BATTEL OF THE BIO (OHANAS GROUP)

1. Genetic variation occurs during

I.
Mitosis
II.
Meiosis
III.
Interphase
IV.
Fertilization
A. I and III
B. II and IV
C. I, II and III
D. I, II, III and IV
2. In the ____________ phase of the cell cycle, each chromosome becomes two
chromatids and DNA replicates.
A. G1
B. G2
C. S
D. M
3. Which of these is NOT true about meiosis?
A. Homologous chromosomes separate during meiosis I to produce two sister
chromatids.
B. Meiosis is a crucial for both sexual and asexual reproduction to produce
offspring.
C. Meiosis is the process that generates gametes with a haploid number of
chromosomes.
D. The process of meiosis produces offspring with genetic variation as a
result of genetic recombination.
E. Meiosis occurs in two stages, namely meiosis I and II
4. Which of the following below is INCORRECT about homologous chromosomes?
A. Homologous chromosomes consists of maternal and paternal
chromosomes
B. Exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes result in
genetic
C. recombination of the offspring during prophase I.
D. Duplicated chromosomes in prophase I appear as homologous
chromosomes
E. Each member of homologous chromosomes is identical to the other which
carries gene for the same trait except for sex chromosomes X and Y.
5. Which of the following is an example of ovoviviparity ?
A. Honeybees lay soft eggs within the hive.
B. Shark hatch from shell-covered fertilized egg within the females body
C. Birds hatch from shell covered fertilized eggs laid within a nest
D. Fetal mammal obtain nourishment from the mother through a placenta
E. Amphibian eggs are released into the water column, where they are may
be fertilized

6. In reproduction of mammals, spiny anteater is example of ?

7. Name of phenomenon where schools of coral reef fish reproduce in the

absence of males ?
8. What are the disadvantages of external reproduction ?
9. What happen when the oocyte is not fertilized ?
10.Explain briefly on spermatogenesis
11.When sperm count is high, Sertoli cell release _________ that acts by
hypothalamus and pitutitary gland to cut the release of GnRH and FSH
12.Spermatogonia is ______
A. A germ cell
B. A diploid cell
C. have flagella
D. are male gametes
E. A and B
13.How slow block of polyspermy occur ?
14.The detection of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Hormone (hCG) can be
made at the ________ week of pregnancy.
15.Differentiate between estrous cycle and menstrous cycle . (Give two)
16.The structure that secrete gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is
__________
17.During fertilization, sperm penetration effects ? (Give two)
18.Characteristics of mature sperm .
19.In mammals, the plasma membrane of the egg is surrounded by protective
layer which is ________ that prevents entry of additional sperm nuclei
20.After childbirth, the first body immune is ________

ANSWER (OHANAS GROUP)

1. B) II and IV

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

C) S phase
B)
D)
B)
Monotremes
Hermaphroditism
1) Large amounts of gametes go unfertilised and wasted 2) Not guaranteed
that sperm will come in contact with eggs 3) Greater chance of dessication of
gametes/zygotes
9. The endomentrium will slough off as menstruation
10.Firstly, spermatogonium remain at the membrane of seminiferous
tubule.Then,FSH causes the spermatogonium to move towards tubule lumen
and enlarge into a primary spermatocyte.The primary spermatocyte
undergoes meiosis I to form 2 haploid secondary spermatocytes.After that,
the secondary spermatocyte will undergo meiosis II and producing 4 haploid
spermatids.
11.Inhibin
12.E) A and B
13.When the sperm binds to egg, cortical granules located beneath the
secondary oocyte plasma membrane, fuse with the secondary oocyte plasma
membrane. The cortical granules release enzyme that harden the zona
pellucida layer. The hardened zona pellucida layer prevents entry of
additional sperm nuclei.
14.Third week
15.Estrous cycle - Reabsorb the endometrium if conception does not occur
during that cycle
-Females are generally only sexually active during the estrous
phase of their cycle
Menstual cycle- Shed the lining of their uterus followed by heavy bleeding
-Sexually active at any time in their cycle even when they
are not about to
Ovulate
16.Hypothalamus
17.1) Trigger the secondary oocyte to complete meiosis II to become ovum and
secondary polar
bodies
2) Triggers a cytoplasmic rearrangement
3) Sharp increase in protein synthesis and metabolic activity general
18. Consist of head, midpiece and flagellum
19. Zona pellucida
20. colustrum