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Mechanical Simulation
Table of Contents
1. Introduction .....................................................................3
2. Viewing CarSim Results..................................................4
Start CarSim ................................................................................ 4
Go to the CarSim Quick Start Dataset .......................................... 5
The CarSim Run Control (Home) Window Layout ....................... 8
Visualize a Simulated Test ........................................................... 9
View Plots ................................................................................. 12
View Model Information............................................................ 15
NOTICE
This manual describes software that is furnished under a license agreement and may be used or
copied only in accordance with the terms of such agreement. BikeSim, CarSim, TruckSim,
VehSim, and VehicleSim are registered trademarks of Mechanical Simulation Corporation.
1996 2013, Mechanical Simulation Corporation.
Last updated February 2013
ii
1. Introduction
This guide will introduce you to CarSim 8.2. It shows the basics for simulating tests, viewing
results, and making changes to the vehicle and test procedure.
No experience with using the software is assumed. If you have used versions of CarSim older
than version 8.2, we recommend that you work through this guide you will probably pick up
some new capabilities regarding the basic use of the software.
If you are involved with teaching others to use CarSim, then we strongly recommend that you go
through this guide. CarSim 8.2 has new capabilities intended to support occasional users.
CarSim must be installed on your computer. If you have not yet installed CarSim, log into
your
computer
as
an
administrator,
launch
the
installation
program
Setup_CarSim_8.2.exe, and follow the instructions.
2.
You must have a license key to run CarSim, as described during the installation.
3.
Start CarSim
1.
Choose the example database that was installed with CarSim and click the button Continue
with the selected database .
Alert
The first time you launch CarSim, a License Settings window will pop
up (Figure 2). Click the Select button
to continue launching CarSim.
Note the checkbox with the caption: Dont show this window when
starting
. If you are using a network license, do not check this box;
you may need to select different license features in the future.
CarSim opens with a view of the most recently visited data screen. The first time CarSim is
opened after installation, this will be the CarSim Run Control screen (Home, Figure 3).
Chapter 2
For the purpose of this tutorial, use the View menu to make sure options are set to Show
Button Toolbar, Show Button Labels, and Show Sidebar (Figure 4).
Chapter 2
Use the View menu to set the window size to match common settings in Windows. Small
size is standard (text is sized at 100%); medium matches when text is set to 125%; large fills
your screen.
2.
3.
Look at the CarSim window title. If it ends with the category and name {* * Quick Start
(Figure 3), then you are looking at the right dataset; please continue
Guide} Baseline
with step 3. Otherwise, use the Datasets menu (Figure 5) to show all of the datasets in this
library. Select the dataset * * Quick Start Guide Example -> Baseline. After you make this
selection, the screen should appear much like Figure 3.
Figure 5. Use the Datasets menu to find the Quick Start Guide Example.
Alert
If you or someone else has been using the CarSim database, there is a
small chance that the Quick Start Guide Baseline dataset does not exist.
In this unlikely case, follow the instructions in the first two sections in
the next chapter to make a database with this Baseline example (these are
sections Make a New Database and Run a Simulation, starting on page
17). Then return here to follow the steps for viewing simulation results.
Chapter 2
4.
Figure 6. Right-click and hold for information about a button or other control.
Note
5.
The right mouse button is used throughout CarSim to obtain tool tips.
Right-click and hold on buttons, fields, and various control objects to
obtain short summaries of their functions.
Click the Help button. This launches the Adobe Reader program with a PDF documentation
file for the current screen (Figure 7).
Chapter 2
example, Figure 7 shows the bookmarks for the Run Control Screen
document
. Click on a topic such as Results (Post Processing)
to
jump to that section of the document.
After you have gone through this tutorial, you can return to the documentation for the Run
Control screen. For now, close the PDF window.
Review You have adjusted the appearance of the CarSim window and gone to a
dataset that you will use in this tutorial. You have seen built-in help
available by right-clicking, typing F1, using the Help button, and using
the Help menu.
Chapter 2
The middle column has controls for running the math models. Later on, you will use the button
here to perform new simulations.
The right column, titled Results (Post Processing), provides access to tools you will start using
in the next section to evaluate the simulation run.
Right-click on the Animate button on the CarSim Run Control screen for the button tool
tip. Then click the Animate button. VS Visualizer (the animation tool in CarSim) will show
an animation of the run (Figure 9).
VS Visualizer combines the results of a simulated test with a simulated video camera. Click
and hold mouse buttons in the animation display region and use simple sweeping motions to
move the simulated camera:
a. Sweep (left, right, up, down) while pressing the right mouse button to circle around
the vehicle.
b. Sweep up and down while pressing both the left and right mouse buttons to move the
camera closer or further away from the vehicle. (If you have a middle mouse button,
you can press this to accomplish the same thing.)
c. Press the shift key while pressing the right mouse button in the viewing area; sweep
in any direction to drag the viewing area. This changes the aim of the camera. Once
Chapter 2
you move the mouse, a view of the current axis directions appears with a box at the
center of the viewing area (Figure 10).
Figure 10. View of the axes origin and direction when shift-dragging.
d. Go to the Help menu and select the item Help with mouse/keyboard controls or
press the F1 key. This brings up a window showing all of the controls affecting the
camera (Figure 11). Close the window after reviewing the contents.
10
or pressing
Chapter 2
d. When the animator is paused, use the or keys to move the slider forward or
backward in the animation (this accomplishes a very slow motion).
4.
The playback speed is normally real-time. However, you can control the speed interactively
with additional time controls. Right-click on the bottom part of the screen for a drop-down
list of controls (
in Figure 12) or use the View menu to show the Time Multiplier
controls. The figure shows the bottom of the window with the time multiplier visible.
a. Move the time multiplier slider
left and right to adjust the time scale (shown in
the field
). This ranges from fast-forward (far right) to fast-reverse (far left) to
slow motion (middle of the scale). If your mouse has the middle scroll wheel, this
will also work.
b. Move the jog/shuttle slider
left and right to temporarily adjust the speed. When
you release the control, the animation goes back to current time scale setting .
c. Restore the speed to 1x (real time)
5.
VS Visualizer normally renders scenes with 3D objects whose shapes are defined by sets of
polygons. To see the polygon edges, left-click anywhere in the 3D view to make it active,
then type Ctrl+W repeatedly to cycle through several viewing modes (Figure 13).
6.
Exit VS Visualizer by clicking the X button in the upper-right corner of the window or by
typing Alt+F4. You should once again be viewing the CarSim Run Control screen (it may
have been hidden in the background).
Review You have now gone through the main interactive controls for using VS
Visualizer. The following sections assume you are comfortable
manipulating the view and working with VS Visualizer. For more
complete reference information, use the CarSim Help menu and select
the VS Visualizer reference manual from the Reference Manuals
submenu.
11
Chapter 2
View Plots
Although VS Visualizer offers a quick way to see a simulated test, the plotter is the tool most
frequently used to study the vehicle behavior. The plotter in CarSim is called WinEP (Windows
Engineering Plotter).
1.
From the same Run Control screen, click the Plot button. In a few seconds, the WinEP
window will appear showing plots for variables of interest for the double lane-change
procedure (Figure 14).
2.
If this is the first time the plotter has been run on this computer, make some optional
adjustments for better viewing.
3.
a.
Check to see if the toolbar is visible (Figure 15). If the toolbar is not visible, show it
using the View menu.
b.
If the plot window is small, enlarge by double-clicking the title bar or clicking the
zoom box in the upper-right corner of the window, then click a tile button
, or
select a Tile option from the Window menu. After you exit the plotter, it will open in
the new layout the next time.
Each individual sub-window can be moved or re-sized as desired. Zoom in on any of the
plot windows by double clicking in the title. For example, expand the first plot: Lateral
Tracking vs. Station (Figure 16).
12
Chapter 2
13
Chapter 2
Press the Page-Down key to cycle through the open plots. Other options for controlling and
navigating among the windows are provided under the Window menu.
This example has nine plots; all are useful in evaluating the performance of the vehicle.
Look briefly at each. Later in this guide, you will see that hundreds of variables are
produced by the CarSim math models and can be easily plotted.
4.
To view a portion of any plot in more detail, click and hold the left mouse button in the plot
area and drag to create a rectangle. When you release the button, the plot will be re-drawn to
show the region you selected.
5.
To restore the original scaling, type Ctrl+R (a shortcut for the Format menu item Redraw
Original Scale). Alternatively, click the toolbar button
.
6.
The plotter can show the numerical X and Y values for any point in any plot.
a. Type Ctrl+D (a shortcut for the Data menu item Show Data Points), or, click the
toolbar button
. A cross-hair cursor appears on the first point in the first plot in the
active window.
Note
The cross-hair cursor is initially at the left edge of the plot area (the X-Y
axis origin). Because it lines up with the vertical and horizontal axes, it is
hard to see until it has been moved.
The values of the X and Y variables are shown in the status bar (the strip at the
bottom of the window) .
The cursor position
is controlled by key presses or by selecting an item from the
Data menu (under the sub-menu Cursor Position Info). Although the menu is
functional, it is mainly used as a form of built-in documentation for reminding you
which keys can be used to control the cursor.
b. Move the cursor to the right using the key. Move it more quickly using the Shift
key and key together (Shift+). Move it even more quickly using Ctrl+Shift+.
To move to the left, use , Shift+, and Ctrl+Shift+. There are also buttons in
the toolbar for moving the cursor in several increments:
c. To move the cursor to a different pair of variables in the same plot (assuming the plot
has an overlay of two or more sets of data), hit the Tab key, or click the toolbar
button
.
d. Use the Home and End keys to jump to the beginning and end of the plot. Or, use the
toolbar buttons
and
.
e. Use the - and keys to jump to the maximum and minimum values. Or, use the
toolbar buttons
and
.
14
Chapter 2
Figure 17. View button in the lower-right corner of the CarSim Run Control screen.
1.
next to the View button and select the first item Echo file with
Use the drop-down list
initial conditions
. Then click the View button
to display the file in a text editor
(Figure 18).
2.
Scroll through this Echo file in the editor. Note that it is organized into several sections,
going from top to bottom:
a. The top of the file has System Parameters that exist in any CarSim model. These
include the time step, start time, stop time, etc. The format of the file is described in
the reference manual for VS Commands and the VS Solver Programs, accessed from
the Help menu. The parameters are listed in alphabetical order.
b. The next section has Model Parameters (dimensions, masses, coefficients, etc.).
15
Chapter 2
16
If CarSim is still running, then select the File menu item New Database from a
Consolidated Parsfile (this is the second item from the top), and proceed to step 2.
If CarSim is not running, start it by using the Start menu shortcut: Programs->CarSim 8.2
->CarSim or by double-clicking a CarSim icon on your desktop.
When CarSim starts, it brings up the dialog box you saw before (in Chapter 2) to select a
database (Figure 19). This time, you will not use an existing database. Instead, click the
and proceed to step 2.
button to create a new database
Figure 19: Create a new database for use with this Quick Start Guide.
2.
A window will pop up describing the next steps to be taken to create a new database from
the consolidated parsfile. Read the message and click Continue. You will then be given the
Windows file browser to locate a consolidated parsfile (extension CPAR, Figure 20). Locate
the file for this quick start guide: CarSim82_Quick_Start.cpar and click the Load
button to continue.
Note
As noted in the Introduction, this file is located in the same folder that
has the CarSim programs. See page 3 for tips on finding this file if you
dont know where it is.
17
Chapter 3
The Windows file browser will be shown again, prompting you make an empty folder for a
new CarSim database (Figure 21). To do this:
18
Chapter 3
c. The new folder will be highlighted with a name such as New Folder. While it is
highlighted, you can type a new name. Give it a suitable name, such as
CarSim_Data_QS
. Warning: at this point, be careful not to click the New
Folder button again, or press the Enter key with the New Folder button selected (you
dont want to create a second new folder!). Carefully click the OK button
to
continue.
A terminal window will pop up briefly listing files that are being copied. It will quickly
disappear.
Alert
Figure 23. Appearance of CarSim Run Control Screen when first created from the CPAR file.
Notice that the Animate and Plot buttons are dimmed. This is because the simulation output
files are not included in the CPAR file that you used to create this new database. Until you
run a simulation, there are no results to view. Also, notice that the Run Math Model button
19
Chapter 3
is dimmed. This is because the dataset is locked. (All datasets in a new database are always
initially locked.)
Review You have just gone through the steps needed to create a clean database
with only the data needed for the instructions that follow in this Quick
Start Guide.
The steps you have just taken for creating a new database are useful for
creating a clean database when starting a major new project; it is not
necessary to repeat these steps for everyday use of CarSim.
Run a Simulation
You should still be viewing the locked CarSim Run Control screen for the single example
simulation in your new database (Figure 23).
1.
3.
Click the Run Math Model button to make your first run. A status bar appears to show the
progress of the run (Figure 25). The CarSim math model runs significantly faster than real
time, so this will take just a few seconds.
When the run is complete, the progress bar disappears (Figure 26). Now that there are
simulation results to view, the Animate
and Plot
buttons are active. (If these buttons
are still dimmed, click the refresh button .)
3.
Click the Animate button to confirm that the simulation operated as intended. Close VS
Visualizer when done.
20
Chapter 3
Figure 25. Progress bar that is displayed when the math model is running.
Figure 26. The Animate and Plot buttons are active after a run is made.
Review You have just made your first simulation run in CarSim from the Run
Control screen. You will make many more the fun is just getting
started!
The menu bar and tool bar will be covered with a window that prompts you to enter a title
for the new dataset (Figure 27). Enter a new name in the title field: My New Test
. Click
the Set button
to set the new name. The new screen display is nearly identical to the
previous one. Initially the main difference is that the CarSim window has the new name in
the title ( , Figure 28). You will now make additional changes as shown in Figure 28.
21
Chapter 3
Figure 28. The new Run Control dataset (after the speed is set).
2.
3.
4.
Use the drop-down control for choosing a method for controlling vehicle speed and select
the option Constant target speed
. A yellow field appears next to the control
. Enter
the value 150.
Note
The blue link to a procedure dataset has a title that implies the test speed
is 120 km/h . Because the override controls appear in the dataset after
the blue link, this speed will override the value specified in the linked
dataset. This section of the Run Control screen provides convenient
controls to temporarily modify a procedure without permanently
changing it.
22
Chapter 3
5.
6.
Click the Run Math Model button. As before, a status bar shows the progress of the run.
7.
When the run is complete, the Animate and Plot buttons should become active. However, if
they remain dimmed, click the Refresh button
. Click the Animate button to view the
new simulated behavior with VS Visualizer. After viewing the results, close VS Visualizer.
8.
On the lower-right corner of the screen, right-click the checkbox Overlay animations and
(Figure 29) to read the tool tip, and then check the box. When
plots with other runs
checked, results of multiple runs can be overlaid; potential links appear for selecting runs to
overlay.
Figure 30. Screen appearance when set to overlay results with the Baseline run.
10. Next to the Animate button, right-click the checkbox Set run color
(Figure 31). The
tool tip indicates the vehicle color can be set here; check the box to reveal a color selector
.
11. Press the color selector button
yellow .
23
Chapter 3
The new color affects the display in VS Visualizer. It does not affect
images in the CarSim GUI; for example, the image shown at the bottom
of the screen (Figure 30) will not change. The image on the Run Control
screen matches an image associated with the vehicle dataset contained
elsewhere in the database that uses the default color of the 3D object.
12. Click the Animate button to view both runs in VS Visualizer (Figure 33). After viewing the
results, close VS Visualizer.
13. Use the Datasets menu
24
Chapter 3
Figure 34. Use the Datasets menu to return to the Baseline dataset.
Review In this chapter you created a new database for running through the
instructions in this Quick Start Guide. You ran simulations with two
vehicle speeds and overlaid results in VS Visualizer.
The method used in this section of setting test conditions from the Run
Control screen is often used to make quick variations of existing test
procedures. Later on, you will go into the procedure part of the
database to modify the procedure so it can be applied automatically to
future runs.
25
Links for datasets are shown in CarSim with hypertext labels with blue backgrounds.
a.
Hover the mouse over the blue link for the vehicle
underlined, as done on many web pages.
b.
Click on the underlined text to view the linked dataset in the CarSim window. After
clicking on the vehicle link, you should see the Vehicle: Assembly dataset in the
window (Figure 36). The vehicle used for the baseline run is named C-Class,
Hatchback 2012.
Note
The Quick Start database initially contains this single vehicle description.
It is possible to make many runs involving this vehicle. It is also possible
to modify the vehicle properties. However, this Vehicle Assembly
dataset is already shared with two existing simulation runs, so if the
vehicle is modified and the existing simulations are re-run, then different
results will be obtained because the vehicle has been changed.
26
Chapter 4
Select the File menu item New Dataset Plus All Linked Datasets (Figure 37). You will be
prompted to specify a category for new datasets that are about to be created (Figure 38).
Enter Modification #1 as shown, and then click the New datasets button. A pop-up
window will appear while CarSim is working; when the datasets are all copied another popup window will report how many datasets were duplicated (Figure 39).
27
Chapter 4
Figure 39. Result after new datasets were created and added to the database.
4.
The duplicated Vehicle Assembly screen has the same notes and blue links, but there are
changes in appearance (Figure 40):
c. If you right-click on any of the blue links, the tool tip indicates that the category of the
linked dataset is Modification #1 .
28
Chapter 4
The duplicated sprung mass screen has the new category name Modification #1
Right click on one of the two data fields showing the height of the rear wheel centers above
to view information about this
the origin of the sprung mass coordinate system
parameter. Change the values for both heights for the rear wheels to 100. This change
means the wheels are lowered relative to the sprung mass. Or, from the point of view of the
wheels, the sprung mass will be lifted at the rear axle.
Notice that the Undo button is now active
. Thats because youve modified the new
sprung-mass dataset. Click the Undo button (or type the Windows shortcut: Ctrl+Z) and see
the changes revert. When there are no more changes to undo, the button is dimmed again.
Once youve clicked Undo, the Redo button becomes active . Click Redo to restore your
changes (or use the shortcut Ctrl+Y). After youve restored all changes by repeated clicking
of the Redo button, it will be dimmed again as shown in the figure.
6.
29
Chapter 4
Figure 42. Choose the new vehicle for the Modified Vehicle simulation.
Note
7.
The Run Control dataset is still linked to the original vehicle. The New
Dataset Plus All Linked Datasets creates new datasets, but does not
modify any existing datasets. Links to the original dataset remain intact
until modified manually, as you will do in the next step.
Press the mouse button on the drop-down control adjacent to the blue link for the vehicle
. CarSim shows a menu of all of the datasets in the linked library (the Vehicle
Assembly library). Choose the vehicle from the category submenu Modification #1.
You have now changed the vehicle associated with this simulation setup from the original
baseline to the vehicle with the modified sprung mass properties.
Note
8.
You might notice that the image of the vehicle on the bottom of the Run
Control screen has disappeared. This is because the image on the
Vehicle Assembly screen was replaced with a generic vehicle icon
(Figure 40) when the vehicle and all linked datasets were duplicated. The
process of restoring the image is not complicated and is described in the
VS Browser (GUI and Database) reference manual, available from the
Help menu.
Click the Run Math Model button to run the simulation with the new vehicle.
10. Click the Animate button to view the results (Figure 43). Right-click and drag horizontally
to see the side view of the vehicle, and confirm that the changes made to the wheel locations
relative to the sprung mass took effect. Close VS Visualizer.
11. Compare the motions of the modified vehicle to those of the original.
30
Chapter 4
Check the box Overlay animations and plots with other runs
(Figure 44).
Figure 44. Controls for overlaying simulation results from multiple runs.
b. Use the drop-down control
c. Click the Animate button to view the simulation results from the two tests. When
finished, close VS Visualizer.
d. Click the Plot button to view plots of some variables of interest. For example, look at
the plot of roll angle (Figure 45). As you might expect, raising the sprung mass results in
the vehicle rolling a little bit more during the maneuver.
When finished, close WinEP.
31
Chapter 4
Figure 45. Effect of raising the sprung mass on vehicle roll during the double lane change.
12. Compare the text Echo files for the two runs.
a. If necessary, use the drop-down control
conditions.
b. Click the View button
c. With the text editor showing the Echo file, find the CarSim window (it might be behind
the text editor window).
d. Click on the blue link for Baseline. You should now view the Run Control dataset for
this run.
e. Use the View button and adjacent drop-down control to view the Echo file for this Run
Control example, as well. The text editor should be showing the Echo file for Baseline,
with a tab to access the other file (Figure 46).
32
Chapter 4
Figure 46. Using the ConTEXT text editor to view Echo files.
f.
Select the Tools menu item Compare. This brings up a dialog box (Figure 47). Use the
and
) and then click
controls to set each file name to the two files that are open (
the Compare button
. This displays a comparison window with differences in the
files highlighted in yellow (Figure 48).
33
Chapter 4
34
Chapter 4
Figure 49. Simulation runs are assembled from datasets selected from libraries.
In the previous section, you navigated between three screens and compared the text files
generated for the simulation run named Baseline and the one named Modified Vehicle #1. In this
section, you will learn about more navigation tools to quickly view any vehicle components of
interest that are used in a simulated test.
1.
(Figure 50).
The five buttons at the far left of the button bar all involve navigation. Right-click on each to
see the tool tip.
a.
The Forward
button undoes the most recent Back action. To test this, click Back
and then click Forward
to return to the view shown in the figure.
b.
Click Previous
to return.
to change datasets in the Run Control library, and then click Next
35
Chapter 4
c.
3.
The Go To menu
(Figure 51) has commands that duplicate the functions of the Back,
Forward, Previous, and Next buttons. Most commands have keyboard shortcuts for the
commands involving the PgUp and PgDown keys that you can use to quickly view recent
datasets. The menu also has a submenu showing the recently viewed datasets
. For
example, a vehicle sprung mass dataset should be on the menu; select it. After confirming
that the view has changed, return by clicking the Home button .
The Libraries menu lists all libraries in CarSim (over 200). If you select one, it goes to that
library and shows the most recently viewed dataset. This first one is Home: CarSim Run
Control with a keyword shortcut of Ctrl+H.
5.
The lower part of the sidebar contains a linked data viewer that typically shows the most
recently viewed dataset from the Home: CarSim Run Control library and all of the data
links that are used for that dataset (Figure 52). The area used by the viewer is adjustable.
Figure 52. The CarSim Run Control screen with the Linked Data sidebar.
a.
Adjust the split between the notes and the link viewer with the horizontal double line
(click and drag).
b.
Adjust the width of the sidebar with the vertical double line between the sidebar and
dataset part of the window .
36
Chapter 4
6.
The figure uses red marks to show the connection between the CarSim Run Control dataset
name
and the first item in the viewer
. Blue marks show the connection between the
vehicle link
and the name of the dataset in the viewer
.
The dataset that is currently in view is shown in bold in the link viewer. In this case, it is
CarSim Run Control: Modified Vehicle #1 .
7.
Notice that the map in the sidebar shows four tire dataset links, as would be expected for a
and , Figure 53). However, the main window has only a single
four-wheeled vehicle (
link to a tire dataset . The tire dataset is used four times in different locations, as specified
with the drop-down control .
37
Chapter 4
The database design in CarSim lets you build the virtual vehicle with parts represented by
datasets. The same dataset can be used repeatedly in different contexts. Click on the blue
link for the tire
to view the tire dataset (Figure 54).
Notice that the linked dataset viewer shows all four references to this dataset
and ), confirming that it is used four times in the simulation.
in bold (
The linked dataset viewer not only shows information, but also provides quick access to any
visible dataset. Double click on the name of a dataset to bring it into view. For example,
to bring it into view again.
double-click on the CarSim Run Control item
Review You have seen the major tools in CarSim for navigating through the
database. The Datasets menu lists all of the datasets in the current
library; the Libraries menu lists all of libraries in CarSim; the Go To
menu has commands allowing you to browse different libraries or
datasets; buttons in the upper-left part of the window offer one-click
alternatives to the menus.
The linked dataset viewer in the bottom part of the sidebar shows a
map of all datasets connected to a run; double-click on any one of them
to quickly view the dataset of interest.
38
Chapter 4
you will make a third vehicle with two more modified parameters. Because only minor changes
will be made, you will use a much more efficient method to create the new vehicle description.
You should now be viewing the CarSim Run Control dataset named Modified Vehicle #1.
1.
Click the Duplicate button and set the name of the new dataset to Modified Vehicle
#2. (This name should be generated automatically, given that the name of the dataset being
duplicated was Modified Vehicle #1.)
2.
Press the mouse button on the drop-down control adjacent to the blue link for the vehicle
(Figure 55). This time, choose the first item on the menu: [Copy and Link Dataset]
.
You will be prompted to give a name for the new dataset (Figure 56). Change the Category
name to Modification #2 ), define the title as Modified Vehicle #2
, and
click the button Copy and Link .
39
Chapter 4
Figure 57. Copy and Link to make a new Vehicle Sprung Mass dataset.
4.
Press the mouse button on the drop-down control adjacent to the blue link for the vehicle
and choose the first item on the menu: [Copy and Link Dataset].
(Rigid) sprung mass
When prompted, set the category to Modification #2 and the title to Modified
Sprung Mass #2, and click the Copy and Link button to finish. You should see the
change to match the name you entered:
name of the linked sprung mass dataset
Modified Sprung Mass #2.
5.
6.
Edit the wheel center heights for the front wheels to 100
7.
The linked dataset viewer shows the datasets referenced for the run named Modified
Vehicle #2
. It shows that the Vehicle Assembly dataset associated with this run is also
named Modified Vehicle #2
. Click the + button preceding the vehicle dataset to
expand the view to show all datasets linked to the Vehicle Assembly screen. The Sprung
Mass dataset currently in view should appear in bold
. (If not, click the viewer Refresh
button .)
In this section of the Quick Start Guide, you have created three new datasets: the new run
, the new vehicle assembly
, and the new sprung mass
. All other properties of the
vehicle are represented with the same datasets that are shared with the modified duplicate
vehicle, Modified Vehicle #1, that was created in the previous section.
Go to the Run Control dataset by double-clicking its name in the dataset viewer
8.
40
Chapter 4
Change the run color to green and then click the Animate button to compare the modified
vehicle to the baseline (Figure 59). VS Visualizer should show that the green vehicle is lifted
at both axles. Close VS Visualizer when you are done.
Figure 59. View of vehicle lifted at both axles (green) overlaid with the baseline (blue).
41
Chapter 4
10. Update the notes for this run to describe the change made to the vehicle (Figure 60).
42
5. Managing Data
CarSim keeps vehicle and simulation data organized into libraries of dataset files. In the previous
chapters, you have worked mainly in a small database that you created following the instructions
in this guide. You created new datasets by copying existing ones and making small modifications.
In this chapter, you will look at some more kinds of data in CarSim. You will start by creating a
new dataset from scratch. You will see how to copy datasets from one database to another,
working with more examples from the database installed with CarSim. You will then explore the
CarSim database to see the types of vehicles and test maneuvers that are available as examples.
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2.
3.
Press the mouse button on the drop-down control adjacent to the plot link
. Choose the
second item on the menu: [Link to New Dataset]. You will be prompted to give a name for
the new dataset (Figure 62). Leave the category blank
, set the title to Suspension
Jounce , and click the button Create and Link . The link is now blue and shows the
title for the newly created dataset.
Press the mouse button on the drop-down control adjacent to an unused data link for an
example run
. A menu is shown that includes all of the simulation runs in this database
(there should now be four). Choose any one, e.g., Baseline. After the run is selected
(Figure 64), a blue link appears for the selected run
and information is shown below to
help browse for variables names.
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Chapter 5
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5.
a.
For the X axis, the default variable is Time, which is the first one listed . Make sure
it is selected. This is so easy to find that you do not have to use the drop-down controls
( and ).
b.
c.
At the bottom of the list of compression variables there are four names: Jnc_L1,
Jnc_L2, Jnc_R1, and Jnc_R2
. For more information, right click and hold while
one of these is selected (Figure 65).
d.
These are the variables we want to plot. Double click on each one; they should then
appear in the yellow field listing variables to plot
(Figure 64).
Click the Back button or Home button to return to the CarSim Run Control screen.
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Chapter 5
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Click the Plot button. The plotter shows time histories of the jounce variables from the
original vehicle and the variant called Modified Vehicle #2 (Figure 66). Two things to notice
from these plots are:
Figure 66. Newly defined plot for suspension jounce at each wheel.
a.
The jounce variables from the modified vehicle cover a wider range. This is to be
expected because the modified vehicle sprung mass was lifted and had more roll angle.
b.
The jounce variables start at zero for all wheels for both vehicles. The heights of the
wheel centers shown on the sprung mass screen define the relationships between the
wheel-center height and the sprung mass in the design configuration, which is usually
where jounce is defined as zero. Even though the variant (Modified Vehicle #2) is
lifted, the assumption is that this is the design, so the initial jounce is zero.
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Use the Show more plots control to set the number of more plots back to zero
2.
Figure 68. Add a plot definition to the dataset for the double lane change procedure.
This screen has driver controls, simulation start and stop conditions, road and potentially
other environmental settings, as well as plot definitions associated with the procedure.
Notice that the speed of 120 km/h used in the baseline procedure is set here .
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Chapter 5
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3.
Unlock the dataset, then press the mouse button on the drop-down control adjacent to an
unused data link for a plot
to view a menu of available plot datasets. Choose the dataset
you created: Suspension Jounce . The link should be blue after you make this selection.
4.
5.
Navigate from the run named Modified Vehicle #2 to the run named Baseline (use the
Datasets menu).
6.
Click the Plot button. You should see one more plot than has been available on previous
occasions where you viewed plots for this run (Figure 69). View the Suspension Jounce plot
to confirm that it shows the four jounce variables. After viewing, close WinEP.
Figure 69. Confirm that there is one more plot associated with this procedure.
Show the CarSim File menu (Figure 70). Near the bottom is a submenu named Recent
Databases. It will show your Quick Start database dimmed, followed by any other databases
that have been used recently with the current version of CarSim. Select the database that was
installed with CarSim (e.g., CarSim82_Data).
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Chapter 5
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2.
CarSim will show a dialog box with options to open a new window for the second database,
or to use the same window. Click the New Window button.
You should now have two CarSim windows open (Figure 72). They can be distinguished by
the window titles, which always begin with the database name.
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Chapter 5
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Figure 73. CarSim icons in the task bar or task switcher specify the associated database names.
4.
For now, minimize the CarSim window for your Quick Start database (Figure 74).
Figure 74. Minimize the CarSim window for your Quick Start database.
5.
Click the Lib Tool button in the remaining CarSim window (this should be the window for
the main database that was installed with CarSim, Figure 75).
This brings up the Library Tool window (Figure 76). Press the Library selector control
to
browse to the Plot Setup library. There are too many libraries in CarSim to show in a simple
drop-down list, so a scrollable list is shown (Figure 77). Scroll as needed and select the
library named Plot Setup , then click the OK button .
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Chapter 5
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The Library Tool window is now set up to show datasets from the Plot Setup library
(Figure 78). Categories of Plot Setup datasets are shown . Initially, datasets in one of the
categories are listed in the Datasets box
and the Selected Datasets box
is empty.
a.
b.
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Chapter 5
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Figure 78. The Library Tool window, showing dataset from the Plot Setup library.
Figure 79. Specify the name and location for the exported CPAR file.
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Chapter 5
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CarSim will show a progress window for a few seconds and then a Result window
when the export is complete.
c.
(Figure 78).
8.
Minimize the CarSim window for the full database (e.g., CarSim82_Data).
9.
Use the Windows task bar or type Alt+Tab as needed to bring the CarSim window into view
that is associated with your Quick Start database (see Figure 73, page 50).
10. Select the File menu item Import Parsfile (Any Export Type) (see Figure 70, page 49).
CarSim will prompt you to specify a file with a file browser; select the CPAR file you
created in step 7.
Next, CarSim will prompt you with two questions about datasets that might be duplicated.
The first involves support files such as animator shapes and sound files (Figure 80).
Respond by clicking the button Do not overwrite.
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Chapter 5
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Each plot setup file has at least one support file that specifies the plot
format. It might also have a support file involving data transformations.
Most plot setup files share the same support files and therefore the
support files dont need to be imported repeatedly. Thats why the
message indicates that many datasets were skipped.
11. Go to the Procedures dataset (click on the blue link from the Run Control screen).
12. Press the mouse button on the drop-down control adjacent to an unused plot link
(Figure
83) to see all of the plot options that have been imported. Choose one (e.g., Spring Force
, from the Category submenu Suspension Forces and Moments ).
Figure 83. Choose among the many plot datasets that were imported.
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Chapter 5
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13. Return to the Home screen and click the Plot button to view the new plots. There should be
a plot showing time histories of the four spring forces (or variables specified by whatever
plot setups you added in step 12).
Close WinEP when you are done.
Review You now have two CarSim windows available, each showing a
separate database. You have seen how to transfer data from one to the
other.
Figure 84. The Procedure screen has a link to a Steering: Driver path follower dataset.
2.
Click on the blue link for a Steering: Driver path follower dataset named Double Lane
Change (Quick Start) . This will bring the path follower dataset into view (Figure 85).
This screen shows a configurable function in which a lateral offset is calculated as a function
of station (longitudinal distance along a path). This information is given in several places:
axis labels for a graphic plot
; the caption above the table of numbers
; and text under
the plot that gives information about identifying data for the function in Echo files .
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Chapter 5
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Figure 85. The target path for the driver model is defined by a table of numbers.
The dataset shown in the figure specifies that the dependent variable (Lateral offset) is
calculated from a table of numbers
using linear interpolation with flat-line extrapolation
. A plot shows the relationship between the two variables .
3.
Unlock the dataset. Click the drop-down control that specifies the function type
to see
the available function types. Change the function type to Constant to see how the screen
changes. Repeat for each of the other types.
When you are through viewing the function type options, click the Undo button
repeatedly until it is dimmed, indicating that the dataset has been restored to its original
state.
4.
Use the Libraries menu to go to the Powertrain: Engine library. This name is part of the
submenu Powertrain. The Powertrain: Engine screen (Figure 86) shows a configurable
function in which an output (engine torque) is calculated from two known variables (engine
speed and throttle position). In this case, the calculation method is specified as 2D linear
interpolation and extrapolation
and the table includes
. Multiple plots are shown
multiple columns, each associated with a different value of throttle position
. To help
adjust the view for the table, a vertical splitter control
can be moved horizontally.
4.
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Chapter 5
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57
Chapter 5
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2.
Use the Windows task bar or type Alt+Tab as needed to bring the CarSim window into view
that is associated with your full CarSim database.
3.
Use the Libraries menu (Figure 88) to go to the Vehicle: Loaded Condition screen.
With the Vehicle: Loaded Condition screen in view, use the Datasets menu to go to
category Utility Truck and dataset Utility Truck w/Barrels (Figure 89).
The Vehicle: Loaded Condition screen is used to combine motor vehicles with trailers,
payloads, sensor packages, and other datasets that you might use to define a vehicle
condition. For example, Figure 89 shows a utility truck
with three payloads
. The
screen has links for miscellaneous datasets that can also be associated with the vehicle .
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Chapter 5
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You can view a simulation run involving this vehicle combination. To do this, use the Tools
menu and choose the option Find All References to This Dataset (Figure 90). CarSim will
search the current database, and if any other datasets link to the current one, they are listed
in a pop-up window named Dataset References (Figure 91). Double-click on the name of a
dataset to view it.
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Chapter 5
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6.
Click the Animate button to view the simulation results involving this vehicle. Close VS
Visualizer when you are done.
If it is not in view, go to the CarSim Run Control screen by clicking the Home button or
typing Ctrl+H.
2.
Browse through the simulation runs using the Datasets menu and/or the buttons and PgUp
and PgDown keys. Use the Animate and Plot buttons to view existing results for simulation
conditions that you find interesting.
3.
Alternatively, you can browse through the vehicle libraries to find vehicles of interest and
then use the Tools menu command Find All References to This Dataset to locate runs
involving that vehicle, just as you did in the previous section. You might also browse
through the Procedures library to find test scenarios of interest and then use the Tools menu
to locate runs involving the test of interest.
Review You have almost completed the hands-on part of this guide for using
the software. The concluding chapter has just a little more, this time
involving more documentation that is included in CarSim.
60
Figure 92. Information available from the Help menu and View button.
All of the documentation has been indexed to provide a rapid search capability. The second item
on the Help menu is Search Help. Select this item to bring up a search window (Figure 93) from
your installed PDF browser (typically Adobe Reader). In the figure, the index file is identified as
CarSim_Help.pdx
and the example search phrase is tire models
. Click the Search
button
to bring up all occurrences of the phrase (Figure 94), and click on any of the results to
view that occurrence in your PDF reader.
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Chapter 6
Figure 93. The Search window for PDF files (access with the Help menu item Search Help).
62
Chapter 6
Figure 95. View button in the lower-right corner of the CarSim Run Control screen.
1.
2.
Use the search feature in the text editor to search for Jnc_. (Use the Edit menu item Find
or type Ctrl-F to bring up the search dialog box.) You should find the variables that you
located in the CarSim Plot Setup screen to create a new custom plot (Chapter 5).
Close the text editor when youre done.
63
Chapter 6
Figure 96. Text file listing all output variables available from a math model.
64
Chapter 6
3.
If you have Excel or another spreadsheet program on your computer, use the drop-down list
next to the View button (Figure 95) to select the item Outputs from math model
(Excel), then click View . The same information shown before in a text file is now shown
in a spreadsheet. The original sequence is in alphabetical order, as with the text version.
However, the spreadsheet includes other labels such as component, units, and type, and can
be sorted using any of those alternate labels.
For example, Figure 97 shows the names of the output variables sorted by component. The
figure shows how all variables related to suspension are grouped together, making it easier
to find the names of all suspension-related variables available for plotting.
Close the spreadsheet when you are done.
Figure 97. Spreadsheet showing output variables available from a math model.
4.
65
Chapter 6
Your email is used on the web site only as a password: it is not saved or
recorded.
It will only work if it is listed in the Mechanical Simulation license
database with your other license information. If it doesnt work, contact
Mechanical
Simulation
by
sending
an
email
to
licensecontrol@carsim.com with your key ID and contact information.
Generally, this email address is initially set for the person who bought
the software.
Once logged in, you will see a user section with backup copies of the software, updates, bug
reports, fixes, and other resources that are added as part of normal maintenance.
66
Chapter 6
2.
If you will be working with Simulink, you should read the tech memo Example:
Running with Simulink.
3. The VS Solver Programs manual (in the Reference Manuals submenu of the Help
menu) gives reference information about the solver programs such as input files, output
files, and basic format rules.
4. Details about the vehicle model are covered in Help documents linked to the relevant data
screens. Depending on your interest and expertise, you can read the documentation
concerning the parts of the vehicle that are of greatest interest to you.
Another option for quickly learning about CarSim and its more advanced features is to take a
training course from Mechanical Simulation. This is highly recommended if you are new to
CarSim. The classes expand upon the material learned in this manual by introducing new
examples and teaching many tips for using the software. Please see www.carsim.com for
details. For example, see www.carsim.com/events/ for upcoming webcasts, or subscribe
to our free newsletter at www.carsim.com/forms/newsletter.php.
67
Mechanical Simulation
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