Art of War

Appear weak when you are strong, and strong when you are weak.
Sun Tzu, The Art of War

tags: deception, life, war
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The supreme art of war is to subdue the enemy without fighting.

tags: diplomacy, strategy, victory, war
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If you know the enemy and know yourself, you need not fear the result of a hundred
battles. If you know yourself but not the enemy, for every victory gained you will also
suffer a defeat. If you know neither the enemy nor yourself, you will succumb in every
battle.
tags: strategy
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Supreme excellence consists of breaking the enemy's resistance without fighting.

tags: politics, success, war
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Let your plans be dark and impenetrable as night, and when you move, fall like a
thunderbolt.
tags: business, strategy, war
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Victorious warriors win first and then go to war, while defeated warriors go to war first
and then seek to win
tags: strategy
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All warfare is based on deception. Hence, when we are able to attack, we must seem
unable; when using our forces, we must appear inactive; when we are near, we must
make the enemy believe we are far away; when far away, we must make him believe we
are near.
tags: deception, strategy, tactics, war, warfare
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If your enemy is secure at all points, be prepared for him. If he is in superior strength,
evade him. If your opponent is temperamental, seek to irritate him. Pretend to be weak,
that he may grow arrogant. If he is taking his ease, give him no rest. If his forces are
united, separate them. If sovereign and subject are in accord, put division between
them. Attack him where he is unprepared, appear where you are not expected .
tags: preparation, security, strategy, tactics, war
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The art of war is of vital importance to the State. It is a matter of life and death, a road
either to safety or to ruin. Hence it is a subject of inquiry which can on no account be
neglected.
tags: importance, safety, state, war
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Engage people with what they expect; it is what they are able to discern and confirms
their projections. It settles them into predictable patterns of response, occupying their
minds while you wait for the extraordinary moment that which they cannot
anticipate.
tags: opportunity, people, predictability, surprise
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Thus we may know that there are five essentials for victory:
1 He will win who knows when to fight and when not to fight.
2 He will win who knows how to handle both superior and inferior forces.
3 He will win whose army is animated by the same spirit throughout all its ranks.
4 He will win who, prepared himself, waits to take the enemy unprepared.
5 He will win who has military capacity and is not interfered with by the sovereign.
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There is no instance of a nation benefitting from prolonged warfare.

tags: benefit, war
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Move swift as the Wind and closely-formed as the Wood. Attack like the Fire and be
still as the Mountain.
tags: elements, war
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When the enemy is relaxed, make them toil. When full, starve them. When settled,
make them move.
tags: the-art-of-war
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The greatest victory is that which requires no battle.

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In the midst of chaos, there is also opportunity

Sun Tzu, A Arte da Guerra
tags: business, strategy
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There is no instance of a country having benefited from prolonged warfare.

tags: military-theory
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Treat your men as you would your own beloved sons. And they will follow you into the
deepest valley.
tags: art-of-war, sun-tzu
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When you surround an army, leave an outlet free. Do not press a desperate foe too
hard.
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There are not more than five musical notes, yet the combinations of these five give rise
to more melodies than can ever be heard.
There are not more than five primary colours, yet in combination
they produce more hues than can ever been seen.
There are not more than five cardinal tastes, yet combinations of
them yield more flavours than can ever be tasted.

tags: diversity, idic
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So in war, the way is to avoid what is strong, and strike at what is weak.
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One may know how to conquer without being able to do it.

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To win one hundred victories in one hundred battles is not the acme of skill. To subdue
the enemy without fighting is the acme of skill
tags: art-of-war, strategy, victory
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What the ancients called a clever fighter is one who not only wins, but excels in winning
with ease.
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He who is prudent and lies in wait for an enemy who is not, will be victorious.
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If you know the enemy and know yourself, your victory will not stand in doubt; if you
know Heaven and know Earth, you may make your victory complete.
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who wishes to fight must first count the cost

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Thus the expert in battle moves the enemy, and is not moved by him.
tags: chapter-6, roger-ames
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Anger may in time change to gladness; vexation may be succeeded by content.

But a kingdom that has once been destroyed can never come again into being; nor can
the dead ever be brought back to life.
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Rouse him, and learn the principle of his activity or inactivity. Force him to reveal
himself, so as to find out his vulnerable spots.
If soldiers are punished before they have grown attached to you, they will not prove
submissive;
and, unless submissive, then will be practically useless. If, when the soldiers have
become attached
to you, punishments are not enforced, they will still be unless.
tags: charisma, discipline, leadership, relationship
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Attack him where he is unprepared, appear where you are not expected.
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If your opponent is of choleric temper, seek to irritate him. Pretend to be weak, that he
may grow arrogant.
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Ponder and deliberate before you make a move.

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There are roads which must not be followed, armies which must not be attacked, towns
which must not be besieged, positions which must not be contested, commands of the
sovereign which must not be obeyed.
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The wise warrior avoids the battle.

tags: inspirational
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If ignorant both of your enemy and yourself, you are certain to be in peril.
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The whole secret lies in confusing the enemy, so that he cannot fathom our real
intent.
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Knowing the enemy enables you to take the offensive, knowing yourself enables you to
stand on the defensive.
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The skillful tactician may be likened to the shuai-jan. Now the shuai-jan is a snake that
is found in the Ch'ang mountains. Strike at its head, and you will be attacked by its tail;
strike at its tail, and you will be attacked by its head; strike at its middle, and you will be
attacked by head and tail both.
tags: tactics, warfare
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If his forces are united, separate them.

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But a kingdom that has once been destroyed can never come again into being; nor can
the dead ever be brought back to life.
tags: death, life, sun-tzu, the-art-of-war
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Attack is the secret of defense; defense is the planning of an attack.

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Move not unless you see an advantage; use not your troops unless there is something
to be gained; fight not unless the position is critical.
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It is only the enlightened ruler and the wise general who will use the highest
intelligence of the army for the purposes of spying, and thereby they achieve great
results.
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If you know yourself but not the enemy, for every victory gained you will also suffer a
defeat.
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Hence a commander who advances without any thought of winning personal fame and
withdraws in spite of certain punishment, whose only concern is to protect his people
and promote the interests of his ruler, is the nation's treasure. Because he fusses over
his men as if they were infants, they will accompany him into the deepest valleys;
because he fusses over his men as if they were his own beloved sons, they will die by his
side. If he is generous with them and yet they do not do as he tells them, if he loves them
and yet they do not obey his commands, if he is so undisciplined with them that he
cannot bring them into proper order, they will be like spoiled children who can be put to
no good use at all.
tags: chapter-10, roger-ames
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Hence to fight and conquer in all your battles is not supreme excellence; supreme
excellence consists in breaking the enemy's resistance without fighting.
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Hence that general is skilful in attack whose opponent does not know what to defend;
and he is skilful in defense whose opponent does not know what to attack.
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He will win who, prepared himself, waits to take the enemy unprepared.
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Those skilled at making the enemy move do so by creating a situation to which he must
conform; they entice him with something he is certain to take, and with lures of
ostensible profit they await him in strength.
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Do not repeat the tactics which have gained you one victory, but let your methods be
regulated by the infinite variety of circumstances.
Ralph D. Sawyer, The Art of War
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The end and aim of spying in all its five varieties is knowledge of the enemy; and this
knowledge can only be derived, in the first instance, from the converted spy. Hence it is
essential that the converted spy be treated with the utmost liberality.
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If he sends reinforcements everywhere, he will everywhere be weak.

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Never venture, never win!

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Great results, can be achieved with small forces.

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mystify, mislead, and surprise the enemy

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Conform to the enemy's tactics until a favorable opportunity offers; then come forth
and engage in a battle that shall prove decisive.
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Foreknowledge cannot be gotten from ghosts and spirits, cannot be had by analogy,
cannot be found out by calculation. It must be obtained from people, people who know
the conditions of the enemy.
tags: chinese, empiricism, epistemology, military-philosophy, philosophy, war
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Bravery without forethought, causes a man to fight blindly and desperately like a mad
bull. Such an opponent, must not be encountered with brute force, but may be lured
into an ambush and slain.
Begin by seizing something which your opponent holds dear; then he will be amenable
to your will.
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who does not know the evils of war cannot appreciate its benefits
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He who advances without seeking fame,

Who retreats without escaping blame,
He whose one aim is to protect his people and serve his lord,
The man is a jewel of the Realm
tags: fame, jewel, retreat
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Rewards for good service should not be deferred a single day.

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do many calculations lead to victory, and few calculations to defeat

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Success in warfare is gained by carefully accommodating ourselves to the enemy's

purpose.
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Know your enemy and know yourself and you can fight a hundred battles without
disaster
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Whether in an advantageous position or a disadvantageous one, the opposite state

should be always present to your mind.
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If there is disturbance in the camp, the general's authority is weak.

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By reinforcing every part, he weakens every part.

tags: wtf420bcblazinitsuntzu
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You can be sure of succeeding in your attacks if you only attack places which are
undefended.
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When the outlook is bright, bring it before their eyes; but tell them nothing when the
situation is gloomy.
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Conceal your dispositions, and your condition will remain secret, which leads to
victory; show your dispositions, and your condition will become patent, which leads to
defeat.
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Disorder came from order, fear came from courage, weakness came from strength.
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the worst calamities that befall an army arise from hesitation

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The good fighters of old first put themselves beyond the possibility of defeat, and then
waited for an opportunity of defeating the enemy.
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A clever general, therefore, avoids an army when its spirit is keen, but attacks it when it
is sluggish and inclined to return. This is the art of studying moods.
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There are not more than five primary colors (blue, yellow, red, white, and black), yet
in combination they produce more hues than can ever been seen.
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You can ensure the safety of your defense if you only hold positions that cannot be
attacked.

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When your army has crossed the border, you should burn your boats and bridges, in
order to make it clear to everybody that you have no hankering after home.
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To lift an autumn hair is no sign of great strength; to see the sun and moon is no sign of
sharp sight; to hear the noise of thunder is no sign of a quick ear.
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The spot where we intend to fight must not be made known; for then the enemy will
have to prepare against a possible attack at several different points;
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We cannot enter into alliances until we are acquainted with the designs of our
neighbors.
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When the common soldiers are too strong and their officers too weak, the result is
INSUBORDINATION.
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When the officers are too strong and the common soldiers too weak, the result is
COLLAPSE.
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The art of war is of vital importance to the State.

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It is easy to love your friend, but sometimes the hardest lesson to learn is to love your
enemy.
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So long as victory can be attained, stupid haste is preferable to clever dilatoriness.

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Unhappy is the fate of one who tries to win his battles and succeed in his attacks
without cultivating the spirit of enterprise; for the result is waste of time and general
stagnation.
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No ruler should put troops into the field merely to gratify his own spleen; no general
should fight a battle simply out of pique.
The art of war, then, is governed by five constant factors, to be taken into account in
one's deliberations, when seeking to determine the conditions obtaining in the field.
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If we wish to wrest an advantage from the enemy, we must not fix our minds on that
alone, but allow for the possibility of the enemy also doing some harm to us, and let this
enter as a factor into our calculations.
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These military devices, leading to victory, must not be divulged beforehand.

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if you fight with all your might, there is a chance of life; where as death is certain if you
cling to your corner
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Danger has a bracing effect.

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When the general is weak and without authority; when his orders are not clear and
distinct; when there are no fixed duties assigned to officers and men, and the ranks are
formed in a slovenly haphazard manner, the result is utter disorganization.
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Sun Tzu said: The art of war recognises nine varieties of ground: (1) Dispersive ground;
(2) facile ground; (3) contentious ground; (4) open ground; (5) ground of intersecting
highways; (6) serious ground; (7) difficult ground; (8) hemmed-in ground; (9) desperate
ground.
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Know the enemy and know yourself; in a hundred battles you will never be in peril.
When you are ignorant of the enemy, but know yourself, your chances of winning or
losing are equal. If ignorant both of your enemy and yourself, you are certain in every
battle to be in peril.
tags: peace, strength-of-spirit
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undefended.You can ensure the safety of your defence if you only hold positions that
cannot be attacked.
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The general who does not advance to seek glory, or does not withdraw to avoid
punishment, but cares for only the people's security and promotes the people's interests,
is the nation's treasure.
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first lay plans which will ensure victory, and then lead your army to battle; if you will
not begin with stratagem but rely on brute strength alone, victory will no longer be
assured
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Thus it is that in war the victorious strategist only seeks battle after the victory is won,
whereas he who is destined to defeat first fights and afterwards looks for victory.
tags: china, military, war
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If those who are sent to draw water begin by drinking themselves, the army is suffering
from thirst. [One may know the condition of a whole army from the behavior of a single
man.]
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If you do not take opportunity to advance and reward the deserving, your
subordinates will not carry out your commands, and disaster will ensue.
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Know thy self, know thy enemy. A thousand battles, a thousand victories.
tags: art-of-war, sun-tzu
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It is best to keep ones own state intact; to crush the enemys state is only second best.
tags: politics, preservation, rivalry, war
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and addressed them thus: I presume you know the difference between front and back,
right hand and left hand?
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We are not fit to lead an army on the march unless we are familiar with the face of the
country -- its mountains and forests, its pitfalls and precipices, its marshes and
swamps.
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licited from spirits; it cannot be obtained inductively from experience, nor by any
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The principle on which to manage an army is to set up one standard of courage which
all must reach.
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Regard your soldiers as your children, and they will follow you into the deepest valleys;
look upon them as your own beloved sons, and they will stand by you even unto death.
tags: leadership
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Ground on which we can only be saved from destruction by fighting without delay, is
desperate ground.
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Be stern in the council-chamber, [Show no weakness, and insist on your plans being
ratified by the sovereign.] so that you may control the situation.
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At first, then, exhibit the coyness of a maiden, until the enemy gives you an opening;
afterwards emulate the rapidity of a running hare, and it will be too late for the enemy to
oppose you.
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Sun Tzu said: The art of war is of vital importance to the State.
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There are five dangerous faults which may affect a general: (1) Recklessness, which
leads to destruction; (2) cowardice, which leads to capture; (3) a hasty temper, which
can be provoked by insults; (4) a delicacy of honor which is sensitive to shame; (5) oversolicitude for his men, which exposes him to worry and trouble.
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Sun Tzu said: The good fighters of old first put themselves beyond the possibility of
defeat, and then waited for an opportunity of defeating the enemy.
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O divine art of subtlety and secrecy! Through you we learn to be invisible, through you
inaudible, and hence we can hold the enemy's fate in our hands.
tags: military, military-philosophy
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To begin by bluster, but afterwards to take fright at the enemy's numbers, shows a
supreme lack of intelligence.
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On open ground, do not try to block the enemy's way. On the ground of intersecting
highways, join hands with your allies.
Therefore the skillful leader subdues the enemy's troops without any fighting; he
captures their cities without laying siege to them; he overthrows their kingdom without
lengthy operations in the field.
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Sun Tzu said: In the practical art of war, the best thing of all is to take the enemy's
country whole and intact; to shatter and destroy it is not so good. So, too, it is better to
capture an army entire than to destroy it, to capture a regiment, a detachment or a
company entire than to destroy them.
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, . ,
... , . ,
!
, The Art of War
tags: - , ,
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These are: (1) the Moral Law; (2) Heaven; (3) Earth; (4) the Commander; (5) method
and discipline.
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It is a matter of life and death, a road either to safety or to ruin. Hence it is a subject of
inquiry which can on no account be neglected.
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The answer was again in the affirmative, so arrangements were made to bring 180
ladies out of the Palace. Sun Tzu divided them into two companies, and placed one of
the King's favourite concubines at the head of each. He then bade them all take spears in
their hands, and addressed them thus: I presume you know the difference between
front and back, right hand and left hand?
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There are five dangerous faults which may affect a general:

(1) Recklessness, which leads to destruction;
(2) cowardice, which leads to capture;
(3) a hasty temper, which can be provoked by insults;
(4) a delicacy of honor which is sensitive to shame;
(5) over-solicitude for his men, which exposes him to worry and trouble.
tags: capture, cowardice, danger, destruction, fault, general, homer, lead, reckless, shame, temper,trouble, war, worry
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When you engage in actual fighting, if victory is long in coming, then men's weapons
will grow dull and their ardour will be damped. If you lay siege to a town, you will
exhaust your strength.
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the opportunity of defeating the enemy is provided by the enemy himself.

tags: defeat, enemy, opportunity, strategy, war
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Sun Tzu Wu was a native of the Chì State. His Art of War brought him to the notice of
Ho Lu, King of Wu. Ho Lu said to him: I have carefully perused your 13 chapters. May I
submit your theory of managing soldiers to a slight test?
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For should the enemy strengthen his van, he will weaken his rear; should he strengthen
his rear, he will weaken his van; should he strengthen his left, he will weaken his right;
should he strengthen his right, he will weaken his left. If he sends reinforcements
everywhere, he will everywhere be weak.
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Whoever is first in the field and awaits the coming of the enemy, will be fresh for the
fight; whoever is second in the field and has to hasten to battle will arrive exhausted.
tags: enemies, field, fighting, strategy, war
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When an invading force crosses a river in its onward march, do not advance to meet it
in mid-stream. It will be best to let half the army get across, and then deliver your
attack.
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By method and discipline are to be understood the marshaling of the army in its proper
subdivisions, the graduations of rank among the officers, the maintenance of roads by
which supplies may reach the army, and the control of military expenditure.
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There are not more than five primary colours, yet in combination they produce more
hues than can ever been seen.
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Cualquiera que tenga forma puede ser definido, y cualquiera que pueda ser definido
puede ser vencido.
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All men can see the tactics whereby I conquer, but what none can see is the strategy out
of which victory is evolved.
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When we are near, we must make the enemy believe we are far away...
tags: military-theory, war
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El arte de la guerra se basa en el engao. Por lo tanto, cuando es capaz de atacar, ha de

aparentar incapacidad; cuando las trampas se mueven, aparentar inactividad.
tags: el-arte-de-la-guerra
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Plan for what it is difficult while it is easy, do what is great while it is small.
tags: planning, preparation
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Hence
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It is the rule in war, if our forces are ten to the enemy's one, to surround him; if five to
one, to attack him; if twice as numerous, to divide our army into two.
tags: armies, forces, rules, strategy, war
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For should the enemy strengthen his van, he will weaken his rear; should he strengthen
his rear, he will weaken his van; should he strengthen his left, he will weaken his right;
should he strengthen his right, he will weaken his left. If he sends reinforcements
everywhere, he will everywhere be weak.
tags: enemies, strategy, war, weakness

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Security against defeat implies defensive tactics; ability to defeat the enemy means
taking the offensive.
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provisions
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expenditure
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For the wise man delights in establishing his merit, the brave man likes to show his
courage in action, the covetous man is quick at seizing advantages, and the stupid man
has no fear of death.
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Therefore, just as water retains no constant shape, so in warfare there are no constant
conditions.
tags: conditions, constant, shape, strategy, war, water
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Sun Tzu said: In the operations of war, where there are in the field a thousand swift
chariots, as many heavy chariots, and a hundred thousand mail-clad soldiers, with
provisions enough to carry them a thousand Li, the expenditure at home and at the
front, including entertainment of guests, small items such as glue and paint, and sums
spent on chariots and armour, will reach the total of a thousand ounces of silver per day.
Such is the cost of raising an army of 100,000 men.
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Thus, what enables the wise sovereign and the good general to strike and conquer, and
achieve things beyond the reach of ordinary men, is foreknowledge.
tags: foreknowledge, planning, readiness
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Knowledge of the enemy's dispositions can only be obtained from other men.
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choleric
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Be extremely subtle, even to the point of formlessness. Be extremely mysterious, even

to the point of soundlessness. Thereby you can be the director of the opponent's fate.
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Through you we learn to be invisible, through you inaudible; and hence we can hold the
enemy's fate in our hands.
tags: enemies, fate, hands, inaudible, invisible, learning, secrets, strategy, war
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Do not swallow bait offered by the enemy. Do not interfere with an army that is
returning home.
tags: army, bait, enemies, home, strategy, war
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There are not more than five cardinal tastes, yet combinations of them yield more
flavours than can ever be tasted.
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Standing on the defensive indicates insufficient strength; attacking, a superabundance

of strength.
tags: defense, strategy, strength, war
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The quality of decision is like the well-timed swoop of a falcon which enables it to strike
and destroy its victim.
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Hence
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If we wish to fight, the enemy can be forced to an engagement even though he be

sheltered behind a high rampart and a deep ditch. All we need do is attack some other
place that he will be obliged to relieve.
tags: enemies, strategy, war, wish
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siege
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The consummate leader cultivates the Moral Law, and strictly adheres to method and
discipline; thus it is in his power to control success.
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In respect of military method, we have, firstly, Measurement; secondly, Estimation of

quantity; thirdly, Calculation; fourthly, Balancing of chances; fifthly, Victory.
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He wins his battles by making no mistakes.

Making no mistakes is what establishes the certainty of victory, for it means conquering
an enemy that is already defeated.
tags: inspirational, strategy, success, war, warfare
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Therefore the clever combatant imposes his will on the enemy, but does not allow the
enemy's will to be imposed on him.
tags: cleverness, combat, enemies, strategy, war, will
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Thus, though we have heard of stupid haste in war, cleverness has never been seen
associated with long delays.
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Hence the skillful fighter puts himself into a position which makes defeat impossible,
and does not miss the moment for defeating the enemy.
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About Sun Tzu himself this is all that Ssu-ma Chìen has to tell us in this chapter. But
he proceeds to give a biography of his descendant, Sun Pin, born about a hundred years
after his famous ancestor's death, and also the outstanding military genius of his time.
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Sun Tzu said: Whoever is first in the field and awaits the coming of the enemy, will be
fresh for the fight; whoever is second in the field and has to hasten to battle will arrive
exhausted.
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The general who advances without coveting fame and retreats without fearing disgrace,
whose only thought is to protect his country and do good service for his sovereign, is the
jewel of the kingdom. Regard your soldiers as your children, and they will follow you
into the deepest valleys; look upon them as your own beloved sons, and they will stand
by you even unto death.
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concubines
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If, on the other hand, in the midst of difficulties we are always ready to seize an
advantage, we may extricate ourselves from misfortune.
tags: advantage, difficulty, fortune, seize, strategy, war
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Cien vitorias en cien batallas no es la mayor habilidad. Someter al ejrcito de los otros
sin batalla es la mayor habilidad.
Sun Tzu, El arte de la guerra
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practise
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bestowed
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to blame.
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Attack by Stratagem
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III. ATTACK BY STRATAGEM 1. Sun Tzu said: In the practical art of war, the best
thing of all is to take the enemy's country whole and intact; to shatter and destroy it is
not so good. So, too, it is better to recapture an army entire than to destroy it, to capture
a regiment, a detachment or a company entire than to destroy them. 2. Hence to fight
and conquer in all your battles is not supreme excellence; supreme excellence consists in
breaking the enemy's resistance without fighting.
Pretend to be weak, that he may grow arrogant.
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15. In war, practice dissimulation, and you will succeed.

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Let your rapidity be that of the wind, your compactness that of the forest.
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6. There is no instance of a country having benefited from prolonged warfare.

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I have heard that the ancients used bows and arrows to their advantage.
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undefended.You can ensure the safety of your defense if you only hold positions that
cannot be attacked.
tags: attack, defence, safety, strategy, success, war
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from the ancient Chinese commentators found in the Giles edition. Of these four, Giles'
1910 edition is the most scholarly and presents the reader an incredible amount of
information concerning Sun Tzu's text, much more than any other translation. The
Giles' edition of the ART OF WAR, as stated above, was a scholarly work. Dr. Giles was a
leading sinologue at the time and an assistant in the Department
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is sluggish and inclined to return.
tags: army, attack, clever, spirit, strategy, war
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There are roads which must not be followed, armies which must be not attacked, towns
which must not be besieged, positions which must not be contested, commands of the
sovereign which must not be obeyed.
tags: army, attack, command, obedience, roads, strategy, war
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He who relies solely on warlike measures shall be exterminated; he who relies solely on
peaceful measures shall perish.
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expenditure.
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Neither is it the acme of excellence if you fight and conquer and the whole Empire says,
Well done!
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The rising of birds in their flight is the sign of an ambuscade. Startled beasts indicate
that a sudden attack is coming.
tags: attack, beast, birds, flight, rising, signs, strategy, war
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Accordingly, he had the two leaders beheaded, and straightway installed the pair next
in order as leaders in their place. When this had been done, the drum was sounded for
the drill once more; and the girls went through all the evolutions, turning to the right or
to the left, marching ahead or wheeling back, kneeling or standing, with perfect accuracy
and precision, not venturing to utter a sound. Then Sun Tzu sent a messenger to the
King saying: Your soldiers, Sire, are now properly drilled and disciplined, and ready for
your majesty's inspection. They can be put to any use that their sovereign may desire;
bid them go through fire and water, and they will not disobey.
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it is better to recapture an army entire than to destroy it, to capture a regiment, a

detachment or a company entire than to destroy them.
tags: army, capture, strategy, war
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To secure ourselves against defeat lies in our own hands, but the opportunity of
defeating the enemy is provided by the enemy himself.
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practice dissimulation, and you will succeed.

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7. Hence in the wise leader's plans, considerations of advantage and of disadvantage

will be blended together.
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5,6. The Moral Law causes the people to be in complete accord with their ruler, so that
they will follow him regardless of their lives, undismayed by any danger.
Excerpt From: Sunzi. The Art of War. iBooks.

This material may be protected by copyright.
tags: strategy, war
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5,6. The Moral Law causes the people to be in complete accord with their ruler, so that
they will follow him regardless of their lives, undismayed by any danger.
tags: strategy, war
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Hence the saying: If you know the enemy and know yourself, you need not fear the
result of a hundred battles. If you know yourself but not the enemy, for every victory
gained you will also suffer a defeat. If you know neither the enemy nor yourself, you will
succumb in every battle.
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Hold out baits to entice the enemy. Feign disorder, and crush him.
tags: strategy, war
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besiege
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If your opponent is of choleric temper, seek to irritate him. Pretend to be weak, that he
may grow arrogant.
tags: strategy, war
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Though the enemy be stronger in numbers, we may prevent him from fighting. Scheme
so as to discover his plans and the likelihood of their success.
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Appear at points which the enemy must hasten to defend; march swiftly to places
where you are not expected.
tags: appearence, army, enemies, marching, strategy, suprise, war
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the Completer and Wu Wang all used spears and battle-axes in order to succor their
generation. The SSU-MA FA says: "If one man slay another of set purpose, he himself
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De ah el dicho: conoce al enemigo y concete a ti mismo, y sobre tu victoria no caern

dudas; conoce el Cielo y la Tierra, y tu victoria estar asegurada del todo.
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To fight and conquer one hundred times is not the perfection of attainment, for the
supreme art is to subdue the enemy without fighting.
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15. Thus it is that in war the victorious strategist only seeks battle after the victory has
been won, whereas he who is destined to defeat first fights and afterwards looks for
victory.
marshes
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The general, unable to control his irritation, will launch his men to the assault like
swarming ants, with the result that one-third of his men are slain, while the town still
remains untaken. Such are the disastrous effects of a siege.
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Again the girls assented. The words of command having been thus explained, he set up
the halberds and battle-axes in order to begin the drill. Then, to the sound of drums, he
gave the order Right turn. But the girls only burst out laughing. Sun Tzu said: If
words of command are not clear and distinct, if orders are not thoroughly understood,
then the general is to blame.
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Hence, when able to attack, we must seem unable; when using our forces, we must
seem inactive; when we are near, we must make the enemy believe we are far away;
when far away, we must make him believe we are near.
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while the main laws of strategy can be stated clearly enough for the benefit of all and
sundry, you must be guided by the actions of the enemy in attempting to secure a
favorable position in actual warfare.
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Deep knowledge is to be aware of disturbance before disturbance, to be aware of danger

before danger, to be aware of destruction before destruction, to be aware of calamity
before calamity. Strong action is training the body without being burdened by the body,
exercising the mind without being used by the mind, working in the world without being
affected by the world, carrying out tasks without being obstructed by tasks.
Sun Tzu, The Art of War: Complete Texts and Commentaries
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There is no instance of a country having benefited from prolonged warfare. 7. It is only

one who is thoroughly acquainted with the evils of war that can thoroughly understand
the profitable way of carrying it on.
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However, this translation is, in the words of Dr. Giles, "excessively bad." He goes
further in this criticism: "It is not merely a question of downright blunders, from which
none can hope to be wholly exempt.
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Maneuvering with an army is advantageous; with an undisciplined multitude, most

dangerous.
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The Giles' edition of the ART OF WAR, as stated above, was a scholarly work.
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Triunfa el que elabora una tctica para conseguirlo, aprovecha su oportunidad, acepta
sus debilidades y reconoce sus fortalezas.
Sun Tzu, El arte de la guerra.
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La strategia la via del paradosso. Cos, chi abile, si mostri maldestro; chi utile, si
mostri inutile. Chi affabile, si mostri scostante; chi scostante, si mostri affabile.
Sun Tzu, L'arte della guerra e Metodi militari
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My eldest brother sees the spirit of sickness and removes it before it takes shape, so his
name does not get out of the house. My elder brother cures sickness when it is still
extremely minute, so his name does not get out of the neighborhood. As for me, I
puncture veins, prescribe potions, and massage skin, so from time to time my name gets
out and is heard among the lords.
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La milicia es un Tao de engaos:

De modo que cuando seas capaz, muestra incapacidad. Cuando seas activo, muestra
inactividad.
Cuando ests cerca, haz creer que ests lejos. Cuando ests lejos, haz creer que ests
cerca.
De modo que cuando el enemigo busque ventajas,
los atraers. Cuando se halle confundido, lo conquistars. Cuando tenga consistencia,
preprate a enfrentarte a l. Cuando sea fuerte, evtalo. Cuando est airado, acsalo.
Atcale cuando no est preparado.
Surge all donde no te espere.
Sun Tzu, El arte de la guerra
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All warfare is based on deception.

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If you know neither the enemy nor yourself, you will succumb in every battle.
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[T]o fight and conquer in all your battles is not supreme excellence; supreme excellence
consists in breaking the enemy's resistance without fighting.
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Water shapes its course according to the nature of the ground over which it flows; the
soldier works out his victory in relation to the foe whom he is facing.
tags: army, flow, foe, ground, maneuver, nature, shapes, soldier, victory, war, water
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It is only one who is thoroughly acquainted with the evils of war that can thoroughly
understand the profitable way of carrying it on.
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Thus it is that in war the victorious strategist only seeks battle after the victory has been
won, whereas he who is destined to defeat first fights and afterwards looks for victory.
tags: battle, defeat, stratagem, victory, war
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Chapter1
Laying Plans
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These are: (1) the Moral Law; (2) Heaven; (3) Earth; (4) the Commander; (5) method
and discipline.
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Do not repeat the tactics which have gained you one victory, but let your methods be
regulated by the infinite variety of circumstances.
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1. Sun Tzu said: The art of war recognizes nine varieties of ground: (1) Dispersive
ground; (2) Facile ground; (3) Contentious ground; (4) Open ground; (5) Ground of
intersecting highways; (6) Serious ground; (7) Difficult ground; (8) Hemmed-in ground;
(9) Desperate ground.

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Hence the saying: If you know the enemy and know yourself, you need not fear the
result of a hundred battles. If you know yourself but not the enemy, for every victory
gained you will also suffer a defeat. If you know neither the enemy nor yourself, you will
succumb in every battle.
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The skillful employer of men will employ the wise man, the brave man, the covetous
man, and the stupid man. For the wise man delights in establishing his merit, the brave
man likes to show his courage in action, the covetous man is quick at seizing advantages,
and the stupid man has no fear of death."]
Now by the laws of war, better than defeating a country by fire and the sword, is to take
it without strife.
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is sluggish and inclined to return. This is the art of studying moods.
tags: art
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Therefore the master of war causes the enemy's forces to yield, but without fighting ; he
captures his fortress, but without besieging it ; and without lengthy fighting takes the
enemy's kingdom. Without tarnishing his weapons he gains the complete advantage.
This is the assault by stratagem.
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and were closely pursued by Pan Chào. Over 5000 heads were brought back as
trophies, besides immense spoils in the shape of horses and cattle and valuables of every
description. Yarkand then capitulating, Kutcha and the other kingdoms drew off their
respective forces. From that time forward, Pan Chào's prestige completely overawed
the countries of the west." In this case, we see that the Chinese general not only kept his
own officers in ignorance of his real plans, but actually took the bold step of dividing his
army in order to deceive the

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If the enemy know not where he will be attacked, he must prepare in every quarter, and
so be everywhere weak.
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Hiding order beneath the cloak of disorder is simply a question of subdivision;

concealing courage
under a show of timidity presupposes a fund of latent energy; masking strength with
weakness is to
be effected by tactical dispositions.
tags: warlike
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English
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Si quieres fingir cobarda para conocer la estrategia de los adversarios, primero tienes
que ser extremadamente valiente, porque solo entonces puedes actuar como tmido de
manera artificial. Si quieres fingir debilidad para inducir a la arrogancia en tus
enemigos, primero has de ser extremadamente fuerte porque solo entonces puedes
pretender ser dbil.
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El valiente puede luchar, el cuidadoso puede hacer de centinela, y el inteligente puede

estudiar, analizar y comunicar. Cada cul es til.
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: ,
. , .
tags: knowledge, war
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Ser violento al principio y terminar temiendo despus a los propios soldados es el

colmo de la ineptitud.
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Donde hay grandes recompensas hay hombres valientes

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Un viento diurno cesar al anochecer, un viento nocturno cesar al amanecer.

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Sun Tzu said: We may distinguish six kinds of terrain, to wit: (1) Accessible ground; (2)
Entangling ground;
(3) Temporizing ground;
(4) Narrow passes; (5)
Precipitous heights; (6) Positions at a great distance from the enemy.
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I have heard that in war haste can be folly, but have never seen delay that was wise.
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The PEOPLE being regarded as the essential part of the State, and FOOD as the
people's heaven, is it not right that those in authority should value and be careful of
both?"]
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15. Hence a wise general makes a point of foraging on the enemy. One cartload of the
enemy's provisions is equivalent to twenty of one's own, and likewise a single picul of his
provender is equivalent to twenty from one's own store.
tags: foraging, general, steeling, war
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[Once war is declared, he will not waste precious time in waiting for reinforcements,
nor will he return his army back for fresh supplies, but crosses the enemy's frontier
without delay.
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The spot where we intend to fight must not be made known; for then the enemy will
have to prepare against a possible attack at several different points; and his forces being
thus distributed in many directions, the numbers we shall have to face at any given point
will be proportionately few.
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The captured soldiers should be kindly treated and kept.

tags: prisoners, war
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Hacerte invencible significa conocerte a ti mismo; aguardar para descubrir la

vulnerabilidad del adversario significa conocer a los dems.
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La invencibilidad est en uno mismo, la vulnerabilidad en el adversario.

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Some people think insufficiency means weakness and surplus means strength, but this
impression is wrong.
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Excessive rewards are a sign of desperation. Excessive punishments are a sign of

exhaustion.
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Hay que reflexionar y deliberar antes de tomar cualquier decisin.

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Sun Tzu dijo: En el arte prctico de la guerra, es mejor conservar el pas enemigo
entero e intacto, que destruirlo y arrasarlo.
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combatir y vencer en la batalla no es la excelencia suprema, sino que esta reside en

romper la resistencia del enemigo sin luchar.
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Confucius said, People may have the finest talents, but if they are arrogant and stingy,
their other qualities are not worthy of consideration.
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When Lionel Giles began his translation of Sun Tzu's ART OF WAR, the work was
virtually unknown in Europe. Its introduction to Europe began in 1782 when a French
Jesuit Father living in China, Joseph Amiot, acquired a copy of it, and translated it into
French. It was not a good translation because, according to Dr. Giles, "[I]t contains a
great deal that Sun Tzu did not write, and very little indeed of what he did." The first
translation into English was published
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There are three avenues of opportunity: events, trends, and conditions. When
opportunities occur through events but you are unable to respond, you are not smart.
When opportunities become active through a trend and yet you cannot make plans, you
are not wise. When opportunities emerge through conditions but you cannot act on
them, you are not bold.
Sun Tzu, The Art of War: C
Jesuit Father living in China, Joseph Amiot, acquired a copy of it, and translated
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Weapons are inauspicious instruments, not the tools of the enlightened. When there is
no choice but to use them, it is best to be calm and free from greed, and not celebrate
victory. Those who celebrate victory are bloodthirsty, and the bloodthirsty cannot have
their way with the world.
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Jesuit Father living in China, Joseph Amiot, acquired a copy of it, and translated it into
French. It was not a good translation because, according to Dr. Giles, "[I]t contains a
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La defensa es para tiempos de escasez, el ataque para tiempos de abundancia.

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Si solo eres capaz de asegurar la victoria tras enfrentarte a un adversario en un

conflicto armado, esa victoria es una dura victoria. Si eres capaz de ver lo sutil y de darte
cuenta de lo oculto, irrumpiendo antes del orden de la batalla, la victoria as obtenida es
una victoria fcil.
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YUEH
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I pee in the toilets of my enemies, so that when they flush my pee comes out
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Where there are repeated wars, the people are weakened; when they score repeated
victories, rulers become haughty. Let haughty rulers command weakened people, and
rare is the nation that will not perish as a result.
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What Hurts the People There are five things that hurt the people: There are local
officials who use public office for personal benefit, taking improper advantage of their
authority, holding weapons in one hand and peoples livelihood in the other, corrupting
their offices, and bleeding the people. There are cases where serious offenses are given
light penalties; there is inequality before the law, and the innocent are subjected to
punishment, even execution. Sometimes serious crimes are pardoned, the strong are
supported, and the weak are oppressed. Harsh penalties are applied, unjustly torturing
people to get at facts. Sometimes there are officials who condone crime and vice,
punishing those who protest against this, cutting off the avenues of appeal and hiding
the truth, plundering and ruining lives, unjust and arbitrary. Sometimes there are senior
officials who repeatedly change department heads so as to monopolize the government
administration, favoring their friends and relatives while treating those they dislike with
unjust harshness, oppressive in their actions, prejudiced and unruly. They also use
taxation to reap profit, enriching themselves and their families by exactions and fraud.
Sometimes local officials extensively tailor awards and fines, welfare projects, and
general expenditures, arbitrarily determining prices and measures, with the result that
people lose their jobs. These five things are harmful to the people, and anyone who does
any of these should be dismissed from office.
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In a similar way, The Art of War pinpoints anger and greed as fundamental causes of
defeat.
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tardiness can never be anything but foolish

Dallas Galvin, The Art of War
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En la guerra, el verdadero objetivo es alcanzar la victoria, y no realizar campaas

largas.
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One mark of a great soldier is that he fights on his own terms or fights not at all.
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Hay cinco elementos esenciales para la victoria: (1) Ganar, quien sabe cundo luchar y
cundo no hacerlo. (2) Ganar, quien sabe manejar, tanto las fuerzas superiores como
las fuerzas inferiores. (3) Ganar, quien posea el ejrcito que est animado por el mismo
espritu en todas sus filas. (4) Ganar, quien preparado, sepa esperar para coger al
enemigo desprevenido. (5) Ganar, quien dueo de la capacidad militar, no sea
interferido por el soberano.
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The true object of war is peace.

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Si conoces al enemigo y te conoces a ti mismo, no debes temer el resultado de cien

batallas. Si te conoces a ti mismo, pero no al enemigo, por cada victoria obtenida
tambin sufrirs una derrota. Si no sabes nada ni del enemigo ni de ti mismo,
sucumbirs en todas las batallas.
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ntreaga art a rzboiului este bazat pe neltorie.

Tzu Sun-Tzu, The Art of War
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Los buenos guerreros hacen que los adversarios vengan a ellos y de ningn modo se
dejan atraer fuera de su fortaleza.
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Hay que dejarle una salida a un ejrcito rodeado.

Mustrales una manera de salvar la vida para que no estn dispuestos a luchar hasta la
muerte, y as podrs aprovecharte para atacarles.
No presiones a un enemigo desesperado.
Un animal agotado seguir luchando, pues esa es la ley de la naturaleza.
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Cuando te halles en un terreno cerrado, prepara alguna estrategia y muvete. Cuando

te halles en un terreno mortal, lucha.
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the wise leader's plans, considerations of advantage and of disadvantage will be

blended together.
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Divino arte de la sutileza y el secreto! Si se aprende a ser invisible, e inaudible, se

puede tener la suerte del enemigo en las manos.
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He will win who knows when to fight and when not to fight.
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reach of carping criticism. My contemporaries, however, have failed to grasp the full
meaning of his instructions, and while putting into practice the smaller details in which
his work abounds, they have overlooked its essential purport. That is the motive which
has led me to outline a rough explanation of the
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WANG XI Opponents cannot exhaust you.

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preserved in the TÙNG TIEN, and another in Ho Shin's commentary. It is suggested

that before his interview with Ho Lu, Sun Tzu had only written the 13 chapters, but
afterwards composed a sort of exegesis in the form of question and answer between
himself and the King. Pi I-hsun, the author of the SUN TZU HSU LU, backs this up with
a quotation from the WU YUEH CHÙN CHÌU: "The King
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purposely ignored by him. [16] Tu Mu's conjecture seems to be based

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Opportunistic relationships can hardly be kept constant. The acquaintance of

honorable people, even at a distance, does not add flowers in times of warmth and does
not change its leaves in times of cold: it continues unfading through the four seasons,
becomes increasingly stable as it passes through ease and danger.
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cited by Pi I-hsun, we may see in this theory a probable solution of the mystery.
Between Ssu-ma Chìen and
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Tzu except the 82 PÌEN, whereas the Sui and Tàng bibliographies give the titles of
others in addition to the "13 chapters," is good proof, Pi I-hsun thinks, that all of these
were contained in the 82 PÌEN. Without
very well represent a collected edition of these lumped together with the original work.
It is also possible,
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latter accretions are not to be considered part of the original work. Tu Mu's assertion
can certainly not be taken as proof." There is every reason to suppose, then, that the 13
chapters existed in the time of Ssu-ma
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If words of command are not clear and distinct, if orders are not thoroughly
understood, then the general is to blame.
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the latter, hence Hou employed him. Their great achievements were all for the good of
the people.
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...la norma general de las operaciones militares consiste en no contar con que el
enemigo no acuda, sino confiar en tener los medios de enfrentarte a l; no contar con
que el adversario no ataque, sino confiar en poseer lo que no puede ser atacado.
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Recordar siempre el peligro cuando ests a salvo y el caos en tiempos de orden,

permanece atento al peligro y al caos mientras no tengan todava forma y evtalos antes
de que se presenten; sta es la mejor estrategia de todas.
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...existen cinco rasgos que son peligrosos en los generales. Los que estn dispuestos a
morir pueden perder la vida; los que quieren preservar la vida pueden ser hechos
prisioneros; los que son dados a los apasionamientos irracionales pueden ser
ridiculizados; los que son muy puritanos pueden ser deshonrados; los que son
compasivos pueden ser turbados.

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Los buenos generales son de otra manera: se comprometen hasta la muerte, pero no se
aferran a la esperanza de sobrevivir; actan de acuerdo con los acontecimientos en
forma racional y realista sin dejarse llevar por las emociones ni estar sujetos a quedar
confundidos. Cuando ven una buena oportunidad, son como tigres, en caso contrario
cierran sus puertas. Su accin y su no accin son cuestiones de estrategia y no pueden
ser complacidos ni enfadados.
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Si vas a colocar tu ejrcito en posicin de observar al enemigo, atraviesa rpido las

montaas y viglalos desde un valle.
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Hay que prohibir los augurios, y eliminar las supersticiones. Hasta que la misma
muerte llegue, no hay calamidad que deba ser temida.
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No te sites ro abajo. No camines en contra de las corriente, ni en contra del viento.

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16. While we keep away from such places, we should get the enemy to approach them;
while we face them, we should let the enemy have them on his rear.
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Un ejrcito prefiere un terreno elevado y evita un terreno bajo, aprecia la luz y detesta
la oscuridad.
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We become one body ; the enemy being separated into ten parts. We attack the divided
ten with the united one. We are many, the enemy is few, and in superiority of numbers
there is economy of strength.
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Los terrenos bajos son hmedos, lo cual provoca enfermedades y dificulta el combate.
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threw light upon the principles of war. It is obvious enough that Ssu-ma Chìen at least
had no doubt about the reality of Sun Wu as
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many words. "Sun Tzu's 13 Chapters and Wu Chì's Art of War are the two books that
people commonly refer to on the subject of military matters. Both of them are widely
distributed, so I will not discuss
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Donde haya montculos y terraplenes, sitate en su lado soleado, mantenindolos

siempre a tu derecha y detrs.
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Ser violento al principio y terminar despus temiendo a los propios soldados es el

colmo de la ineptitud.
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The Book of Army Management says: On the field of battle, the spoken word does not
carry far enough: hence the institution of gongs and drums. Nor can ordinary objects be
seen clearly enough: hence the institution of banners and flags.
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En asuntos militares, no es necesariamente ms beneficioso ser superior en fuerzas,

slo evitar actuar con violencia innecesaria; es suficiente con consolidar tu poder, hacer
estimaciones sobre el enemigo y conseguir reunir tropas; eso es todo.
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Cuando las rdenes son razonables, justas, sencillas, claras y consecuentes, existe una
satisfaccin recproca entre el lder y el grupo.
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LI QUAN If they ply you with expensive gifts and sweet talk, they are up to something.
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Nunca se debe atacar por clera y con prisas. Es aconsejable tomarse tiempo en la
planificacin y coordinacin del plan.
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he not honestly believed the contrary. And it is precisely on such a point that the
judgment of an educated Chinaman will carry most weight. Other internal evidence is
not far to seek. Thus in XIII. ss. 1, there is an unmistakable allusion to the ancient
system
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Si sabes que tus soldados son capaces de atacar, pero ignoras si el enemigo es
invulnerable a un ataque, tienes solo la mitad de posibilidades de ganar. Si sabes que tu
enemigo es vulnerable a un ataque, pero ignoras si tus soldados son capaces de atacar,
slo tienes la mitad de posibilidades de ganar. Si sabes que el enemigo es vulnerable a
un ataque y que tus soldados pueden llevarlo a cabo, pero ignoras si la condicin del
terreno es favorable para la batalla, tienes la mitad de probabilidades de vencer.
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Practica las artes marciales, calcula la fuerza de tus adversarios, haz que pierdan su
nimo y direccin, de manera que aunque el ejrcito enemigo est intacto sea inservible:
esto es ganar sin violencia.
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cuando te conoces a ti mismo y conoces a los dems, la victoria no es un peligro;

cuando conoces el cielo y la tierra, la victoria es inagotable.
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Those who are skilled in combat do not become angered, those who are skilled at
winning do not become afraid. Thus the wise win before they fight, while the ignorant
fight to win.
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no combatas en un terreno de dispersin, no te detengas en un terreno ligero, no

ataques en un terreno clave (ocupado por el enemigo), no dejes que tus tropas sean
divididas en un terreno de comunicacin. En terrenos de interseccin establece
comunicaciones; en terrenos difciles, entra aprovisionado; en terrenos desfavorables,
contina marchando; en terrenos cercados, haz planes; en terrenos mortales, lucha.

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Appear weak when you are strong, and strong when you are weak.

Sun Tzu, The Art of War

The supreme art of war is to subdue the enemy without fighting.

Supreme excellence consists of breaking the enemy's resistance without fighting.

There is no instance of a nation benefitting from prolonged warfare.

The greatest victory is that which requires no battle.

In the midst of chaos, there is also opportunity

There is no instance of a country having benefited from prolonged warfare.

them yield more flavours than can ever be tasted.

One may know how to conquer without being able to do it.

who wishes to fight must first count the cost

Anger may in time change to gladness; vexation may be succeeded by content.

Ponder and deliberate before you make a move.

The wise warrior avoids the battle.

If his forces are united, separate them.

Attack is the secret of defense; defense is the planning of an attack.

If he sends reinforcements everywhere, he will everywhere be weak.

Never venture, never win!

Great results, can be achieved with small forces.

mystify, mislead, and surprise the enemy

He who advances without seeking fame,

Rewards for good service should not be deferred a single day.

do many calculations lead to victory, and few calculations to defeat

Success in warfare is gained by carefully accommodating ourselves to the enemy's

Whether in an advantageous position or a disadvantageous one, the opposite state

If there is disturbance in the camp, the general's authority is weak.

By reinforcing every part, he weakens every part.

the worst calamities that befall an army arise from hesitation

tags: business, strategy, war

The art of war is of vital importance to the State.

So long as victory can be attained, stupid haste is preferable to clever dilatoriness.

These military devices, leading to victory, must not be divulged beforehand.

Danger has a bracing effect.

There are five dangerous faults which may affect a general:

the opportunity of defeating the enemy is provided by the enemy himself.

El arte de la guerra se basa en el engao. Por lo tanto, cuando es capaz de atacar, ha de

tags: enemies, strategy, war, weakness

Be extremely subtle, even to the point of formlessness. Be extremely mysterious, even

Standing on the defensive indicates insufficient strength; attacking, a superabundance

If we wish to fight, the enemy can be forced to an engagement even though he be

In respect of military method, we have, firstly, Measurement; secondly, Estimation of

He wins his battles by making no mistakes.

15. In war, practice dissimulation, and you will succeed.

6. There is no instance of a country having benefited from prolonged warfare.

it is better to recapture an army entire than to destroy it, to capture a regiment, a

practice dissimulation, and you will succeed.

7. Hence in the wise leader's plans, considerations of advantage and of disadvantage

Excerpt From: Sunzi. The Art of War. iBooks.

De ah el dicho: conoce al enemigo y concete a ti mismo, y sobre tu victoria no caern

Deep knowledge is to be aware of disturbance before disturbance, to be aware of danger

There is no instance of a country having benefited from prolonged warfare. 7. It is only

Maneuvering with an army is advantageous; with an undisciplined multitude, most

La milicia es un Tao de engaos:

All warfare is based on deception.

(9) Desperate ground.

army in order to deceive the

Hiding order beneath the cloak of disorder is simply a question of subdivision;

El valiente puede luchar, el cuidadoso puede hacer de centinela, y el inteligente puede

Ser violento al principio y terminar temiendo despus a los propios soldados es el

Donde hay grandes recompensas hay hombres valientes

Un viento diurno cesar al anochecer, un viento nocturno cesar al amanecer.

The captured soldiers should be kindly treated and kept.

Hacerte invencible significa conocerte a ti mismo; aguardar para descubrir la