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A
RESEARCH DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO
SOCIAL WORK FACULTY
M.S.UNIVERSITY
Research Guide
Researcher:
Megha
Thakkar M.
PREFACE
When the worker feels that the employer & the state are interested in his day.
Today life & would liter to make his lot happiness in even possible way his
tendency to grouse & grumble will steadily disappear.
Reage Committee
Labour welfare is a relative term. It is continuous process for state of well being
of employees. It is very difficult to define \ express the word welfare but it
covers all activity for well being of an individual. Statutory welfare facility under
factory act 1948 prescribed minimum level of welfare facility pertain to health,
safety & welfare of the employee and other social labour legislation parting to
welfare like bonus Act, ESIC Act etc.
To keep pace with fact moving world where distance & time are shrinking, in
the sphere of workers welfare as well, there is very great need for change. The
workers are the architects of their own future & that of their children & also of
the future of the nation
The Underlies driving force today is the conviction that men and women should
be able to go to the organization as places of proper human habitation, where
they can work with more comfort.
Research Guide
Mrs. Samina Pathan
Megha M.
Researcher
Thakkar
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Walking down the memory lane for ONE year that have taken one to finish this
work. I see that this dissertation would not have been possible without the
active support and guidance of many important people in my life. Heartfelt
thanks to all of them for giving me the confidence and patience to go on.
I take the privilege to thank my constant Research Guide Mrs. Samina Pathan,
from the depth of my heart for being a north star and always being ready to
direct me. I am thankful to him for immense patience and for coping with my
pace of work.
Thakkar
Megha M
LIST OF TABLES
Table
Particular
No.
Page No.
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
Index
Chapter No.
PARTICULAR
Page No.
***
Preface
***
***
Acknowledgement
***
***
List of Tables
***
II
Review of Literature
18
III
33
IV
75
***
Bibliography
87
***
Annexure
89
Questionnaire
CHAPTER - I
Introduction
[1]
towards
workers
welfare
was
made
largely
by
social
workers
[2]
This act was enacted with the objective of helping poor and orphaned children
to learn various trades and crafts. The next Act was the Fatal accident act of
1953 which aimed at providing compensation to the families of workmen who
lost their life as a result of actionable wrong Then came the Merchants
shipping act of 1859, which regulated the employment of seaman and provided
for the health accommodation etc. Earlier attempts at legislation in this
country were mainly aimed at regulation of employment.
as per of the contractual benefits for which the workers may have bargained."
[3]
The Report of the Committee on Labour welfare (1969) includes under it "such
services, facilities and amenities as adequate canteens, rest and recreation
facilities, sanitary and medical facilities, arrangements for travel to and from
work and for the accommodation of workers employed at a distance from their
homes and such other services, amenities and facilities including social
security measures as contribute to improve the conditions under which worker
are employer."
Thus, the whole field of welfare is said to be one "in which much can be done to
combat the sense of frustration of the industrial workers, to relieve them of
personal and family worries, to improve their health, to afford them means of
self expression, to offer them some sphere in which they can excel others and
to help them to a wider conception of life". It promotes the well-being of workers
in variety of ways.
The oxford university defines labour welfare as efforts to make life worth living
for workmen. Another definition implies that welfare is fundamentally an
attitude of mind on the part of management influencing the method by which
management activities are undertaken.
CONCEPT:
Labour welfare may be viewed as a total concept, as a social concept and as a
relative concept. The total concept is a desirable state of existence involving the
physical, mental moral and emotional well being. These four elements together
constitute the structure of welfare, on which its totality is based. The social
concept of welfare implies the welfare of man, his family and his community. All
these three aspects are inter- related and work together in a three dimensional
approach. The relative concept of welfare implies that welfare is relative in time
and place. It is a dynamic and flexible concept and hence its meaning and
content differ from time to time, region, industry to industry and country to
country, depending upon the value system, and level of dedication, social
customs degree of industrialization and general standard of the socio-economic
development of the people.
[4]
Labour welfare implies the setting up of minimum desirable standards and the
provision of facilities like health, food clothing housing medical assistance,
education insurance, job security, recreation etc. such facilities enable the
worker and his family to lead a good work life, family and social life. Labour
welfare also operates to neutralize the harmful effects of large scale
industrialization and urbanization.
Another object of labour welfare is to fulfill the future needs and aspirations of
labour. The following motives and considerations have prompted employers to
provide welfare measure (1) some of the early philanthropic and paternalistic
employers tried to ameliorate the working and living conditions of their workers
by proving various welfare measure. (2) Some of them took recourse to welfare
work to win over their employees, loyalty and to combat trade unionism and
socialist ideas. The devotion to welfare work by many American employers
during the twenties could be attributed to their anti unionism. However such
a motive did not succeed in checking the spread of trade unionism (3) some
employers provided labour welfare service to build up a stable labour force to
reduce labour turnover and absenteeism and to promote better relations with
their employees. (4) At present labour welfare has been conceived of by some
employers as a incentive and good investment to secure, preserve and develop
greater efficiency and output from workers.
[5]
Anyhow, there is no direct relationship between welfare work on the one hand
and efficiency and productivity on the other. Apart from this it is very difficult
to quantify the additional contribution of welfare measures to the increased
productivity. (5) One of the objects for provision of welfare activities in recent
times by certain is to save themselves from heavy taxes on surplus. (6) The
insurance schemes measures for the protection of women and young workers,
[6]
limitation of hours of
Labour welfare
employers, trade unions or the government for the physical and mental
development of a worker, both as a compensation for wars and tear that he
undergoes as a part of production
and improve upon the basic capacity of the large family encompassed by the
term labour welfare.
NECESSITY:
The necessity for labour welfare is left all the more in our country because of
its developing economy aimed at rapid economic and social development. In
this process it is trying to check the baneful effects of the industrial
revoluation on which have adversely affected the people all over the world.
The need for labour welfare was left by the Royal Commissions on labour as
fare back as 1931. The philosophy of labour welfare and its National Congress
on Fundamental Rights and
1931. The resolution demanded that the organization of economic life in the
country must conform to the principles of justice and it might secure a decent
standard of living. It also emphasized that the state should safeguard the
interest of industrial workers and should secure from them by suitable
legislation, a living wage, health conditions of work limited hours of labour,
suitable machinery for the settlement of disputes between employers and
workmen and protection against the economic consequence of old age, sickness
and unemployment.
[7]
SCOPE:
It is somewhat difficult to accurately lay down the scope of labour welfare
work. Especially because of the fact about is composed of dynamic individuals
with complex need. Its scope has been described by writers and institutions of
different shades in different ways. The scope of labour welfare can be
interpreted in different ways by different countries, with varying stages of
economic
development,
political
outlook
and
social
philosophy.
While
expressing its interpretation regarding the scope of labour welfare, the ILO has
observed the one which lends itself to various interpretations and it has not
always the same significance in different countries. Sometimes the concept is a
very wide one and is more or less synonymous with conditions of work as a
whole. It may include not only the minimum standard of hygiene and safety
laid down in general labour legislations. But also such aspects of working life
as social insurance schemes, measures for the protection of women and young
workers, limitation of hour of work paid vacation, etc. in other cases the
definition is much more limited and welfare in addition to general physical
working conditions, is mainly concerned with the day to day problems workers
and the social relationship at the place of work. In some countries the use of
welfare facilities provided is confined to the workers employed in the
undertaking concerned, while in other workers families are allowed to share in
many of the benefits which are made available.
As the subject welfare facilities is a very broad one covering a wide filed of
amenities and activities, limits cannot be rigidly said down regarding its scope
fore all industries and for all times. In the final analysis , labour welfare
services should include all extra mural and intra mural welfare work statutory
and non statutory welfare facilities undertaken by the employers, government
Article 38:
The state shall strive to promote the welfare of the people by securing and
protecting as effectively as it may a social order in which justice social
economic and political shall inform all the institutions of the national life
Article 39:
The state shall in particular, direct its policy towards securing (a) that the
citizens, men and women equally. Have the right to an adequate means
of
livelihood (b) that the ownership and control of the material resources of the
community are so distributed as best to sub serve the common good (c) that
the operation of the economic system does not result in the concentration of
wealth and means of production to the common detriment ( e) that the health
and strength of workers, men and women and the tender age of children are
not abused and that citizen are not
[9]
Forced by economic necessity to enter avocations unsuited to their age or
strength (f) that childhood and youth are protected against exploitation and
against moral and material abandonment.
Article 41:
: The state shall within the limits of its economic capacity and development
make effective provision for securing the right to work
to education and to
Article 42:
The state shall make provision for securing just and humane conditions of
work and for maternity relief.
Article 43:
workers given their loyal services ungrudgingly in genuine spirit of cooperation, in return for obligations, voluntary and compulsory, accepted by the
employee towards the general well-being of the employees.
The welfare activities are done to minimize the hazardous effect on the life of
the workers and their family members. It is the duty of the employer to see
these human needs. If welfare activities are viewed in this light, it can be seen
that they are guided by purposes of humanitarian and social justice.
The next objective of welfare activities is to add in a real way to the low earning
of the labour. The facilities are provided to supplement the income of the
workers by services such as housing, medical assistance, school, co-operative,
canteens, stores, play grounds etc.
Thus, the objective of activities are to promote greater efficiency of the workers,
assure proper human conditions to the workers and their family members,
supplement their wages in monetary teams, give more real wages and foster
better industrial relations.
[11]
PRINCIPLES FOR SUCCESSFUL IMPLEMENTATION OF WELFARE
ACTIVITIES
The success of welfare activities depends on the approach which has been
taken into account in providing such activities to the employees. Welfare policy
should be guided by idealistic morale and human value. Every effort should be
made to give workers/ employees some voice in the choice of welfare activities
so long as it does not amount to dictation from workers.
There are employers who consider all labour welfare activities as distasteful
legal liability. There are workers who look upon welfare activities in terms of
their inherent right. Both parties have to accept welfare as activities of mutual
concern. Constructive and lasting Progress in the matter of social justice can
be achieved only if welfare activities are accepted as essential factors in the
progress of the
Business organization Labour welfare is dependent on certain basic principles.
The following are the principles on which successful implementation of welfare
program depends:
1. ADEQUACY OF WAGES:
the worker in his work, home and community. This is essential for the sake
of harmony and continuity in labour welfare services.
7. DEMOCRATIC VALUES:
The co-operation of the worker is the basis of this principle. Consultation
with, and the agreement of workers in, the formulation and implementation
of labour welfare services are very necessary for their success. This
principle is based on the assumption that the worker is "a mature and
rational individual." Industrial democracy is the driving force here. Workers
also develop a sense of pride when they are made to feel that labour welfare
program is created by them and for them.
[13]
8. RESPONSIBILITY:
This recognizes the fact that both employers and workers are responsible for
labour welfare. Trade unions, too, are involved in these program in healthy
manner, for basically labour welfare belongs to the domain of trade union
activity. Further, when responsibility is shared by different groups, labour
welfare work becomes simpler and easier.
9. ACCOUNTABILITY:
This may also be called the Principle of Evaluation. Here, one responsible
person gives an assessment or evaluation of existing welfare services on a
periodical basis to a higher authority. This is very necessary, for then one
can judge and analyze the success of labour welfare program.
10. TIMELY:
The timeliness of any service helps in its success. To identify the labour
problem and to discover what kind of help is necessary to solve it and when
to provide this help are all very necessary in planning labour welfare
program. Timely action in the proper direction is essential in any kind of
social work.
Last, but not the least is the fact that labour welfare must aim at helping
workers to help themselves in the long run. This helps them to become more
responsible and more efficient.
[14]
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Title of the study
Title of the study is A study of 40 employees perception
towards the welfare facility in Western Railway Baroda Division
Of Personnel Department
Significance of study
Growing competency in the every sector, worker has to work
and live in unhealthy, slums area with least basic facility and
has to live in frustrated state of mind. To escape from this
entire difficult situation they abstains himself from the work
and becomes irregular. All changes have been referred to as
The social invasion
[15]
[17]
CHAPTER - II
Review
Of
Literature
[18]
It is based on assumption that man is selfish and self centered and always tries
to achieve his own ends at the cost of the welfare of others,
The Policy Theory leads to (1) the passing of laws relating to the provision of
minimum welfare for workers (2) periodical supervision to ascertain that these
welfare measures are provided and implemented and (3) punishment of
employees who evade or disobey this law.
[19]
Gandhiji
They (Workers) will not steal time and turn own property. They will not steal
time and turn outlet work but put in the most they can, in fact capital and
labour will be mutual trustees and will trustees of consumers.
Thus days labour and capital are not to divergent forces separated by mutual
distrust but two partners worked together for the welfare of the community as a
whole. There is no legal binding but since it is a moral obligation it is supposed
to be less effective. Its value is related to the moral conscience of the
industrialists and workers.
It is based on the fact that labour group are becoming demanding and militant
and are more conscious of their rights and privileges than ever before. Their
demand for higher wages and better standards cannot be ignored. Timely and
periodical acts of labour welfare can oppose the Workers. They are some kind of
pacifiers which come with a friendly gesture. It has often being acted upon to
secure the workers co- operation.
[20]
(6) THE PUBLIC RELATION THEORY:
public good image of his company. His as well industrial relations may improve
resulting in a twofold benefit to the company.
Welfare is used as a means to secure, preserve and develop the efficiency and
productivity of labour. It is obvious that if an employer takes good care of his
workers they will tend to become more efficient and will thereby step up
production.
It will depend on a healthy collaboration between union and management and
their mutual concern for the growth and development of the industry. Higher
production is of benefit to both management and labour.
This is the functional aspect of welfare having efficiency and its objectives
which increases productivity. It can work well if both the parts have an
identical aim in view that is higher participation in welfare in welfare program
is necessary.
[21]
Welfare measures are to serve any useful purpose, they should be according to
the needs of workers which should be assumed and priorities should be
established must take into account that the location of the undertaking nature
of work processes composition of labour forces etc.
Workers should be free to use or not to use the facilities and amenities provided
Workers should be asked to participate in the formulation and administration
of welfare program because
[22]
program are meat for workers therefore their participation is must. A failure to
understand principal will only make labour welfare measures unpopular of
ding good they will prove harmful to cases. Raising wages will have a more
salutary effect.
RESEARCH CONDUCTED
1)
A study was conducted by Mr. H.K. Vaidya on 54 workers of Sayaji Iron Baroda;
the sample was selected from the entire department by stratified random
sampling. From the data collected was revealed that majority of the respondent
were old i.e. 28 out of 54 respondent. Respondents felt that medical helps is
provided only for primary help. The recreational facility was inadequate and
majority of them are not using it. Nobody is aware about cultural program.
Regarding the canteen facility 12 respondents out of 54 respondents felt that
food which is served in not Nutrition.
The study further revealed that 50 respondents felt that the cold water facility
is very poor. The respondents also felt that the interest rate of loan is very high
of cooperative society. The respondents also felt that the facility is not
adequate.
[23]
50 workers was selected. The study revealed that majority of the respondents
were educated i.e. 41 respondents unto 12 the standard, 70 % of the
respondents were utilizing the medical facility through ESI scheme. 88 % of the
respondents felt that the housing facility was inadequate and poor. It was
found that 90 % of the respondents were not utilizing recreation facility
because of inadequacy The workers i.e. 14 of them were satisfied with financial
assistance provided by the management. 98 % respondents said that the food
in canteen is nutritious and were provided adequately. The co- operative society
seemed to be quite popular among the workers 90 % respondents said that
they take advantages of the co operative societies activities and schemes.
Critical
evaluation
of
welfare
facilities
given
to
employees
in
SG
Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Baroda from the study it was revealed that 70 & of the
respondents were falling in the age group of 31- 50 years. From the sampled
data it was found that 54 respondents have educated up to SSC. it was also
found from the study that 96 % of the respondents have been working for more
than 20 years, 88 % of the respondents are married and most of the workers
have more than two children ( 66 %) whereas 12 % workers have one child .
the study revealed that totally 17
facilities )
were provided to the workers. The study showed that the workers
had high level of awareness regarding welfare facilities. The workers as they
were more experienced, they were aware ( 60 5) regarding educational , canteen
, dress , shoes, washing , drinking water, cycle stand ,
, co operative society,
aid fund, death fund , sort etc. Besides awareness the study also revealed that
the workers utilizing the medical allowance, education, drinking water, canteen
etc. The study show that the company did not provided
[24]
school, hospital, housing facility. The respondent felt that the educational fees
are inadequate because it provided for the children during secondary
education. The workers were investing more money in primary education.
The
study further revealed that 60 % of the workers with medical facilities. The
workers were not satisfied with education fess and housing facilities. They
suggested to increased fees and provided loan for the construction of houses.
recreational facilities even though facilities were adequate. It was found that 56
% of the respondents were not satisfied with the canteen facilities and they felt
that good food should be served and the menu should be changed. The
financial assistance was inadequate. The 80 % of the respondent had good
opinion regarding overall facilities. In comparison to all other facilities. The
respondent felt that medical, educational and housing facilities were adequate.
More over the workers demanded for the insurance scheme which was not
provided by the management. Majority of the respondent had good working
experience i.e52 % it was found that 26 % of the respondents were drawing
monthly income between Rs. 500 to 1000 and remaining Rs 1000 above.
[25]
A study conducted by Mr. Lal in Pararih Colliery, Dhanbad ,Bihar, Mr. Lal and
selected 73 mines loaders out of 320 mines loaders. The selection was done by
random sampling i.e. using sequential list technique by selecting every 52
workmen. The study was purely descriptive in nature.
[26]
6) A STUDY OF 50 WORKERS OF ALEMBIC CHEMICAL CO. LTD.
BARODA BY SHINNDE DEVENDRA SATYANDRS IN 1984.
Alembic Chemical works is a public limited Company. It produces life saving
basic drugs. There were 3385 employee of which 2165 are the permanent.
The company provides statutory welfare facilities like canteen, dress, shoes,
and rest room. He studies facilities in six groups like medical, educational
housing, canteen. Drinking water, cycle stand and rest room. Dress shoes
washing co operative society ad other sports, death funds etc.
Majority of workers were under age group of 31 to 50 years. All workers have
education up to secondary level. 80 % of the workers have been working for last
10 years and 60 % of the workers have more than two children. 27 % of them
workers have identified 7 to 9 facilities out of 17. Non statutory welfare facilities
like aid, fund in which workers contribute their fund therefore they do not
considered as non statutory welfare facility.
Majority of them have opinion that fees for education, death fund and statutory
welfare facility are adequate where as accommodation facility and education
facility like school are inadequate because of only two percent have
accommodation and workers children not studying in companys school.
At least all workers are satisfied by statutory welfare facility but not satisfied
with the school and accommodation facility.
M. V. Pylee and Simon George has pointed out that "Even one discontented
employee or an employee nursing a grievance can eventually infect an entire
organization with the germ of discontent which, in turn, will result in lower
efficiency, poor morale and reduction in overall production".
[27]
The labour welfare activities in the form of health services centers are provided
with the philosophy that a good medical service center will help in ensuring
sturdy improvement of job satisfaction and productivity. A healthy worker is a
basic
requirement
of
an
organization.
It is, therefore, incumbent on the part of the employer to look after the health
of the workers and to provide such facilities which would ensure minimum
health hazards. The concerning law prescribes the minimum standard but
progressive employer must extend his activities to protect the health of the
labourers and their dependents. In return, their co-operation will be
wholehearted, efficiency will be maximum and attitude will be proper and
congenial.
Almost all workers have opinion that the management does not consider
welfare of the workers in formulating any policy.
AUTHOR:
Shobha
Mishra
and
Dr
Manju
Bhagat
(Ph.D.
Guide)
production
and
productivity.
Welfare is also called a relative concept, for it is related to time and space.
Changes in it have an impact on the system of welfare as well. As welfare is
growing and dynamic, the welfare potential changes, as a result of which its
content keeps on varying and has to keep pace with the changing times. Also
the characteristics of welfare vary for it depends of a nation in all fields. Its
meaning and components, therefore, differ from country to country and from
place to place.
The economic welfare activities are such, which can be brought directly or
indirectly into relation with money, Pig-out [1] defined economic welfare as that
part of social welfare that can be brought directly or indirectly into relation
with the measuring need of money. According to him, "the economic welfare
of a community of a given size is likely to be greater; the larger is the
share that accrues to the poor." However, he admitted that economic welfare
was
not
the
index
of
total
welfare.
The word labour means any productive activity. In a broader sense, therefore
the phrase labour welfare means the adoption of measures to promote the
physical, social, psychological and general well being of the working population.
Welfare work in any industry aims or should aim at improving the working and
living
conditions
of
workers
and
their
families.
[29]
The concept of labour welfare activities, however, is flexible, elastic and differs
from time to time, region to region, industry to industry and country to
country, depending upon the value system, level of education, social customs,
degree of industrializations and the general standard of the socio-economic
development of a people.
It is also related to the political situation in a country. Further it depends upon
the kinds of problems with which society is confronted as well as on the
structure of the industry. It is molded according to the age group, sex, sociocultural background, marital status, economic status and educational level of
the employees in various industries.
criteria. The other four options each have their advantages and
disadvantages; no option scores best on all criteria.
[30]
computing
compensating
and
equivalent
variations
does
not
allow
by
Nick Hayes
employer past neglect and worker interest, than coercive imposition. Nor
apparently
was
this
simply
wartime
bonhomie.
An
analysis
of
joint
can the negative attitudes of operatives to welfare and fringe benefit provision
be understood.
[32]
CHAPTER III
Data Analysis
And
Interpretation
[33]
Section 1 primary information of respondents
Table No. 1
Distribution of the respondents with reference to their Age.
Age
30 to 40 years
40 to 50 years
50 to 60 years
Total
Frequency
3
18
19
40
Percentage
7.50%
45%
47.50%
100%
From the above table it could be interpreted that, 3 out of 40 i.e. 7.50%
respondents fall in the age between 30 to 40, then 18 out of 40 i.e. 45%
respondents fall in the age group between 40 to 50, then 19 out of 40 i.e.
47.50% of the respondents fall in the age group between 50 to 60,
So, Concluding above data, the result could be drawn that a majority of
respondents are in the 50 to 60 years so, it could identified that most of the
respondents have a very long period of service.
[34]
Table No. 2
Distribution of the respondents with reference to their Sex.
Sex
Male
Female
Total
Frequency
27
13
40
Percentage
67.50%
32.50%
100%
From the above table, it could be interpreted that 27 out of 40 i.e. 67.50%
respondents are male, while another 13(32.50%) respondents are female.
So, concluding above data, it could be analyzed that male employees are more
than female employees.
[35]
Table no. 3
Distribution of the respondents with reference to their marital status.
Marital status
Married
Unmarried
Total
Frequency
40
00
40
Percentage
100%
0%
100%
From the above table, it could be interpreted that 40 out of 40 i.e. 100% of the
respondents are married.
So, concluding, above data, the result could be drawn data, the majority of
respondents have more responsibility of their family
[36]
Table no. 4
Distribution of the respondents with reference to their type of resident.
Type of resident
Rent
Own
Head quarter
Total
Frequency
1
39
0
40
Percentage
2.50%
97.50%
0%
100%
Above table indicate that1( 2.50%) of respondents are living in rent home while
another 396(97.50%) respondents are living in own house. And no one is living
in Railway head quarter.
[37]
Table No. 5
Distribution of the respondents with reference to their Education.
Education
Illiterate
Primary
Secondary
Higher secondary
Graduate
Post Graduate
Any other specify
Total
Frequency
00
00
00
05
27
08
00
40
Percentage
0%
0%
0%
12.50%
67.50%
20%
0%
100 %
From the above table, it could be interpreted that, 5 out of 40 i.e. 12.50%
respondents have education of higher secondary then 27 out of 40 i.e. 67.50%
respondents are Graduate, then remaining 8 out of 40 i.e. 20% respondents are
Post Graduate. So, concluding the above data. It could be therefore said that all
the respondents are educated.
[38]
Table No 6
Distribution of the respondents with reference to their work Designation
Designation
Senior clerk
Junior clerk
Office
superintendent
Welfare inspector
Total
Frequency
4
4
25
Percentage
10%
10%
62.50%
7
40
17.50%
100%
Above table indicate that 4( 10%) respondents are Sr. clerk, another 4(10%) are
Jr. clerk, another25( 62.50%) respondents are OS, while remaining 7(17.50%)
[39]
Table No 7
Distribution of the respondents with reference to their Department
Department
Commercial
Personnel
RP cell
Administration
Frequency
1
21
1
1
Percentage
2.50%
52.50%
2.50%
2.50%
Establishment
Policy
Settlement
Signal & tele
communication
Pay bill
Traffic
4
2
2
2
10%
5%
5%
5%
3
3
7.50%
7.50%
Total
40
100 %
Above table indicate that 1( 2.50%) respondents are from commercial Dept.
another21( 52.50%) respondents are from Personnel Dept. another1( 2.50%)
are from RP cell, another1( 2.50%) are from administration dept. another
4(10%) are from Establishment another 2(5%) are from Policy, another2( 5%)
are from Settlement another 2(5%) are from S & T another 3(7.50%) are from
Pay bill while remaining 3(7.50%) are from Traffic department.
[40]
Table No 8
Distribution of the respondents with reference to their Experience in
Railway
Experience
10 to 20 years
20 to 30 years
30 to 40 years
Total
Frequency
12
19
9
40
Percentage
30%
47.50%
22.50%
100%
From the above table, it could be interpreted that 12(30%) of respondents are
in the organization since 10 to 20 years, another respondents 19(47.50%) have
20 to 30 years of experience, while 9(22.50%) of the respondent have 30 to 40
years of experience.
[41]
Table No. 9
Distribution of the respondents with reference to their type of family .
Type of Family
Joint
Nuclear
Total
Frequency
15
25
40
Percentage
37.50%
62.50%
100%
From the above table it could be show that 15(37.50%) respondents are
belongs to the joint family, while another 25(62.50%) of respondents live in
nuclear families.
So, concluding the above data it could be said that majority of the employees
live in Nuclear families.
[42]
Table No. 10
Distribution of the respondents with reference to their Nos. of dependents
Nos. Of dependents
0
1
2
3
4
5
Total
Frequency
7
4
10
10
5
4
40
Percentage
17.50%
10%
25%
25%
12.50%
10%
100%
[43]
Table No. 11
Showing information of First aid appliances
Question
Awareness about facility
Utilization of facility
Medical insurance
Yes
No
Total
(%)
40
(%)
0
40
(100%)
33
(0%)
7
100%
40
(82.50%)
23
(17.50%)
17
100%
40
(57.50%)
(42.50%)
100%
Accident policy
31
40
Free medicine
(22.50%)
33
(77.50%)
7
100%
40
Is authority maintain
(82.50%)
38
(17.50%)
2
100%
40
facility?
Whether ambulance is
(95%)
40
(5%)
0
100%
40
(100%)
40
(0%)
40
100%
40
(100%)
(100%)
100%
provided?
ISs there ambulance Room?
Above table indicate that all 40(100%) respondents are aware about this facility
33(82.50%) respondents are utilize facility as 7(17.50%) do not utilize.
23(57.50%) of respondent know about medical insurance
9(22.50%) of respondent know about accident policy
33(82.50%) of respondent know about free medicine
38(95%) respondent are agree with that authority is maintaining facility
40(100%) respondents are agreeing with providing ambulance and ambulance
room.
[44]
Table No. 12
showing information about canteen facility
Question
Is there canteen in the
organization
Utilization of facility
Yes
No
Total
(%)
40
(%)
0
40
(100%)
8
(0%)
32
100%
40
(20%)
(80%)
100%
37
40
(7.50%)
8
(92.50%)
32
100%
40
(20%)
33
(80%)
7
100%
40
(7.50%)
(92.50%)
100%
Above table indicate that 40(100%) are aware about canteen facility
Only 8(20%) respondent utilize this facility and 32(80%) do not utilize
3(7.50%) respondent are satisfied with quality of food and 8(20%) are satisfied
with the price of food and 37(92.50%) respondents want change in canteen
facility.
It could be interpret that majority of respondent are not satisfied with this
facility.
[45]
Table No. 13
Yes
No
Total
(%)
40
(%)
0
40
(100%)
9
(0%)
31
100%
40
& hygiene?
Are provided rest room?
(22.50%)
27
(77.50%)
13
100%
40
Utilization of facility
(67.50%)
5
(32.50%)
35
100%
40
(12.50%)
(87.50%)
100%
Above table indicate that401( 100%) respondents say that lunch room is
provided and only 9(22.50%) respondent are say that lunch room is clean and
27(67.50%) respondent are say that rest room is provided and 35(87.50%) of
respondents do not utilize these facility.
[46]
Table No. 14
Showing information of drinking water facility
Question
Yes
No
Total
(%)
39
(%)
1
40
in the organization?
Do you feel that adequate &
(97.50%)
19
(2.50%)
21
100%
40
(47.50%)
(52.50%)
100%
24
16
40
(60%)
11
(40%)
29
100%
40
sufficient?
Whether organization
(27.50%)
35
(72.50%)
5
100%
40
(87.50%)
(12.50%)
100%
be provided?
Utilization of facility
and35( 87.50%) of the respondent agree that organization undergo the process
of annual purification of water.
[47]
Table No. 15
Showing information of sanitary facility.
Question
Are you provided adequate
urinal & lavatory?
Is it clean & maintained
regularly?
Yes
No
Total
(%)
40
(%)
0
40
(100%)
4
(0%)
36
100%
40
(10%)
(90%)
100%
Above table indicate that40 (100%) respondent i.e. 40 out of 40 are agree with
providing adequate urinal & lavatory. And4 (10%) respondent say that this
facility is clean & maintained regularly while another 36(90%) of the
respondents are not agree with this.
[48]
Table No. 16
Showing information of housing facility (Head quarter)
Question
Yes
No
Total
(%)
37
(%)
3
40
facility?
Do you pay for this?
(92.50%)
33
(7.50%)
7
100%
40
(82.50%)
37
(17.50%)
3
100%
40
(92.50%)
(7.50%)
100%
HRA?
21
19
40
(52.50%)
(47.50%)
100%
Above table indicate that 37(92.50%) respondents say that Housing facility is
provided then 33(82.50%) of the respondents pay for this facility and remaining
7(17.50%) respondents do not pay. And 37(92.50%) respondents says that they
are provided HRA, and 21(52.50%) respondents are satisfied with the amount
of HRA while another19 (47.50%) respondents are not satisfied with amount of
HRA.
[49]
Section 3 Information about Non Statutory facilities.
Table No. 17
Showing information of Medical facility.
Question
Whether specialist doctors
facility available in the
hospital?
Does organization take care
of your families medical
need?
Whether ICU room provided
in hospital?
Yes
No
Total
(%)
40
(%)
0
40
(100%)
(0%)
100%
40
40
(100%)
(0%)
100%
40
40
(100%)
(0%)
100%
Above table indicate that all 40(100%) of the respondents agree with providing
specialist doctors facility, All 40(100%) of the respondents say that organization
take care their families medical need. And all40( 100%) of the respondents
agree with providing ICU room in hospital.
[50]
Table No. 18
Showing information of Transportation facility.
Question
Yes
No
Total
(%)
18
(%)
22
40
(45%)
7
(55%)
33
100%
40
(17.50%)
33
(82.50%)
7
100%
40
(82.50%)
(17.50%)
100%
39
40
(97.50%)
38
(2.50%)
2
100%
40
(95%)
(5%)
100%
Above table indicate that 18(45%) respondents are agree with providing
transportation facility while remaining 22(55%) are not agree with this. Then
7(17.50%) respondents say that there is charge taken for this and 33(82.50%)
respondents do not believe this. And 33(82.50%) of the respondents agree with
providing travelling allowance and 39(97.50%) i.e. majority respondents are
agree with providing parking facility. And 38(95%) respondents utilize parking
facility while only 2(5%) respondents do not utilize.
[51]
Table No. 19
Showing information of Education facility
Question
Yes
No
Total
(%)
29
(%)
11
40
(72.50%)
18
(17.50%)
22
100%
40
(45%)
(55%)
100%
children?
Is there library in your
34
40
organization?
Do you utilize library?
(85%)
20
(15%)
20
100%
40
(50%)
20
(50%)
20
100%
40
(50%)
(50%)
100%
25
15
40
(62.50%)
(37.50%)
100%
Education?
Does organization give any
award for ranker children of
employees?
[52]
Table No. 20
Showing information of Recreation facility.
Question
Does organization provide
Recreation facility?
Sports\Game
Reading room \library
Yes
No
Total
(%)
40
(%)
0
40
(100%)
(0%)
100%
40
40
(100%)
40
(0%)
0
100%
40
(100%)
(0%)
100%
40
40
Childrens camp
(100%)
0
(0%)
40
100%
40
(0%)
0
(100%)
40
100%
40
Utilization of facility
(0%)
32
(100%)
8
100%
40
(80%)
(20%)
100%
Above table indicate that all 40(100%) of the respondents agree with providing
recreation facility then all 40(100%) respondents know about sports\game,
reading room & library, cultural activity & festival then no one respondents
know about children camp and any other facility. Majority i.e.32( 80%)
respondents utilize this facility and only 8(20%) respondents do not utilize.
[53]
Table No. 21
Showing information of cooperative society & credit society.
Question
Yes
No
Total
(%)
39
(%)
1
40
society in organization?
Utilization of facility
(97.50%)
30
(2.50%)
10
100%
40
(75%)
(25%)
100%
29
11
40
(72.50%)
24
(27.50%)
16
100%
40
(60%)
(40%)
100%
society?
respondents have taken loan from this society, 24(60%) respondents satisfied
with rate of interest & 16(40%) respondents do not satisfied with rate of
interest.
[54]
Table No. 22
Showing information of Mahila samities|Handi craft centre.
Question
Yes
No
Total
(%)
38
(%)
2
40
(95%)
26
(5%)
14
100%
40
(65%)
(35%)
100%
24
16
40
(60%)
(40%)
100%
craft centre?
Is this benefited to your
family?
Above table indicate that 38(95%) respondents aware about this facility while
remaining 2(5%) respondents not aware about this facility then 26(65%)
respondents say that organization provided vocational training and 14(35%)
respondents say that organization does not provided vocational training then
24(60%) respondents believes that this is benefited to their family while
remaining 16(40%) believes that this is not benefited to their family.
[55]
Table No. 23
Showing information of Holiday Home facility
Question
Yes
No
Total
(%)
40
(%)
0
40
(100%)
39
(0%)
1
100%
40
(97.50%)
18
(2.50%)
22
100%
40
(45%)
(55%)
100%
Above table indicate that all 40(100%) respondents aware about this facility
and 39(97.50%) say that they are paying for this facility and remaining
1(2.50%) respondents say that they are not paying for this facility then 18(45%)
respondents are satisfied with provided place while remaining 22(55%)
respondents are not satisfied with provided place. So it could be interpret that
majority of respondents are not satisfied with provided place.
[56]
Table No. 24
Showing information of Any other facility
Question
Yes
No
Total
(%)
27
(%)
13
40
(67.50%)
(32.50%)
100%
time?
Whether loan is providing in
25
15
40
crises timings?
Are you happy with this type
(62.50%)
23
(37.50%)
17
100%
40
of cooperation by
(57.50%)
(42.50%)
100%
21
19
40
(52.50%)
(47.50%)
100%
management?
Would you like to have any
other facility of change in
present facility?
Above table indicate that 27( 67.50%) respondents say that company personnel
come to their home in their crises time and 13(32.50%) say that company
personnel does not come to their home in their crises time and 25(62.50%)
[57]
Showing information of Organization and efficiency.
Question
Yes
No
Total
(%)
38
(%)
2
40
(95%)
(5%)
100%
39
40
(97.50%)
38
(2.50%)
2
100%
40
(95%)
(5%)
100%
[58]
Table No. 26
Showing information of welfare officer
Question
Yes
No
Total
(%)
40
(%)
0
40
(100%)
39
(0%)
1
100%
40
(97.50%)
25
(2.50%)
15
100%
40
(62.50%)
(37.50%)
100%
14
26
40
(35%)
(65%)
100%
the organization?
Do you think welfare officer
welfare?
Does welfare officer play a
role of mediator between
worker and management?
Above table indicate that all 40(100%) respondents are aware about welfare
officer then
in the organization while 1(2.50%) respondent does not believes that welfare
officer required in the organization then 25(62.50%) respondent believes that
welfare officer take care of their welfare while15( 37.50%) respondent does not
believes that welfare officer take care of their welfare then 14(35%) respondent
believes that welfare officer play a role of mediator between worker and
management while remaining 26(65%) respondents does not believes that
welfare officer play a role of mediator between worker and management.
[59]
Section 4: Opinion about welfare facility
Table No. 27
1. First aid appliances
Particular
Highly satisfied
Satisfied
Neutral
Dissatisfied
Highly Dissatisfied
Total
Frequency
0
Percentage
0%
19
12
5
4
40
47.50%
30%
12.50%
10%
100%
Above table indicate that no one is highly satisfied with this facility, And
19(47.50%) respondents are satisfied with this facility. Another 12(30%)
respondents Are neutral, another 5(12.50%) respondents are dissatisfied,
and another 4 (10%) respondents are highly dissatisfied with this facility.
[60]
Table No. 28
2. Canteen facility
Particular
Highly satisfied
Satisfied
Neutral
Dissatisfied
Highly Dissatisfied
Total
Frequency
0
2
2
19
17
40
Percentage
0%
5%
5%
47.50%
42.50%
100%
Above table indicate that no one is highly satisfied with this facility, And
2(5%) respondents are satisfied with this facility. Another 2(5%)
respondents are neutral, another 19(47.50%) respondents are
dissatisfied, and another 17 (42.50%) respondents are highly dissatisfied
with this facility.
[61]
Table No. 29
3. Rest room, shelter, lunch room
Particular
Highly satisfied
Satisfied
Neutral
Dissatisfied
Highly Dissatisfied
Total
Frequency
0
10
10
15
5
40
Percentage
0%
25%
25%
37.50%
12.50%
100%
Above table indicate that no one is highly satisfied with this facility, And
10( 25%) respondents are satisfied with this facility. Another 10(25%)
respondents Are neutral, another 15(37.50%) respondents are
dissatisfied, and another 5 (12.50%) respondents are highly dissatisfied
with this facility.
[62]
Table No. 30
4. Drinking water facility
Particular
Highly satisfied
Satisfied
Neutral
Dissatisfied
Highly Dissatisfied
Total
Frequency
1
11
6
19
3
40
Percentage
2.50%
27.50%
15%
47.50%
7.50%
100%
[63]
Table No. 31
5. Sanitary facility
Particular
Highly satisfied
Satisfied
Neutral
Dissatisfied
Highly Dissatisfied
Total
Frequency
0
3
5
24
7
40
Percentage
0%
7.50%
12.50%
60%
17.50%
100%
Above table indicate that no one is highly satisfied with this facility, And
3(7.50%) respondents are satisfied with this facility. Another 5(12.50%)
respondents Are neutral, another 24(60%) respondents are dissatisfied,
another 7(17.50%) respondents are highly dissatisfied with this facility.
[64]
Table No. 32
6. welfare officer
Particular
Highly satisfied
Satisfied
Neutral
Dissatisfied
Highly Dissatisfied
Total
Frequency
8
14
9
7
2
40
Percentage
20%
35%
22.50%
17.50%
5%
100%
[65]
Table No. 33
7. Head quarter facility
Particular
Highly satisfied
Satisfied
Neutral
Dissatisfied
Highly Dissatisfied
Total
Frequency
8
15
9
5
3
40
Percentage
20%
37.50%
22.50%
12.50%
7.50%
100%
[66]
Table No. 34
8. Medical facility
Particular
Highly satisfied
Satisfied
Neutral
Dissatisfied
Highly Dissatisfied
Total
Frequency
12
12
7
4
5
40
Percentage
30%
30%
17.50%
10%
12.50%
100%
[67]
Table No. 35
9. Transportation facility
Particular
Highly satisfied
Satisfied
Neutral
Dissatisfied
Highly Dissatisfied
Total
Frequency
10
12
10
4
4
40
Percentage
25%
30%
25%
10%
10%
100%
[68]
Table No. 36
10.Education facility
Particular
Highly satisfied
Satisfied
Neutral
Dissatisfied
Highly Dissatisfied
Total
Frequency
10
17
7
4
2
40
Percentage
25%
42.50%
17.50%
10%
5%
100%
[69]
Table No. 37
11.Recreation facility
Particular
Highly satisfied
Satisfied
Neutral
Dissatisfied
Highly Dissatisfied
Total
Frequency
11
15
7
3
4
40
Percentage
27.50%
37.50%
17.50%
7.50%
10%
100%
[70]
Table No. 38
12.Cooperative society
Particular
Highly satisfied
Satisfied
Neutral
Dissatisfied
Highly Dissatisfied
Total
Frequency
5
19
9
7
0
40
Percentage
12.50%
47.50%
22.50%
17.50%
0%
100%
[71]
Table No. 39
13. Mahila samities/ handi craft centre
Particular
Highly satisfied
Satisfied
Neutral
Dissatisfied
Highly Dissatisfied
Total
Frequency
1
15
16
7
1
40
Percentage
2.50%
37.50%
40%
17.50%
2.50%
100%
[72]
Table No. 40
14. Holiday home facility
Particular
Highly satisfied
Satisfied
Neutral
Dissatisfied
Highly Dissatisfied
Total
Frequency
3
21
12
4
0
40
Percentage
7.50%
52.50%
30%
10%
0%
100%
[73]
Table No. 41
15. Organization & efficiency
Particular
Highly satisfied
Satisfied
Neutral
Dissatisfied
Highly Dissatisfied
Total
Frequency
2
18
10
8
2
40
Percentage
5%
45%
25%
20%
5%
100%
Above table indicate that 2(5%) respondents are highly satisfied with this
facility another 18(45%) respondents are satisfied with this facility. Another
10(25%) respondents Are neutral, another 8(20%) respondents are dissatisfied,
and another 2 (5%) respondents are highly dissatisfied with this facility
[74]
CHAPTER- IV
Finding
Conclusion
And
Suggestion
[75]
FINDING
Section 1 primary information of respondents
67.50%
respondents
are
Graduate,
and
another
12.50%
Majority
of
the
respondents
62.50%
have
designation
of
office
superintendent another 20% are clerk another 17.50% are welfare officer.
[76]
Canteen facility
All the respondents 100% are aware about canteen facility.
[77]
Majority of the respondents 60% use this facility.
Majority of the respondents 72.50% believes that this facility is not sufficient.
Majority of the respondents 87.50% agree that organization undergo the
process of annual purification of water.
Sanitation facility
Majority 90% respondents believe that it is not clean and maintained regularly.
Transportation facility
Majority 55% respondents are not agreeing with providing transportation
facility.
Majority respondents 82.50% say that there is no any charge for this facility.
Majority respondents 82.50% are provided travelling allowance.
Majority 97.50% respondents are provided parking facility.
Majority 95% respondents use this facility.
[78]
Education facility
Majority respondents 72.50% provided this facility.
Half of the respondents 50% utilize thr facility of library.
Half of the respondents 50% believe that organization give loan for their
childrens education.
Majority respondents 62.50% agree that award are being given for their ranker
children.
Recreation facility
All the respondents 100% provided this facility
All the respondents 100% are aware about sports/game.
All the respondents 100% are aware about reading room/library
All the respondents 100% are aware about culture activity & festival.
All the respondents 100% do not know about children camp.
All the respondents 100% do not know about any other recreation facility.
Welfare officer
All the respondents 100% are aware about welfare officer
[80]
Majority respondents 35% are satisfied with this facility while 22.50%
respondents are neutral with this facility.
Majority respondents 37.50% are satisfied with this facility while 22.50%
respondents are neutral with this facility.
Majority respondents 30% are satisfied with this facility while another
30% are highly satisfied with this facility.
Majority respondents 30% are satisfied with this facility and 25% are
high satisfied and 25% are neutral with this facility.
[81]
Majority respondents 42.50% are satisfied with this facility and 25% are
Majority respondents 47.50% are satisfied with this facility and 22.50%
are neutral with this facility.
Majority respondents 40% are neutral with this facility and 37.50% are
satisfied with this facility.
Majority respondents 45% are satisfied with this facility and 25% are
neutral with this facility.
[82]
Conclusion
On the basis of above findings we draw conclusions about the opinion and
utilization of welfare services provided by the organization
The word labour welfare means any productive activity. Thus, in a broder
sense, the phrase labour welfare means the adoption of measures to promote
the physical, social, psychological and general well being of the working
population, welfare work in any organization aims at improving the working
living condition of employees and their families. The study conducted to know
about perception of employees towards welfare facility and from finding and
data analysis the result came as both side positive as well as negative
perception.
It can be concluded from the above findings and data analysis, a majority
of respondents are in the high age group, so, from it we could identified
that most of the respondents have a very long period of service.
The result could be drawn data the majority of respondents have more
Responsibility of their family as they have 2 or 3 nos. of dependents.
It could be therefore said that all the respondents are educated and
Most of the respondents have designation of office superintendent.
All the respondents are aware about first aid appliance. All are known
about free medicine and ambulance room.
[83]
It could also be said that majority employees are not satisfied with price
charged on food items and quality of food. So, they do not take
advantages of canteen facility.
.It could be analyzed that majority of employees are satisfied and have
positive attitude with medical facility of organization
It could be said that half of the respondents uses loan facility provided by
organization.
It could be analyzed that all the employees have positive attitude towards
recreation facility and they get use of these with their full satisfaction.
It could be analyzed that all the employees are not happy with this type
of cooperation by management.
[84]
It could be analyzed that all the workers are feel that now government
must make any changes in present labour laws and feel that welfare
facility required for efficient quality production.
[85]
Suggestion
Most of the employee does not enjoy canteen facility, if proper reason
is found as quality of food and price of food then, it will help
management to improve the canteen facility at fullest. Clean & pure
drinking water should be provided in canteen. There should be
change in menu of canteen means there can be kept variety of food
daily.
[86]
BIBLIOGRAPHY
A) Books
1.
Jain S. P
2. Mamoria ,Gankar
Dynamic of IR
Himalaya Publishing House
Thirteenth revised addition
4. Sharma A.M.
Aspect of labour and Social security
Himalaya Publishing House.
B) Websites
1. Www. Yahoo.com
2. Www. Wekipedia.com
3. Www.google.com
[88]
Annexure
I Megha Thakkar pursuing PGDHRM, from Faculty of social work M. S.
University, Baroda .To fulfill our curriculum we need to undergo dissertation
work. The title of my research work is EMPLOYEES PERCEPTION TOWARDS
WELFARE FACILITIES. The information collected will be kept confidential & will
be only used for academic purpose .You are requested to tick mark ( ) any one
of the respective responsive category.Kindly response to each item.
QUESTIONNAIRE
Section : 1 Primary information of Respondents :(1)
Name of Respondents
: ______________________
(2)
Age
: ______________________
(3)
Sex
: (a) Male
(b) Female
(4)
Marital status
: (a) Married
(b) Unmarried
(5)
Type of resident
: Rent\Own\Head quarter
(6)
Education
: (a) Illiterate
(b) Primary
(c) Secondary
(d) Higher Secondary
(e) Graduate
(f) Post graduate
(g) Any other Specify
(7)
Designation
: _____________________
(8)
Department
: ______________________
(9)
:______________________
: Joint
Nuclear
(11)
Nos. of dependents
: _______________________
[90]
Yes
No
Yes
No
Question
Are you provided lunch Room?
Whether lunch room is clean & hygiene?
Are you provided with rest room facilities?
Do you utilize above stated facilities?
Yes
No
[91]
Yes
No
Question
1.Are you provided with adequate urinals &
Lavatory?
2. It is clean and maintained regularly?
Yes
No
Yes
No
HRA?
4 If yes, Are you satisfied with the amount of HRA?
Yes
No
[92]
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
[93]
f) CO- OPERATIVE SOCIETY AND CO-OPERATIVE CREDIT
SOCIETY
:Question
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
a) ____________________
b) ____________________
c) ____________________
[94]
Yes
No
Yes
No
Question
Do you have welfare officer in your company?
Do you think a welfare officer is required in
Your company?
Does your welfare officer take care of your
Welfare?
Does welfare officer play a role of mediator
Between worker and management?
[95]
Section 4: WHAT IS YOUR OPINION ABOUT FOLLOWING FACILITY?
Sr.
No.
1]
2]
3]
4]
5]
6]
7]
8]
9]
10]
11]
Name of Welfare
Facility
First aid
appliances
Canteen facility
Rest Room,
Shelter,
Lunch Room
Drinking water
facility
Sanitary facility
Welfare officer
Head quarter
facility
Medical facility
Transportation
facility
Educational facility
Recreation club
Highly
Satisfied
Satisfied
Neutral
Dissatisfied
Highly
Dissatisfied
12]
13]
14]
15]
Co-operative
society
Mahila
samities/Handi
craft centre
Holiday home
facility
Organization and
Efficiency
[96]