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6-1 A 1956 technical report describes the supersonic wind tunnel (E-l) of

the Gas Dynamics Facility of the Arnold Engineering Development


Center, Tullahoma, Tennessee. The control station is shown in the
figure. The report identifies the test section inlet as a 6 inch diameter
pipe that can deliver a
mass flow rate of 190
lbm/sec at air
pressure and
temperature of 4
atmospheres and
100F respectively.
a) Based on this
information find the
velocity of the air in the
test inlet section
A: V = 3416 ft/sec
b) Calculate the rate of
flow energy
A: 38.4 Btu/sec
c) Find the rate of energy transport by mass
A: 69.8103 Btu/sec
d) Find the error in c) if the kinetic energy term is ignored.
6-2

A: 63%

The performance of the compressor section of the T53-L-13B turboshaft


engine is as shown:
Pressure ratio
Inlet
temperature
(SLS)
Exit
Temperature
Airflow

7.2:1
59F

530F
10.7
lbm/sec

a) Determine the work done by


the compressor in kJ/kg
A: 1292kW
b) The power required to drive the compressor if it is 87% efficient

A: 1485kW

6-3

As the plant design engineer, you want to use


throttling valve to create saturated vapor
from a supply source consisting of a saturated
mixture with a steam quality of 96% at 1200psia
Copeland CV series steam throttling valve

a
(x=1)
using a
shown.

a) At what pressure do you achieve your


objective?
A: ~1,600 psia

7-1 W. Brandstetter and R. Dziggel of VW Wolfsburg Ag. report in SAE


technical paper # 820441 (1982) that the VW 4 cylinder turbocharged

engine has the performance characteristics shown in their Fig. 35. (bsfc
is brake specifc fuel consumption; a measure of fuel flow rate in grams
per hour divided by power in kW; RB is a measure of exhaust opacity)

The Hydrogen Analysis


Resource Center of the US
Department of Energy provides
the below information relating
to fuel energy content:
Liquid Fuels

Btu/gal
[2]

Btu/lb
[3]

MJ/kg
[4]

Crude oil

129,670

18,352

42.686

Conventional gasoline

116,090

18,679

43.448

Reformulated or low-sulfur gasoline

113,602

18,211

42.358

CA reformulated gasoline

113,927

18,272

42.500

U.S. conventional diesel

128,450

18,397

42.791

Low-sulfur diesel

129,488

18,320

42.612

Petroleum naphtha

116,920

19,320

44.938

NG-based FT naphtha

111,520

19,081

44.383

Residual oil

140,353

16,968

39.466

Methanol

57,250

8,639

20.094

Ethanol

76,330

11,587

26.952

Butanol

99,837

14,775

34.366

Acetone

83,127

12,721

29.589

a) Based on the information provided calculate the thermal efficiency of


the engine using low-sulfur diesel fuel. A: 26%
b) From energy balance, how much energy is rejected to the
environment? A: 145 kJ/sec

7-2

The Wheelabrator waste to energy facility in Lisbon CT produces


electrical energy from recycled municipal solid waste (MSW) under the
auspices of the Connecticut Resource Recovery Agency. The company
claims that it processes up to 500 tons per day of municipal solid waste
with a generating capacity of 15,000 kilowatts of electrical energy, or
the equivalent of supplying the electrical needs of 18,000 Connecticut
homes.

Tchobanoglous et al (Tchobanoglous, G., Theisen, H., and Vigil, S.


(1993) Integrated Solid Waste Management, Chapter 4, McGraw-Hill,
New York.) reports that the average energy content of the MSW
feedstock in New York City is 12,332 MJ/ton.
a) What is the thermal efficiency of the Wheelabrator plant based on this
information?
A: 21%

7-3

Using the published technical information


shown below for the TempStar model
N4A318AKA:

a) What is the COP? A: 1.88


b) What is the EER? A: 6.41
EER rating is performed for an outside air
temperature of 95F and inside temperature of
80F. Based on these temperatures:
c) What is COPcarnot? A: 36.0
d) Whats is EER carnot? A: 122.8

7-4

As the Heating and Cooling contractor, you have


estimated that a new construction residential
dwelling loses heat at a rate proportional to the
difference between the inside and outside
temperature as follows:
Qdot = 500 T where:
Qdot = heat loss to outside (Btu/hr)
T = Temperature difference between
inside and outside (F)
You will use the Goodman GSZ130361B heat
pump to maintain a temperature of 70F inside
and will augment the heat pump with a gas-fired
furnace when conditions require. Based on the
below performance characteristics:
a) At what temperature will the gas-fired furnace
need to kick on? A: ~25F
b) What will be the power required to heat the
house when the outside temperature is 50F if
the COP is as indicated below?
A: 0.816 kW

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