TITLE: DILUTION

OBJECTIVE:
To determine the concentration of colored solution such as FeCl3 by using dilution and color
differentiating (calorimetric) techniques.
RESULTS AND DATA

Concentration of 50 ml
FeCl3 (M)
5.0 x 10-2
1.0 x 10-2
5.0 x 10-3
1.0 x 10-3
5.0 x 10-4

50 ml FeCl3 solution
(5.0 x 10-2 M)
50 ml FeCl3 solution
(1.0 x 10-2 M)
50 ml FeCl3 solution
(5.0 x 10-3 M)

Volume of 0.10M FeCl3

added (ml)
25
5
2.5
0.5
0.25

Observation
Before added with 2 drops of
KCNS
Very dark yellow solution is
formed
Dark yellow solution is
formed
Yellow solution is formed

50 ml FeCl3 solution
(1.0 x 10-3 M)

Pale yellow solution is formed

50 ml FeCl3 solution
(5.0 x 10-4 M)

Very pale yellow solution is

formed

B solution

The color of solution is yellow

Volume of water added

(ml)
25.00
45.00
47.50
49.50
49.75

After added with 2 drops of

KCNS
The color of solution turns to
dark red immediately
The solution turns to red in
color immediately
The color of solution turns to
orange within a moderately
short time
The color of solution turns to
pale orange after a few
minutes
The color of solution changed
to very pale orange after a few
minutes
Reddish orange solution is
formed within a short time.

DISCUSSION:
From the experiment, students have learnt how to apply M1V1 = M2V2 equation in the
calculation of dilute liquid. By using the equation students will know the amount of solute and
solvent that is needed to prepare the solution with different concentration. In the color
differentiating techniques, student can identify the solution which has higher concentration by
observing the color intensity of the solution. The solution that has darker color is said to have
higher concentration.
Besides that, students have studied that molarity is different that normality. Molarity is
the number of mol of solute in a liter of solution. In contrast, normality is the equivalent weight
of solute in a liter of solution.
In order to obtain the right color and concentration, students should added the correct
amount of solute. To get the correct reading, students eye level should be at the centre of
meniscus. Some of the solution in the laboratory might be very concentrated. Thus, students
should wear glove and the experiment is conducted in the fume cupboard. From the experiment,
students have studied that burette is not used in dilution. It is a big mistake if the solute is added
using the burette. Instead of burette, pipette is the most suitable apparatus that can be used to add
the solute. Students also have discovered that solution that has lower concentration takes longer
time to become a homogenous solution. Since the concentration of solute is low, the tome taken
for solute to diffuse with solvent thoroughly is longer.
REFERRENCES:
http://chemistry.about.com/od/chemistrylabexperiments/qt/meniscus.htm
http://chemistry.about.com/od/lecturenotes13/a/concentration.htm
QUESTION:
1. Suggest the concentration of B solution.
8 x 10-3 M