GROUNDING E11-E02, E03, S01, S02, S03

Grounding shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 70, Article 250.

Grounding conductors extended above grade and exposed to possible damage shall be protected
with Schedule 40 PVC conduit.
The resistance to ground shall not exceed one Ohm.
Preliminary grid conductor size shall be a minimum of 95 mm
The grid conductors shall be laid out in a square pattern.
When specified, driven rod or pipe electrodes shall not be less than 3 meters in length.
When specified, conduit or pipe electrodes shall not be smaller than 19 mm trade size.
When specified, iron or steel electrode rods shall be at least 16 mm in diameter.
When specified, nonferrous rods shall be listed and shall not be less than 13 mm in diameter.
Driven electrodes shall be installed to a depth of at least 3 meters. If soil conditions do not permit
a depth of 3 meters, the electrode shall be driven on an oblique angle of at least 45 degrees from
vertical, or buried in a trench to a minimum depth of 760 mm.
Cable Tray Bonding Jumper 35MM2
The essential generator and transformers shall be grounded to the ground loop, minimum from
two points.
All lightning protection air terminals shall be in strict compliance with NFPA 780,
Each air terminal shall have at least two paths to ground.
Where static protection of piping or ductwork is required, each section and each fitting shall have
no more than 100 ohms resistance to grounded building steel.
Lightning Bends shall not have an included angle of more than 90 degrees and shall have a
minimum radius of 200 mm.
A minimum of 2 down conductors shall be installed for each structure. For structures having a
perimeter greater than 76 m, an additional down conductor shall be installed for every 30 m of
perimeter.
A minimum size of 6-mm copper wire or larger is satisfactory for bonding where there is no
danger of mechanical injury; otherwise 25-mmwire is required
The connection to the main ground grid shall be 70 mm2 copper wire or larger.
At loading stations a 35-mm2 cable (single conductor stranded copper welding cable with
neoprene jacket) with battery type clip cramped to the end shall be provided for grounding the
metallic frame of the tank trucks.

CABLE TRAY E24-C01, S01

Metallic cable tray shall be designed, manufactured and tested in accordance with NEMA VE-1.
Fiberglass tray shall comply with NEMA FG-1.
Lengths of straight sections shall be 3.05, 3.66, 6.10, and 7.32 m (10, 12, 20 and 24 ft
respectively)
Widths shall be 152, 305, 457, 610, 762 and 914 mm (6, 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 in respectively)
Depths shall be 76.2, 102, 127 and 152 mm (3, 4, 5, and 6 in respectively) minimum usable load
depth
Radii of bends shall be 305, 610 and 914 mm (12, 24, and 36 in respectively)
Degree of arc for elbows shall be 30, 45, 60, or 90 degrees
For ladder-type trays, the rung spacing on straight sections shall be 229 mm (9 in) on centers
Straight section covers for steel and aluminum trays shall be pre-galvanized sheet steel, and shall
be furnished in 3048 mm (10 ft) lengths

According to NEC 392.9 (B), when using ventilated tray with multiconductor control cable, the
sum of the cross sectional areas shall not exceed 50 percent of the interior cross section of the
tray
Cable tray shall be supported on straight horizontal runs at a maximum span of 6100 mm (20 ft)
and within 915 mm (3 ft) of fittings. Vertical cable tray runs shall be supported 2400 mm (8 feet)
maximum.
Cable tray splices shall be made so that connectors between horizontal straight section of cable
tray runs fall between the support point and the quarter point of the span. Splice points shall not
be made directly over support joints
Expansion joints shall be installed in each straight run of outdoor cable tray not to exceed 18.2
meters (60 feet) in length and in each straight run of indoor cable tray not to exceed 36.5 meters
(120 feet) in length.
All cable tray systems shall be connected to the plant grounding system at intervals of 150 meters
(490 feet) and at each end. Bonding jumpers, heavy duty tinned copper braid, shall be installed at
all expansion connectors. All cable tray systems shall be bonded together at intervals of 150
meters (490 feet) and at each end.
The minimum working space around cable trays shall be 1020 mm (40-inches) on at least one
side of a single tray, 1020 mm (40-inches) on both sides of two trays installed parallel to each
other. The minimum vertical separation between trays shall be 510 mm (20-inches).
Cable shall be secured in vertical runs of cable trays by the use of stainless steel clips. Horizontal
runs of cable shall be secured through the use of black nylon, sunlight resistant cable ties. Cable
ties shall be installed every 1372 mm (54 inches) on horizontal runs and every 457 mm (18
inches) on vertical runs.

CONDUIT E23, C01, S01

The conduit shall be furnished in nominal 10 ft. (3.05 m) lengths, threaded on each end with one
Coupling attached, unless otherwise stated in this specification
All conduit and fittings shall have a minimum of 5 threads fully engaged at all connections.
Installing thread less conduit fittings on threaded conduits is prohibited.
All conduit threads shall be made with a standard conduit-cutting die and shall have 19mm(3/4")
Taper per 305mm (12") length. Running threads are not permitted.
A 15.2 m (50-ft) run with no more than three 90-degree or equivalent bends
A 30.4 m (100-ft) run with no more than two 90-degree or equivalent bends
A 45.6 m (150-ft) run with no more than one 90-degree or equivalent bend
A 60.8 m (200-ft) straight run with no bends
One wire can fill only 53% of a raceway, and two wires can fill only 31%. And if you have more
than 2 conductors in a raceway, the maximum fill is 40%.
A vertical conduit drop exceeding 6 m (20 feet) shall have a drain fitting installed at the low point.
Adequate provision shall be made for all straight horizontal conduit runs in excess of 50 meters
for thermal expansion. All expansion fittings shall include jumpers for grounding continuity.
Conduit runs shall avoid obstructions and unnecessary bends. Where possible conduit runs
shall be a minimum of 100 mm (4 inches) from fireproofed steel and insulated hot fluid lines, or
any un insulated hot object over 150 degrees C (302 degrees F).
Conduit routed on columns or vessels may be supported by ladder supports. Where it is
necessary to route the conduit between the ladder and the column or vessel, maintain a minimum
of 153 mm (6 inches) for toe space.
The smallest size to be used shall be 19 mm (3/4 inch) EMT.EMT shall not be used for power
feeder runs, rated 480 volts or above.