By and large, communication (from Latin commnicre, meaning "to share"[1]) is a purposeful activity of

exchanging informationand meaning across space and time using various technical or natural means, whichever
is available or preferred.
Communication requires a sender, a message, a medium and a recipient, although the receiver does not have to
be present or aware of the sender's intent to communicate at the time of communication; thus communication
can occur across vast distances in time and space. Communication requires that the communicating parties
share an area of communicative commonality. The communication process is complete once the receiver
understands the sender's message.
Discursive communication three primary steps:[2]
Thought: First, information exists in the mind of the sender. This can be a concept, idea, information, or feeling.
Encoding: Next, a message is sent to a receiver in words or other symbols.
Decoding: Finally, the receiver translates the words or symbols into a concept or information that a person can
understand.
There are a range of verbal and non-verbal forms of communication. These include body language, eye
contact, sign language,haptic communication, and chronemics. Other examples are media content such as
pictures, graphics, sound, and writing. TheConvention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities also defines the
communication to include the display of text, Braille, tactilecommunication, large print, accessible multimedia, as
well as written and plain language, human-reader, augmentative and alternative modes, means and formats of
communication, including accessible information and communication technology.[3]Feedback is a critical
component of effective communication.

Two-way process of reaching mutual understanding, in which participants not

only exchange (encode-decode) information, news, ideas and feelings but
also create and share meaning. In general, communication is a means of connecting people
or places. In business, it is a key function of management--an organization cannot operate without
communication between levels, departments and employees. See also communications.
Communication is simply the act of transferring information from one place to another.
Although this is a simple definition, when we think about how we may communicate the subject becomes a lot
more complex. There are various categories of communication and more than one may occur at any time.

The different categories of communication are:

Spoken or Verbal Communication: face-to-face, telephone, radio or television and other media.

Non-Verbal Communication: body language, gestures, how we dress or act - even our scent.

Written Communication: letters, e-mails, books, magazines, the Internet or via other media.

Visualizations: graphs, charts, maps, logos and other visualizations can communicate
messages.

A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical resistance as a circuit
element. Resistors act to reduce current flow, and, at the same time, act to lower voltage levels within circuits. In
electronic circuits resistors are used to limit current flow, to adjust signal levels, bias active elements,
terminate transmission lines among other uses. High-power resistors that can dissipate many watts of electrical
power as heat may be used as part of motor controls, in power distribution systems, or as test loads
for generators. Fixed resistors have resistances that only change slightly with temperature, time or operating
voltage. Variable resistors can be used to adjust circuit elements (such as a volume control or a lamp dimmer), or
as sensing devices for heat, light, humidity, force, or chemical activity.
A capacitor (originally known as a condenser) is a passive two-terminal electrical component used to
store energy electrostaticallyin an electric field. The forms of practical capacitors vary widely, but all contain at
least two electrical conductors (plates) separated by a dielectric (i.e. insulator). The conductors can be thin films,
foils or sintered beads of metal or conductive electrolyte, etc. The nonconducting dielectric acts to increase the
capacitor's charge capacity. A dielectric can be glass, ceramic, plastic film, air, vacuum, paper, mica, oxide layer
etc. Capacitors are widely used as parts of electrical circuits in many common electrical devices. Unlike aresistor,
an ideal capacitor does not dissipate energy. Instead, a capacitor stores energy in the form of an electrostatic
field between its plates.
An inductor, also called a coil or reactor, is a passive two-terminal electrical component which resists changes
in electric currentpassing through it. It consists of a conductor such as a wire, usually wound into a coil. When a
current flows through it, energy is stored temporarily in a magnetic field in the coil. When the current flowing
through an inductor changes, the time-varying magnetic field induces a voltage in the conductor, according
to Faradays law of electromagnetic induction, which opposes the change in current that created it.
In electronics, a diode is a two-terminal electronic component with asymmetric conductance; it has low (ideally
zero) resistance to currentin one direction, and high (ideally infinite) resistance in the other. A semiconductor
diode, the most common type today, is a crystallinepiece of semiconductor material with a pn
junction connected to two electrical terminals.[5] A vacuum tube diode has two electrodes, aplate (anode) and
a heated cathode. Semiconductor diodes were the first semiconductor electronic devices. The discovery
of crystals'rectifying abilities was made by German physicist Ferdinand Braun in 1874.
A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify and switch electronic signals and electrical power. It is
composed of semiconductormaterial with at least three terminals for connection to an external circuit. A voltage
or current applied to one pair of the transistor's terminals changes the current through another pair of terminals.
Because the controlled (output) power can be higher than the controlling (input) power, a transistor can amplify a
signal. Today, some transistors are packaged individually, but many more are found embedded in integrated
circuits.