PHY094

FOUNDATION PHYSICS 1
NEWTONS LAWS OF
MOTIONcont

Megat Mohd Izhar Sapeli

(B.Sc Physics (Hons), M.Sc Microelectronics)
Bilik Pensyarah 21
Level 7, FSK 1,5
UiTM Puncak Alam

Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

megatizhar@puncakalam.uitm.edu.my
+60332584961

Units of Chapter 5
5.1 Force and Mass
5.2 Newtons First Law of Motion
5.3 Newtons Second Law of Motion
5.4 Newtons Third Law of Motion
5.5 The Vector Nature of Forces: Forces in
Two Dimensions

5.6 Weight
5.7 Normal Forces

11.1 Torque
Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

5-6 Weight
The weight of an object on the Earths surface
is the gravitational force exerted on it by the
Earth.

F ma

W mg
W mg

W mg
Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Apparent weight:
When elevator moving downward comes to rest,
we feel heavier.
When elevator moving upward comes to rest,
we feel lighter.

ma

Wa W ma
Wa ma W
Wa ma mg
Wa m(a g )
Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

5-7 Normal Forces

The normal force is

the force exerted by
a surface on an
object.
Normal force always
perpendicular to the
surface.
The normal force may be
equal to, greater than, or
less than the weight.
Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

m 12kg
F 45 N
20
N ?

ma

Wy Fy N y ma
mg F sin 20 N 0
N mg F sin 20
N (12)(9.81) 45sin 20
N 103 N
Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

The normal force is always perpendicular to

the surface.

Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Wx W sin mg sin
Wy W cos mg cos
Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

11-1 Torque
From experience, we know that the same force
will be much more effective at rotating an
object such as a nut or a door if our hand is not
too close to the axis.

Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

We define a quantity called torque:

rF
The SI unit for torque is N.m

The torque increases as the force increases,

and also as the distance increases.
Consider only F tangent to r
Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Only the tangential component of force causes

a torque:

Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

This leads to a more general definition of torque:

r ( F sin )

rF

Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

If the torque causes a counterclockwise angular

acceleration, it is positive; if it causes a
clockwise angular acceleration, it is negative.

Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Summary of Chapter 5
Force: a push or pull

Mass: measures the difficulty in

accelerating an object
Newtons first law: if the net force on an
object is zero, its velocity is constant
Inertial frame of reference: one in which the
first law holds

Newtons second law: F ma

Free-body diagram: a sketch showing all the

forces on an object
Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Summary of Chapter 5

F
Newtons third law: If object 1 exerts a force

on object 2, then object 2 exerts a force F on

object 1.
Contact forces: an action-reaction pair of
forces produced by two objects in physical
contact

Forces are vectors

Newtons laws can be applied to each
component of the forces independently
Weight: gravitational force exerted by the Earth
on an object
Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

Summary of Chapter 5
On the surface of the Earth, W = mg
Apparent weight: force felt from contact with a
floor or scale

Normal force: force exerted perpendicular to a

surface by that surface
Normal force may be equal to, lesser than, or
greater than the objects weight

Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.