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A domain name is an identification string that defines a realm of administrative autonomy, authority or control within the Internet.
Domain names are formed by the rules and procedures of the Domain Name System (DNS). Any name registered in the DNS is a
domain name.
Domain names are used in various networking contexts and application-specific naming and addressing purposes. In general, a
domain name represents an Internet Protocol (IP) resource, such as a personal computer used to access the Internet, a server
computer hosting a web site, or the web site itself or any other service communicated via the Internet. In 2014, the number of active
domains reached 271 million.[1]
Domain names are organized in subordinate levels (subdomains) of the DNS root domain, which is nameless. The first-level set of
domain names are the top-level domains (TLDs), including the generic top-level domains (gTLDs), such as the prominent
domains com, info, net, edu, and org, and the country code top-level domains (ccTLDs). Below these top-level domains in the DNS
hierarchy are the second-level and third-level domain names that are typically open for reservation by end-users who wish to connect
local area networks to the Internet, create other publicly accessible Internet resources or run web sites. The registration of these
domain names is usually administered by domain name registrars who sell their services to the public.
A fully qualified domain name (FQDN) is a domain name that is completely specified in the hierarchy of the DNS, having no parts
omitted.
Labels in the Domain Name System are case-insensitive, and may therefore be written in any desired capitalization method, but most
commonly domain names are written in lowercase in technical contexts.
Dedicated Hosting:
Dedicated hosting is the provision of a dedicated server machine that is dedicated to the traffic to your Web
site. Only very busy sites require dedicated hosting. Many companies purchase their own servers and place
them on a site that provides fast access to the Internet. This practice is called colocation.
Hosting Servers:
A server dedicated to hosting a service or services for users. Hosting servers are most often used for
hosting Web sites but can also be used for hosting files, images, games and similar content. Hosting servers
can be shared among many clients (shared hosting servers) or dedicated to a single client (dedicated servers),
the latter of which is particularly common for larger Web sites where the hosting needs of the Web site owner
necessitate more control and/or bandwidth.
A web hosting service is a type of Internet hosting service that allows individuals and organizations to make
their website accessible via the World Wide Web. Web hosts are companies that provide space on
a server owned or leased for use by clients, as well as providingInternet connectivity, typically in a data center.
Web hosts can also provide data center space and connectivity to the Internet for other servers located in their
data center, called colocation, also known as Housing in Latin America or France.
The scope of web hosting services varies greatly. The most basic is web page and small-scale file hosting,
where files can be uploadedvia File Transfer Protocol (FTP) or a Web interface. The files are usually delivered to
the Web "as is" or with minimal processing. ManyInternet service providers (ISPs) offer this service free to
subscribers. Individuals and organizations may also obtain Web page hosting from alternative service providers.
Personal web site hosting is typically free, advertisement-sponsored, or inexpensive. Business web site hosting
often has a higher expense depending upon the size and type of the site.
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Single page hosting is generally sufficient for personal web pages. A complex site calls for a more
comprehensive package that provides database support and application development platforms
(e.g. PHP, Java, Ruby on Rails, ColdFusion, or ASP.NET). These facilities allow customers to write or install
scripts for applications like forums and content management. Also, Secure Sockets Layer(SSL) is typically used
for e-commerce.