They
ras did.
them.
What
them
some
shall prevent
burnt, as
hope that he
fire,
The contagion of
be vicious.
will not
ex-
how then
will
constantly, widely.
save
shall
them.
brains; and
little as
you think of
it,
going through the most complicated processes of reasoning without knowing any thing of
logic.
They read
countenances, they trace thoughts, they scent inconsistencies as the war-horse snufi"s the battle from afar.
one
scrutinized by
may
another we
beset,
so
so
What
say to the
surrounded, so
There
shall be eyes
to
evil,
thy
lies
immortal souls or
magazines.
No
we may add,
fire
district
trains
but there
bad example.
What though
is
thou art
if
is
Equally operative
the good
man be
is
good
example.
MORAL EDUCATION.
less, still
he
As
a good man.
is
249
its
fragrance, and
may
sit
its
forms of
good man,
at the feet of a
He
is
shall spread,
soul.
a tree planted
as the olive-tree,
and his
they
shall
And who
does
not
know
petuate by stamping
Minerva that
it
so deeply in
it
with-
it
scheme we
We
may show
are
is
the impracticability of
uttered.
as a general rule
know
that as in the
But
and
soil,
latter con-
is
the
is
afi'ect
sown.
In
ments.
who have
just quit-
ted the sultry valleys of the base are shivering with the
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
250
chill
Pagan
a just conception of
word, an allusion, a
make one
Shanghai, and to
God would be
definition,
new
whom
revelation.
like ice.
The
minds;
immense
influence on
it,
which a truth shall have. Mr. Hartley, Sir James Macintosh, and others have applied it to explain the origin
of
It
property of our
that
is
it
has, in
and
place, cause
efi"ect,
its
mind;
possesses and
its
me
associating
habits,
the
as
affinities
of
dropped.
it is
influence,
its
the mind
Tell
relations of time,
Every
As
my
care,
and you
tell
me
non-
from bearing
my
They who
Though the
ground, and the street, and the market, and the tavern,
will.
Though
MORAL EDUCATION.
251
stealing,
license.
preacli
without any
is
into the
Men
fully grown.
often
age at which
it
The
early
of wickedness
all
virtue,
familiar to
human
history are
all,
details of
let
him
to the
education of a child's
reflect
It
the
is
ones;
it
next
is
this
to that of
its
conflict
probation of conscience
idea
is
diffi-
the greatest of
may be
may be
all,
misapplied, but
still
that
re-
ward that heaven can bestow. The moral nature is necessary in order that we may understand the character of
God
However undeveloped
intellectual
be,
it
combinations.
has in
So
The
it
the elements of
all
if
It alone enables
is
a nobler
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
252
What
being than the ancient archangel that has lost it.
obtain
all
mysteries
and
penetrate
though that archangel
knowledge; what though he take up the isles in his
intellectual scales and the hills in his mental balances;
all
what though he measure the heavens with his astronomical rod, and weigh the planets with his mathematical
steelyards; what though he combine all beauteous forms,
and utter
all
would be
brute.
no angel, no
He would
man
only
need a chain
to
him he
an awful reasoning
bind him; and the
how
else
than by chain or
fear, if
We
we could not love him any more than we could the steamengine.
To him blasphemy, perjury, murder would be as
Though he might
worship, and song, and beneficence.
remove mountains, he could not be "just;" though he
might
himself,
sacrifice
lust,
he could not
feel
shame;
Dr.
Haslem a
from a colleague
G. in early
life
fell
These
have received
third.
I
case,
filled
Almost
total
as soon as he could
He
MORAL EDUCATION.
253
as soon as from
against
detection.
school.
He
He
was
utterly
guard
to
unmanageable
at
hension, a good
a ready
amusement he
When
dwelt.
For
he took a dislike
to
buried alive
each
in
case
well,
with
its
child strangely
As he grew
life.
till,
the ground,
in
the
in
For
death.
it
he was sent
this
Charlestown, Mass.
cipline,
He had
Here he refused
pounded
submit
to
to
As
rise
it
prison
state
to
at
dis-
to
subdue him.
tasks
water to
the
assigned him.
tern,
to
to
life
to rise,
it
and
He
He had now become an incarNot only women and children fled from his
presence, but men.
Many breathed easier when he
ceased to breathe.
I do not know that I ever saw any
thing in him which indicated a moral susceptibility, nor
was
at length pardoned.
nate fiend.
t(?
He
was insensi-
follow
him
to the
grave?
Would you
not rather
artificial
ones are
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
254
not
tivation,
cul-
How
painful would
fail,
and then
extinguished, leaving
were
be
to see
still
it
him an
see
slowly
to
memory
But
if only there
to
higher
life.
is
gone.
laws,''
say,
moral obligation
life.
steal,
if
Of
us of the rule of
tell
who
suicide himself? or
"I
will
avenge
all
injuries according as I
am provoked
who thinks no lie should be used in conShall T go to the Mohammedan, who tells me to
by any," and
tracts?
to the wife;
MORAL EDUCATION.
255
les
"No, no,"
law of love to
schools
how
to
We can find
we make the
say that
dogma.
is
it
It will not
difficulty
But
civil
do
we get the
Shall
But then
till
shall
shall
it
is
the mo-
Indeed, the
action.
The
intellect
may apprehend
no God?
Shall
the world,
or,
we
is
say,
none?
is
less
contradictory?
say,
with
Or
is
God
not concerned
Shall
we suppose,
shall
we
find
our motives in
is
overrules
see
is
we
Shall
may
it
is
man
is
is
responsi-
all
He
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
256
Constitution.
however, set
The amendment
up as a monument
to wliicli lie
refers was,
Had
it
been proposed in the convention which framed the Constitution to repudiate the Christian religion, or to express
indifference to
all
common
have been
certain
The
promptly rejected?
infidel
him
to
But
existence.
not essential to
Without
to society?
is
it,
find a sufficient
We
surely, there
is
no reason
to
If
we
are to
to
And,
all
expe-
is
instruction.
But
selection of teachers.
The
schools.
difficulties
The
'
to
and
common
religion.
amy, in disregard of the Atheist, the Pagan, the perfectionist, and the Mormon, who respectively may feel conscientiously
bound
to
The
MORAL EDUCATION.
257
In her
Christ.
to
You may
ordain Atheism.
Atheism
its
religious
and moral
You might
ideas.
as
taries.
much
Well, as
we may
to
which
May we
If
so,
we have
religion as
would like
to
in the
There
devote attention
is
government
one question
if I
had
space.
although we
ernment,
it
comes too
may
late
may admit
that
it is
necessary to gov-
Preaching
ure formed; and if any one would trust parental instruction, let
The school-house
acter,
is
or bitter waters
It
irreligious
and Cataline
22
is
through
must be
men.
Let
all
in the
it
fall
Rome.
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
258
THAT
ourselves to
two inquiries
How
shall
we read
and
why?
might lead us
casions
to
laborious thought.
in this
oc-
way
enough
name
for the
let
toys
well
ought always
to
ance, take
it
If you find
be an exercise of thought.
If
till
it is
lest
you form
of great import-
Many
form
to a
they were
it
produces
paper.
If
it
MISCELLANEOUS READING.
To read with scrutiny implies
attention
259
an
active,
fixed,
di-
We
it
is
them,
familiar to them.
stinct,
If they do,
not.
it
only by sup-
is
In matters
it
we
we
are right.
exchanged
Many
it.
for others.
And
clas-
study;
sical
ifies
it
You
their uses.
it
habituates us to scan
we
be capable of defining
We
them.
words.
we read on
we
of which
all,
How
than
less
as to con-
oracles.
If we understand,
carelessly!
author's
wills,
us,
!
How
replications
all
the
is
our
own
or the
read deeds
make
They
it
difi"erently do lawyers
difference
or the
between
decis-
tense of a verb
defeat
and
and
may
victory.
when he
first
read
it
he thought
it
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
260
perfect;
miserably poor.
going
read
to
it
to
them
cially;
because
if
you
Most authors
gives
''You
a second.
it is useless
reason, because
it
fathom them;
to
to
difficult
is
if of irreligious
do so;
fall in
addressed to the
if
human
if
How many
sub-
we do not make
Hence,
passage.
equivalent, before a
would be well
it
our-
have
for us to
always upon the table an English dictionary, and a Biographical, a Geographical, and a Scientific one, that we
may understand
the author.
whenever necessary,
i'th
cart-load
to
read
superficially;
it
exercises
is
our
and
revives, deepens,
acquired.
to his design.
till
we
it
is
its
purpose; yet
designed to impress
that we
it is
the
argument,
purpose?
deduction,
it
and
figure
is
intro-
may be
relatively
MISCELLANEOUS READING.
261
Nor should we
of the wall.
out
Thus
the
to
fail
when he penned
state
of Shakspeare
spirit
is
consider the
his feelino's,
his produc-
genial;
of
of
spirit
author,
fix
the compre-
and
feelings as
woman
in
consequence of
and
is,
its
aifferent as
There
scarlet.
its
commentaries.
of which
the sun,
Adam
it
I refer
Clarke's
has spots.
is
now
to
Lowth has
for Isaiah
for other
and
I wish
we had
Home
The
which had
better
men
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
262
and a work on
Moreover,
not fail to find the meaning of holy oracles.
they will study with a mind more awakened, more independent, more cautious, more
tial,
critical,
To
compare, combine,
till
We
by
which the statements and reasonings might be corroborated, the relation which the facts bear to our previous
knowledge, and the various uses to which the information
imparted
may be
applied;
or,
fallen,
to useful purposes.
reflection is like
all
over their
gave to their
soil
an unsuspected productiveness.
Men
the
re-
MISCELLANEOUS READING.
ceive
life,
the morning
ing
Such minds
all
it
are like
Their philosophy
it
human
grass; in
is
in the even-
cut
is
263
teachers,
woe
led through a
tients, for
maze;
There
is
thinking; and
an
there
have but
be
of every thing.
little
Hap-
little force.
want of
a great
the multitude in
to
if
they are
among mankind;
reflection
all
the
have
exception,
been
occupied
with
the
few sov-
fect
than
ence of
theirs.
the
autocrats
philosophy,
who,
as
God's
them
as wild
notwithstanding unnumbered
mortal
men have
lived
millions
upon the
of
earth,
thus,
they
Europe
sways.
or
disappear.
those
Plato,
all
who
Hence,
separate
im-
the thoughts
may be ranked
Aristotle,
Confucius,
Aristotle,
for
example,
swayed
shall
stand
above the
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
264
first
among the
thought;
princes of
but,
one.
cessor;
it
unreflective
as
is
discourages reflection.
politics,
you know
prede-
its
facilities
man's
is
is
its
very
books
its
idea of a
But
him veering
as
What
masters do.
as
Men
As
not think;
will
done
by ma-
to
the summits
ties his
devotions
to count a
valid prayer, so
to
the
Hence,
tility;
amid advancement
wealth,
it is
in
arts,
MISCELLANEOUS READING.
Tial
having more
labor;
more
leisure,
265
more
facilities,
it
it
is
It trembles
fountains,
as
the
like
if,
of
rivers
to original
fears to
it
makes
move onward
We
ation.
act upon
minds are as
fusedly mixed
a storehouse,
where
all
Their
libraries,
it
it,
who consider
elicit
lighf^
who
ments
made
till
forth
itself,
they perceive
to disclose
another.
They
who
new
as
ponder principles
who
first
soil,
till
examine argu-
may be
they received
itself;
dies,
it,
but,
and give
though
like
and
is
quickened,
find in
further knowl-
knowledge not
two there
tal-
be disinterred when
to
23
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
amazing wliat power of appropriation
man may
acquire.
Kossuth may make a speech every day from the convermen, who little suspect that the knowledge
sations of
is
it
is
he returns
as ore,
as currency.
it
to
Generally
that
ass !"
''
cries, ^'I
fire.
hastily
cost twenty
toil;
Although we may
tithe
all.
cummin, we
of a rich one.
as
Bacon,
'^
some few
are
to
to
"
Some books,"
be tasted, others
to
says
Lord
be swallowed, and
Of
I speak.
The habit of attentive, reflective, appropriative reading may not be easily acquired, nor is any other good
habit; but we may say of it what Aristotle says of learning,
When
once
it
is
acquired, It
may
readily be strength-
ened, and
acquire
it,
is
to use the
pen
not to
an
exercise
style;
much more
;
this will
MISCELLANEOUS READING.
But read with an eye
to read,
but read to
human
to
live.
We
life.
Action
267
the highest
is
mode of
being
"In the deed the unequivocal, authentic deed
We
ftnd
The purpose of
may
sound argument."
training a child
The
life.
spend
life
much
that he'
Mere study is a
and however diligent we may be,
not so
is
<jo.
of
nature and
who should
illustration
fit
to
be trusted.
knowledge, like the hoarded manna of the desert, puand epicurism in mind, as in body, has its acids
trefies
;
and constipations. All wisdom and wit that does not promote man's haT3piness or
Hence, while men have ranked
God's glory is vanity.
and
upon the
earth.
On
when she
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
268
common than
to find a
to Cressy;
man
and what
is
more
great fool
of reading
The
lighter uses
to tranquilize
sorrows, to moderate our anxieties, to beguile our journeys, to give interest to our idle hours, to refine the
man-
we
which
employed
mean
to
In condemning them
romances.
as
denouncing
^sop, the
let
is
usually
novels and
us not be understood
the fables of
productions;
all fictitious
pass with
and the
much
fictions
illustrations
and rules
afi"ord
at
and
off'end
mind by
gaudy
Novels
use.
so
characters,
realities
of
life.
for
Many
of
chemistry, they turn the diamond of virtue into the charcoal of vice.
Often, however,
it
and
is
an
That by inflaming
MISCELLANEOUS READING.
269
may be
some minds,
useful to
but since
mitted;
effected
the
to
while
emasculate
while
they excite?
Let us come
and energizing
to
to inform,
and
The
observation.
pose that
It
all
they wasted
life in
agitating their
own
in the soul
intellects, as if
to sup-
hence,
things by
without
premises;
much
nothing, however
it
that
may be
agitated.
remembering, analyzing, and generalizing, the philosopher may have great advantages over the savage; but for
the facts the one
cated young
and
life,
is
man
as
An
edu-
it,
structure.
History,
is
but fundamental
before him.
Of
the
civil,
first
ecclesiastical,
and
natural, are
general
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
270
and
fall;
Chemistry, geology,
pillars
known
world.
tian
sympathy
human
ples.
into
all
regions,
among
But what
give no
list
shall
all
peo-
a well-conceived
Be
the
size
of the
catalogue.
may
What
not alarmed at
all
histories to
be
field
of later history
Boman
to
etc.
connect their
may
pass
rapidly,
fur-
Polyb-
to illustrate
We
Hume, Bobertson,
Bussel,
we need
etc.,
For
MISCELLANEOUS READING.
densing
271
its
miscellany
often
is
deceitful,
tious,
weak and
superficial;
fretting
cliiefly is
to
it
lights
earth,
to
There
of elevating it;
its
produce;
though
are,
it
intelligence
its
it is
indispensable:
it
circles the
appearance only;
it
runs
noble
too,
its
mere moths,
criticisms
fro,
great extent,
Nevertheless,
he valued.
though
and
not
to
is,
exceptions
to
among
editors
men
as style.
The
You have
pondered.
tance; to
mark
fusion of
its
is
human
history of
its
its
moss-grown ruins,
book
is
Although no
It is thus
we grow
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
272
It
it
concerning
You must
it.
receive
it
to
some-
thing.
You will seek rest in something infallible. "I
am come in my Father's name, and ye receive me not; if
is
as
much
diflference
will
receive."
men,
discovered,
as
and
dark,
agitated,
And
navigator.
tical
men
here
to the
me
its
You have
factory proof
and argumentation,
to
What more
infidels.
needed?
is
and arguments of
The contradictory of
indirectly,
labors.
It
undertook
is
to
infidel
firmly,
and
ever.
If the allies
intelligently,
barding Sevastopol without intermission, with the progressive improvements in the art of war, for two thou-
now
ten
is
impregnable.
If infidelity finds
after
it
has
the
been
Bible
ars-uino-
MISCELLAx^EOUS READING.
against
after
it
hundred
for eighteen
it
has argued in
most approved
its
what
years,
273
will it find
We
may
argument
take
it
them
the
reliable
it
household word.
ers
had one
to zero
in
parallel
columns,
An-
by cancellation.
agency of
devils;
is
some
efi'ect
if
if
it;
more
which
will distress
it,
they
you the
overthrow your
faith,
to universal
cerning the future, and the wild play of the passions repressed only by very imperfect restraints.
Another object of reading is to keep the mind balThere are three great causes of mental maladanced.
justment the hand of nature, the lapse of time, and the
The college course has been wisely arpursuits of men.
ranged to develop and train all the faculties; and
although it does not correct all irregularities and make all
minds symmetrical,
it
undergo alterations
On
life
we
are
ab-
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
274
As
changes.
and
fleet,
becomes
and
practical,
We
manners.
Hence,
our powers.
movement
imagination begin to
if
for all
fail,
its
read
till its
trifles
titude of objects
is
losing
its
concentrativeness,
moral ladder,
round
to
will
round;
tent with
the whirlpool of
if in
swimming
as
life
of philosophy; and
if in
to
ratiocination,
and prone
to take
ad captandum, go
There
are,
to the
however,
many works
equally strengthening
to
such as
it is
said
to
made
commenced that
movement of mind which often
unto Mount Sinai; Wesley's Ser-
with lightning
till
he reaches
MISCELLANEOUS READING.
the reservoir of
first
ysis,
man
all
to
into
to this direction,
should concentrate
Bubtility;
275
his powers
let
all
his
wisdom run
to
look suspiciously
if he
on one who ventures beyond his ordinary range, as
True, in order to
were doing injustice to his patrons.
we
shine we must converge our light; equally true, that
within it
so easily survey a plain by walking continually
nor
it;
as by ascending some eminence that overlooks
could we form a just idea of the magnitude of a mountI believe
ain without descending to the lower peaks.
in the
communion
communion
of saints.
bodies to
It
poetry are
unknown
horse-thieves
lands, and who think of law as good only for
and physic for cutting off legs. Did the peculiar genius
introof the French cease to shine after they had been
be
gentlemen
would
duced to Bacon and Newton, and
less fitted to
another?
his profession
Name
who
is
man
it
may
and study.
tion to
How
minute points?
Be
not a
"Know-Nothing"
in
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
276
and remember
Eut what
not
pursuit
all
be made
You have
He
of yourselves.
not visit
may
tributary
itj
to-
your reading
if
your profession
to
a higher mission
is
dwell
the
or
cultivation
cakes upon
its coals.
to
is
form the
but
it
is
Works
style.
As by
we
ac-
we
'^It is
im-
it,
or to remain long
among
We
shall
relish
we may more
perfectly
we
More-
from excellences
that
we
writer,
ears
to
a model.
We
variety of master-pieces
in
we
that by ana-
if
a general
fore learning
rule,
be,
he bore our
lest
Happily there
composition.
Suffer
me
is
great
It is not
to
remark
our
that,
became widely diffused, addressed themminds rather than the populace, such
selves to educated
MISCELLANEOUS READING.
as Addison, Swift, Goldsmith, Pope,
277
is
We
Prescott, Irving.
whose
Channing,
each
for
character.
some are
If we
an extreme, we must check
the flowing;
by familiarity with
you are
ponder Paley;
too figurative,
Johnson
if
wanting
in
energy,
read
Carlyle
mind
us bear in
We
that style
is
If
turn to
if too terse,
if
After
in
all, let
of secondary consideration.
I should fear to
fascinations of either
Walter Scott
feel,
sake
of
or
Dr.
Channing.
a heart on
fire,
like a
house on
fire, will
burn
sublimely.
the embryo,
which
it
reposes
is
liable
is
to
be influenced by that in
we can
is
excite imagina-
Yet some
still
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
278
Lord Byron
make
an example;
as
but
be
if
of them.
full
may
It
and weird
wild
of a
result
inspiration,
to
be
such
as
Raven of Poe.
divination
and
devil-
clear,
In the
"In
soul, as in
is
is
deeply written:
enfranchised
is
it
Be
only with
agony.
rouse
If
Is
Nevertheless,
it
there
sluggish, you
may
of Ossian.
and
its
soil,
and manure,
and the rye each in
To an imaginative mind,
argumentative ones.
excite your
mind
of stirring pieces
If,
at once, turn to
dramatic,
some choice
senatorial, or martial
must give
it
But
collection
it is
to
such
and when
MISCELLANEOUS READING.
serve this purpose
products
few and
279
Some
pot.
like the
The
original
difficult
others as un-
last are
is
boil like a
form or
is
to
an example of the
is
first
scarce a dis-
The
deficiencies noted
by Lord Verulam
it
back upon
to
its
own
as Socrates
they are
among
minds.
habits;
there
sophists.
there are
will
like
to
unto
many such
prove so relatively
on
Most
Leave such
it
educators;
Seek books
to all
passes,
it
resources, or lead
invaluable;
ahsoliitely,
as
in
genius and
almost any
dry weather,
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
280
If we have a particular subject on hand, most wellwritten works on that subject will prove suggestive.
In
to write essays,
Addison.
as
if
the atonement,
and what-
own
and standing
in
new
world
is
and direction
mind.
It has
when
the Bible.
activity
order,
it
in
in the
has given
been during
all
it is
ornaments, of new themes and new arguments, of everpurer emotions and ampler views;
feast of fat things
it
is
an everlasting
watchmen may
morning a Cas-
its
talian
a cease-
angels,
less
soul
in
celestial
vail
this
is
of reading
summit we may
Above
must
MISCELLANEOUS READING.
281
citing in youth.
clods broken
when
cast
it
is
when
filled
with plenty, and your presses burst out with new wine
The mind cultivated from youth puts on its noblest crown
when the almond-tree flourishes, and enjoys a marvelous
mental second sight when they that look out of the win-
decis-
and divines
burden
24
EDUCATION AL ESSAYS
282
^ettssitg af
ALTHOUGH
that
yet
it
it is
^alU^n. *
trite,
with interest,
it
is
in our ministry,
who need
to
And when we
some old and well-endowed semand the pride, immorality, and infidelity which
With some
laity
ambitious
or
enlightened
or the zeal of an
our colleges
many
are
lieve them.
:
is
upon
difiiculties
and
to re-
is
well endowed,
True, at
objects
NECESSITY OF COLLEGES.
of our care; but
it is
283
as the gaze
is
I trust,
to express
Rich thought
vated
is
intellect
skillful
product
of practice;
to
capital as a nursery,
little
know
its
regulate
wants, and
erect suitable
edifices,
its
the
Hence,
seminary.
is
or
way
to the fountains
state
of
No
of her youth.
At
a university, of
Zeno, Plato,
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
284
fill
republic
all
command
course of
heroism, and
song, in
nished alluring
their
For ages
illustrations.
at this
glowing
Bible has
from the
met the
save
schoolmistress of mankind.
No
Rome, extinguished,
the tomb of the dark
to arise
till
Charles
Early
more than
and
it
is
Whence come
countries have
modern times,
To what do we trace our
in
Popes,
the
Addisons,
the
whom
genius, fed by
are indebted
NECESSITY or COLLEGES.
285
and sciences.
To
cipline.
it
systematic
as a general rule
to valuable purposes,
which can
reflection
from
applv
to
it
to navigation
was another;
to observe
little
knowledge, but
The
to
the
trace
demands
mind
learned professions.
mental discipline
The
be conceded that
It will cheerfully
is
lectual
ancient
languages,
it
natural
qualify the
to
science,
mind
for strong,
its
It
patient,
the
it
has evolved
to a
long ladder,
down
to
the
up
down, breathless,
round, and
it
foot.
this ladder,
it
will
may
its
careful,
cessive years,
and
In this science
till
may be compared
summit by constant,
intel-
and
tendency
rolls
for the
matics,
last
men
and teach
it
even at the
Sisijphus,
it
always to
sit
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
286
mode of mental
The chief
tion to
namely,
it,
its
mind
It brings the
difficulty,
into
proves
communion
objec-
importance.
its
and golden ages, and by constantly presenting the most splendid creations of fancy, and the
finest models of style, fires the imagination and purifies
spirits of other
the taste.
God
It is
author of language no
less
the
is
fusion.
perfections of
God
stand forth
no
There
forms are
is
is
a world of
the
medium
mind
in
than in
as well
which
its
cast.
We may
see
God
in
more clearly may we trace his red right hand in the thunder and lightning of the blind old man of Scio's rocky isle.
When France abandoned the study of languages for that
of matter and mathematics, she plunged headlong into
vice and Atheism.
rich
as
states,
but
left
golden
ore.
Law
still
hills
NECESSITY OF COLLEGES.
287
parallelograms
and triangles
in
Euclid;
and
his
there
old bard
The
who is
Greece and Rome. The
of
man
Every
is
the fountain of
life.
discoveries,
to their cul-
be neglected in any
insti-
subjects.
as
an
indispensable
in all ages
been
branch of education.
re-
It
and
feeling,
and with
its
how
truth,
for that
teaching
the
to
it
stands.
reasoning in which
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
288
to
oflfers
the appropriate
training.
The
of man, belongs
to
cation; any
nitely deficient.
must be
this
infi-
try.
is
hemispheres;
duced the
it
founders
freest,
of
English
wisest, purest
it
it
pro-
literature,
people on
of
of both
illustrious
whom
minds
as a preparatory
for instance,
the Latin
which
for
many
medium
of com-
fall
into error?
It is inquired,
Their theories
Because the
we contemptuously
may
cast
to those
away the
NECESSITY OF COLLEGES.
Natural philosophy
is
289
The
eye
the
is
without a desire to
know
the
of acoustics;
laws
the
He who
felt
the influence of
Chemistry and
cure,
is
unpardonable in
a physician.
him
access
Church,
the
to
to the
fathers,
the
by
Bible, undiluted
These
classics.
to
translation.
will give
documents of the
;
What
above
all, to
the
an indescribable
by the
Spirit,
intended to convey
we
Providence seems
ments
for religious
to
have trained
his
chief instru-
Hill.
Did not
at Jerusalem, at
him influence
Rome, and qualify him
Athens, and
at
to
did
it
him when
city,
and
Areopagus ?
When
26
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
290
on
whom
did
God
fix to
bring in
tlie
Calvin, Beza,
Wittemburg
Knox
Melancthon a professor of
Greek
Luther wag
light?
Zuinglius,
And who
sions,
suffers
sumes
to
who
as-
In vain you
reason with the world against her demands for an educated ministry, while
it is
educating
canic force.
The
present age
though
all
is
one of controversy.
and
It
seems as
Error comes
powerful advocates.
When
did
classical
Cathol-
snarl-
but,
of Mexico;
now
raising her
NECESSITY OF COLLEGES.
291
along
university,
ing,
learn-
Church,
to rob
Such
the
is
Up! up!
conflict
God's word
it
let
is
True,
we not draw
wrapped
and clean
it,
it
it
gleaming edge?
in
the foe;
True, God^s
Nevertheless, she
must spread
I fear not
Church.
for the
its
blast.
The one
times.
manded
rites,
is
the
and having
and armor, often make slaughter without rousing resistAs we can not know them by their armor we must
ance.
detect
them by
their
shibboleth.
Credulity
is
still
more
fearful foe;
made more
drop a
terrible
little
of
it
and thus
Another demand
for
education
in
the
ministry
One hundred
is
years
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
202
heathen
Churcli
the
asTO
now she
feels
for
the
Her
all
little
great object
nor
is
the
New
languages must be
ages overcome.
Little
pagan lands
for a mission to
the prejudices of
To the
by common con-
man
is
Other profes-
pline.
all
so,
she will find her sons and daughters, in the next generation,
"We are
Were
men ? and did
lished
uneducated?
men
repeated?''
of extraordi-
all
untiring industry.
Bical
Upon
NECESSITY OF COLLEGES.
293
Few Churches
States.
can pro-
from ours
apathetic,
"The
(2.)
may be
di-
and mortified
at
True, and
the one,
idle
it
make
God and
the Church,
The
army.
latter,
though
though they never obtain a diploma, often reach an eminence where a diploma may be scorned. Sons worthy of
"Wesley, worthy of Methodism, born and baptized within
the walls of Oxford, they are the strongest advocates for
learning between the St. Lawrence and the
(3.)
men?"
were
But
it is
asked,
"Were
Grulf.
Grod's.
When
min-
education.
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
294
the languages of
all
(4.) It is said,
What
is
and
is
its
issue, Minerva-like,
slough
off
ignorance?
those of
We
intellect?
According
to
my
colleges
institutions of learning.
I have seen
the convict's
it
cell,
much
God
in
of Christian
I have witnessed
in the
it
chamber of
I have
sickness,
more
fre-
and
Thousands of the
seen
are
there no
is
lovely exemplification of
all
faith,
but
nor a
of learning.
known
man
to
NECESSITY OP COLLEGES.
295
'^The ministry
from learning."
The
culiar.
ministsr
He
and aided.
is
is
is
pe-
While he groans
"Who
is sufficient for
"I can do
strengtheneth me.''
things,
all
its
last
the
through Christ,
which
immediate salvation
Judge, the
final
fires
his
of the
redeemed,
him
compel
glory
of
When
to
lost,
be eloquent.
or listens to the
personification of wisdom,
sonification
ical
of eloquence.
energy of the
Who
man who
cue?
that
lifts
upon the
of the
pit,
The minister
It is
stated of a
interest,
first
altar
was
full
of angels,
it fell
soul.
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
296
the
movements of
his lips.
The
which spreads
When
And
life.
Dotli once
Notwithstanding
all
ance to reading, to
exhortation,
to
"Give attend
meditate
doctrine,
may appear
Colleges are
to all."
In
popular education.
necessary to
mistake.
discipline,
He unites the
tutor.
He needs to
school-teacher.
fessor,
dia.
and
Would
it
endowments of
offices
of president, pro-
be a walking encyclope-
exclusive attention to
common
schools?
From
and pay
the col-
there
may be
adequate support.
college,
and your
the
bul-
NECESSITY OF COLLEGES.
warks of our freedom.
297
Virginia
col-
masters.
The freedom of
gence.
of
its
find
despotism binding on
find that, as
subjects.
intelli-
its
and you
its fetters;
loosen,
till
liberty is a curse.
Sylla
She thought
els.
it
numbered daggers
it
found
it
The
let
un-
How
was
petty landholders
more unreasonable
lish
tyrants.
Under Charles
state of things
party,
a deliverer.
till
the Eng-
T,
Party against
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
298
with
states,
all
the advantages
Much
There are
who would
tear
What
four hours.
as
I love liberty,
it
shall
to pieces in less
than twenty-
Many
a republic.
fuse
all
little variation,
the
wanted
if
But we
men
to
This
dent.
It
is
is
art.
We
If
requisite
for
Should a
other purposes.
make experiments,
man
to
We
the college
should
be able to
efi"ect
to receive
analysis.
its
should not be a
little
tread-mill,
The
but a vast
up
college
field,
em-
bracing the universe in miniature, and offering for contemplation every variety of the Creator's work.
NECESSITY OF COLLEGES.
The
college
should have
as
the
to
colleges
endowed,
professorships
its
offer its
If
rich.
299
to the sons
The
value to community.
little
idle,
honor, promise
ducement
commercial enterprise;
The
its
endowment.
It is this
which opens
monopoly of learning in
Who
he?
is
it.
who
self-
and
difficulty,
foot,
the rugged
upward
to his lofty
without a college
the world
eminence.
immortal thought.
spirit,
created things,
What though
bosom
its
1
fellow-
Can
it
plunging into
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
800
Is there no green
in our ocean
is
upon our
earth,
no freshness
sunny
hills
Answer, ye beau-
Alleghanies
and Andes
said,
charm over
Rome
human
spread a
intellect to the
What
and
in
all,
all,
and through
is
no place found
for
them.
fly,
Though the
all,
Am,
and
infidel
may bathe
verse
filled
Divinity
is
which the
man
plunged
Some
of the
tallest,
cated head.
human
intellect,
NECESSITY OF COLLEGES.
301
terious combinations of
combines
at
the elements
will
human
dark mines of
feeling,
motive and
of
lights
and
desire.
manna from
chemistry to gather
ematics to survey
its
Calvary.
wilderness, no math-
classics,
of
its
its
fields,
but,
void
soul
is
of
happy
foundation
are charmed,
unknown
them
its
all,
feet find
an
its
treasures,
flowers
their
all
its
senses
concealed in
its
mines,
cedars, but
all
that is
rises like
Alpine summits to
the soul.
Is there
mounted by
mind
Let
few
Man
icoulcl
is
man
how
naturally indolent.
Were
lie
and
rot,
body and
soul.
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
302
men
to
Of
intellectual toil.
those
who
resolve to educate
They
and
them-
find
they have no
Even the
emulation, encourage-
fall!''
The
blast of
vengeful
altar,
foe,
hight; but
the thought
the
bloody
to a pass, different,
is
there in
f0p,
SHOULD
Ittotas
its
lit
303
lleMntI Sritntt*
t0
your Faculty
to deliver
an address,
at this
Commence-
tion
done
so,
I should have
last year.
my
duties and
my
of health deny
state
may
make
but because
me
both the
to
you
hearers, nor
my production to a
my appearance before
my own
want of respect
you
festivities,
my
to
for
my
an insensibility
to
to give
me
an indulgent hearing, by
I experienced no
of a theme, and
that I
it
little
was not
made up my mind
to
till
after
commend
much
to
reflection
your special
If the subject be
deemed
it.
If
it
who
be deemed un-
and
felt
to
your profession,
its
third
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
JJOd
would
fain
My
men
medical
We
professional walks.
Logic
to,
is the
in their ordinary
it,
we
rather would
exalt
it.
I emphasize
is
he who reasons
must reason
that
to object,
intellectual
is
are versed
reason
in logic,
for logic
poorly;
It
many, who
no consequence
It is of
logically.
it is
power necessary
employment.
to their skillful
.
on that subject.
consequence.
we
it
orator
and
speaks,
tranced;
from
An
language;
the
grammarian
it is
which
it is
built;
similar power,
till,
illustrates,
and
finds
thus
its
principles
dialectician
who understand
it;
it,
all
composed
nation constructs a
ascertains
en-
are
and deduces
oration,
nations
induction, he con-
and applies
Though
practice
may go
The
may
grammar and
men
enable
all,
with
of reasoning,
spect
criticism,
these
serve
placing
of
tliose
305
of genius;
those
and of
re-
they
when they
to ascertain
time.''
wanting in dialectics
and
That we should be
not surprising;
is
a large majority
many,
We
The circum-
spirit.
more lucrative
as
not be likely to
they are
a small
art.
these
by the temptations of a
and others have been drawn
reasoning, will
Of
halls.
all
allured
profession,
to the duties of a
do
historical, rather
acquire
than
accurate
to
it
medical
in
So
scientific.
far
scientific,
the student
is
conducted
to the skeleton,
they
may
memory.
challenge
From
which, while
hand
when
it
his
observation
for
the
his
cadaver,
much
and exercise
First,
now and
then,
merits of a certain
26
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
306
of thought
judgment.
Next, he
is
and
to a series of beautiful
him
T
to
metaphysical research.
am
who can
Similar observations
endure examination.
so that
may
be made
When
ences, he is
practice, to learn
by observation the
arts
sci-
of chirurgery
and therapeutics.
cessfully,
common
his instructors; he
is
He
adopts the
routine
of
rules
If he have
own
interests, or
find the
not
previously formed
them,
or
be
and
not
if
he have
possessed
of
307
mere
There
practitioner.
of the profession
studies
What
nothing in
is
counteract
to
the
this
collateral
tendency.
and medical
topoc:-
raphy.
Formerly, one, at
deemed,
lated
least,
if not a prerequisite
acquirement;
medium
the
for
medicine
Now,
Latin.
medical studies, a
to
student;
indeed,
once
had a general
our country, at
in
is
the
re-
least,
deemed needful
for
media through which flowed the treasures of ancient Grecian and Roman mind, is generally depreci-
tiful
ated.
It
have
lost
is
not
my
purpose
to
else
benefits derived to the medical student from an acquaintance with the tongue in which the
technical terms of his art are cast, in which its illustri-
cedent to theirs.
We
might,
also,
ante-
medium
all.
fact,
mind
to abstraction
and enticing
it
piricism, if
He who
science
it
is
em-
than controversial,
little
in
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
808
As
syllogistic form.
am
it
it
may be
The
reasoning.
by many
premiss
represented by
its
first
principal
a series of arguments
it is
work of Chillingworth
is
read
reasoning faculty.
course which train
How
subject of "Evidence."
teachers?
know
(I
is
it
with medical
Is
it
an experimental art?
the
ex cathedra,
give us /acts;
exclamation,
away with
"Away
causes,
us have practice.^'
with
give us
We
jjvmcijylesj
effects;
away
with theory,
let
much such
how they
youth
facts,
scien-
may embody
may
readily
a thousand facts,
and
practice,
purpose
is to
inquire whether
it
My
809
nesS;
should
collect
generalize
as-
facts,
which
it
rests
he
might
as
Nor should we
to observe, that a
man who
fail
is
Kindred
the disregard
to
Theory
signifies a con-
is
conceived
a hypothesis.
is
presumed
or fewer of the
which
it
is
of
circumstances
If
applied.
it
it
phenomenon
of the
explain
explains more
of them,
all
to
is
it
for
planets
example,
moved
the
hypothesis
Kepler,
of
with hesitancy at
first,
the
that
though received
as-
it
Even when
a hypothesis
is
not
inti-
of a
imaginary,
profession.
is it
What though
therefore to be despised?
hypothesis be
Imagination
is
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
310
if
you doubt
go
it,
Indeed, imagination
new
He
first
ascertains in
the
is
worlds, the
of ex-
inven-
that if the
on
The
to
fire,
mere
the flame
to cause explosion.
how
short might be
determine
compound
explosive
set
It
till
this,
he
he reduces
prevent explosion
finally,
He
is
know
who
as
re-
therefore,
blasphemous
to neglect, as it is
scientific
other, ally
powers
wicked
to
which
abuse;
progress depend,
man
to the
higher
orders of being.
The
the
studT/
still less
Observation, diagnosis, prescription, and prognosis, constitute the circle of his duties
circle
through which
to
oppose dic-
than argu-
ment
scription,
he has a right
authority?"
call in
to say,
office,
he
The lawyer
nate.
is
At
argument?
to
an autocrat.
my
he not accustomed
he meets
tum
is
When
311
is
compelled
to
be an arguist
is
whether
called on
to define words,
all
things, he
So
it
argue;
is
who
can.
persuasion
is
his
business;
this
depends upon
upon
Church, he moves through armed ranks of
conviction,
and
argument.
conviction
moods and
that
is
their
attitudes,
in him,
on
all
own minds.
Even
errorists
and
most peaceful
a reason of the
the
philosophy; in his
he must give
In
fully
hope
persuaded in
all
not
it
of
them.
inquire, "
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
312
men?"
contentious of
of a medical war
most
which we see
for the
all
continually sounding
is
part,
In
war
bootless
bloodless
war
in
face
And
logic,
is
much
little;
each
more
test
fraternal; they
might
still dijBfer
in theory, disagree
might occasionally
contention, and by envy
be provoked by covetousness to
to strife
al-
riances to such
strife to
dissensions,
the distinction of
How
is
it
^'^
genus
irritabile.''
in the Hudibrastic
upon them
sense,
Ministers differ
but in the
literal
they burn
often they
So with lawyers
would seem
as
dis-
tigers,
and
it
is
is
a body of
men
As
a house
without discus-
sion.
for the
smoke
is
where
is
vailing philosophy
AYe
still
of
times
the
is
it
men
their
to
Of the
But what
science.
frivolous, their
fanciful,
shall
premlogic
be blamed?
dialectics.
favorite
promote
to
the pre-
misguided
nothing in
is
feel
schoolmen,
tempt
313
men
To the
vulgar,
as Roscellinus;
it
may be
allowed to
to the
which has given to enlightened nations religious freedom. But it is vain to reason with those who will not
hear we must sufi'er yet a while from the contempt of
logic
resulting
it
by the
schoolmen.
When
these
men had
labors which,
necessarily
Bacon
name
base
flattery,
pher
ingratitude,
who,
in
works
heartless
treachery,
selfish aff"ections
erudite,
parasitical
Bacon!
profound,
a philos-
and
radiant
with original thought, enumerated the defects and omissions of his predecessors, classified the various branches
27
human
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
314
mapped out the region of known knowland pointed the way to the fields of unhiown ; who
faculties
edge,
wlio
sci-
ence, and whose crowning achievement was, that he retaught him to obcalled man to the study of nature
serve, experiment,
Novum Organon
infer;
Scientiarum.
of the
basis
it
is
however, they
men
to
In doing
so,
at his bidding.
access to fruitful
and
fall
into errors
is
very imperfect.
But there
nal circle
madness
composed of
to
first
truths
Its
is
truths as these
whole
an inter-
truths which
it
were
such
Without such
intellectual powers.
move
He who
a step.
princi-
doubts the
simplest
process of
induction.
He who
the
doubts
mind
or matter.
things
ideas
necessary,
absolute,
eternal.
There are
arise,
is
it
philosophy, on which
of
result
certain
315
we would
this
fix
imperfection.
confines
It
our
to universals;
Induction leads
up
till
de-
a general principle
established;
is
logical skill.
tion is
throughout,
process of
strict
Induc-
deduction
reasoning.
is,
Induction
you see not only the error of asserting that induction is the only scientific method, but how this error
tends to repress and discredit dialectics.
ation,
The
characteristic tendencies
ancestors.
ency
is
tastes,
glorious
for
We
life.
tear
epics,
We
Ours
up our
is
not contemplation.
become
classical.
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
316
to
immortalize
its
We
is
have
but
;'^
by the furnace.
We
We
roads.
have our
77iirabiles
all
We
do
not so to
is
The
cine,
and divinity
sit
side
by
side, as
members of the
same family, surrounded by their younger sisters, the liberal arts, promoting each other's edification, cherishing
each others affection, advancing each other's interests,
We
to suit us.
them with
sep-
Instead of
we build
his trade.
all
The tendencies
to
afford
so
sicians
cause to
effect, to
likely to manifest
317
mental
those
traits
it,
this, unless
they specially
in
the medical
profession,
effect to cause.
1.
That doctors
But do not divines
endless.
disagree also?
principally practical;
is
rather doc-
which
it
taken
into the
Such,
circulation.
Certainly.
It cuts
The
it
numerous.
Logic
relative, etc.
It
is
It
and
acci-
definition,
and the
He who
considers
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
318
reduce the
list
So, also, it
would by the exposure of fallacies. Are not Thomsonianism, hydropathy, homeopathy, etc., examples of hasty
induction
paste
steam,
Doubtless,
water,
and
sweetened'
many
cases,
may be an adequate means of cure. We must behow we proceed from the particular to the
universal.
One of these systems may prove to be all
that it assumes, but, certainly, when we consider, that in
each
ware, however,
medicine, as in
meteorology, a thousand
circumstances
many
we
number of
should beware
facts
how we
first
past,
we may conjecture
all
may be
effect.
may
and
first
sense
experience, in
the
last.
speculation,
it
is
Nothing more
it.
reliable
319
than ex-
founded on
it.
man
for his minor a cerphenomenon, and combining them, he draws a conclusion of no more value than his premises.
Hence, one
man's experience is, that wet sheets curey another's, that
tain
they
kill
that
one's,
infinitesimal
doses
are
efficient,
One's experience
is,
that
One's experience
is,
that jaundice
may be cured by
hang up
calo-
necessary than to
common
is
common
parlance, nothing
As
sense.
more
is
it
indefinite.
is
used in
Whatever
mon
The com-
common
sense of
American
democrats.
If such fallacies misled
common
respectable
sake
its
charlatan.
It
may be
prefers
poverty in
artifice.
uprightness
I have too
to
much
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS
320
confidence, however, in
human
Another
want of
result of the
provement as medicine.
discovery
their great
own
country, where
amend
may be
We
can
we have peculiar
whose
forests or
for diseases
baffled
ment; but
is
it
unknown
is
regions,
remedies
the healing
full
art.
of discourage-
to
some new
The
agents.
thing to the stores of medical knowledge and the resources of medical art.
ern systems
they
May
it
not be
so, too,
its
till
they have
waters.
may
find
but
him
mass
for
vaccination
is,
When we
examine the
etc.
statistics of hospitals,
and the
321
is
iodine in scrofula,
we must
useful
in
ague,
and
advanced.
kindred science
Man
human mind,
is
as of
medi-
in haste, but
God
represents
the
Plato
of a winged chariot; but the wings often droop, and periodically molt; the horses are
and
dient,
mulish.
the
spirited;
unequal
other
one
sluggish,
fleet,
obe-
clumsy,
and
and depressions of the chariot, as the wings lose or regain their feathers, and the struggles of the horses, sometimes pulling opposite ways, and
at
change truths.
Lastly, I mention as a result of the
skepticism of medical
men
want of
logic, the
in regard to religion.
Al-
Dr. Logan, of
New
it
is
very
were neces-
Ethics of Medicine, delivered in 1844, before the Medico-Chirurgical Society of Louisiana, says:
cially
urged
to this
"1 am
espe-
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
322
many
many
yet I have
skill,
are
Other
mony,
to the
Now,
state
of things
is
testi-
not simple;
it
is
I think, to the
The medical
student, as
God.
wont
And why
gift, like
so
remarks,
is
often
too
unknown
to spindle,
moving cause
you trace
and wheel
move-
its
to wheel, till
But
a stream of water.
who made
not
You
spindles,
one
the Athenian, to an
complicated machinery
survey a
you
logical habits.
because
distinguish
to
want of
all
so arranged
them
make
as to
The
design
is as
much
apparent as the
implies intelligence, as
The
in the animal
chological laws
but when
he does
so,
he confounds two
law
can do nothing; the term, as used in science, merely denotes the
mode
which
efi'ects
its
in
which poicer
appear.
acts,
or the order
to
is
in
raised
loses sight of
323
some med-
wliicli
ical
life:
classes
By
surrounding objects;
on his sensations;
reflects
The assembled
functions
life."
physiologist,
what
is
the cause of
AVhy, animal
life, to
animal
Why,
it is
If
Very
sure.
Now, what
well.
is
life ?
what
is ?
be
But
it
has been copied and imitated, by the highest medical authorities, not only in France,
Ocean.
wonder
what
its
evidences?
Dr. Drake, than
whom
''
We
among phy-
is
tion,
But
''If a
it
received atten-
its reality
examined.
this is precisely
because they have concluded without examination, in violation of critical justice; for they
out a hearing.
324
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
the absolute,
it
is
result of careful
To such an
As
ashamed of
its
omission; ashamed
to a correct
all
ment of
professional truth.
When
cism of ignorance.
of them, for
its
inhab-
in the benighted
many
land
of
ignorance and
doubt.
We
sufficient
to
heavenly
Upon
once was,
is
still
it
number of the
its
origin.'^
we beg
to inquire
some measure,
is
whether
not owing, in
minds of physicians,
particularly vulnerable
Do
profession
much by
ed
to
Think
not, because I
have allud-
it
in the eyes of
good men.
It is a
ingratitude,
To Medicine I owe an
Whenever I have eaten the bread
ened
my
my tongue
wholly unsurdebt.
of sorrow, or drank
my Good Samaritan
my anxieties, mitigated my pains, awakand often counted my pulse, and cooled
affliction,
hopes,
is
unspeakable
passed.
the cup of
325
at the
midnight
tears, I
my
as well as the
have
ofifered
morning watch;
remuneration, she
my
pillow.
Divine Wisdom
which
The more
of
my
and mercy owe the prolongation
To her
I ascribe to
a skill
skill
life.
when
its
name
it,
and
strive
to
shall every-where
mind and
heart.
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
326
fints
E hope
i^wtlj*
that
we delight
much
Should
its
we beseech
eye hither,
over, while
benefit
it
to
turn
friends the
relative to
all its
It
hodi/.
is
it is
it is
and, in
to
incorruptible, spiritual,
its
is
fied,
and
glorified
soul.
As we
the body
as
to
our keeping.
exercise
number of muscles.
But exercise, to be useful, must be taken with a good
will, and in a good humor.
A vigorous circulation rethe greatest
HINTS TO YOUTH.
327
Do
a buoyant spirit.
demands
mature your
griefs,
mount
of evening,
the rabbit
climbing the
from
rambles.
hills
brow
or sit
mountain-^ide,
look
out
or,
its
misty
or, if
shall
you have
spirit learn
light,
its
years,
in
inspiration of
riper
Let your
in
little
merry
and a
So
lively
footstep.
Inactivity
is
It brings
lence
they induce
violated with
lounging
is
the sons of
No
disease.
impunity;
be
men
is set in
them
to
it
be
is
idle.
Though the
sure to come.
Jus-
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
328
You might
last.
hope
as well
to stop a
you
And when
fail
Be
mindful,
as
therefore,
^^
it
daily exercise
daily food.
Do
the body
is
my
my
as
To neglect
not say,
from
take
to
disease
Do
You
of
mind."
such a course.
than in
fairest works,
five hours,
sluggish pulse.
when we
trust
us to give a
suffer
will
take upon
doctors.
Though
is
the appetite
is
down
In disease
and
it.
in
many
Ours
it
must often be
must never be
fully satiated.
sit
a land of abundance,
is
rarely
every organ
liberty,
it
its
at
it
loith appetite, if
dinner ivithout
to
unknown
sit
and
suff'er
If persons are
from disease.
and member.
The
The
intellect
will
will
spread over
most romantic
feel
most
at
diffi-
fields
of
HINTS TO YOUTH.
Ahstinence
fancy.
Was
indulgence.
my
it
often
of service,
especially after
who
not Bonaparte
said,
'^When
Do
mercy?"
cries for
it
is
329
you so abstemious
body would
lose
such a regimen.
as
While the
induce feebleness.
to
much, the
till
soul
Under
your food
creased
may be
its
digested;
vessels enlarged
its
and
you
add indolence
under
fail
its
its
be
will
in-
circulation accelerated,
which
will
render
But
if
you
all
and
come upon you, rendering you a burden
yourselves and to others, and inducing your friends,
in
an editor's
it
office.
matters but
little,
The stomach is
and compound
you do not give him too much to
be properly regulated.
analyze
table,
dessert
better
a plate of
figs,
And
pies, cakes, or
The former
herbs.
But
puddings
28
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
330
We
By no means.
man should have
hamite?''
that
vegetable food.
well
We
mixed
we
Nevertheless,
as
of animal and
diet
Be
you
is sufficient.
I do not ask
and cover
to lay the
it
comb the
to
hair
you
to
to
use the curry-comb, see that the barber uses the comb.
It has been said that cleanliness
is
ness,
bath-room shall be
common
as
the
as
kitchen.
We
in the comforts
and
In cleanliness
of the
great
Christian.
its
is
diflFerences
The sweetness
seen one
and
the
Shall
apparel
we be considered
?
We
descending
as
hate foppishness
aping
neck
in a
high cravat,
bind up ours?
why should
dress,
the
to
fair
afflicted
we allude
great men.
evil,
Because some
is
if
to
Be-
conceals his
why we
should
queen endeavors,
imitate
her?
HINTS TO YOUTH.
Extravagance in dress
331
condemned
as inucli to be
is
foppishness.
as
brill-
briety.
jewels,
so-
ments, said,
ornament
and
"The
virtues of
my husband
are a sufficient
for me.''
summoned her
sons.
the
habits
of our
though comfortable,
plain,
and
far
We
fellow-men.
believe
is
it
and
ourselves
and our
through the
easier to go
man
he
is
is
responsible for
bound
all
to secure a
makes
my
a slight one to
"
decent apparel.
a low
old."
bow
It will
to
my
My
banker,"
neio coat,
and
Be mindful
great service.
of your manners.
Its spring is
True politeness
is
of
One may, by
good nature.
reading books like Chesterfield's, and mingling in polished society, acquire certain habits, and obtain certain
rules,
which
Vain
will enable
and compliment
is
Every gesture
It has too
true motive.
The
is
is
traced to
a good physi-
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
332
To be
of the soul.
The
best
maxims of
to
is
tures.
an attempt
''
Be kindly
affectioned one to
other;"
"Bear ye one
another's
burdens;"
"Let no
is
good
to
easy to
gentle,
be
"Wisdom
entreated,
full
is
may
it
pure, peace-
and
of mercy
good
thinketh no evil,"
in Christ Jesus,
etc.
be at no more
utterance to
loss to
filial
make
it
or maternal
love
may be
is,
the
mode
by
mode of
expression.
its
this
thoughtfulness and an
to give
fellow-heart.
feeling,
is
acquire
a grace-
think
think
It may
men may be deemed boorish, at
times, for want of consideration.
Would you learn gentility, observe those who have it.
Be careful of your temper. A glad heart makes a
is
attraction of a lady's
HINTS TO YOUTH.
intellect, or person, or
333
acquirements, she
Her
to
is
repulsive, if
and
spirit,
by on the other
side.
We
Most
evil
There
is
tures:
the day
is
Were
affliction,
there would
be but
murmuring.
are
all
and
and
if cheerfully
midnight
is
is
mind, or both.
Providence, moreover,
in perpetual revolution,
and
There
is
a heavenly
darkest
its
I would
''As sorrowful,
sad-
its
ness,
felt
man complain?
When
Why
stripped of every
thing,
and
murmur
galhell,
the throne of
God?
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
334
thing around
Eden,
to
No
hills
flowery
Though
it.
no steeps
dence there
Endeavor
searches
and
constantly
trouble
are
dells
are breezy to
look
to
for
no
a bright
is
the
at
He who
latter.
is
it
he
who
Always keep
in
good humor
But be
satisfied
know
to
Be
Infinite
satisfied
Wisdom
bear
a shout,
raise
you hope
them with
study,
and
display
you
yourself
that,
be
of applause
whispers
will
roll
such
The
in
your
on
The speaker
labors
alas
his figures
down. the peroration
is
to
all
ears
tears,
now
perchance,
entranced,
day arrives
all
expect
in-
as
in-
and
write,
court-room,
^'
For
lady faint;
will look
meet
to raise
as
will
grace.
to
very gifts
Sometimes you
the
sees that
with disappointments
tend to
would
the worst of
which
We
Avith yourself.
stiff
his
mind
flounder
is
his
forgotten.
is
rigid
his tongue
arguments
tumble
The audience
rise in
HINTS TO YOUTH.
and the speaker
confusion,
And now
335
down
sits
in
perspiration.
hides her head, and the young rivals sneer, and the mali" Rather
flat.^'
Do
know
audience
iancy,
profundity.
knows
Do
it.
not be troubled
your
failed,
^^He that
runs away,
Keep
not
may
fights
Remember
another day."
live to fight
fools,
all
Homer sung
that
and wise
we do not
You may
Cicero or a Webster
you
Mrs. Sigourney or a
fair
Moreover, you
be great
may be a
Hannah
opportunity to
may make
it,
and
it
will
friendly.
a fop, this
all
be true;
is
a fool
man.
When
good.
none so
and that
is
He
you
the
If you
it
Smile at
may
praise.
and Goldsmith
for bread,
there
and
in a good
all rascals,
treat
brill-
for
that
Do
not
a rascal,
and
a bankrupt.
It
is
Cui bono?
Look
Speak
evil of
no
No man
frail as
And now my
so perfect as not to
pen addresses
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
336
Be
young gentlemen.
You have
cheap,
is
trable
shield.
that a
sister's affection is
He
Whether he be carpenter
No
is
spit
her
at
command
ity
her
fluence,
without the
Needles and
turkeys and
at
her
Her
at her lullaby.
bayonets
smile
and crowds
is
prosper-
it is
man
know
a ruined
move
not
an impene-
who does
youth
pity the
The
purest feel-
At
the altar of
God her
is
an angel of mercy.
Make
The
for-
HINTS TO YOUTH.
disgusts
all
around him.
337
and he
will boast of
he praises the
large, luscious
wall.
ages,
all
which we know
it
Gentlemen have
a fashion of sitting
much
uneasiness, since
wears holes both in the carpet and the wall, and often
worthy
when he described
the
that the
human
On
somewhat embar-
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
338
principle
liic
if
time and
by gravita-
tion or any other cause they are removed from one place
We
to attain to true
wisdom
man
first
by a descendant of that
city
brought
to
Rome
illustrious
man who
first
This
worm, a particular
goat,
and
a creature in the
others
curl
it
into little
god
sins, as a
cathedra, against
The
fair
roll
it,
We
protest, ex
not uncommon
among the
injures
the voice.
We
in
no small degree
distin-
of their
The
practice of
smoMng
HINTS TO YOUTH.
money^ and subjects us
339
inconvenience.
to great
will
man
fireside, to
whom
able.
I speak not
ble,
and
now of such
And what
to
Very
long in a close
it
will
you
do, gentle
become the room-mate at college or elsewhose olfactories and lungs are delicate,
or when shut up in a stage-coach or a cabin on a cold
reader, if you
where
of one
show respect?
erant ministry,
how
You
often
will
it
you uneasiness
give
chamber, or the
holy altar.
did
some
King James
I,
We
who
said
it
dangerous
to
''a
custom loath-
lowed
was
is
horrible Stygian
bottomless;" but we
to say that it is
may
smoke
surely be al-
We
It
to eat a quince
for a lass
be fragrant at the
quince and
its
We
know
it
is
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
340
legislature of
tlie
decree, as did
fense.
We
indeed,
when we
by
a lone
man
see a
a capital of-
flight of
in his solitude,
happy hours,
which he draws,
emblem of
it
fire,
we would
off,
his
bitter
hours;
life, to
We
have not spoken of the other form of using tobacco; but as that is so disgusting, we will presume none of
our readers are addicted to
of
Mrs.
S.,
who spread
nor need we
it;
tell
the story
wash
this,
but not
my
We
health.
doctors of
it,
do
not,
"Use
carpet."
any form,
this,
gentlemen; I can
Allow
is
us, in conclusion,
ordinarily injurious to
its
merits;
it
is
a good emetic.
We
its
popularity
is
it
has
by causing
is
sought in the
glass.
too often
expressions,
provincialisms, etc.
carelessly,
low phrases,
using ungram-
unauthorized words,
is
a very small
HINTS TO YOUTH.
your admission into more refined
341
curing respect;
Wit and
Wealth,
enchanting as they
intelligence,
seall.
can not
are,
Many
wonder why
admitted
which they
to the circles to
standing, and
official
is
it
Not
aspire.
few
Pedantry and
be avoided as vulgarity.
pression
Words
is
they pass.
To the pure
Hog
is
^^
Honi wit
The language
much
all
We
are as
a sign
often
aff"ectation
refinement; yet
that of attenuated
Above
bad breeding or
It is
bad heart.
a very
Was
it
who
it
the
shun
of modern philosophers
Is
all,
is
passed a church
it
when he
when he
How
rends
tian
often
is
the
tower
of the persecuted
of the dying
mountains
the hope
at
hell
cannon's mouth.
first
How
as
commandment
trifle
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
342
may
be pleaded
pravity, unless
even
the
in
hoped.
saw,
heard
it
where there
society,
When
hell.
at
presence
of ladies."
He
swears
and
trembled
that religion
also,
woman's
is
Washington
^'
stronghold
let it
did tempt
It is the
eat.''
me
heart.
the climax
is
of impoliteness.
Be
in
the world
No youth
charming person
sparkling
who
devoid of integrity,
profound
can succeed
learning
conversation;
will give
hiiu
man may
and
yet,
employment, or
Keep
mandments
they
are of infinitely
is
no
They
worthy of God.
He who
observes
He
them occupies an
enjoys the appro-
commends himself
blessed
of
God.
to
he
he
is
HINTS TO YOUTH.
unbidden dances in his heart.
be no just hand in this
according to desert
life to
know
there appears to
manent
343
prosperity.
all
men
will
indispensable to per-
is
suc-
Reason
will
bring them
They
fectly,
^^
evil
is
sinless motive.
In the light
they require a
commandments
the
per-
but
sepulcher;
trust
it
not;
the
perfect,
a purified heart.
washed of
its
stains
Make
vital morality,
you
But where
crucified.''
These general observations are sufficient for our purpose; but I can not refrain from some specific directions.
Be
observant of truth.
is
Scarce any
man
learns to
lie,
he
is
who
is
he has learned
man
because he
method of concealment.
counterfeits, before
Hence, Satan
Falsehood
If once a young
into vice
falls
Who
to falsify?
^^AU
liars are
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
344
to
An
Btone."
manner, or countenance,
or
gesticulation,
to
a wrong arrangement.
Be
cautious
to
promises;
know
fulfill.
may be
know,
incompatible with
rapid
accumulation;
but I
also,
though
course,
am
and wild
sure;
slow, are
it
How
acquired a
How
age
him
easy for
Many
to
command
steals on insidiously.
We
first
lie
for
amusement, then
till,
bor,
we can bear
Beware, then, of
Be guarded
in
who
asserts
sibility of ascertaining it to
Consider the
dangerous
be
so.
consequences of
falsehood.
falsehood.
ruin by one
me
lie.
Tell
HINTS TO YOUTH.
It is a libel
falsehood.
There
on divine Providence.
The
is
345
is
no lawful
it,
relations to God.
Truth
is
Learn
lovely in herself.
to
With
view
to facilitate
much
as lieth in jou,
Be
slow in
The
is
love.
As
Be
practice of promiscu-
tune.
making promises.
we ought never
and misfor-
The
to lend.
man
own
if a
would
But we
own
interest;
We
it is
so.
and
our
under
Better go
barefoot and bleeding over the ground than run the risk
me
means
to
buy
incurring
shoes.
Don't
Few men
not
do so without
Be
of action.
of
its
rectitude,
suffer
a conviction
Rather
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
amiable
The
judgment.
tions of your
desire
please
to
trait
and
but
it
is
is
an
often con-
is
different
from either, and has been the temporal and eternal ruin
of thousands.
Firmness
is
It can
direct a
Without
it,
no
is
safe
deprived of
wreck.
its
It is
life.
Splendid
abilities
What would
tion.
One
The rock
immovable."
the best
is
its
ven-
emblem of the
Christian.
Firmness
is
not eccentricity.
Firmness
importance; eccentricity
is
is
singular in matters of
singular at
all
times.
Who
Moses.
In condescension
men."
Firmness
is
not obstinacy.
The former
rests
upon
HINTS TO YOUTH.
347
The former implies intelligence, the other stupidity. The one is a high excellency,
the other a great defect. The one is illustrated in Luther
standing before the Diet of Worms, the other in the mule
reason, tlie latter
upon
will.
Be careful in
may be about to
relation to
Some
your company.
of you
as
man
was formed for society, you will soon find other associates.
Beware: extend your confidence slowly; and, while you
to
men
And
what accounts
The
"Be
respective char-
not deceived
Avoid
evil
infidel
You have
that
that
feet of
Him
publisheth peace."
blessed.
to the
You have
breathed a
temple
to worship, and,
with
Perhaps,
men
and there
tears,
is
dedicated to
God
in
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
348
he liveth he
Lord/'
Here
is
that
as
said,
servant heareth/'
you
will
whom
they allure
to the
dark
You
infidelity.
engaging manners, cultivated minds, and elegant attainments, whose thoughts and feelings are tinctured with
skepticism.
to insnare you.
Prais-
and go
to the
Bible;
or the
Brahmin
at
the
cation, and the power of custom, and sneering at enthusiasm and superstition in all their forms, they will ingen-
HINTS TO YOUTH.
concomitants^ upon the
accidental
While they
they deform.
it
of
your
all
all
349
in a world of wickedness
for your virtue,
in a better world
and
your career?
shall
Alas
in
what manner
will
it
the grave
rise,
wake
furies of remorse
may we never
society if
No accomplishment
ency.
so
it
Who
close?
the terrors of
fall,
0, Jesus,
be
will
and the
mouth
for
be of infidel tend-
elegant,
no learning so
God
down
sit
to
life's
with gratitude.
sensual
And
it
But
the pleasures
let
of
becomes us
and
rise
all to
from
it
brute.
Let
the feast be the feast of reason, and the wine the flow of
soul.
As
man
his friend.
heart
to
to
to
known
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
350
who
On
street, in
the
field;
Hundreds
are ready to lead you to the card-table, and from the cardtable to the wine-cup, and thence to the scenes of alluring
Be
mind.
careful of your
made
Inform
There
it.
to learn as that
All nature
to walk.
as
is
is
hung with
them
to
make
The Bible
in
its
and copious
is
evidence, sublime in
in its instructions,
its
pure in
Above
which beams upon the humble
These three sources of knowledge are exhaustless
soul.
and pure. Commune much, then, with nature, with revits
all,
there
is
edge.
We
fear
dom.
promises.
a divine light
elation,
men
its
not according to
this,
there
is
books helps
to wis-
If they speak
oracles.
no light in them.
Books
The memory
is
it will
human
Of
these
we need
an immortal
canvas,
and the
so transcend-
HINTS TO YOUTH.
351
horn we
down
let
Though an
amusement,
Who
hour of
may
it
trial,
from the
pit, to
there cometh
give
moment's
painful
its
may
impure thought
shall tell
mind
its
haunt
it
when, in the
spirit,
it
re-
lost spirit
Novelist,
shall
seize.
Then
be an angel to thy
soul.
sioned,
horrid
specters,
to
drive
you give
and
In that sad
ation,
fair
appropriate.
charged
tersign.
Let
and
all
to
examin-
full.
Keep
admit no stranger who does not give the counWhen any important fact comes into your
to
presence, survey
origin, its uses,
ject.
for a rod to
Consider.
moment
ter-
He who
it
carefully
and how
inquire into
make
to
it
its
nature, its
midst of a mob
way
he
ie
knows not
mind.
Magnificent are
its
travail.
Control the
powers immortal;
glorious
make
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
362
You
command
a will,
To
universe.
not without
God
to the
and duties
but
the voice of
as
is
trained to
no easy
is
of fancies
and
follies,
cares
task.
body
the mast.
to
folly, as
he
He who
deep seas of
sails
The imagination
control.
it
needs
be under stern
to
may advantageously
castles, communing with
soul
in its bowers,
luxuriate
its
and returning
dancing
which the
through
its
real
But we must be
ing regions
not
to forget that
maintain a proper
may
at
is
we
command
let
us always
we
air.
The
is
and the south, and the west, bursting from their caves,
together meet upon its waters; let the waves rise and the
sands be thrown up, and the spray sprinkle the stars, and
heaven and earth be commingled; but take care that
there shall always be a Neptune within the soul, to raise
his calm head above the billows, and driving the struggling winds
to
HINTS TO YOUTH.
troubled waters,
make
a tranquil
353
surface on wliicli to
home.
to
holy and
God.
infinite
Let constant
you alone."
What
Who,
is
wrath in Jehovah
sinner be consigned?
ness, sanctification,
Jesus Christ
is
and redemption.
to his cross
30
wisdom, righteous-
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
354
to the call
spond
ful
am
to
purpose,
deemed
is
I re-
Your
beauti-
many
its
is
associated in
my memory
with
Your commercial
me
and
all
and prosperous
The Church
to
in your hands.
which we belong
among
has,
home and
have become
The
tion
from the
to
earliest
welcome
classic soil
the labors of
occasion suggests to
which I owe
what no other
to
village has
a faithful wife.
It is not in-
toward
we
my
consecrate
it is
open
to all,
mite
this
For,
Female
College.
FEMALE EDUCATION.
in the lapse of time
may
it
855
the daughters of
educate
benefit of Mansfield
require some
playing the
nothing
The
all
is
the
in
daughter's
that
There
streets.
less
fee,
sell
College, therefore,
must
as the
young
the
and
will
if
be
Your
character
young gentlemen, by a
generally ascend as high
and, as the
your society.
to
is
and
footsteps
more
requires no
it
man
poorest
tambourine
between
and
his child,
It is
ladies, it
must
raise the
whole platform of
itself in
amusements.
that will
attention,
But the
be cultivated here
and the
In this consideration
especially rejoice;
for better
be ignorant
and sustained.
daughters
intellect
be awakened
will
all
men
will
that
our
good
infinitely better
drudges,
Anthonys by their
And yet there may be men, and women too,
wickedness.
in this community, who look with jealousy upon this instiSome of them may dislike
tution because it is religious.
their beauty and wit, and cursing
it
its
otry.
is
indispens-
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
356
for
without
An
suaded
to
an atheistic, or even
to
men
indeed, irreligious
del school;
it,
infi-
how
my
child. '^
would be next
the
requisite
Indeed,
talents,
who
under
possess
afi'ord.
and
the
These per-
sons must belong either to the same denomination or difIf to difi"erent, one of two results will be
ferent ones.
likely to follow
either no strong
pressions will be
made on
let
for,
ings of
tion.
men
of corrupt minds
The Church
in the injury.
finally,
explosions, dissolu-
to be;
but
and share,
human
too,
nature,
FEMALE EDUCATION.
though
human
sanctified, is still
men
Very
357
But, you say,
nature.
well
definite
perhaps
religious
if
knowledge
their
to
they must
more
feel
but
or less the
One
cries,
is
are agreed.
professors stand
be no
all
difficulty.'^
any man
it is
much
Sectarianism I abhor as
I wish
it
religious college,
ground
"with a
There
were dead.
It is at
is
no
text.
it,
It can
death of agony,
all
and impartial benevolence. But we must distinguish between a sectarian and a merely denominational
The one is set up merely to promote the
institution.
versal
.interest of the
sect,
and
it
shuts out
all
who
are not of
necessary to
for the
benefit of
it,
and
ment.
It is instituted
by a particular denomination as
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
358
a matter of convenience.
Churches to do likewise. In
this way, the energies of the whole Church can be best
brought out and applied, and her children can be com-
and provokes
cation,
sister
The
fact that a
seminary
is
trol
assurance that
it will
thus attracts to
it
a patronage,
and secures
to it a
local
perma-
corpora-
tion,
it
diminishes
it,
by
ors.
sectarianism
is
instruct-
by which
It also dis-
courages proselytism.
denominations.
of
all
it will
awaken
children that
may be
confided to
in the
care,
its
put
it
becomes independent,
licity
for,
unless
it
it
will still
possess
do
to
minds of the
any prejudice
own interest
Even when it
Its
so.
have a motive
to catho-
Church
to
which
it
belongs.
less
The
our prejudices
we
polemic
satire,
if
feel as
and
he arose
How would
an enraged
Church of
to that
and
his antagonist,
Church should
PEMALE EDUCATION.
come
to
359
in
and ridicule
own
his
faithful
very Church
and his introduction within
beneficence of that
the
to
it,
to the
watchmen whose
by the Church
As
etc.
moral
the
to
influence,
incomparably
is
it
onists
whenever the
from week
to
What was
battle relaxed.
students,
may
going on
well be con-
jectured.
And
this
reminds
College because
accustomed
works of
me
is
True,
we
who may
of a class
not religious
stigmatize
to
pagan one.
it
They
shall
pagan authors
object to this
enough.
among the
find
they
are
the
are
as a
text-books
elect,
however,
less
such
as
Cicero,
Horace, Tacitus,
Homer, Herodotus,
jEsculus, Euripides, and Plato; and such
Xenophon,
Virgil,
Christian
mind, such
poems
bearing
upon common
ings,
natural
to
of these as
objects,
is
etc.
as
orations,
and
and
necessary to
histories,
give
only such
a
correct
an
amount
knowledge
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
360
the
Next we
We
and mixed.
than as Christian
cast.
necessary expur-
all
pure
although pagans
beings.
teach them,
by
for
too
Kepler,
Gralileo,
Plato well
as
mathematics he
God
said,
This,
but
it
And
here
let
it
mind
to adore
and
be observed, that
is
Though we may
militaryengineering, we may find it
civil or
we
and, moreover,
Church militant
natural sciences.
tian too?
cultivate.
at the
laws of reasoning
logic
the
laws of style
find the
rhetoric
philosophy of the
human mind,
the
map
of
human
opin-
above
all,
the course.
which run
all
through
FEMALE EDUCATION.
among
If
361
text-books
Testament
is
and prayerfully
morning to morning,
with a running commentary, and enforced by
read in course,
how such
Do
own
and
self-respect.
it,
become enlightened,
settled,
and finding
active,
it
they will
discreet Christians.
God has
name
in
distant
nations,
But
and
Church
at
to
home.
other
Latin
sex.
?
"What,''
say they,
"do
ladies
want
of
What do
What do they
to
survey
lands or
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
362
the
instruments for
much
We
of woman's rights.
I plead for
them
hear
to-day.
predestined
superiority
of
man
in
mere
bodily
It
is
not
woman,
It is
an ordinance of nature
foundations.
lay
to
new
man ?
Women
name.
men
of proudest
culti-
title
Even
Solon, on hearing
it
by heart.
Corinna,
till
he had
But time
would fail to tell of the Marys, and Catharines, and
Elizabeths, and Lady Greys, and Lady Lumleys, and
countesses, and duchesses, and madames, and misses who
wrote Latin and Greek, and spoke Italian, and French,
and Spanish, and rivaled poets, and excelled statesmen,
and uttered oracles, and mastered mathematics, and
cessive contests bore the
FEMALE EDUCATION.
363
Such cases, unless they are exceptions to a general rule, show that woman is intellectually
They are indeed striking instances;
the peer of man.
but let the advantages enjoyed by Elizabeth Carter or
Madame Dacier be possessed by all, and examples of
female greatness equally illustrious would become freand routed armies.
quent.
Still it
may be
to stand
nibal, or Caesar, or
To
Napoleon in arms.
this
it
may be
has had a poor opportunity thus to disBut how came she to have so poor
tinguish herself.
a chance, if she be the equal of man? why not, in the
replied,
woman
power,
it
is
different in kind
is
in
make
We
equal to man's in
memory, perception,
man; in abstraction
and ratiocination perhaps she is. Though she surpasses
man in some mental efforts, she can not match him in
imagination,
mere
woman
analytical
is
not inferior to
Her
best
when her
resting on
she might prevent the birds of the air from
them by day and beasts of the field by night. None but
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
364
tlie
cradle
slept,
of bark
suspend his
and no where
him.
Woman
is
superior to
man
in
taste;
Her mind,
perfect.
all
it.
cacy;
Pity,
gentleness,
characteristics.
life
and who,
These
difi"erences
As Tennyson
at the
couch of
sister, or
a mother?
prettily expresses
it,
" For
He
of
woman, she
of
man
Nor
More
fail in
childward care
man
And
so these twain,
Sit side
by
side, full
upon the
skirts of time,
summed
sufi"er-
FEMALE EDUCATION.
365
Distinct in individualities,
like each other, ev'n as those who love
Then comes the statelier Eden back to men
Then reign the world's great bi-idals, chaste and calm
Then springs the crowning race of human kind."
But
But
fabled
angels of love
rank higher
Surely
of light.
woman
is
is
angels
worthy of an education as
This
may be
She
cares,
is
ness,
Man, oppressed by
conversation; there
invigorating.
But
is
this relief
and respond
to
his appeals;
to ex-
joys.
both
they
struggle to
fulfill
when he
is
in the parlor;
or,
if
and relapse
into her
own
si-
Under
company
at the
restraint,
should seek
or the billiard-saloon
assembly,
life,
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
366
This
is
The women
genius.
are not
to
blame
society
is
to
may
Hard indeed
is it,
up
struggle
to the
scarcely possible,
reunite,
me
tell
to
when
may
You
may educate their wives to suit themAlas! let no man try the experiment; it is
for a man to educate himself
he has command
possible
After his
of his time.
his book; if
may
is
of his shavings;
lamp
toil
if a
if a poet,
The
soldier
poor
woman
to
make
where
is
when
There
no silence which
there
may
is
not tear.
aphysics to her,
it is
may
too late
the
father
may
rush from
and the
mother may
not.
FEMALE EDUCATION.
Woman
man.
is
representative
of
either party
is
the other
bound
of
367
the
is
incapacitated to
failing
assumed obligation,
fulfill
If
partner.
the
wife
the place
be
bedridden,
mented,
it is
or, if
be well managed.
bring his
and
nature
man
energy and
skill.
How often
of his
be able to
will
that a
plans,
prosecute
it
happens
We
say,
as
up
his
close
aire.
and complicated
fewer
still
estate,
fewer
still
an extensive
intelligent wife,
who
breathed his
agencies, and
spirit,
who
for life
But an
it.
become
his
plans,
conversant with
his
be
able
to
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
368
man
theaters of
life.
by
cripple her
all
all,
an emergency,
to step into
woman, weak,
suspected reserve
call forth.
spirit,
more
quence, and
to
elo-
She
has,
reaction.
It
all
her energies a
tem-
both physical
too,
it."
his shield,
It
^'
Bring
was a mother
to
martyrdom.
foes
It
battle,
FEMALE EDUCATION.
369
haps
faint, as
to
rifle
defend his
cahin; but let that father be slain and scalped, and there
will
be another defender.
now she
off
to scream, she
Under
all
woman
see
which man
a stranger.
is
when
duties, but
race-course
is
demands them of
necessity
Woman
woman
unlovely, but
to save
an imperiled child,
sublime.
speeches to a
maiden
may
by which he
from poverty,
is
honorable.
much
more.
conflicts of life
may do
She
hand upon him when his facA babe might make an oak
if
he seized
it
as it burst
from
the ground, but a giant could not, after a few decades had
matured
its
hung upon
illustrious
trunk.
Show me
a great
man
is
Show me an
endowments
It is
to
be
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
370
great.
ness,
As
philosopher.
lakes
his
and oceans,
will train
up a
to the wilder-
its
its
magnitude,
its
waters.
As
the wind
howls through the trees at night, she may calm his mind
by explaining
to
the causes of
its
and
ophy
in keeping,
So
in the veins.
that,
its
by
air
he breathes,
which enter
into its
its
from the
of his brain.
to
teach
so that the
her boy.
day of instruction
for
moon comes
stars,
at
she goes out with her son beneath her mantle, and
mind
takes in
to
vault,
the demonstration;
hand of God
is
"Whither
shall I go
But
it
is
shall
FEMALE EDUCATION.
371
As she
a teacher.
is
even
in
rakes the
upon
and explains how the sun draws up the mist and forms
the rain drops
how
the
dew
house
is
how
Her son
ers
in
and
brings in,
is
increased
vegetable
orders,
grass,
the neighbor's
their combination
force
ness, analyzes
all
As
fall.
powers, and
trates
upon the
distills
and genera,
which these
are
for
to
arranged
into
classes,
volume,
to search
again,
it.
sure
He
how
and
that the
brings, on
it
in his
He
may
mother an opportunity
be, of a rab-
bit;
but
ribs,
it
affords the
to point out
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
372
she
may proceed
cord,
silver
wheel
to
at the cistern,
till
and the
at the fountain,
he shall cry
out,
"I
am
fearfully
steam, the
mode by which
is
it
and
movements of the engine, whether stationary or locomoand the use to which it is applied, both in commerce
and manufactures. And now the telegraph follows, but
tive,
is at
no
ture on
is
electricity,
and what
it
is
may be
Perhaps
making models
to
whose chamber,
maps, and
it
life, to
may
up
for another,
she
and
celestial charts,
train
whom
past,
and the
method of reason-
him
as his
mind matures,
to patient retrospec-
tion,
angels,
image of
Grod.
votes to history,
Her winter
till
in the
the progress of
progress
arts,
of virtue.
As she
exhibits
before
him the
FEMALE EDUCATION.
"heroes
373
and specially
to
and
pa-
and
apostles.
Bible, and
it
without
itself.
The mother does more for her son than simply to imThe mother of Miriam would have
knowledge.
part
Hebrew
spirit.
law,
if
her
lips
to
when Ceres left the society of the gods, and came down
among men, she came to Elusis disguised as an aged
woman, and was employed by the wife of Celeus as a
Beneath the care of the godnurse to her infant son.
dess the child 'Hhrove like a god.''
He
beneath unknown
mother
is like
She
him with
own great
Woman
man
spirit, till
is
he grows immortal.
Without
her,
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
374
I grant
criminal.
and crime
man;
and
there
if
slie
is
once sbe
falls,
is
and a fearfulness in
stand aghast.
the
And
this
is as
shows her
Exom
power.
in iniquity
When
sci-
an empiric plants
first
couch of
affliction;
who, in her
infuses
ment, and prepares the way for the new mode of practice.
However
intelligent a
husband
be,
he rushes
to
is
is
likely to say, as
do as you
please.''
and he who
parents.
monism
sent
its
chief captives
When
Mor-
were
silly
Where
women.
the
mother
senses; but
Thus,
too,
all
to
his
home and
his
Nor
is
it
less so in politics.
FEMALE EDUCATION.
375
ame
Rolands or
So with
most.
the
divines preach to
phemy;
while
women
little
Cordays
may
x\ngels
vice.
in vain, if beautiful
Charlotte
upper-
lecture on temperance
women
were
empty
into the
air,
women
bath under
foot,
is
in the streets,
we must look
virtuous,
is
for
Now,
and
to the
our remedy.
When
tyrant
she
stirs
melt.
It
the
fires
all
pendence
afloat.
It is
without alarm.
makes us look
to the future
upon the
train the
Marthas, without
whom
the
whom
and the
it
can be yours
the Washingtons
Isabellas,
discovered.
without
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS
376
ORIGrlNALITYj
God
he
is
As
only.
there
is
Men may
is
no idea of which he
alter
they
may
have no power
to
all
will
go
presenting
to the
them
in
We
all
may
new combinations.
mind
be obvious.
By
so
1.
is
ideas
use the
If
we
the universe
all
it is
differ,
so that,
to
alike,
microscopic vision, no
and
as nature herself
it is
impossible
same ideas
there
may be
in
the
same combinations.
Nevertheless,
is
ORIGINALITY.
377
collusion.
led to their
first
Ideas selected
discovery.
By
2.
giving them
makes
sician
new
Suppose
much
that,
progress,
is
as
much
entitled to praise
in the wilderness.
three
the phy-
them
had collected
before
When
applications.
a medicinal use of
had made
over a
each would
When
have
makes a
new application of the ideas previously expressed by
We may, therefore, employ comanother, he is original.
been an original discoverer.
a writer
and yet be
enti-
alter their
properties.
so
as to
and
titled to
ii-.crease its
name
it
medicinal virtue
and employ
it
as his
is
own?
he not en
Nor would
salutary by
new
It is
to give a
4 By
transforming or abridging.
32
Virgil has, in
many
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS
378
he
has, in
that
many
respects, so
Temple."
as a copyist.
based upon
is
Scarce an illustration
former which
is
Homer, but
^^
natural
Howe's Living
be found in the
to
is
The
illustrations of his
much
so
of science
mon
and beauty
force
and
from the
felicity, that
When
incorporation of his
a writer
no one
calls in ques-
an individual, by the
When
recent discoveries
makes
its
value, he is original.
is
not to be regarded as a
plagiarist.
5.
By
man were
If a
simplifying.
to
make
a vast im-
savage multiplies
art to simplify.
causes
to
multiply
The untutored
As man
effects.
is
multiplicity of effects.
The
simplicity.
That
is
it
is its
inality
all
incumbrances, and in a
much
smaller compass.
man may
ORIGINALITY.
argument
379
after
illustration, in
the same order, and for the same purpose as another has
though the
done
boundless universe
may be
language
is
different
while
the
before us;
paragraph here, another there, and then calling the combination an original composition.
It is an original conglomeration, or juxtaposition;
tion
there
for
elements.
is
no combina-
I pity the
mind
that can employ itself in such a task, and pity the con-
My
offence.
design, however,
plagiarism, but
to
therefore, to notice
is
recommend
proceed,
effort.
1.
This
is
imagination
may
revel
among splendid
ideas,
The
connected
by no
incompetent
is
it
to discover truth.
deduce conclusions.
would
ocean,
memory
be rather injurious
capacious as the
than
advantageous,
above
desert
is
an
occasion
of
It
to fools, that
misthinking,
man
of sound
whatever sphere he
judgment
will
placed,
and
is
mark the
will
much in
know how to use
accomplish
who
control
great results.
Queen Elizabeth, of
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
380
She had a cabinet equal^ if not superior, to any that England has ever boasted; but she put
no showy men into it. She kept working men for work,
of her public men.
and showy men for show. On every stage there are men
of judgment behind the screen, who use the men of noise
and show as the engineer regulates and employs his
machinery.
They of the
class
latter
may
propel the
In no situation
for servants.
ones,
will a
man
he attracts
to
him in
An impudent enemy
ceaseless homage and obedience.
general
Iphicrates
an
ancient
once asked
by way of
taunt, what he was ; for he had neither spear, nor bow,
"I am," said he, 'Uhe man who comnor light armor.
mands all these." Thus, with that crowning capacity of
the mind judgment though without learning, or brilliancy, or a store of facts, it will command them all. How
important, then, to develop and train the judgment
This
energy, a system of satellites which wheel around
Such
(1.)
By producing
accuracy.
it.
It is
an easy thing
to rea-
son by rule, but this will not always lead to correct conclusions.
rule,
A strict
able.
his
is
right
indispens-
sum by the
Fallacies
investigation than
to illogical reasoning.
They
lie
not
in the
from
false premises.
The
errors of
men
are generally of
ORIGINALITY*.
They
Hence
premises.
381
fail
and tendencies.
relations,
or
Wby
religion.
this
every fact
Sir Isaac
and
bearings,
its
Newton reasoned
difference?
as
strong
had
sciences he
Logic
not.
of no
is
consequence
to
man who
has
not
he examines.
will
If a
man has
be enabled to read
not
not studied
French, he
merely by putting on
it
spectacles.
By
(2.)
rigid analysis.
coarse
and
desists.
when
or damnation
is
ment,
it
life
nicety
is
indis-
Dr.
faint.
out the Union for the celerity, and accuracy, and neatness
of his operations, once informed
in
at
doing
me
minute
nothing
had
and that he
The mind
fix
energy,
its
attention,
move
all
its
train
its
powers,
faculties in
concentrate
concert,
may
its
trust its
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
882
delicacy of
this
divinity,
too
highly prized.
By producing
(3.)
when
conclusions
The mind
confidence.
rests in its
its
is
definition, parsed
each word,
particle.
scious that
it is
Such a mind
right.
may come,
it
cheer-
relies not so
its position.
much
man
it is
of this de-
He
fears
is
no opposition,
impregnable, defies
assault.
2.
memory.
The memory of
upon the
facts
The
habit of orig-
ination.
curbs
it not.
Instead of permitting
it
it
to
but
it
directs
it
to the
habits.
(1.)
upon books
or
discourse
for
his
ideas,
If a
man
rely
he may pass
through every scene of business or pleasure, without observing any thing with a
careful eye
neither
counte-
ORIGINALITY.
nances, nor sentiments, nor opinions
things, nor events
neither
383
neither
men, nor
He
soul.
is
profit,
who
himself of no opportunity of
He
inquirer.
It is quite
otherwise with
in every
in
every
star.
no event so
trivial as
His mind
thing on which
ance of
it
may
thoughts,
its
it
is in
a state
is
it
which
avails
It
alone than
when
alone.
Such were
it
was
less
and
he found himself
bird,
in a beautiful
to
him
willing
of our
life for
An
and render
eminent writer
When
in early
electrify an
almost
trivial
him
audience by a
noticed.
(2.)
It
begets
habit of philosophical
association.
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
384
Nature
will not
Instead of
all
notes and
friendanswered and unanswered, whether on business,
thrown together
or
of the
careless
merchant
letters
receipts,
or
ship, or
religion,
one huge
pile,
holes, classify
politics
into
all
we may partition our memory into pigeonthem philosophically, label them neatly,
may be found
at
any time
after a
safe,
what
must
at
The
Of
moment's search.
once perceive.
every one
ing
in
it
demand
examined
as they arrive,
j51ed.
and
pursuits,
and
all
his paths.
and
derangement.
Originality exerts a favorable
5.
influence
upon
elo-
quence.
(1.) It confers clearness
dispensable to eloquence.
noise,
cuity,
ous
This
of expression.
We
is
in-
and argument, and declamation, without perspibut not eloquence. The language may be copi-
and
beautiful,
the
and
illustrations,
figures on figures
subject
and appeals
may be
piled
ORIGINALITY.
up
to a
far short
fall
385
all
He may
with clearness.
pity or
judicious hearer.
Clearness
is
originality.
A man can scarcely be original, and at the
same time obscure. The subject may be such as to
require language and arguments which are not familiar
but yet
to all,
plain
those
to
views a
for
is
it
own
his
or less force,
will
express
Whatever
discussed.
We
clearly.
sometimes com-
frequently into
for it
treated so as to be perfectly
whom
man compasses by
strongly he
we
may be
it
my
it.
my
philosophy;
all
the living
It
must be
far
that
we
guage
is
neath
it,
are
men.
good channel.
bed that
wonder
this difficulty.
ourselves
It is a
it
It is only
lie,
when
when
it
it
treasures
flows
be-
through a
passes over a
muddy
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
386
I can point to
who
political world,
are
with power, but accuracy and beauty, and who are perfectly ignorant of the first principles of
are
men
They
grammar.
The author of
to
blunders,
avoid
a grammar, in giving
the
gives
following
as
Much depends
an appropriate theme.
The
period, the
age, the
What may
That which
ble abroad.
must
all
be proper at
is
An
home may be
adapted
to the
unsuita-
town may be
Arguments, language,
illus-
trations,
moral atmosphere
is
him with
in
salutary effect,
a peculiar state
when the
whereas, under
The storm
field,
might
tear to
There
is
in
some communities a
idiosyncrasy.
In
such
cases
the
pe-
a kind of moral
wise
physician
of
the hearers.
mood,
''
When
much upon
the
mind
is
The
effect of
grate harshly upon the ear, and almost agonize the soul;
much
less
expert musi-
ORIGINALITY.
ciau, will be to the ear
and
charming
will
387
oil
waters.
is
happens
to
blood-letting
who
unscientific as
is
prescribed
The
every patient.
for
as
if
God's provi-
and such a
Almighty
is
to the
There
who never
is
fireside
as
he does
to
remark
the field
in the Iliad.
tended by her
little
The
ward he inclines
to the
the
How awkward
that warrior
if
bosom of
boy;
at-
illustrious
but back-
was willing
to
the minister
How awkward
who
is
who
Who
lair!
worthless in consequence of
its
effort
prove utterly
irrelevancy?
and who
quence of
its
perfect adaptation?
to
When
furnish
for
a distinguished
publication a
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
388
copy of a sermon
whicli
lie
terrific
tremendous
comply with the request upon condition that the committee would agree to print the
thunder and lightning which accompanied it. He knew
he agreed
effect,
to
derived
it
uses a
may occur
stance that
hearers
who
the
to
orator
fact, that
One
its
little
circum-
attract
cloud
may
tered by an orator,
whom
he noticed
to
when preaching
be talking
"
When
let
This advantage
is
The
before a monarch,
names of
latter
prescribes
symptoms.
^'
Words
fitly
in pictures of silver.''
What
to
close
happen
they do execution
but
ORIGINALITY.
they generally miss the mark.
who
is
mark before he
to draw a bow
sees the
clothe
his
his arrow
lets
389
fly,
An
at a venture.
skeleton,
and then
sense,
on Sabbath,
it
An
man has
original
will
seem
to
flowers
they wither;
to
pretty,
soil,
and deriving
There can be no
this
sparkling ornaments
of
An
respect.
on a grave subject,
the
the
it.
as
They
nourishment from
They
generally appropriate.
the
is
in as
showy
bad
ball-room
elo-
taste
the
in
inappropriate style
is
unseemly
whether
she
will
dress.
not
dress
the
animals of the
She
altar
no wings
in her moral
will
regions
to
of the
she
gives
works
breeze
to the
draw up Jordan
polar
no proboscis
In the former
She
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
390
in
oratory, swift
will
vary
tlie
and graceful
song and
in
She
satire.
Be
original and
sails
you
will
be simple or vehement,
may
require.
(4.) It suggests a suitable
This
arrangement.
It
is
in-
important in
is
An
it
original
it is
he puts on the
How
roof.
awkward
subject
is
matured^
it
removed before
it is
Till a
preposses-
presented, or
clear
The
it
clearly
an}^ subject
and
thoroughly will
at every step.
is
of vast importance.
his arguments as he
will
But
It often
reverse
the
to the sober,
ORIGINALITY.
judicious mind, which has
made
391
master of
itself
its
when he pushed
Caesar,
triumphs
his
into
Gaul,
He
formed the
tor-
toise,
ranks,
wish
not
to
be
with
subject
the
dis-
pensable.
(5.)
produces animation.
It
nothing can
insure
it
he
so well as orig-
own he
inality.
for
will un-
upon
the issue.
manner
is
in
of itself inspiring.
foe,
field,
heart
and being
felt
they will be
way
reach
to
heart.
There
is
The
original
mind,
which
is
upon the
of
immense
subject,
it
value.
is
not
likely to be diverted
amid
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
392
There
is
when
in a storm,
is
a beautiful
now sinking
caps,
object.
billows,
As
now
she
rising
into the
There
soul,
is
when,
HIGHER EDUCATION.
is
IT
higher education.
From the
1.
This follows,
He
nature of God.
As
his will.
we should be
have
it
is
the development of
proves his will that
we should be
he
God?
The very
who does
but
truth
is
first
wonder, for
He who
is
not
What
the
adum-
a sheet of sci-
is
and
of a similar character.
is
it
lights,
No
proves
science
whe
is
ii^uc.
Father of
bration
ence
infinitely wise;
is
is lioly
deem
393
number of the
stars;
and he
is
is
of his power.
whom
vision,
is
full
of his glory.''
is
apt
mount.
Hence,
is
to
clothed
like
the
sun.
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
894
when he came
to chaos,
Who
who
at
her bidding.
farther
its
mingled
Church of the
Men
living God,
scientific
to
It
light.
is
is,
that
God
is
is
The
2.
God himself
The
most
for
whole earth
altogether the
scientific.
From the
character
Moreover, the conduct conforms to the percepIf the most lovely object be apprehended as un-
lovely, it will
be viewed as lovely,
Hence, there
is
will
it
if the
for, as
What
obedience to
God?
is to
^^
cover
now
to Biblical
it
but
hell as
light."
it
is
darkness," heaven as
of the Bible,
most hateful
'^
nor re-
is to
it
it,
hand
as na-
as the Bible,
Some,
know,
they should
have
said,
false
interpretations of
HIGHER EDUCATION.
Thus Conclaves
them.
''If
395
you hold that the earth turns round, you deny the
truth of the Bible; but they could not prevent the world
it."
So
created so
;
but they
Some
philosophers, I ad-
But
which of the
Which
its
pages?
of scientific progress, and throw their shadows over generations, has failed
to
bow
its
reverential
and honored
For example,
my
me
we admire him on account of his perfections; we venerate and worship him on account of his
government." But time would fail to speak of Boyle,
and Locke, and Pascal, and Boerhaave, etc. A few pertheir final causes;
sons,
grant,
than they otherwise would have been, and their skepticism only proves that the tendency of science
tion,
all
man
devo-
Many
to
is
is so.
The higher
and the
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
396
The chief of
"I feel as
British philosophers,
a child that has been
the
lies
^'When
ed; what
of
man
is
man
moon and
stars
The
me."
before
I consider
him?"
Although
knowledge
knowledge,
3.
From
summarily in
righteousness
righteousness
but the
and
feel the
religion.
and
impulsion to observe
in
it.
his
And where
is
two
this
rule of right,
is
the rule
the will of
is
To
What
consists
What
godliness.
doing of right
This
are the
We
do
this,
the
who would be
We
in
exhausted
Not an enlightened
it?
with this
Church of God.
Not
chief woe?
satisfied
in
because
strength,
the
or
is its
deficient
man
is
an immortal being
HIGHER EDUCATION.
on
and because
eternity,
for
trial
397
slavery,
by locking
God and
human
the
heart, that
so unspeakable a
is
it
boasted liberty,
you endure
Better be
Beware,
curse.
in your
lest,
without friends, without raiment, without shelter, without food, than without that knowledge which
to bring
To
beautiful
it
necessary
read
is
and
in the
But
her children.
all
origin-
in languages
more
perfect.
words in which
from the
it fell
lips
of
though
God?
in this
you be
satisfied
with a translation
like to
preserve the
to
Luther: ''For
'the
devil
smelled
the
How
Hear Martin
roast;'
that
if
he could not
this,
that
easily stop
we
shall not be
which
this
up again.
And
let
us understand
The languages
is
hid
in
in
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
398
which
this food
is
Evangel
show-
itself
was
as ripe in scholarship as
and vigor of
That
purity^
style, that
without
attained
He
was aided
by one who united the clearness of Aristotle and the elegance of Plato with the spirit of Christ, and who checked
his foes
by a sword that
being polished.
Our
lost
none of
its
keenness by
molded their
ser-
it
in the
be important that we
lyre.
given,
first
it
Do you
Providence
what more
act
Providence?
But does
miraculously or instrumentally
And
Our
Kingswood school,
and shortly after, that of Woodhouse Grove, whose fruits
we are now reaping, in the productions of such minds as
Mr. Wesley,
HIGHER EDUCATION.
399
Adam
Who
exertion.
all
stands
the
But
let
liness; that
shall
how
we
shall
god-
is,
But how
and how
shall
of scientific knowledge
moral.
The former
how
we
arc
Not by words
Now,
they
Doing
troduces us to
and
all
waters,
to the angel,
so,
from earth
to the worlds
God through
on
it in-
which he measures
hand; the
the mountains,
which he weighs in scales; the sweet influences of Pleiades, which he binds; and the bands of Orion, which he
loosens.
how
vastly
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
400
from principles
pies,
to systems,
to
from systems
How
God.
to designs,
vast the
most devout
sav-
may be
Science, I know,
must we therefore
perverted, but
we therefore
all
be
dumb ?
The tendency
of science
is to
him.
It
is
stitutions
justice
in the administration
But
God
in Christ,
it
is
we have
we study
after
well that
earth,
and bring
to drive
am aware
that
HIGHER EDUCATION.
For
the
deny us
in the
dead
same reason,
be
to
is
more corruptioQ
is
they should
consistent,
There
intercourse.
social
401
in
hall of justice,
of the
streets
the errors of
men
as well as the
libraries
ings of
4.
We
fact that
onstration that
would be
The
it is
ages.
all
may
The
metropolis.
came with
it
its
proof, is a
it
dem-
were not,
mind an
It is a
appropriate
it
interest-
The Gospel
its
is
a copious
that he
read, yet
it
contains a vast
hist'ory
literal
and the
figurative,
Some think
whether we understand
its
if
we
mat-
it
teachings; but
fire
and
propagated
lines,
made
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
402
it
it.
a divine breathing, he
tation
in
disgrace.
it is
Another
is
in
ruin and
in-
Instead of examining
it
of
its
correctness.
He
mis-
he
rises
and, supposing
he
is
answered
all
Conceiving that he
is
in-
In
all
ciples are right, the feelings are right, the education only
is
wrong
the
show
that,
We
Lord?
much
of the fruits
who warns us
against the
hear
tho
HIGHER EDUCATION.
Some may
Gospel to
inquire,
duty?''
be
to
403
enlightened.
we
fulfilling
Parental
love
understand our
to
fail
has
driven
many a
may have
its
object
to the
continent
mercy
and a blessing
its colonists,
love, not
to the
woes which
Some
end.
ask,
God
to the desola-
an angel's pencil
guide?"
sufficient
He
hunting,
to city,
acted in
God
all
service
to
till
Yet he
good
her Commission
in all
Court,
it
to
j>r{nciples.
say,
work of the
True, but how does the Holy
Is not religion a
why
If without,
"and the
Paul,
"How,
"Ye
truth shall
shall
know the
make you
free."
fruth/' says
Hence
Him
in
says
whom
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
404
Him
of
whom
hear without
preacher?"
who publisheth
Gospel
must be
the
mind must be
pre-
tidings,
peace,
mind
to
which
the}'
own land?
progress in our
consequence of an
minister
is
undis-
to
shall they
least, in
and how
to evangelize
Why
people.
If
undertake
who
proclaimed,
how
inability, in the
Partly, at
common mind,
to gener-
Scripture
is
for doctrine
details of
and
life.
is
All
profitable
then
follows,
righteousness.
we
Finally,
directly
is
called
or
argue
indirectly
to
disciple
from
required
all
nature
the
of
nations
the
of
the
duties
Church.
Zion
Remarkable must
man eminently
an intelligent
man
otherwise.
I grant that a
few
men
of
little
True, the
they understood Greek, and no sooner were they commissioned than, by a miracle, they were
God
made
scholars.
When
HIGHER EDUCATION.
405
him
to hold
to
is fit
it,
and
to receive instruction,
and dost
its
not,
what
laws and
become of
shall
peace?
Thou
much as
in thee
its
art able
lies, like
More
stone."
As
particularly
is
own
country.
and
so far
a representative democracy,
It is to
tion.
is
eternal truth.
have
least, to
pillars of
revered the
its
This
is
owing,
pol-
may shine
as
Every
son born upon our soil has a right to aspire to the Presi-
dency.
We
nullit}^
conscience
show any
bright
have no wish
we
to interfere
may never
vision
of
we wish
Dr.
to realize
Coke
in
the
who,
connection
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
406
said:
'^And on
this plan
we
trust
men who
will
two
greatest
employment
in life,
ornaments of
which
deep learning and genuine reintelligent
beings,
ligion/'
We
owe
it
to ourselves to
more important
can not be
office
with
is
and for
souls,
There
His
is
no
demand preparatory
irt-
no trade so simple as
is
men
There
eternity.
Why,
should
then,
God?
than
matter?
soul
more
Now,
easily
God
in grace as in nature,
agencies, and
to
appointed
is,
according
am
all
through
immutable
laws.
of them.
isters,
but
to save
mit,
'^
are
it
pleases him,
them
But," some
that believe.
necessary to
The earthen
transmit
the
waters
of
grace.
say, ''let
be placed in the
pulpit,
is
all
science.
let
Let them
the people
HIGHER EDUCATION.
of salvation, as occasion requires.
407
Doubtless,
God might
plish
work?
When,
in
olden
accom-
he blessed
times,
Israel
that
God
to
whom have we
and of
learned
may be
of him.
this but
True,
most
of the
and of power.
If ministers should possess suitable qualifications,
shall
know
of but
second,
it
how
three ways
seems
The
to
first
me,
is
trine f'
hast
for
/ea?-iiec?;"
not
"make
full
thou
But why argue thus, since all admit that a minmust be instructed if he would be a workman
approved
unto God.
True, his
success
does
not
flow
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
408
from
ejfficiently
The
attainments or diligence.
liis
gales
of the divine Spirit alone can waft the vessel of Zion over
the ocean of
life to
vessel should be
manned by
Nevertheless, that
knowledge and
not wholly
and the
skill
just
as the
And
this
say
skill
sails.
is.
the lawyer?
True, if a
own
of his patrons
How
aided
on the part
life
exertions;
artists,
part,
or,
as
competent masters?
We
physicians,
are,
hesitate
under the
not
to
tuition of
say,
in
the
latter
method, because
it
We
have
in
all
should then
it is
asked,
with
all
''is
may be
relied on to furnish
we not thus
out
far
you
to use the
means.
Why,
then,
make such
Have
Granted.
her
changed
is
in the
Church and
may
HIGHER EDUCATION.
be new ways of administering
409
it;
human mind
is
transmitting
its
there are
thoughts;
new ways of
the earth
traveling
is
over
they were
as
the
its
same, but
surface;
same
down when
the
position,
fifty
the
new methods of
they
^^Let the
up when he rises;
winter and open windows in
fires
in
in spring
students,
good schools,
without black-
We
of
extraordinary
natural
Asbury,
M'Kendree,
When men
pare
men
that there
men
in any department
we might show
men
is
for,
is
no need of
no need of schools
to pre-
difficult to find
persons in
all
aration.
tion
leaders,
and not
followers,
but be.
35
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
410
Could we
make them
live
call
back
and
fathers
tlie
not occupy
the
same
relative
position.
Men
God
of genius, such as
is
God
we
shall
capital
have to do
to
escape
tion
they come?
of
bold
wise
from
seek
to
to
impart
adventures.
all
Romanism.
the
dominions
the
welcome
silly,
revolution;
Whence do
from
it;
knowledge; the
only
Welcome, thrice
may they
find salva-
This we owe
souls.
sea, are
ofi"ering
to ourselves, to
Egypt, Persia,
whitening
fields
of
among
Christian
labor;
India
is
known
only
and
geography,
is
valleys of the
Nile, the
volcanic
summits
of intertropical
HIGHER EDUCATION.
aries
would not
What
satisfy the
we do?
shall
411
hour.
^^
We
look
who now
feel
May we
but should
many
if
it
re-
labor?
preach in a lan-
acquire
an unknown
acquisitions?
feel called to
or to
not,
all
Do
till
in the missionary
will
follow.
Some exclaim
he possesses
must
mouths of
gold,
it.
does not
Because
display
plain.
It
it
is
He
is
it
of
all
others
the
most
It has
the educated
EDUCATIONAL ESSAYS.
412
much
is
even
it
dark ages
of those happy
men who
am one
and in the
THE END.
3A77
\\^