Improvement of Dynamic Stability of

a Power System by Using Fuzzy Logic

Based Power System Stabilizer
A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for
the degree of

Master of Technology
In
Power System Engineering
By
Debswarup Rath
Registration Number-1207259013
Under the guidance of

Prof.(Dr.) Ajaya
Kumar Swain

Department of Electrical & Electronics

Engineering
Mahavier Institute of Engineering &
Technology
Under

Biju Pattnaik University of Technology,

Rourkela, Odisha

A
THESIS REPORT ON
Improvement of Dynamic Stability Of A Power System By
Using
Fuzzy Logic Based Power System Stabilizer
Submitted by:
Debswarup Rath
Registration Number-1207259013
Under the guidance of

Prof.(Dr.) Ajaya Kumar Swain

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering

Mahavier Institute of Engineering & Technology
Under

Biju Pattnaik University of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha

Acknowledgement

Words are inadequate to express the overwhelming sense of

gratitude and humble regards to my supervisor Prof. Ajay
Kumar Swain, Professor, Department of Power System
Engineering for his constant motivation, support, expert
guidance, constant supervision and constructive suggestion for
the submission of my progress report of thesis work
Improvement of Dynamic Stability of A Power System By
Using Fuzzy Logic Based Power System Stabilizer. Iwould
also like to thank my principal Dr. Anant Charan Ojha for his
support & inspiration. I would also like to thank all the teaching
and non-teaching staff for their nice cooperation to the students.
I would like to thank all whos direct and indirect support
helped me for completion of my thesis in time. This report
would have been impossible if not for the perpetual moral
support from my parents, family members, and my friends. I
would like to thank them all.

Debswarup Rath

Abstract
Power systems are subjected to low frequency disturbances that might cause loss of
synchronism and an eventual breakdown of entire system. The oscillations, which are
typically in the frequency range of 0.2 to 3.0 Hz, might be excited by the disturbances
in the system or, in some cases, might even build up spontaneously. These oscillations
limit the power transmission capability of a network and, sometimes, even cause a
loss of synchronism and an eventual breakdown of the entire system. For this purpose,
Power system stabilizers (PSS) are used to generate supplementary control signals for
the excitation system in order to damp these low frequency power system oscillations.
The use of power system stabilizers has become very common in operation of large
electric power systems. The conventional PSS which uses lead-lag compensation,
where gain settings designed for specific operating conditions, is giving poor
performance under different loading conditions. The constantly changing nature of
power system makes the design of CPSS a difficult task.
Therefore, it is very difficult to design a stabilizer that could present good
performance in all operating points of electric power systems. To overcome the
drawback of conventional power system stabilizer (CPSS), many techniques such as
fuzzy logic have been proposed in the literature.
In an attempt to cover a wide range of operating conditions, Fuzzy logic based
technique has been suggested as a possible solution to overcome the above problem,
thereby using this technique complex system mathematical model can be avoided,
while giving good performance under different operating conditions. Fuzzy Logic has
the features of simple concept, easy implementation, and computationally efficient.
The fuzzy logic based power system stabilizer model is evaluated on a single machine

infinite bus power system, and then the performance of Conventional power system
stabilizer (CPSS) and Fuzzy logic based Power system stabilizer (FLPSS) are
compared. Results presented in the thesis demonstrate that the fuzzy logic based
power system stabilizer design gives better performance than the Conventional Power
system stabilizer.
.

List of figures
1.1 Equivalent circuit of SMIB, page-15
1.2 Phasor diagram of machine quantities, page-15
1.3 Block Diagram of a synchronous generator excitation system, page-19
1.4 Block diagram of thyristor excitation system with AVR, page-20
1.5 Block diagram of thyristor excitation system with AVR and PSS, page-24
1.6 Block diagram of thyristor excitation system with AVR and PSS, page-25
1.7 Block Diagram of PSS, page-28
1.8 Block Diagram of FLC, page-33
2.0 Membership function for Acceleration, page37
2.1 Membership function for Speed Deviation, page37
2.2 Membership function for Voltage, page37
2.4 CPSS without excitation system, page-41
2.5 Waveform of CPSS without excitation system, page-41
2.6 CPSS with excitation system(-k5), page-42
2.7 Waveform of CPSS with excitation system(-k5), page-42
2.8 CPSS with excitation system(k5), page-44
2.9 Waveform of CPSS with excitation system(k5), page-44
3.0 Fuzzy Logic based Power System Stabilizer(-k5), page-45
3.1Waveform of Fuzzy Logic based Power System Stabilizer(-k5), page-45
3.2 Fuzzy Logic based Power System Stabilizer(k5), page-46
3.3Waveform of Fuzzy Logic based Power System Stabilizer(k5), page-46
3.4 Surface Diagram of fuzzy logic Rules Set, page 47

List of Tables
Table1.9 Membership Function for Fuzzy Logic Variables, Page-36
Table 2.3 Membership Function Table,Page-38

CONTENTS:
Chapter-1 Introduction

1-4

1.1Introduction

1.2 Classification Of stability

1.3Types of Oscillations

1.4 Low Frequency Oscillations

Chapter-2 Literature Survey

5-8

2.1 PSS

2.2PID

2.3 Generic Algorithm

2.4 Fuzzy Logic Controller

Chapter-3 Objective and Methodology

11-13

3.1 Objective

11

3.2 Contribution of Thesis

11

3.3 Problem Statement

12

3.4 Solution Methodology

13

Chapter-4 Modeling of Power system Stabilizer

14-26

4.1 SMIB Model

14

4.2 Effect of Synchronous Machine field current dynamics

16

4.3 Representation of saturation in stability studies

17

4.4 Effects of Excitation

17

4.5 Types of excitation of Synchronous Generator

19

4.6Power System Stabilizer Model

23

Chapter-5 Conventional Power System Stabilizer

27-29

5.1 Conventional Power system Stabilizer Design

27

5.2Conclusion

29

Chapter-6 Design of Fuzzy Logic based Power System Stabilizer

30-39

6.1 fuzzy logic controller advantages

31

6.2 Fuzzy sets

32

6.3 Membership Functions

32

6.4 Fuzzy System

33

6.5 Design of Fuzzy logic based PSS

35

6.6 Input & Output Variables

36

Chapter-7 Result and Discussion

40-47

7.1 Simulink model of CPSS

40

7.2 Fuzzy Logic based Power System Stabilizer(-k5)

45

7.3 Surface Diagram of fuzzy logic Rules Set

47

Chapter-8 Conclusion & Future Work

48

Bibliography

49-52

Declaration
I hereby declare that the submission is my own work
and that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, it
contains no material previously published or written
by another person nor material which has been
accepted for the award of any other degree of the
university or other institute of higher learning except
where due acknowledgement has been made in the
text

SignPlace-MIET, Bhubaneswar
Date-19th January,2015

Debswarup Rath
Reg. No-1207259013