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HC shift process may require catalysis, depending on the type of coal and ash content.
Indirect hydrogenation uses coal-derived syngas to produce methanol and/or further
conversion of methanol into gasoline.
Coal pyrolysis
Coal gasification
Coal catalytic synthesis.
iii.
iv.
v.
during combustion
Market for clean-burning, coal-based fuel gas in stationary power plants.
Transportable.
Synthetic gaseous fuel via pipelines.
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Environmental Issues
Emission
Coal is one of commodities that contribute high-energy supply and at same time, a source
for emission of:
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
These emission leads to formation of pollutants which are produce acid formation, the
green house effect and global warming. The risk only minimized by new technology
(carbon capture and storage) for coal power plant.
Waste
The coal power plant produces four main type of large waste material:
i.
Fly ash: fine particles of silica glass, which are removed from exhaust plant gases
ii.
iii.
on furnace walls
Boiler slag: molten bottom ash collected at base of slag tap and cyclone type
iv.
furnace that is quenched with water. It consist hard, black, angular particle.
Flue gas desulfurization materials such as gypsum: sludge or powered sulphate
and sulphite produce through a process used to reduce sulphur dioxide emission
from the exhaust gas system of a coal-fired boiler.
There are alternative to reduce waste that hazardous to environment and human health:
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i.
Eradicating the pollutant from process effluents by passing polluted air through a
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
Waste disposal
The disposal of waste is crucial and necessary stringent regulation and legistration. Solid
waste and dewatered sludge are generally tipped on selected site above ground, thrown
into mine cavities or dump in landfill, which is a serious cause for environmental
pollution. For example, the non-volatile inorganic constituents of fuel are left as ash and
contribute to development of corrosive deposits.
Nowadays, these waste materials have transformed to status by product sought for
construction; fly ash for cement and concrete. The fly ash displacement Portland cement
which requires the burning of fossil fuel and decomposition of carbonates. Thus reduce
emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) in atmosphere. While bottom ash is dewatered in bins
in wet disposal (pond or lagoon).
WorksCited