Chapter III

Research Methodologies
This chapter contains the methods of research that were used in the
course of the study. These methods are carefully selected out of existing
approach with the optimism to gather all the vital information, which will be
used in the development of the system.
Research Design
The previous study and data that are gathered by the proponents are
used to review the propose system, to identify the problems and to find room
for improvement. The proponents define and analyze solutions for the
requirements

to

be

satisfied.

The researchers used the Research and Development (R and D) as the

primary research design in making the gathered information. Research and
design is an innovative work commenced on a systematic basis in order to
increase stock knowledge and its use to develop new application.
The information to be gathered which maybe in relation to our study
help the researchers track our study. The researchers used a variety of
research methods and data gathering such as interview, internet and library.
Methods of Gathering tools
In the process of gathering necessary data, there are numerous
methods that are used for the analyzing, studying an in-place system. The
members discuss and agree on business needs, project scope, constraints
and system requirements, it ends when the team agree on the key issues and
obtains

managements

authorization

to

continue.

Interview. The interview is a useful tool for gathering data on activities,

attitudes and opinion. Using unstructured techniques, the researchers

communicate to employees, clients and management. The data that are
gathered will be then analyzed, categorized, compared and interpreted.
Questionnaire. Questionnaires that are to be distributed to the respondents
is

another

way

of

gathering

data.

With

the

open-ended

questions,

respondents can freely express their thoughts about the proposed system.
Observation. It is an act of recognizing and noting a fact or occurrence often
involving measurement with instruments. Direct observation is another
important means of gathering information. This tools was used to familiarize
the proponents to the different related systems and the comparison,
strength, restrictions and weakness with hold the system proposed.
Consultation. It will be used to come-up with highly recommended software,
the proponents need to consult people who have better knowledge and to
have other opinions for the progress of the study.
Software Development Methodology
Rapid application development(RAD) is a software development
methodology that uses minimal planning in favor of rapid prototyping. The
planning of the software developed using RAD is interleaved with writing the
software itself. The lack of extensive pre-planning generally allows software to
be written much faster, and makes it easier to change requirements.
The proponents worked hard to widen the process of the methodology
that make best use of. The researchers understand that by following a welldefined methodology can provide users to excellent quality of service for the
solutions varying from creative management design to extremely safe and
easy to use ecommerce solution.

Requirements
planning

User Design

Construction

Cut-over

Figure 3.0
The Rapid Application Development Model
A methodology that is often used by the software developers is the rapid
application development model. It customarily consists of phrases for the
requirements planning, user design, construction and cutover. Each phase is
accomplished in this model one after another with each step feeding into the
next step.

Requirements Planning. This is First phase of the method which combines

elements of the system planning and systems analysis phrases of the System
Development Life Cycle(SDLC) Users managers and IT staff members discuss
and agree on business needs, project scope constraints and system
requirements. It ends when the team agrees on the key issues and obtains
management authorization to continue

User Design. During this phase, users interact with the system analyst and
develop models and prototypes that represent all the systems processes,
Inputs and outputs, the RAD groups typically use a combination of joint
application development and case tools to translate user needs into
networking models. User design is a continuous interactive process that
allows users to understand, Modify and eventually approve a working model
of the system that meets their needs.
Construction. This phase focuses on program application development task
similar to the systems development life cycle (SDCL). in Rad, however, users
continue to participate and can still suggest changes or improvements as the
actual screens or reports are developed. Their tasks are programming and
application development coding, unit integration and system testing.
Cutover. This phase resembles the final tasks in the SDLC implementation
phase, including data conversion testing, change over to the new system and
user training. Compared with traditional methods the entire process is
compressed. As a result, the new system is built, delivered, and placed in
operation much sooner.

Research Locale

The place where the study will be conducted is Don Bosco Technical
Institute of Tarlac it is the first technical school not only in Tarlac but in the
whole Philippines. Now it has a lot of braches/schools nationwide. Don Bosco
Tarlac is still using manual voting system for the Students Council and is open
for future upgrades and researches.

Population and Sample Size

The total population for the study is 25 persons (Administrators and

students) which are directly involved in the use of the developed system.
With these, data that will be gathered from the respondents are reliable and
accurate enough for statistical treatment and analysis.

Table 2.0
Distribution of Respondents

Respondents

No. of Respondents

Administrator

Students

23

Total

25

Table 2.0 shows the proponents and its equivalent number of persons
that were given a survey questionnaire in performing the survey.
Statistical Method. Statistics is one way of getting the informations
organized. To have a general view of the whole scenario of the study,
statistical tool was used. This also includes scaling system, which is used by
the researchers as a technique to monitor the respondents interpretation of
facts.
1. Mean ( M )=
Where:

(X 1+ X 2 X n)
n

n = total number of respondents

F = refers to the number of times that a given number was
chosen
X1 + X2 Xn = represents any numerical rating
2. Weighted Mean
Where:

f (X 1+ X 2 X n)

f ( X 1+ X 2 X n)
n

each

( WM )=

= represents the sum of all means (M) of

criterion
n = the total number of evaluation
Table 3.0
Equivalence of Criteria and its Sub-criteria

Range

Interpretation

4.00 4.99

Excellent

3.00 3.99

Very Satisfactory

2.00 2.99

Satisfactory

1.00 1.99

Good

0.00 0.99

Poor

Table 3.0 shows the scale with its corresponding equivalence of the
computed arithmetic mean of the criteria. The researchers rounded-of the
computed weighted mean value of the criterias and sub-criterias to be able

to

interpret

the

questionnaires.

results.

They

also

used

the

scale

on

the

survey