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Proof continued. . .
Therefore
T (u + v ) = (1 + 1 )w1 + + (n + n )wn
= (1 w1 + + n wn ) + (1 w1 + + n wn )
= T (u) + T (v ).
Similarly,
T (u) = T (1 v1 + + n vn )
= 1 w1 + + n wn = (1 w1 + + n wn )
= T (u).
Therefore T is a linear transformation.
Uniqueness follows from the previous theorem.
1 1
1
Let A = 0
2 1
T : R3 R3 given
1
2 . Consider the linear transformation
0
by T (x) = Ax for every x R3 .
Then Ae1 = (1, 0, 2); Ae2 = (1, 1, 1) & Ae3 = (1, 2, 0).
Note that (1, 0, 2) = 1 e1 + 0 e2 + 2 e3 .
Let V be a vector space and B = {v1 , . . . , vn } be a basis of V . If
v V , then there exist unique scalars 1 , . . . , n F such that
v = 1 v1 + + n vn .
In other words, all the information about v is contained in the
scalars 1 , . . . , n .
1
Solution: (0, 1) = 1(1, 1) + 1(1, 0). [(0, 1)]B =
.
1
Example 2: Let B = {1, 1 + X , 1 + X 2 } P2 . Is B a basis of P2 ?
Find [1 + X + X 2 ]B .
Note here that the matrices would be different if we alter the
positions of the basis vectors.i.e., the matrices w.r.t.
{1, 1 + X 2 , 1 + X } and {1, 1 + X , 1 + X 2 } are different.
11 12 1n
21 22 2n
2
[T ]B
=
..
..
..
..
B1
.
.
.
.
m1 m2
mn
2 1
2
1
1 .
Therefore [T ]B
B1 =
1 1
Note that if A =
2
[T ]B
B1 ,
x1
x
then T
=A 1 .
x2
x2
0 1 2 3
B
0 .
Ans: [D]A = 0 0 2
0 0 0
3
RX
Example 3: Let T : P2 P3 be the map T (p(X )) = 0 p(t)dt.
2
2
2
3
Let A = {1, 1 +
X , X + X } and
B = {1, X , X + X , X + X }.
0 0
0
1 1/2 1/6 .
[Lect - 13]
Then [T ]B
A = 0 1/2
1/6
0 0
1/3