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Testing fresh concrete should be done at the point of discharge from the truck. If the point of delivery is the same as the point of placement, then the concrete should be tested. A concrete supplier should test concrete that has been placed in the form.
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Testing fresh concrete_ At point of placement or end of chute__tcm45-590798.pdf
Testing fresh concrete should be done at the point of discharge from the truck. If the point of delivery is the same as the point of placement, then the concrete should be tested. A concrete supplier should test concrete that has been placed in the form.
Testing fresh concrete should be done at the point of discharge from the truck. If the point of delivery is the same as the point of placement, then the concrete should be tested. A concrete supplier should test concrete that has been placed in the form.
the truck and the point of placement, allowing most of the testing to be done at the point of discharge. Generally, loss of slump is less than 2 inches and can be corrected by the use of admixtures or a small addition of water. Control of air content is a somewhat different matter because of the effect of air on durability. However that, too, can be handled with care on the part of the pump operator and the placing crew. When the pump boom is horizontal or directed uphill, the loss of air will normally be less than 0.75%. However, if the placement is near the pump and the pipe has a steep vertical down section, or if the placement is steeply downhill, significant amounts of air (2% to 4%) can be lost with some mixes, and that can make the concrete less durable. Concrete Construction: Why should fresh concrete be tested at the point of discharge from the mixer? Moore: If the point of delivery is the same as the point of placement (when concrete is placed from the truck directly into the forms), then the concrete should be tested at the point of discharge from the truck. If the point of delivery is different than the point of placement, as might occur with pumped concrete, fresh concrete should be tested at the point of placement. An exception to this is when the contractor has developed an acceptable correlation between fresh-concrete properties at the mixer and at the point of placement. Then the testing lab may test fresh concrete at the mixer. The optional requirements to ACI
complex issue that often
Generally, the concrete arises on a concrete construcshould be tested at discharge tion project is where to test the fresh concrete. Should it be at the from the truck, primarily point of discharge or placement? And who is responsible for ensur- because thats where the coning that the as-placed concrete crete is most accessible. meets specification requirements? Dick Gaynor Section 4.3.2 of both ACI Concrete 301-96 and 301-99, Standard Specifications for Structural Concrete, Construction: requires the concrete supplier to deliver Why should fresh concrete be testconcrete that will possess the specified fresh-concrete properties at the point of ed at the point of placement? placement. But sections 4.2.2.2 and Moore: 4.2.2.4 of these documents require testTesting fresh ing for slump and air content at the concrete at the point of placement point of delivery. ASTM C 94-98b, ensures that the contract requireStandard Specification for Readyments are being met for the concrete Mixed Concrete, indicates that the as placed. As-placed concrete will difsupplier should deliver concrete in compliance with the specification at the fer from as-delivered concrete if conveyed by means that might alter the point of discharge from the mixer. properties of fresh concrete. ACI 301 is a standard concrete Gaynor: Air content, slump, and specification frequently referenced in strength may change when a pump or project documents. Its intended to belt conveyor places the concrete. cover only contract items between the The specifier who wants to test at the engineeras the owners representapoint of placement may have contiveand the general contractor, not cerns, such as preventing a potential the separate responsibilities and relationships among the general contractor, loss of durability caused by a low air content in the structure or making concrete contractor, and concrete supsure the pump operator doesnt add plier. ASTM C 94 addresses readywater to the pump hopper to reduce mixed concrete manufactured and depump pressures. However, an experilivered to a purchaser, usually the conenced construction team usually can crete contractor. avoid significant changes in concrete We asked Dick Gaynor, a consultant and past technical director of Testing fresh concrete at the point of the National Ready Mixed Concrete Association, and Timothy Moore, an placement ensures that the contract engineer with San Diego Gas & Elecrequirements are being met for the contric and past chair of ACI 301, to comment on point of testing and the crete as placed.Timothy Moore responsibilities of the parties involved.