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seamn cu un disc n unghi sau cu un ceas solar imens, a fost proiectat de un arhitect
norvegian.
Construcia a fost proiectat ca un disc nclinat, ce se ridic de la sol, cu patru niveluri sub
pmnt i apte deasupra. Scheletul cldirii este cea mai inovativ parte a proiectului.
Jumtatea scufundat a acesteia, de 18 metri, ntr-un loc att de apropiat de mare, a ridicat
serioase probleme structurale. Peretele cu diafragm circular este considerat a fi cel mai
mare din lume. Una dintre cele mai de succes proprieti ale cldirii este utilizarea luminii
naturale, atrase prin panouri vitrate situate pe acoperi. Orientarea panourilor a fost studiat
ndeaproape n stadiul de proiectare, pentru a lsa s treac nivelul maxim de lumin natural,
n afara luminii directe a soarelui.
Noua Biblioteca Municipana a fost amplasata in Mailnder Platz, un viitor centru cultural al
orasului, iar arhitectii au ales sa exprime fizic importanta acestui centru cultural prin
acordarea unei prezente fizice impozante noii biblioteci. Astfel, cladirea a luat forma unui
cub, cu laturi de 45 de metri. Noaptea, biblioteca arata ca un complicat cub Rubik in doua
culori, dar tot ce trebuie sa faci este sa ii calci pragul pentru a-i surprinde simplitatea.
Forma si simetria intrarii cladirii a fost inspirata de Cenotaf pentru Newton de Etienne
Boulle, dar inima si nucleul bibliotecii urmeaza designul vechiului panteon. Protejata de o
fatada secundara, camera in forma de cub este situata in mijlocul cladirii si este iluminata de o
lumina centrala situata pe acoperis. In centru se afla o fantana care transforma spatiul intr-o o
zona de meditatie.
Interiorul este luminos, fara iluminare directa, este cald, fara a fi vopsit in culori calde si este
intim, desi atat de deschis.
Structura bibliotecii este una foarte interesanta, ea fiind constituita din 27 de coaste, pe care le puteti
vedea in imaginea de mai sus. Coastele dau o forma geometrica interesanta si lina acoperisului si dau,
de asemenea, acea orientare ondulata si eleganta spatiului generos din interior. Tot ele delimiteaza
spatiile personale de studiu (o idee ingenioasa si practica) create in biblioteca.
Structura expresiva combina infrastructura tehnica si functionalitatea intr-un element arhitectural
care creeaza o identitate estetica dinamica, pentru ca proiectul sa-si atinga scopul initial, acela de a
transforma acest spatiu intr-un punct esential al orasului, care sa marcheze centrul cultural al
Venneslei.
Noua biblioteca din Vennesla inglobeaza si o cafenea, sali de conferinta si sali administrative, leagand
o casa comunitara si un centru de invatare.
Pe ideea unui spatiu public primitor, toate functiile principale au fost adunate intr-un singur spatiu
generos, permitand structurii, impreuna cu mobila si cu interfetele spatiale, sa fie vizibila in interior si
din exterior. Un pasaj integrat aduce tumultul orasului in cladire o alta idee ingenioasa pentru a
imbina mai bine orasul si centrul cultural.
In plus, brief-ul a cerut ca noua cladire sa fie deschisa catre si usor accesibila din piata principala a
orasului, tricotand impreuna tesatura urbana deja existenta. Acest lucru a fost realizat folosind o
fatada mare de sticla si oferind o zona de relaxare, in aer liber, dar, in acelasi timp protejata.
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Stefan
Mller
Stefan
Mller
From the architect. In terms of urban planning, we bore in mind the fact that Berlin in a very flat city,
tending more toward the horizontal than vertical, whose buildings are as a rule no more than 22
meters tall with the exception of public buildings. In order to mark the significance of the library as a
public place of collected knowledge and as an urban architectural emblem of the book, one part of the
building was designed to cross the lines of the upper city limits. Towering 38 meters high, this part of
the building thrusts itself into the silhouette of the cultural landscape created by the nearby museum
island. The concentration of a majority of the building functions in this section allows room for a nearby
opening in the fabric of Berlins Dorotheenstadt, creating the space for a small forecourt along the SBahn viaduct. This square serves as an entryway for a large numberof the librarys daily patrons.
From the forecourt, one arrives in the centre of the elongated, two-story foyer, whose height lines up
with the S-Bahn viaduct opposite. This room, which lies to the south of the forecourt, forms a lightflooded prelude in a refined succession of rooms leading to the heart of the building, the great reading
room. The great reading room (the taller section of the building protects it from direct southern light)
was arranged in receding levels. Through its size and its many-tiered, almost scenic design, the space
effects a sense of the outdoors, which is further emphasized by the large plates of glass used in the
sky glazing. An unob- structed view of the clouds nearly gives one the feeling of reading under the
open sky.
Stefan
Mller
The debate over whether it would be better to have one central reading room or a number of smaller
decentralized rooms ended with the decision to have both: all 2.5 million items in the librarys collection
are accessible from the huge, multi-leveled hall; reading areas are spread over the tiers of the great
room, among them computer work areas. The reading room is therefore a central space that also
makes decentralized work possible. Thus, different areas of study are brought together in the spirit of
Humboldt and visitors are invited, in truest sense of the words, to cross the boundaries between them.
Mller
Despite the great depth of the building and the density of its interior furnishings, the library possesses
a surprising porousness and openness. The source of this lies in the consistency of heights and widths
throughout the building, born out in both the architecture and the furnishings. From almost any point
within the building, patrons can see out of, or rather through, the building. To accommodate the desire
for simple orientation, the interior of the building was organized symmetrically arounda central axis.
Stefan
Mller
In order to make full use of the thermal mass of the ceilings and to make the climate of the rooms as
pleasant as possible, suspended ceilings were avoided. All building automation fixtures have been
placed in the floor or in the concrete ceilings. The air circulation vents in the ceiling activate the thermal
mass of the concrete. The bare ceilings are thereby cooled and, in turn, absorb the warmth of the
rooms.
Stefan
Mller
The beauty in the architecture of the first floor, however, is what gave the Exeter Library its fame. This
main floor reaches 70 feet in height and soaks in natural light from a clerestory at the top of this space
and from large expanses of glass on the north and west sides. From this 50 foot square space visitors
can spot metal bookstacks and readers seven levels above through large holes punctured perfectly
into the walls, almost touching at the corners where the walls square off.
Salt Lake City's Main Library, designed by internationally-acclaimed architect Moshe Safdie, embodies the idea
that a library is more than a repository of books and computers; it reflects and engages the city's imagination and
aspirations. The building, which opened in February 2003, is double the previous space with 240,000 square feet
for more than 500,000 books and other materials, and room for the collection to grow. The six-story curving,
walkable wall embraces the public plaza, with shops and services at ground level, reading galleries above, and a
300-seat auditorium. A multi-level reading area along the glass lens at the southern facade of the building looks
out onto the plaza with stunning views of the city and Wasatch Mountains beyond. A roof-top garden, accessible
by walking the crescent wall or the elevators, offers a 360 degree view of the Salt Lake Valley. Spiraling fireplaces
on four floors resemble a column of flame from the vantage of 200 East and 400 South. The Urban Room
between the library and the crescent wall is a space for all seasons, generously endowed with daylight and open
to magnificent views.
Natural light is introduced into all of the spaces where people sit and work. Infused with light from all sides, the
library has paid careful attention to ensure that library materials and technology are not affected by direct sunlight.
The clear glass on the lens of the triangle has the highest UV rating available for energy efficiency. Indirect
lighting fixtures reflect off the painted, arched ceilings to cast even light, reducing glare on computer screens,
desk surfaces, and book pages.
As you move up in the building from floor to floor, you may notice that it gets quieter. This effect is by design, with
the more active and noisier areas of the library on the lower levels giving way to the reference and study-oriented
areas on the upper levels.
On each level of the library, as you exit the elevator or come up the stairs, you will find a building directory and
signage designed to help you orient yourself. The layout and design of the book stacks helps direct you to various
service areas as well as to the restrooms, copy machines, public telephones, and drinking fountains on the west
side of Levels 2, 3, and 4.
James Charles created a large painting built up in layers, with each new layer affecting our understanding of the
previous one. The upper portion of the painting is formed by shaped stretcher bars and covered by a semitransparent material, a reference to the new library structure. The lower section is a grid of small boxes containing
sign and symbol figurative elements, referencing the painting's concept of the pursuit of knowledge. The painting
is found in the Lower Urban Room at the end of the hall leading to the lower entrance of the Auditorium.
Bonnie Sucec and Day Christensen designed "Shards," large free-standing and hanging glass sculptures which
appear as ribbons of color throughout the building.
Flickr - User:
offset
The upper floors contain book stacks for 250,000 volumes, a student computer lab, a viewing area for
videotapes and DVDs, listening areas for music, offices for use of faculty members, and 210 specially
designed study carrels for students. On these floors are approximately 450 different seating types
scattered among the building in different rooms, such as some lounges and on a terrace that encircles
the building along the exterior of the fourth floor.
Flickr - Ed Brodzinsky
Kahn used Exeter brick on the exterior of the nine story building, a material made in Exeter itself and a
design factor that was important to the Academy. He also used stone and slate in the interior, and
finished certain aspects of the library in natural wood. The woodcontrasted the stone by giving the
spaces a sense of warmth and a glow that welcomed readers when the natural light flooded upon this
natural material.