Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Council.
Voting
Each member of the General Assembly has one vote.
(Vote Needed)
Important Questions - requires two-third votes of all the present and voting
members
Not Important Questions requires majority of those present and voting members
President of the General Assembly
A seasoned diplomat, economist, scholar and businessman, Dr. Kerim brings with
him a wealth of experience in international political and economic affairs and
extensive knowledge of the United Nations system. From 2000 to 2001, Dr. Kerim
was Foreign Minister of the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, in which
capacity he also served as Chairman of the South-East European Cooperation
Process. He then became his country's Ambassador and Permanent Representative
to the United Nations, from 2001 to 2003, during which time he served as vicechairman both of the International Conference on Financing for Development
(Monterrey, 2002) and of the World Summit on Sustainable Development
(Johannesburg, 2002). In addition, he was a member of the group of facilitators of
the President of the fifty-sixth UN General Assembly, focusing on UN reform, and
was a co-organizer of the Regional Forum on Dialogue of Civilizations (Ohrid, 2003).
Security Council
The key organ of the United Nation in the maintenance of peace and security
Composition
Consist of fifteen (15) members. Five permanent members and ten elective
members.
Five permanent members are the commonly known as UNs Big Five, these are :
1. China
2. France
3. United kingdom
4. Russia
5. United States
- the permanent members are given a preferred position because of their prestige
and power thus, can be called upon to provide leadership and physical force needed
to preserve peace of the world.
Ten elective members elected by the General Assembly :
1. Five from African and Asian states
2. Two from Latin American state
3. Two from Western European and other states
4. One from Eastern European states
Term/Re-election
Big Five : permanent
Ten elective members : elected for two years by the General Assembly and not
eligible for immediate re-election.
become parties to the Statute of the Court or which have accepted its jurisdiction
under certain conditions) may be parties to contentious cases.
The Court is competent to entertain a dispute only if the States concerned have
accepted its jurisdiction in one or more of the following ways:
by entering into a special agreement to submit the dispute to the Court;
by virtue of a jurisdictional clause, i.e., typically, when they are parties to a treaty
containing a provision whereby, in the event of a dispute of a given type or
disagreement over the interpretation or application of the treaty, one of them may
refer the dispute to the Court;
through the reciprocal effect of declarations made by them under the Statute
whereby each has accepted the jurisdiction of the Court as compulsory in the event
of a dispute with another State having made a similar declaration. A number of
these declarations, which must be deposited with the United Nations SecretaryGeneral, contain reservations excluding certain categories of dispute.
Proceedings may be instituted in one of two ways:
through the notification of a special agreement: this document, which is of a
bilateral nature, can be lodged with the Court by either of the States parties to the
proceedings or by both of them. A special agreement must indicate the subject of
the dispute and the parties thereto. Since there is neither an applicant State nor a
respondent State, in the Courts publications their names are separated by an
oblique stroke at the end of the official title of the case, e.g., Benin/Niger;
by means of an application: the application, which is of a unilateral nature, is
submitted by an applicant State against a respondent State. It is intended for
communication to the latter State and the Rules of Court contain stricter
requirements with respect to its content. In addition to the name of the party
against which the claim is brought and the subject of the dispute, the applicant
State must, as far as possible, indicate briefly on what basis - a treaty or a
declaration of acceptance of compulsory jurisdiction - it claims the Court has
jurisdiction, and must succinctly state the facts and grounds on which it bases its
claim. At the end of the official title of the case the names of the two parties are
separated by the abbreviation v. (for the Latin versus), e.g., Nicaragua v.
Colombia.
Jurisdiction
The International Court of Justice acts as a world court. The Court has a dual
jurisdiction : it decides, in accordance with international law, disputes of a legal
nature that are submitted to it by States (jurisdiction in contentious cases); and it
gives advisory opinions on legal questions at the request of the organs of the United
Nations or specialized agencies authorized to make such a request (advisory
jurisdiction).
Secretariat
The chief administrative organ of the United Nation.
Compostion
Headed by Secretary General chosen by the General Assembly upon the