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music is simply a sequence of notes that pleases our ear in many different
ways lets take a look at these notes now.
A A# -B C C# - D D# - E F F# - G G#
this is every note in music that's right there are only twelve of them, but
when they are played in this order it doesn't sound very musical at all. This
is because this sequence is played in semitones, which basically means
every note played one after another in alphabetical order until it reaches
the G# note then the pattern simply repeats. This is called the chromatic
scale lets look at this scale in a more visual way so we can see how it
works.
Here is our
A note
This is where
the scale
repeats its self
starting on a
higher A note
If we start our scale on the A note and play every single note all the way up
to the red note we have just played a chromatic scale, when you start on a
note and finish on a higher version of the same note this is known as an
octave. This chromatic scale can begin on any note whether it be a C# note
or an E note as long as every note between the start point and end point is
played it will be a chromatic scale. No matter where this scale starts it
doesn't sound totally pleasant to our ear this is why the notes have to be
formed into what we call a major scale.
MAJOR SCALES
A major scale is a much more pleasant sounding scale that sounds a lot
different to the chromatic scale. This is because the chromatic scale is built
on semitones.
A TO A# = 1 SEMITONE
A# TO B = 1 SEMITONE
every note in the chromatic scale moves to the next note in this way, a
major scale involves using a mixture of semitones and tones. What is a
tone ? Lets take a look
A to A# = 1 semitone
A to B = 1 tone
its very simple a semitone means you move up one note from the note your
on, a tone on the other hand moves one semitone further and skips to the
next note. An easy way to remember this is to think of a tone as 2
semitones up from your start note.
A TO A# = 1 SEMITONE
A TO B = 2 SEMITONES/TONE
This is our C major scale on a piano it is basically all the white keys from
one C note to the next C on the piano. By understanding this you take a
major step in understanding how music theory works, as we now know the
basic formula to every major scale in the world. That's right if you apply
this tone formula to every note in the chromatic scale you will build a new
major scale.
SEMITONE the distance from one note to its adjacent note (also
known as a half step or half tone)