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Examples
Verb + gerund 1. I enjoy playing
2. I denied stealing
Verb +
infinitive
Rules
Often we use the gerund for
an action that
happens before or at the
same time as the action of
the main verb.
Explanations
1. I enjoy myself at the time
of playing.
2. I deny having stolen
anything before.
These rules are helpful but DO NOT always explain all uses of gerunds and infinitives.
like
love
enjoy
dislike
hate
don't mind
can't stand
can't bear
admit
appreciate
allow
avoid
advise
consider
deny
delay
understand
finish
fancy
go (in go swimming)
involve
keep
mention
mind
stop
waste time/money
imagine
involve
keep (on)
mention
miss
postpone
permit
practice
suggest
resist
reject
risk
can't help
can't stand
Example:
" I suggest going to the theater."
3- After prepositions :
interested in ...
instead of ...
good at ...
before ...
after ...
Example:
"I am interested in collecting stamps."
"After playing football I drank an orange juice".
want
hope
aim
intend
arrange
attempt
promise
be determined
plan
consent
decide
demand
deserve
determine
endeavor
expect
offer
proceed
promise
threaten
swear
volunteer
want
would like
would hate
would love
Example:
" I want to finish my work early.
afford
agree
help
choose
fail
happen
refuse
manage
need
seem
learn
choose
pretend
3- After adjectives :
glad
pleased
disappointed
start
begin
stop
remember...
can't
stand
cease
care.
care.
continue
hate
like
love
neglect
prefer
propose
REMEMBER
Although the difference in meaning is small with these particular verbs, and gerunds and infinitives can often be
used interchangeably, there is still a meaning difference. Using a gerund suggests that you are referring to real
activities or experiences. Using an infinitive suggests that you are talking about potential or possible activities or
experiences. Because of this small difference in meaning, gerunds and infinitives cannot always be used
interchangeably, such as in the examples below.
Examples:
The British reporter likes living in New York. HE LIVES IN NEW YORK AND HE LIKES WHAT HE EXPERIENCES THERE.
The British reporter likes to live in New York whenever he works in the United States. HE LIKES THE OPTION
I like speaking French because it's such a beautiful language. I LIKE THE EXPERIENCE OF SPEAKING FRENCH, AND
OR POSSIBILITY OF LIVING IN
I like to speak French when I'm in France. I PREFER THE OPTION OF SPEAKING FRENCH WHEN I AM IN FRANCE.
dread
She dreaded taking the test.
actions.
USUALLY "DREAD" IS FOLLOWED BY A GERUND.
forget
keep
She kept talking.
"KEEP" IS NORMALLY USED WITH A GERUND TO
MEAN THAT YOU CONTINUE DOING AN ACTION.
need
The house needs cleaning.
WHEN "NEED" IS USED WITH A GERUND, IT TAKES
ON A PASSIVE MEANING. THE SENTENCE ABOVE
MEANS "THE HOUSE NEEDS TO BE CLEANED."
regret
I regretted being late to the interview.
rememb
er
start
Marge started talking really fast.
Marge started to talk really fast.
WHEN "START" IS USED IN NON-CONTINUOUS
TENSES, YOU CAN EITHER USE A GERUND OR AN
INFINITIVE.
stop
He stopped smoking for health reasons.
try