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RULE ON
HYPOTHETICAL
Rule: No. The absence of counsel for defendants at pretrial does not ipso facto authorize the judge to declare the
defendant as in default and order the presentation of evidence
ex parte. Nothing in the Rules of Court authorizes a trial judge
to allow the plaintiff to present evidence ex parte on account
of the absence during pre-trial of the counsel for defendant.
Tobepermittedtointerveneinapendingaction,theparty
musthavealegalinterestinthematterinlitigation,orinthesuccess
ofeitherofthepartiesoraninterestagainstboth,orhemustbeso
situated as to be adversely affected by a distribution or other
dispositionofthepropertyinthecustodyofthecourtoranofficer
thereof.
*LEGALINTERESTmustbeactualandmaterial,direct
andimmediate,andnotsimplycontingentandexpectant.
o
A mere collateral interest in the subject matter of the
litigationcannotjustifyintervention.
REPUBLIC
OF
SANDIGANBAYAN
Facts:
THE
PHILIPPINES
VS.