INGL

S
INGLS
UNIDAD 3
LOS TIEMPOS
VERBALES:
FORMAS Y USOS
maria.carrillo@umh.es
Prof. Mara Jos Carrillo Martnez
rverdu@umh.es
Prof. Rosario Verd Dur
Prof. Ana Mara Moll Moll

UNIDAD 8. LOS TIEMPOS

VERBALES: FORMAS Y USOS.

The
The
The
The
The
The
The
The
The
The

present progressive (continuous)

simple present
present perfect
simple past
past continuous
present perfect continuous
past perfect
past perfect continuous
future tenses.
conditional tenses.

PRESENT SIMPLE:

FORMA:
Aff - Sujeto + verbo (forma base) *3 persona singular s / -es
Neg Sujeto + dont / doesnt + verbo (forma base)
Int Do / Does + sujeto + verbo (forma base)?
USOS:
- para expresar verdades o hechos generales
Water boils at 100 degrees
- para expresar hbitos o costumbres
She walks to school every day / On Fridays, I go swimming
EXPRESIONES DE TIEMPO:
- adverbios de frecuencia: always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever,
never que van colocados delante del verbo principal y detrs del verbo to
be
He always walks to work / I am never late for school.
- every day / each year / once a week / daily / in the evening / on + dia
semana en plural
I dont eat fruit at night / My sister plays tennis once a week

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

FORMA:
Aff - Sujeto + am/is/are + verb -ing
Neg Sujeto + am not/isnt/arent + verb ing
Int Am/is/are + sujeto + verb ing ?
USOS:
- para expresar acciones que estn ocurriendo en el momento de hablar.
I am studying hard for my Maths exam.
- para expresar acciones temporales.
She is living in London this year.
- para expresar un plan o una accin fijada que tendr lugar en un futuro
prximo.
His friend is spending a week in Japan.
EXPRESIONES DE TIEMPO: at the moment, this year, at present, now,
tonight, tomorrow, next Saturday
STATIVE VERBS: son verbos que indican un estado en vez de una accin y
se utilizan casi siempre en present simple. Algunos de ellos son: like, dislike,
hate, hope, want, prefer, believe, remember, forget, think, understand,
know, feel, hear, smell, taste, sound, touch, cost, belong
At present I prefer vegetables better than meat.

 FORMA:

PAST SIMPLE

Aff - Sujeto + verbo (pasado ed/irreg form)

Neg Sujeto + didnt + verbo (forma base)
Int Did + sujeto + verbo (forma base)?
USOS:
- para expresar una accin completada en el pasado.
She flew to Boston two days ago.
- para expresar una serie de acciones completadas en el
pasado.
We went to the beach and then we visited the city.
EXPRESIONES DE TIEMPO: yesterday, last week, two days
ago, in 1990, on September 11, then, when
NOTA IMPORTANTE: Los verbos irregulares hay que
estudiarlos de memoria. Una lista de verbos irregulares se
puede encontrar en cualquier pgina web. Hay una en
www.mansioningles.com

PAST CONTINUOUS

FORMA:
Aff - Sujeto + was/were + verb -ing
Neg Sujeto + wasnt/werent + verb ing
Int Was/were + sujeto + verb ing ?
USOS:
- para expresar una accin incompleta en progreso en un momento
especfico del pasado.
At 10 oclock last night, I was writing an e-mail to my friend Rose.
- para expresar una accin en progreso en el pasado, interrumpida
por otra accin.
They were washing the car when it started to rain.
- para expresar dos acciones simultneas en el pasado.
Last year he was teaching English while he was studying at
university.
EXPRESIONES DE TIEMPO: while, when, as, at 9 oclock last night

PRESENT PERFECT
FORMA:
Aff - Sujeto + have/has + verbo (participio ed/irreg form)
Neg Sujeto + havent/hasnt + verbo (participio ed/irreg form)
Int Have/has + sujeto + verbo (participio ed/irreg form)

USOS:
- para expresar una accin que ocurri en el pasado pero afecta al
tiempo presente.
Kevin is happy because he has just passed his driving test / Im
hungry. I havent eaten yet.
- para expresar una accin que empez en el pasado y que contina
hasta el presente.
*He has played tennis for ten years / *They have known her since
she was a child / How long have you studied English?
EXPRESIONES DE TIEMPO: ever, never, just, yet, already, for,
since, recently

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

FORMA:
Aff Suj + have/has + been + verb ing.
Neg Suj + havent/hasnt + been + verb ing.
Int Have/has + suj + been + verb ing?
USO:
- para expresar una accin que empez en el pasado y que
contina en el presente.
I have been working in London for a year.
How long have you been waiting?
- para expresar una accin cuyos resultados son todava
aparentes.
I am tired. I have been driving all night.
EXPRESIONES DE TIEMPO: for a year, since 2002, how
long?, all night, morning, day, week

PAST PERFECT
FORMA:

Aff- Suj + had + verbo (participio ed/irreg form)

Neg- Suj + hadnt +verbo(participioed/irreg form)
Int- Had + suj + verbo (participio ed/irreg form)
USOS:
- para expresar una accin completada que ocurri
antes de otra accin o tiempo en el pasado.
The rain had already stopped before I left.
Before he was 22, he had finished his studies.
EXPRESIONES DE TIEMPO: already, by the time,
after, before

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

FORMA:
Aff- Suj + had + been + verb ing.
Neg- Suj + hadnt + been + verb ing.
Int- Had + suj + been + verb ing?
USOS:
- para expresar una accin continuada que tuvo
lugar antes de otra accin en el pasado.
He had been waiting for ten minutes when she
arrived.
We had been travelling for days when it started
snowing.
EXPRESIONES DE TIEMPO: for hours, since last
April, all morning, when, until, before, by the
time

FUTURE SIMPLE
FORMA
Aff- Suj + will + verbo (forma base).
Neg- Suj + wont + verbo (forma base).
Int- Will + suj + verbo (forma base)?
USOS:
- para hacer predicciones sobre hechos futuros.
She will probably live in London in the future / On 2090
people will travel to the moon on holidays.
- para expresar una decisin repentina, que se toma sobre la
marcha.
There is no meat left, so I will have fish for lunch / Its very
cloudy outside. I think Ill take an umbrella.
EXPRESIONES DE TIEMPO:
next month, tomorrow, in the future, soon, later, in a few
weeks, on the 8th of May

BE GOING TO
FORMA
Aff- Suj + am/is/are + going to + verbo (forma base).
Neg- Suj + am not/isnt/arent+going to + verbo (forma base).
Int- Am/Is/Are + suj + going to + verbo (forma base)?
USOS:
- para expresar intenciones o planes en un futuro prximo.
The newspaper is going to publish the results of the
experiment next year. / Im going to marry John
- para indicar que algo est a punto de ocurrir porque vemos
indicios de ello.
Be careful! The dog is going to bite you / Watch out! You are
going to fall!
EXPRESIONES DE TIEMPO:
next month, tomorrow, soon, later, in an hour, at eleven
oclock, on the 8th of May

CONDITIONAL SIMPLE
FORMA
Aff- Suj + would + verbo (forma base).
Neg- Suj + wouldnt + verbo (forma base).
Int- Would + suj + verbo (forma base)?
USOS:
- en las oraciones condicionales llamadas tipo 2 o
condicional improbable.
If you travelled, you would meet many people / If
she were rich, shed give some money to charity.
Indica que si se cumpliera el contenido de la
oracin improbable expresado en la subordinada,
se realizara la accin de la principal.
EXPRESIONES DE TIEMPO:
If / Unless

CONDITIONAL PERFECT
FORMA
Aff- Suj + would + have + verbo (participio ed/irreg).
Neg- Suj + wouldnt + have + verbo (participio ed/irreg).
Int- Would + suj + have + verbo (participio ed/irreg)?
USOS:
- en las oraciones condicionales llamadas tipo 3 o condicional
imposible.
If you had travelled, you would have met many people / If
she had been rich, shed have given some money to charity.
Indica que es imposible o demasiado tarde para que la
condicin se pudiera cumplir.
EXPRESIONES DE TIEMPO:
If / Unless