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Plain and Reinforced Concrete -l

Experiment-1

EXPERIMENT-1
Standard Test Method For The Determination Of The Normal Consistency Of
the Hydraulic Cement.
Code: ASTM C 187-04

SCOPE & SlGNIFICANCE


It is used to find out the percentage of water at which the standard consistency is achieved. This
known amount of water is then used in making the cement paste for the other test like:
i. Initial setting time.
ii. Final setting time.
iii. Soundness test.

APPRATUS
Reference Masses and Devices for Determining Mass
VICAT Apparatus
Plunger with 10mm diameter and 50mm length
Glass graduates (200mL or 250mL capacity)
Spatula
Glass plate trowel

RELATED THEORY
CONSISTENCY
The thickness or the viscosity of the cement paste is called consistency.

CEMENT PASTE
The viscous mass obtained by mixing cement with water is known as cement paste.

STANDARD PASTE
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Plain and Reinforced Concrete -l

Experiment-1

It is the cement paste for which the 10mm diameter plunger in a standard VICAT test
Penetrates to such an extent that its distance from the bottom is 5-7mm.

STANDARD/NORMAL CONSISTENCY
It is the thickness or the viscosity of the standard paste and is expressed as the
percentage of weight of water.

VICAT APPRATUS
The Vicat apparatus consists of a frame A (Fig.) bearing a movable rod B, weighing 300g, one
end C, the plunger end, being 10 mm in diameter for a distance of at least 50 mm, and the other
end have a removable needle D, 1 mm in diameter and 50 mm in length. This rod B is reversible,
and can be held in any desired position by a set screw E, and has an adjustable indicator F, which
moves over a scale (graduated in millimeters) attached to the frame A. The paste is held in a rigid
conical ring G, resting on a plane non-absorptive square base plate H, about 100 mm on each
side.

The rod B is made of stainless steel having a hardness of not less than 35 HRC and shall be
straight with the plunger end which is perpendicular to the rod axis. The ring is made of a noncorroding, nonabsorbent material, and have an inside diameter of 70 mm at the base and 60 mm
at the top, and a height of 40 mm. In addition to the above, the Vicat apparatus shall conform to
the following requirements:
Weight of moveable rod

= 300 5 gm

Diameter of the plunger end of the rod = 10 0.05mm


Diameter of the needle

=1

0.05 mm

Inside diameter of the ring at the bottom = 70 3 mm


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Plain and Reinforced Concrete -l


Inside diameter of the ring at the top
Height of the ring

Experiment-1
= 60 13 mm
= 40 3 mm

TEST SPECIFICATIONS:
TEMPERATURE & HUMIDITY
The temperature of the air in the vicinity should be between 20-27.5 C. The temperature of the
mixing water should be 23 2 C.
The relative humidity of the laboratory should not be less than 50%.

AMOUNT OF CEMENT
Amount of cement required for the test according to various specifications are mentioned below.
BS

= 500gm

ASTM = 650gm

MIXING TIME
The cement paste must be properly mixed and placed in the test specimen within a maximum
time of 4 1/4 min from the instant when cement and water were initially brought in contact.

PROCEDURE
Mix 650gm of cement with a measured quantity of water and make a cement paste as per the
standard procedure. Put the cement paste in the ring of the Vicat apparatus and remove the excess
paste with the help of a trowel. Center the paste confined in the ring, resting on the plate, under
the rod B and bring the plunger end C of in contact with the surface of the paste, and tighten the
set-screw E. Then set the movable indicator F to the upper zero mark of the scale, or take an
initial reading, and release the rod immediately. This must not exceed 30 s after completion of
mixing. The apparatus shall be free of all vibrations during the test. The paste of normal
consistency is achieved when the rod settles to a point such that it is 4-7rnm above the bottom
surface in 30 s after being released. Make trial pastes with varying percentages of water until the
normal consistency is obtained; Make each trial with fresh cement.

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Plain and Reinforced Concrete -l

Experiment-1

Observation and Calculations


Sr #

Weight of
Cement

Quantity of
Water
(ml)

W/C Ratio

%age of water by
weight of dry cement

Vicats
Penetration

3
Zero Error: ..

Achieved consistency of Cement: %

COMMENTS

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