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Apparatus
A metal gauge plate
Procedure
a) Three samples of aggregates weighing 2.5kg each are prepared.
i.
ii.
iii.
B)Each sample is gauge in turn of thickness on metal gauge.c. The passing material
of each sample is weighed
PASSING
RETAINED
SIEVE
SIEVE
(mm)
(mm)
20
14
SAMPLE
PASSING
RETAINED
(kg)
FLAKINESS
ELONGATION
INDEX
INDEX
(%)
(%)
(kg)
(kg)
14
0.2064
20.64
10
0.0956
9.56
Calculation
Flakiness index (%) =
Nos. passing
X 100
X 100
1
= 20.64 %
Nos. passing
Total Nos. Aggregate
0
1
= 0%
X 100
Discussion
The value that we get from this test is 15.1% for flakiness and not exceeds 20% the JKR
requirement. Elongation value is 0% because the aggregate is rounded so no any retain value.
Aggregate quality for road construction will also influence the road performance. The flakiness
and elongation rocks are not suitable for road construction because this type of rocks will make
the road surface not balance and easy to damage
APPARATUS
1 Heater - A heater capable of maintaining any desired temperature setting from
room temperature to 260C to within 3C.
MATERIALS
Solvent such as (Mineral Spirits or Varsol) or a degreasing spray cleaner formulated for
cleaning the sample holder, spindles and accessories.
PROCEDURE
1 Read and understand the information in the rotational viscometer manufacturer's
operating manual before proceeding.
2 Turn on the rotational viscometer and proportional temperature controller unit.
3 Preheat the sample holder with the sample chamber and the selected cylindrical
spindle according to the manufacturer's recommendation.
5 When the proportional temperature controller reads the desired test temperature,
remove the sample holder, and add the required amount of asphalt into the
sample chamber.
6 Insert the sample chamber into the proportional temperature controller unit.
7 Insert a preheated spindle and attach it to the viscometer using the necessary
coupling. Gently lower the spindle into the asphalt so that asphalt covers the
upper conical portion of the spindle. This procedure may vary based on the
manufacturer's recommendations.
8 Bring the asphalt to the desired temperature within approximately 30 minutes.
Set the viscometer speed at 20 rpm and set the display to the read viscosity in
Pascal seconds (Pas). This operation may be done manually or by using a
software program.
9 Allow the asphalt sample to equilibrate at the desired test temperature for a
minimum of 10 minutes. Begin the spindle rotation during the 10 minute temperature
equilibration period. Allow' the readings to stabilize before recording any viscosity
measurements. If the observed torque is out of range for the selected spindle and
speed, change the spindle and or speed based on the manufacturer's
recommendations for the anticipated viscosity. Restart the test with a new sample.
10 Start the test after the asphalt sample has reached the specified temperature and
equilibrated and the viscosity readings have stabilized.
11 Measure the viscosity at one-minute intervals for a total of three minutes.
CONCLUSION
The mixing temperature of bitumen is vital to determine the well mixing of the bitumen
with the aggregate. Temperature affects the viscosity of bitumen, low temperature will result in
bitumen with low viscosity which unable to mix well with aggregate to provide sufficient
bonding between those two materials, which in the end affects the quality of the road surface
layer laid with the material.
Since the result obtained raised the concern about the material which been delivered to
the laboratory may not fit the purchasing order. Since it does not fit the requirement of bitumen
grade 80/100, this material is not suitable for any road surface layer construction.