KTH HLLFASTHETSLRA

SE1025 FEM for engineering applications

SE1025 FEM: Homework assignment 2

Information
The homework assignments are together with the computer workshops a compulsory part of
the course. The assignments should be solved in groups of two or three students. The deadline
of HW1 is Monday, Oct. 13, 6pm. A total of 10 points can be obtained on HW2.
Note! If programs like Maple and Matlab are used to solve the homework assignments,
printout from these program must only be added as an appendix to the solution. Solutions only
consisting of printout from Maple/Matlab will be graded with zero points.
Problem 1. (5 points) Figure 1 to the right shows
simplified one-dimensional model of blade to a gas
turbine. The blade has elastic modulus E, length L and
a constant cross section with area A and area moment
of inertia Iy. The turbine rotates with an angular
velocity , under the action of a constant pressure p0
acting on the blades, which is caused by the gas
flowing through the turbine. Analyse the blade by use
of FEM, and calculate the axial displacement, u(x),
and the deflection, w(x). Since, u(x) and w(x) is
uncoupled for the case of a straight beam, the two
modes of deformation can be analysed separately.
Carry out the FEM analyses in the following steps:

Figur 1. Turbine blade ( h b L )

x = 2L
z

x=L
p0

Exact solutions:

p0

2 3

x
x 3
L
u ( x ) = ---------------- 12 --- --- 11

6E
L
L
4

p 0 bL
x 4
x
w ( x ) = --------------- 2 --- 4 2 --- + 3

24EI y
L
L

Axial deformation: the rotation of the turbine gives

2 2
x 2
L
rise to an inertia force, which can be treated as a
--------------- 4 ---
=

(
x
)
2

2
L
body force, K x = x , in the FEM model.
Divide the blade into two truss elements of equal
L 2
x 2 z
3p 0 --- 2 --- --------- h
length, and calculate:
L h 2
(a) the external force vector,
(b) the node displacements and evaluate the displacement u at the point x = 1.8L ,
(c) the normal stress in the blade at the point x = L.
Hint: it is convenient to use the coordinate transformation x = x 1 ( 1 ) + x 2 ,
( 0 1 , x1, x2 represents the node coordinates in an element), in the evaluation
(integration) of the consistent node forces.
Bending deformation: use only one 2-node beam element to model the blade and calculate:
(d) the external force vector expressed in the pressure p0,
(e) the node displacements and evaluate the displacement w at the point x = 1.8L ,
(f) the normal stress in the blade at the point x = L.
Comparison with exact solutions
(g) How much does the normal stress computed by FEM deviate from the exact solution?
Notice! both results can be checked by use of the Matlab program "frame2d.m", which can be
down loaded from the home page of the course.

KTH HLLFASTHETSLRA

SE1025 FEM for engineering applications

Problem 2. (5 points) An electric motor is mounted to rigid supports by use of four equal
plates L 2L , thickness h), see Figure 2(a). The plates are manufactured by an isotropic,
linear elastic material with elasticity modulus E and Poissons ratio = 0.3 , where it is
assumed that plane stress prevails. A coarse FEM model of the plate, consisting of only one 4node bi-linear element, is shown in Figure 2(b). The node coordinates are evident from the
figure. In the model, the engine is considered to be rigid. Thus, if we neglect a possible rotation
of the engine in the xy-plane, the deformation of a plate can be described by a combination of
tension/compression and simple shear. Then, the displacements of node 3 and 4 will the same.
We may denote the displacements at these nodes in the x- and y-direction as u x = q 1 and
u y = q 2 . Complete the FEM-analysis as follows:
(a) Determine the flexibility of the suspensions of the electric engine, i.e. calculate q 1 Q 1
and q 2 Q 2 . Assume that all plates deforms the same way and by the same amount (the
flexibility is the same in both tension and compression).
T

(b) Calculate the displacement vector u = u x u y at the mid point of the element.
(
L
c) Show that the Jacobi matrix of the element is J = --- 0 1 .
2 2 0
(d) Evaluate the strains ad the stresses at the element mid point.

MOTOR

Q2
Q1

x/L
(a)

(b)

(2, 1)

y/L

160
65
60
Eh 5
K e = --------364 80
65
20
5

65
290
5
255
65
145
5
110

60
5
160
65
20
5
80
65

5
255
65
290
5
110
65
145

80
65
20
5
160
65
60
5

65
145
5
110
65
290
5
255

20
5
80
65
60
5
160
65

5
110
65
145
5
255
65
290

(c)

Figur 2. Model of a suspension of an electric motor.

KTH HLLFASTHETSLRA

SE1025 FEM for engineering applications

Front endpaper - HW 2: FEM for engineering applications

Name and personal number (1):
Name and personal number (2):
Name and personal number (3):
yy

Use one of the personal numbers

to determine problem parameters:

mm

dd

Summarize your answers below:

Problem 1:

(a) F =

u ( x = 1.8L ) =

(b) D =

(c) ( x = L )

tension

(d) fe =
w ( x = 1.8L ) =

(e) de =

(f)

(x = L )

bending

Problem 2:
(a) q 1 Q 1 =

(b) u

midptn.

q2 Q2 =
ux
uy

=
midptn.

x
(d)

midptn.

y
xy

=
midptn.

midptn.

y
xy

=
midptn.