Working Class Division

1Service grade of crane(the using frequency )

Service
grade mark

Working cycle N
(upper limit)

Service
grade mark

Working cycle N
(upper limit)

Remarks

U0

1.6104

U5

5105

Often
interrupted using

U1

3.2104

U6

1106

Buy to use

U2

6.3104

U7

2106

Busier to use

U3

1.25105

U8

4106

Busiest to use

U4

2.5105

U9

>4106

Busiest to use

Remarks

Don't often use

Often use with

light duty

One working cycle:SlingliftingtravelingdownunloadingReturn to the original place with empty hook.

Calculating formula of total working cycles :N=3600YDH/tc
Y:Using age of crane(usually 2030 years) D:Working days in one year(265 days)
H:Working hours in one day tc :One working cycle time(s),is related with working frequency.
2Loading state grade of crane(The loading degree in lifting)
Loading state means the approached degree of usual lifting quality of crane to the rated lifting capacity

Pi: The i time lifting quality.

Pmax:Rated lifting capacity.

ni:loading Pi action times

N:Total working cycles

Loading state Load spectrum coefficient Kp

Remarks

Q1---light

0.125

Hardly lifting rated load, usually lifting light load.

Q2middle

0.25

Sometimes lifting rated load,usually lifting middle load.

Q3heavy

0.5

Often lifting rated load,usually lifting heavy-duty load

Q4heaviest

1.0

Frequently lifting rated load.

3Working class of craneGBISO FEM standard1Bm=A3 1Am=A4 2m=A5 3m=A6 4m=A7

Loading
state

Load
spectrum
coefficient Kp

U0

U1

U2

U3

U4

U5

U6

U7

U8

U9

Q1light

0.125

A1

A1

A1

A2

A3

A4

A5

A6

A7

A8

Working class

Q2middle

0.25

A1

A1

A2

A3

A4

A5

A6

A7

A8

A8

Q3heavy

0.5

A1

A2

A3

A4

A5

A6

A7

A8

A8

A8

Q4heaviest

1.0

A2

A3

A4

A5

A6

A7

A8

A8

A8

A8

Note: should make clear the followings, rated lifting capacity, how many days will it work in one week, how
many hours will it work in one day, how much weight it will lifting usually, how many will it last of one working cycle,
interval of continuous operation or two working cycles.

LIFTING UNIT CLASSIFICATION

Hoists and Grabs are designed to BS.466:1984 standards which facilitates the ready selection of the
most economic lifting unit from a serialised range of products based upon lifting capacity and
anticipated duty of the equipment. Knowing the safe working load and range of lift required the next
stage in choosing the correct hoist for any application is to establish its Group Classification for which
two factors are required:

CLASS OF UTILISATION
1) Average time the lifting unit will be in operation. By referring to Table A the class of Utilisation T
can be obtained against the average utilisation time.
Table A

Class of

Assumed average daily

Service life

Utilisation

Utilisation time (hours)

of hoist (hours)

T1

0.25

400

T2

>0.25 and 0.5

800

T3

>0.5 and 1

1600

T4

>1 and 2

3200

T5

>2 and 4

6400

T6

>4 and 8

12500

T7

>8 and 16

25000

T8

>16

50000

T9

>16

>50000

STATE OF LOADING
2) Type of duty on which the uplifting unit will be employed. From Table B select the most appropriate
type of duty and determine the State of Loading L.
Table B

State of

Type of duty

Loading

Hoists subjected very rarely to their maximum load and normally to

L1

very light loads.

Hoists occasionally subjected to their maximum load but normally to

L2

rather light loads.

Hoists frequently subjected to their maximum load but normally loads

L3

of medium magnitude.

L4

Hoists regularly subjected to their maximum loads.

B.S GROUP CLASSIFICATION

3) With the two factors from Tables A and B the British Standard Classification M of the lifting unit
can be determined from table C.
Table C

Class of Utilisation (Table A)

State of Loading
(Table B)

T1

T3

T3

T4

T5

T6

T7

T8

T9

L1

M3

M3

M3

M3

M4

M5

M6

M7

M8

L2

M3

M3

M3

M4

M5

M6

M7

M8

M8

L3

M3

M3

M4

M5

M6

M7

M8

M8

M8

L4

M3

M4

M5

M6

M7

M8

M8

M8

M8

Duty class to F.E.M. standards

Corresponding to 1.S.O. standards

Average daily operating

05

time in hours
Class of Duty
1 L1

Light

type of

2 L2

Medium

service

3 L3

Heavy

4 L4

Very Heavy

V0,25 T2 V0,5 T3

V1

T4

V3

16

T6 V3 T6 V4 T7

1Bm M3 1Am M4 2 m M5 3 m M6
1Bm M3 1Am M4 2 m M5 3 m M6
1Bm M3 1Am M4 2 m M5 3 m M6
1Am M4 2 m M5 3 m M6

GROUP

1Bm M3 1Am M4 2 m M5

M6

Duty factor *

25%

30%

40%

50%

No of starts per hour

150

180

240

300

FEM Table T.2.1.2.2.

Classes of Utilizzation

Symbol

Total duration of use (number nmax of hoisting cycles)

U0

<

nmax

<

16 000

U1

16 000

<

nmax

<

32 000

U2

32 000

<

nmax

<

63 000

U3

63 000

<

nmax

<

125 000

U4

125 000

<

nmax

<

250 000

U5

250 000

<

nmax

<

500 000

U6

500 000

<

nmax

<

1 000 000

U7

1 000 000

<

nmax

<

2 000 000

U8

2 000 000

<

nmax

<

4 000 000

U9

4 000 000

<

nmax

<

FEM Table T.2.1.2.3.

Spectrum Classes

Symbol

Spectrum Factor kp

Q1

<

kp

<

0.125

Q2

0.125

<

kp

<

0.250

Q3

0.250

<

kp

<

0.500

Q4

0.500

<

kp

<

1.000

FEM Table T.2.1.2.4.

Appliance Groups

Class of utilization
Load Spectrum Class
U0

U1

U2

U3

U4

U5

U6

U7

U8

U9

Q1

A1

A1

A1

A2

A3

A4

A5

A6

A7

A8

Q2

A1

A1

A2

A3

A4

A5

A6

A7

A8

A8

Q3

A1

A2

A3

A4

A5

A6

A7

A8

A8

A8

Q4

A2

A3

A4

A5

A6

A7

A8

A8

A8

A8

FEM Table T.2.1.2.5.

Guidance for group classification of APPLIANCE

Type of appliance
Reference
Designation

Particulars concerning nature of

use (1)

Appliance
group

01

Hand-operated appliances

A1 - A2

02

Erection cranes

A1 - A2

03

Erection and dismantling cranes for power stations,

machine shops, etc.

A2 - A4

04

Stocking and reclaiming trasporters

Hook duty

05

Stocking and reclaiming trasporters

Grab or magnet

A6 - A8

06

Workshop cranes

A3 - A5

07

Overhead travelling cranes, pig-breaking cranes,

scrapyard cranes

Grab or magnet

A6 - A8

08

Ladle cranes

A6 - A8

09

Soaking-pit cranes

A8

10

Stripper cranes, open- heart furnace-charging cranes

A8

11

Forge cranes

A6 - A8

12.a

Bridge cranes for unloading, bridge cranes for

containers

Hook or spreader duty

A5 - A6

12.b

Other bridge cranes (with grab and/or slewing jib crane)

Hook duty

A5

A4

13

Bridge cranes for unloading , bridge cranes (with grab

and/or slewing jib crane)

Grab or magnet

A6 - A8

14

Drydock cranes, shipyard jib cranes, jib cranes for

dismantling

Hook duty

A3 - A5

15

Cockside cranes (slewing, on gantry), floating cranes

and pontoon derricks

Hook duty

A5 - A6

16

Dockside cranes (slewing, on gantry), floating cranes

and pontoon derricks

Grab or magnet

A6 - A8

17

Floating cranes and poonton derricks for very heavy

loads (usually greater than 100 ton)

A2 - A3

18

Deck cranes

Hook duty

A3 - A4

19

Deck cranes

Grab or magnet

A4 - A5

20

Tower cranes for building

A3 - A4

21

Derricks

A2 - A3

22

Railway cranes allowed to run in train

A4

(1) Only a few typical cases of use are shown, by way of guidance, in this column.

FEM Table T.2.1.3.5.

Guidance for group classification of MECHANISM

Type of appliance
Reference
Designation

Particulars
concerning
nature of
use (1)

Type of mechanism
Hoisting

Slewing

Luffing

Traverse

Travel

01

Hand-operated appliances

M1

M1

M1

02

Erection cranes

M2-M3

M2-M3

M1-M2

M1-M2

M2-M3

03

Erection and dismantling cranes for

power stations, machine shops, etc.

M2

M2

M2

04

Stocking and reclaiming trasporters

Hook duty

M5-M6

M4

M4-M5

M5-M6

05

Stocking and reclaiming trasporters

Grab or
magnet

M7-M8

M6

M6-M7

M7-M8

06

Workshop cranes

M6

M4

M4

M5

07

Overhead travelling cranes, pig-

Grab or

M8

M6

M6-M7

M7-M8

breaking cranes, scrapyard cranes

magnet

08

Ladle cranes

M7-M8

M4-M5

M6-M7

09

Soaking-pit cranes

M8

M6

M7

M8

10

Stripper cranes, open- heart furnacecharging cranes

M8

M6

M7

M8

11

Forge cranes

M8

M5

M6

12.a

Bridge cranes for unloading, bridge

cranes for containers

Hook or
spreader
duty

M6-M7

M5-M6

M3-M4

M6-M7

M4-M5

12.b

Other bridge cranes (with grab and/or

slewing jib crane)

Hook duty

M4-M5

M4-M5

M4-M5

M4-M5

13

Bridge cranes for unloading , bridge

cranes (with grab and/or slewing jib
crane)

Grab or
magnet

M8

M5-M6

M3-M4

M7-M8

M4-M5

14

Drydock cranes, shipyard jib cranes, jib

cranes for dismantling

Hook duty

M5-M6

M4-M5

M4-M5

M4-M5

M5-M6

15

Cockside cranes (slewing, on gantry),

floating cranes and pontoon derricks

Hook duty

M6-M7

M5-M6

M5-M6

M3-M4

16

Dockside cranes (slewing, on gantry),

floating cranes and pontoon derricks

Grab or
magnet

M7-M2

M6-M7

M6-M7

M4-M5

17

Floating cranes and poonton derricks

for very heavy loads (usually greater
than 100 ton)

M3-M4

M3-M4

M3-M4

18

Deck cranes

Hook duty

M4

M3-M4

M3-M4

M2

M3

19

Deck cranes

Grab or
magnet

M5-M6

M3-M4

M4-M3

M4-M5

M3-M4

20

Tower cranes for building

M4

M5

M4

M3

M3

21

Derricks

M2-M3

M1-M2

M1-M2

22

Railway cranes allowed to run in train

M3-M4

M2-M3

M2-M3

(1) Only a few typical cases of use are shown, by way of guidance, in this column.