MOLAR VOLUME OF GAS

I.

PURPOSE
Determine the relative volume of the substance in different forms.
Knowing the properties of matter in a different form.
Knowing the relative mass of a substance

II. BASIC THEORY

Substances can be defined as anything that has mass and occupies space, which
occupies the space is intended to have the volume. Substances can be divided
into three types, among others, solids, liquids and gases.
The solid is an object that has a fixed shape and volume. In addition solids have
particle properties, particle movement just a vibration around its fixed position,
attractive forces between the particles is very strong. And because of the
gravitational pull on the solids are very strong then form solids tend to remain
when no force or influence the reaction.
Liquid substance is a substance that can change shape according to the
container (place). Because, the tensile force between particles is weaker than the
solids. The distance between the particles that cause VOLUME liquid remains
fixed, FAST particle movement causes the liquid always follows the shape of the
container.
Gas is an object phase in molecular bonds, may take the form of liquids, solids,
molecular bond will be released at a temperature of vapor point objects. Gas has
the ability to flow and can change shape. However, different from the amount of
fluid that fills the specific volume, gas always fills a volume of space, they
expand and fill the space wherever they are. Gas particles of matter has the
following properties:

has a particle distance fluctuations

Almost no attractive force
The movement of particles is free compared to solid and liquid

Gas has physical properties that are typical:

The gas has a volume and shape resembling a container.

 The gases will be mixed evenly and perfectly when placed in the same
container.
The gas has a much lower density than the liquid and solids.
Gases have different properties, the gas can be placed in a closed place, but if
put in place greater than the original volume, the gas can fill the place evenly.
Where the gas has specific properties such as:
Be sensitive to changes in temperature
Be sensitive to changes in pressure
Molar volume of gas states that the volume of 1 mole of gas at a certain
temperature and pressure. If the measurement is performed at a temperature of
0 C and a pressure of 1 atm, the molar volume of a gas called standard molar
volume. Because the temperatur condition 0 o C and pressure of 1 atm is the
standard state gas and abbreviated STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure).
IV. HOW TO WORK
Lighters butane fuel and translucent walls prepared. . Lighters are weighed and
estimated volume of liquid butane lighters in the. Measuring cup full of water is
placed upside down on top of a bucket of water. This measuring cup will serve as
a reservoir of gas. Two other measuring cup full of water prepared. Valve of
lighters opened and tied with a rubber pipe so that the valve is open
continuously. Quickly lighters are placed on the underside of the gas reservoir so
that gas released accommodated. When the tool has a full container marked and
recorded, then replaced with another container tool. The liberated gas is
collected until a match is almost empty. Valve of lighters are closed. All butane
gas collected is recorded. Back lighters are weighed again and estimate the
volume of the liquid turns into a gas butane. The comparison of the volume of
butane gas with a volume equal mass of liquid butane calculated.
V. DATA OBSERVATIONS
a. matches
b. Butane liquid

VII. DISCUSSION
Comparison between the liquid volume and the volume of gas butane butane are
as follows:
(V butane liquid) / (V butane gas) = 4ml / 1025ml = 1ml / 256,25ml
In practical use butane gas molar volume of the liquid fuel lighters from butane.
Form of butane is used in liquid form, colored translucent and is usually used for
fuels including LPG gas cylinder filling and filling a gas lighter. If seen from the
molecular formula C4H10 with butane is relative mass 58 g / mol.
Initial mass lighters used by the end of the mass there is a change, the initial
mass of 17.9 grams lighter while the final mass was 15.8 grams lighter. Thus, in
this experiment the mass produced butane liquid turns into a gas at 2.1 grams.
When charging the water in the tube and the tube behind the bucket. Inside the
tube should not be any bubbles because it can affect the volume of water in the
tube (in the bucket). The tubes used this time to have a volume of 500 ml.
In the liquid butane, which are known before the beginning of the volume used
was 4 mL. After the experiment the volume to 0 (exhausted). The liquid when in
dip it in a bucket of water and inverted test tube, the liquid turns into a gas,
manifested by the presence of bubbles while in the water. The bubbles make the
water in the tube is reduced and showed that the reduced water is butane gas
from the match. So that the results obtained butane gas volume of 1025 mL.
Based on lab results molar volume of gas, there is a difference Mr. butane gas
tested with Mr. pure butane gas. With a temperature of 27oC, Mr. tested butane
obtained 50.4 g / mol, whereas pure butane gas is 58 g / mol. This difference is
caused by several factors, including:
Estimated volume of less approaching the result
Balance weighing less works best
When weighing back, there is still water in the match
Valve of lighters is not tied with a rubber pipe, so it is sometimes closed for a
while due to fatigue praktikan hand holding the valve matches.

VIII. CONCLUSION
In this experiment, we can conclude several things, among others:
Physical properties of gases, among others:
Gas has a volume and shape to resemble a container
Distance anar gas particles so far
Gas sensitive to changes in temperature and pressure
Have the same gas pressure in all directions
Keratan gas molecules are very small so that the volume is easy to change in
accordance with the place.
Volume 1 mole of gas at a certain temperature and pressure expressed by the
molar volume of the gas. Standard molar volume is the molar volume of gas
when the measurements were performed at 1 atm pressure or temperature
0oC.
Determine the molar volume of a gas at standard conditions is done by weighing
the amount of a certain volume of gas in the tube of known weight of the empty
tube of the gas at a temperature of 0 C and a pressure of 1 atm.
Ideal gas equation PV = nRT is. The ideal gas equation is obtained from the ideal
gas law, namely:
Boyle's Law: at a constant temperature and number of moles remain valid P 1 /
V
Charles's Law: the pressure and the number of moles fixed, then V T
Avogadro's Hypothesis: the pressure and temperature is constant, then V n