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Suprenant
Shrinkage
and Temperature
Reinforcement
Simple topic; not-so-simple design issues
hrinkage and temperature reinforcement requirements for design of reinforced concrete structures
have been included in the ACI building code since 1928,
and havent changed much in nearly 75 years. The
ACI 318-02 Commentary states that the amounts of
shrinkage and temperature reinforcement specified for
deformed bars and welded-wire fabric are empirical, but
have been used satisfactorily for many years.
Prestressed tendons can be used to provide shrinkage
and temperature reinforcement, but this discussion
refers only to the nonprestressed reinforcement requirements of ACI 318-02 that are shown in the sidebar on
page 73. The checklist below can be used to ensure that
the requirements of Section 7.12 are met.
72
SEPTEMBER 2002
/ Concrete international
Concrete international
/ SEPTEMBER 2002
73
Walls
provide
significant
restraint
Flexural
reinforcement
normal to
beams
Stair tower
Estimating forces
74
SEPTEMBER 2002
/ Concrete international
Concrete international
/ SEPTEMBER 2002
75
76
SEPTEMBER 2002
/ Concrete international
References
1. ACI Committee 544, Guide for Specifying, Proportioning,
Mixing, Placing, and Finishing Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete
(ACI 544.3R-93),American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI,
1993, 10 pp.
2. Gilbert, R. I., Shrinkage Cracking in Fully Restrained Concrete
Members, ACI Structural Journal, V. 89, No. 2, Mar.-Apr. 1992,
pp. 141-149.
3. Aalami, B. O., and Barth, F. G., Restraint Cracks and Their
Mitigation in Unbonded Post-Tensioned Building Structures,
Cracking in Prestressed Concrete Structures, SP-113, American
Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 1989, pp. 157-202.
Selected for reader interest by the editors.
e S upr
en
ant
FACI Bruc
Bruce
upren
enant
ant, P.E., PhD., is Vice
President of Engineering and Technical
Services for Baker Concrete Construction,
Monroe, OH. He has also served as a
structural engineer for Sverdrup & Parcel, an
analytical structural engineer for the
Portland Cement Association, and taught
materials, construction, and structural
engineering courses at several universities.
He is a member of ACI Committees 117,
Tolerances; 301, Specifications for Concrete;
and 302, Construction of Concrete Floors.