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DOI 10.1007/s12273-008-8101-4
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Abstract This paper presents a prototypically implemented daylight-responsive lighting and shading
systems control in buildings that makes use of real-time sensing and lighting simulation. This system
can control the position of window blinds and the status of the luminaires. It operates as follows: (1) at
regular time intervals, the system considers a set of candidate control states for the subsequent time
step; (2) these alternatives are then virtually enacted via a lighting simulation application that receives
input data from a self-updating model of sky (luminance distribution maps obtained via calibrated
digital photography), room, and occupancy; (3) the simulation results are compared and ranked
according to the preferences (objective function) specified by the occupants and/or facility manager to
identify the candidate control state with the most desirable performance.
Keywords simulation, lighting, shading, control, sky luminance mapping, calibration
Introduction
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2.2
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Description
) SOLAR DISC
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SUN
SOLAR
REGION
PATCH
DISC
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Scale model
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Test room
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Experiment
3.1
Test space
Em1 = ( E1 + E3 + E5 ) / 3,
(1)
Dimming step
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Em2 = ( E2 + E4 + E6 ) / 3.
(2)
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3.3
Control objective
(3)
3.4
Control process
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System performance
To illustrate and benchmark the working of the abovedescribed control method, we documented the operation of
the system in the course of fifteen days (in May and June
2005). In this case, the control systems reassessment of the
desirable control state occurs regularly every 15 minutes.
Note that this is not a fix interval and can be changed at
any time, as long as the set interval is not shorter than the
time needed for the simulation-based assessment of the
control state space (less than 15 minutes in the present
scenario). Figures 19 26 illustrate the results of the test
operation in terms of systems recommendations and its
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Conclusion
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