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Prof. Rothman
http://www.chemistry.wustl.edu/~courses/genchem/LabTutorials/Cytochromes/images/Proteins.jpg
Lecture 15 Oxidative
Phosphorylation
Stoichiometry of Coupling
P/O ratio: number of ATP/2 e- through
the ET chain (i.e., per O reduced)
Determined experimentally by measuring
O2 consumption and ATP production
Depends on substrate:
Substrate
P/O
NADH
2.5
Succinate (FADH2)
1.5
Matrix
TCA
NAD+
NADH
FADH2
FAD
H+
ETS
H+
H+
ATP
ADP
+ Pi
H 2O
O2
ATP
IMS
+ synthase
H
IMS
Proton-Motive Force
Energy to drive ATP synthesis is combination of
pH and charge difference across membrane:
2.3RT
F
pH
Energy in pH Gradient
Converting pmf to Go (pmf = E):
Go = -nFEo = -22 kJ / mol
Compare: ADP + Pi ATP Go = +31 kJ / mol
DNP
Outside
(IMS)
Inside
(matrix)
ATP Synthase
Proton flux through ATP synthase
drives ATP synthesis
ATP synthase:
Large; lollipops in electron
microscope
Two separable components:
F1: faces matrix;
synthesizes ATP
F0: spans IM; H+ channel
IMS
Matrix
NAD+
ATP/ADP shuttle:
Antiporter: ADPcytosolATPmatrix
driven by ; ATP4- and ADP3- exchanged
Phosphate shuttle:
Symporter of phosphate and H+
driven by pH
MCDB 110
Prof. Rothman
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Sunlight_Th
rough_Leaves.jpg
Lecture 16 Photosynthesis
ATP
Photosynthesis
6 H2O
+ 6 CO2
Mitochondria
hv
Chloroplasts
C6H12O6
+ 6 O2
Light Reactions
light energy + H2O
chemical energy (NADPH + ATP) + O2
Similar to mitochondria
Triple membrane system:
Thylakoid: light reactions
Stroma: dark reactions
Chlorophylls
Chlorophyll
Bacteriochlorophyll