DIATEZA PASIVA

In diateza activa subiectul gramatical coincide cu cel logic ,fiind agentul actiunii.
ex.Grandma tells a story to little Alec every evening.
In diateza pasiva subiectul gramatical este complementul direct sau indirect din diateza activa iar subiectul
logic este subiectul gramatical din diateza activ.
Complementul direct devine subiect gramatical
ex.A story is told to Alec by grandma every evening.
Complementul indirect devine subiect gramatical
Ex.Little Alec is told a story by grandma every evening.
FORMA:Subiect +verbul to be la timpul corespunzator din diateza activa+Past Participle
PRESENT TENSE SIMPLE:S+AM/IS/ARE+PAST PARTICIPLE
PAST TENSE SIMPLE:S+WAS/WERE+PAST PARTICIPLE
FUTURE TENSE SIMPLE:S+SHALL/WILL BE +PAST PARTICIPLE
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE:S+HAVE/HAS BEEN+PAST PARTICIPLE
PAST PERFECT SIMPLE:S+HAD BEEN+PAST PARTICIPLE
FUTURE PERFECT SIMPLE: S + SHALL/WILL + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
PRESENT TENSE CONTINUOUS:S+AM/IS/ARE BEING+PAST PARTICIPLE
PAST TENSE CONTINUOUS:S+WAS/WERE BEING+PAST PARTICIPLE
Pt. modale(M=can,could,may,might,must,should,ought to,shall,will):
M+verb(1st form) se transforma in M+BE+PAST PARTICIPLE
M+have +past participle se transforma in M+HAVE+BEEN+PAST PARTICIPLE
Pt.gerund:
V-ing se transforma in BEING+PAST PARTICIPLE
Having+past participle se transforma in HAVING BEEN+PAST PARTICIPLE
Pt. infinitive:
To-verb (1st form) se transforma in TO BE+PAST PARTICIPLE
To have +past participle se transforma in TO HAVE BEEN +PAST PARTICIPLE

Constructii impersonale cu diateza pasiva

Verbele:acknowledge,allege,assume,believe,claim,consider,declare,deny,expect,feel,know,maintain,presu
me,realize,report,say,state,suppose,think,understand
Constructiile formale repeta ceea ce este dat iar constructiile informale se formuleaza folosind infinitiv
simplu pentru simultaneitate si infinitiv perfect pentru anterioritate.

Constructii cauzative
Se foloseste have+complement+past participle pentru a spune ca aranjam ca cineva sa faca ceva pentru
noi
ex.He asked the mechanic to repair his car.
He had his car repaired.
Poate exprima accidente si intamplari nefericite.
ex.He had his cheek bruised in a fight.
Get something done=pentru a spune ca acel lucru trebuie facut urgent
Make/have+complement +infinitive sunt folosite pentru a exprima ca cineva face pe atcineva sa faca
ceva
ex.He made Liz send a fax.(He insisted that Liz should send a fax)
He had Liz send a fax.(He asked Liz to send a fax.)
Get +complement +to-infinitive este folosit pentru a arata ca cineva convinge pe altcineva sa faca ceva
ex.She got her husband to cut the grass.(She persuaded her husband to cut the grass)