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ASSIGNMENT SOLUTIONS GUIDE (2014-2015)

T.S.-2
Tourism Development: Products, Operations And Case Studies
Disclaimer/Special Note: These are just the sample of the Answers/Solutions to some of the Questions given in the
Assignments. These Sample Answers/Solutions are prepared by Private Teacher/Tutors/Auhtors for the help and Guidance
of the student to get an idea of how he/she can answer the Questions of the Assignments. We do not claim 100% Accuracy
of these sample Answers as these are based on the knowledge and cabability of Private Teacher/Tutor. Sample answers
may be seen as the Guide/Help Book for the reference to prepare the answers of the Question given in the assignment. As
these solutions and answers are prepared by the private teacher/tutor so the chances of error or mistake cannot be denied.
Any Omission or Error is highly regretted though every care has been taken while preparing these Sample Answers/
Solutions. Please consult your own Teacher/Tutor before you prepare a Particular Answer & for uptodate and exact
information, data and solution. Student should must read and refer the official study material provided by the university.
PART-I
Q. 2. Highlight the major seasonal festivals of the country. Also explain how these festivals support tourism
industry.
Ans. Season Festivals
New Years Day: Though it is not an Indian festival, since the first day of the year in India doesnt start on the first
day of the Gregorian calendar, it has been adopted as a festival because of its long association with the British.
Greetings and good wishes are exchanged, sweets are distributed, parties are thrown and people start wishing Happy
New Year right after 12 in the night. People send greeting cards and good wish messages to their friends and near & dear
ones .
Exchanging costly gifts and starting new work and new accounts on this day has also caught up with the Indian
people.
Lohri: This is one of the famous festivals in the state of Punjab. The origin of this term is not known but some
connect it with fire. This festival occurs on the 13th day of January in the month of Paush or Magh, a day before the
famous Makar Sankranthi. It is celebrated in the biting cold of the winter season when the winter rains are about to come
or have come already.
The festivities include the famous and boisterous Bhangra dance, which ideally suits the occasion since its fast
movements generate enough heat in the body to fight off the freezing cold. On Lohri, the dancers perform around a fire in
a ring shape. The fire is offered Chivraor beaten rice, Meva or dry fruits, Til-gur-revri or sesame seeds sweet
preparation and gajak another variety of sweetened sesame seeds. Then the fire becomes the deity of the occasion.
Its special significance for the agriculturists culture is because it marks the beginning of a new financial year because
on this day they settle the division of the products of the land between themselves and the tillers. Women folk remain
busier because they also participate in the Gidda dance and the youngsters indulge in a lot more acrobatics to the
mesmerizing rhythm of the Dholak and the Nagara.
Lohri has spread far and wide from its place of origin and now mostly the Punjabis do not only celebrate it in India but
also abroad in many countries with great verve and style.
Pongal: Celebrated almost at the same time when Lohri and Makar Sankranthi are celebrated in the north,
Pongal is the most popular festival of the Tamilians. A harvest festival honoring the Sun God and the lord of rains, Indra,
Pongal also symbolizes a thanks-giving festival for the plentiful paddy crops that the farmer has harvested during the mild
winter months in South India.
Literally meaning Boiling over, Pongal, signifies the advent of prosperity. Pongal is normally celebrated over a
period of four days, starting on the 13th January. Since the calculation to determine the day is based on the solar calendar,
the date doesnt change. It is considered a very auspicious occasion when the Sun transits the Capricorn sign. A rich and

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abundant harvest of paddy and other crops depend on the availability of good rain, as most of the rivers in Tamilnadu are
not perennial. Hence the invocation of the Sun God and the God of Rain at the time of Pongal.
Makara Sankranthi: When the sun transits the Makar (Capricorn) this festival is celebrated. The special significance of this day is that on this day the lunar and the solar calendars are synchronized. It normally falls on January 14th.
It is the day, which marks the beginning of the auspicious time again for performing marriages and other ceremonies.
Sankranthi means change or a particular form of transgression, as during this time the Sun starts to travel northwards.
Makar Sankranthi is also called Uttarayan Sankranthi .On this day the devotees in thousands take a holy dip in the
Ganges and other holy streams. At Ganga Sagar where the Ganges confluences with the Sea, a grand fair and festivities
are held on this day. This is an auspicious day for giving alms. Edibles made of sesame seeds are donated liberally. Giving
of uncooked lentils and rice called Kichadi in local parlance is also held very meritorious. This Daan ceremony is
celebrated in the eastern part of the country very elaborately. In some communities, the affluent families weigh things like
Kichari, edibles, warm clothes, quilts, blankets, etc against their infants in a balance to be given off as alms.
Despite the differences in the manner of celebration with different names, Makar Sankranthi or its derivatives Lohri
or Pongal is a very joyous and auspicious occasion.
Mauni Amavasya: Falling on the fifteenth day of the dark fortnight of Magh is this unique festival called Mauni
Amavasya, that is the moonless day for observing the vow of silence. Magh is one of the most sacred months among the
pious Hindus. The uniqueness of this festival is that it is the only day when holy men and the devout remain silent.
Bathing on this day in the holy waters like the Ganges, eating frugally, visiting temples and religious shrines, and
listening to discourses by holy men are considered to be meritorious. The Magh- Mela in Allahabad attracts millions of
devotees to the holy bath at the confluence of the Ganges and the Yamuna. The holy men and Naga Sadhus take bath here.
It is a treat to watch scores of unclad or scarcely clad holy men taking bath at the Sangam amidst great fanfare and the
police bandobust at daybreak when temperature on the river surface may be below zero degree.
On Mauni amavasya day, traditionally Lord Vishnu is worshipped and the Peepal Tree is religiously circumambulated. The purpose of observing silence on this day is said to be sharpening our concentration power and living in total
communion with the Lord Almighty.
Sankat Chauth: This day falls on the fourth day of the dark half of Magha (Jan- Feb). On this day Vrata is
observed in the honor of Lord Ganesh and it ensures wisdom, trouble-free life and prosperity. After the early morning
bath and observance of the routine piety rituals, a pitcher and Ganesh idol are installed and worshipped with sweets and
balls made of jaggery and sesame seeds. Moon-god and Rohini are also worshipped. At night, after the moonrise, the fast
is broken after offering the moon, the sacred water called Arghya. It has a related legend which claims that it was the
great sage Markandeya who advised a dethroned king to keep fast on this day to regain his lost glory. He did so and
everything was well for him.
Lord Ganesh is said to be the Lord who can remove all obstructions from ones path to success. Hence his worship on
Sankat Chauth. It is believed that keeping fast on this day ensures trouble-free year ahead.
Vasant Panchami: Vasant is said to be the prince of all seasons, when the whole nature swoons in ecstasy. So the
ancient Hindu calendar started with this season. Vasant Panchami or Sri Panchami is celebrated on the fifth day of Magha
(Jan- Feb). This day is specially dedicated to Saraswati, the Goddess of learning, wisdom, and fine arts.
On this day, robes, yellow in color are traditionally worn, taking clue from the fields wearing a mustard flowers
brilliant color. This color also signifies maturity and ripeness. The Prasadam for the Goddess varies from community to
community. Some have Ber- a kind of plume that is found in abundance in North India, and Sangari- a kind of bean
that grows in the root of the radish plant are offered as prasadams. Along with these two, some Burfi sweets, which are
yellow in color and marigolds, are placed on a Thali in front of the deity. The younger girl of the family normally begins
the worship.
A large number of fairs are also held in India from time to time. People from far and wide come to take part in these
fairs. In fact, many tourists plan their vacations according to the time of occurrence of these fairs. Pushkar Fair, Urs Ajmer
Fair and Surajkund Crafts Fair are some of the famous fairs of India. The Kumbh Mela and the colorful and grand Goa
Carnival are extremely popular among the locals as well as the tourists. The fairs and festivals of India are held according
to the lunar calendar. During these colorful events people of all sects, castes and religions come together and join in the
revelry. Processions are held, prayers are offered, gifts are exchanged and people dance and sing during these multicolored events. Bringing out the true colors of the rich Indian culture, the fairs and festivals of India play an important role
in attracting tourists to the country. These festivals are an integral part of the life of the people of the country. In recent
years festivals are a being used for promoting tourism. It helps in boosting the economy. This time-limited event encour-

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ages visitors to visit the place during the event. During the event, visitors have a unique chance to interact with the local
community, gaining a deeper experience of the ambience, customs and local culture. Fairs and festivals empower communities to attract new visitors while capitalizing on local commercial and cultural value. The impact of these events can be
counted in dollars, but indirect value is also created through the positive presentation of the community and the social
interactions that fairs and festivals engender.
PART - II
Q. 1. What do you understand by Regional distribution of international tourism? Provide an insight into
UNWTO projections about the most growing regions in future.
Ans. There are two main aspects of travel geography:
1. The worlds geographical resource base for tourism and
2. The spatial patterns of world tourist activity. The distribution of tourism in the different regions of the world and
geographical explanations of these patterns.
There are several factors that lead to changes in travel flows and patterns of tourist development. In order to understand these processes, it is necessary to know tourists motivation and other social, political and economic circumstances
that both generate tourism and control its spatial expression.
Tourism is one of the fastest growing sectors of the global economy and developing countries are attempting to cash
in on this expanding industry in an attempt to boost foreign investment and financial reserves. While conceding that the
uncontrolled growth of this industry can result in serious environmental and social problems, the United Nations contends that such negative effects can be controlled and reduced. Arguing that tourism needs to be more sustainable, the
world body is organising a dialogue this April in the UN Commission on Sustainable Development to bring together
national and local governments, the tourism industry, trade unions and activist groups to realise this goal. In the following
article, Anita Pleumarom considers whether the global tourism industry can really be propelled towards sustainability
under the current international and political regime that underpins the drive towards globalisation.
International Tourism is when people travel globally outside of their region and home country. This means a temporary movement of people from the resident place to another place for different reasons such as recreational, health,
business or some other reason. Tourism is a noteworthy activity in all 41 regions under investigation. The shares of total
regional value added pertaining to the hotel and restaurant sector are in such areas larger than the national averages. In
Italian coastal regions the weight of the hotel sector on total regional output is however lower than the 5 countries coastal
area overall average (3.8 and 7.3 per cent, respectively). The largest shares are those of Southern Aegean, Balearic, Ionian
and Canary islands (24, 21.4, 18.3 and 15.2 per cent, respectively). Somehow surprisingly, the largest shares 8 in Italy
pertain to central-northern regions, led by Liguria (5.7 per cent) and followed by Tuscany and Veneto (4.5 per cent for
both regions).
Many factors contributed to such vigorous performance: the growth of available income in many countries; dramatic
reduction in transportation costs and the soaring number of international flights resulting from the development of low
cost carriers; the appearance of new competitors on the worlds tourist markets; a change in consumer tastes that resulted
in a growing interest for journeys abroad. The distribution of international tourist expenditures among origin countries
mirrors to a very large extent the degree of industrialization and development attained. UNWTO data show that the first
six countries in the ranking of tourist expenditures abroad are G8 members. Moreover, one third of total international
tourist expenditures can be attributed to travellers from Germany, the USA and the UK, countries that represent about 28
per cent of world GDP and almost 18 per cent of the planets population.
World Tourism Organisation (UNWTO) is the most widely recognised and the leading international organisation in
travel and tourism today. It is a specialised agency of the United Nations. It serves as a global forum for tourism policy
and a practical source of tourism know-how. With its headquarters in Madrid, Spain the World Tourism Organisation
plays a central and decisive role in promoting development of responsible, sustainable and universally accessible tourism,
with the aim of contributing to economic development, international understanding, peace prosperity and universal respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental freedoms. Its membership includes 150 countries and territories and more than 450 affiliate members representing local governments, tourism associations, educational institutes and
private sector companies including airlines, hotels and tour operators.
Q. 3. Discuss the importance of business cities for tourism. Give suitable examples.
Ans. Business tourism or business travel is a more limited and focused subset of regular tourism. During business
tourism (traveling), individuals are still working and being paid, but are doing so away from both their workplace and
home.

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Some definitions of tourism tend to exclude business travel. However, the World Tourism Organization (WTO)
defines tourists as people traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one
consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes.
Primary business tourism activities include meetings, and attending conferences and exhibitions. Despite the term
business in business tourism, when individuals from government or non-profit organizations engage in similar activities,
this is still categorized as business tourism (travel).
Cities across the world are expanding airports, constructing hotels and improving facilities all to attract tourist dollars. With tourism playing a major part of many economies, its not a surprise that many destinations are going out of their
way to woo visitors.
Lets take a look at 20 cities that attracted most international visitors in 2013.
Bangkok has many attractions, ranging from royal palaces and temples to shopping and eating joints. The city is
also well-known for its exciting nightlife, cultural scene and historical locations. Apart from foreign visitors,
Thailands capital also sees huge number of domestic travellers. Its main airport, Suvarnabhumi Airport, is the
14th busiest in the world.
Some of the major attractions in London are Big Ben, Houses of Parliament, Tower of London, Buckingham
Palace and London Eye. Its also famous for its parks, such as St Jamess Park, Hyde Park and Hampstead Heath.
Paris, the city of romance, has some of the most loved attractions in the world, including the Eiffel Tower, the
Louvre, Champs-Elysees and Notre Dame de Paris. To make commuting easy, the city has several forms of
transport, such as buses, Metro and boats.
Singapore has many things going for itself, such as low crime rate, prevalence of English language and worldclass infrastructure. The city-state gets more visitors annually than its population. Some of the major attractions
are Orchard Road district, Marina Bay Sands, Resorts World Sentosa and Singapore Zoo.
New York City, one of the worlds most visited cities in the world, has several attractions for both domestic and
international visitors. Some of the most well-known hotspots are Times Square, Fifth and Madison Avenues,
Statue of Liberty and Broadway. Some of the events that see huge numbers of tourists include Halloween Parade,
Labor Day Carnival and New York Marathon.
Istanbul, one of the worlds leading conference centres, has thousands of hotels and destinations attracting both
business and leisure travellers. Its two main airports handle millions of passengers every year.
Dubai, which is called the Shopping Destination of the Middle East, is famous for its malls, desert safari, parks
and nightlife. It has some of the best hotels and also boasts the tallest building, Burj Khalifa, in the world.
Kuala Lumpur, which has more than 60 shopping malls, is a tourist magnate for its dining experience, cultural
scene and nightlife. Some of the major attractions are Petaling Street, the National Palace, Petronas Twin Towers
and Suria KLCC.
Tourism is one of the most important economic activity in Hong Kong. The city has number of attractions,
including Victoria Harbour, Hong Kong Disneyland Resort, Peninsula Hotel and Star Ferry Pier.
Barcelona, a city known for its moderate climate, has some of the best beaches in the world, excellent hotels,
shopping areas and top-class infrastructure.
Seoul, the capital of South Korea, is a city of shopping malls, cultural attractions and dynamic nightlife. Some of
the best shopping areas are Dongdaemun Market, Namdaemun market, Insa-dong and Gangnam.
Vienna, which is once again seeing a surge in visitor numbers, has several world famous attractions, such as
Schonbrunn Palace, Tiergarten Schonbrunn, the worlds oldest zoo, and Vienna State Opera. The city offers both
historical delights and dynamic nightlife.
Taipei, the capital of Taiwan has number of destinations for both international and domestic travellers, including
Taipei 101, Shilin Night Market, Beitou Hot Springs and Huaxi Street Tourist Night Market.
Milan has several tourist attractions, such as Duomo and Piazza, Teatro alla Scala, San Siro Stadium, and is
known for entertainment, cultural scene and leisure opportunities.
Rome, which has been one of the most popular tourist destination for long time, has some of the most visited sites
in the world, including Vatican Museums, Colosseum, St Peters Basilica and Trevi Fountain.
Shanghai, one of the fastest growing cities in the world, is famous for its excellent infrastructure, exciting nightlife,
cultural scenes and eating delights.
Amsterdam is a city that has attractions ranging from museums to shopping districts to canals and red-light areas.
Some of the famous destinations are the canals, Rijksmuseum museum, Albert Cuyp Market, Amsterdam Dia-

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mond Centre and De Wallen, a red-light district.

Tokyo, which has two main airports, has several popular destinations, such as Imperial Palace, Meiji Shrine,
Tokyo National Museum and Tsukiji Fish Market.
Q. 4. How can adventure and sports be used as tourist attractions?
Ans. Adventure travel involves exploration or travel to remote exotic areas. Adventure tourism is rapidly growing in
popularity as a tourist seeks different kinds of vacations. Any constructive activity which tests the endurance of both a
person and his equipment to its extreme limit is termed as Adventure. Adventure travel involves exploration or travel to
remote exotic areas. Adventure tourism is rapidly growing in popularity as a tourist seeks different kinds of vacations.
Any constructive activity which tests the endurance of both a person and his equipment to its extreme limit is termed as
Adventure. The Adventurous sporting seems to be a passion and thrill for the westerners since the 1970s, but now Indians
are also enjoying this new ways of entertainment and thrills. India is blessed with various adventure destinations which
attracts both domestic and foreign tourists every year. The Himalayas offers a high altitude for various adventure sports
and also the southern regions which offers various other adventures too. The Snow adventure regions of Himachal
Pradesh, Kashmir, and Uttaranchal are attracting more and more adventure enthusiasts daily. The southern regions offers
various activities related to water sports. Which includes beach sports and back water thrills. Rajasthan also offers desert
rides and adventures. The various adventure destinations in India will definitely provide you with the right enjoyment
with a chilling experience on your holidays.
Sports and adventure tourism are two types of tourism that are popular among travelers who would like to do more
with their vacation days than return home with a tan and a few souvenirs. Sports tourism can refer to visiting an area either
in order to attend a specific sports event, or to practice or learn a particular sport. Adventure tourism refers to activities
and destinations that either do not appeal to, or are not accessible to, mainstream tourism markets, either because of the
remoteness of a destination, the difficulty of planned activities, or the trips experience as one that is simply outside the
box.
The travel industry has grown explosively since the 1950s: According to the United Nations World Tourism Organization, international tourism arrivals have grown from 25 million in 1950 to 684 million in 2000; 1 billion international
tourist arrivals are expected in 2020. A movement away from the destination-based trips of yesteryear (which might have
focused on photographing the Eiffel Tower, the Colosseum and the Leaning Tower of Pisa) toward more experiential trips
has emerged. According to a study on tourism trends, travelers today seek unique ways to spend their vacation and find
meaning through interacting with their surroundings, and tourism providers offer more tailor-made, off-the-beaten-path
packages. In addition, the increased popularity of active lifestyles has meant that many travelers seek ways to integrate
their love of a particular activity into a trip to a new destination.
There is no typical sports or adventure tourism trip; it all depends on your interest and comfort levels. If youd like
to design an active and challenging adventure tourism expedition, for example, you might consider a trip to northeast
Cambodia, where a two-hour motorbike ride to a six-hour boat trip upriver leads you to Virachey National Park, where
youll hike the remnants of the Ho Chi Minh Trail, spot tiger footprints and day-glo butterflies, and sleep under the
brightest stars youve ever seen. If youre more of the sporting type, you could travel to Japan to try your hand at the
ancient sport of Yabusame, or travel to watch the Football World Cup, Wimbledon, or the Olympics--just be sure to
research in advance whether and how you can get tickets.
While youre planning your trip, be sure to check whether the activities youll be doing will be covered by your travel
insurance. If planning a trip to remote destinations, its best to go with at least one other person, particularly if youre a
woman. Check in advance to see what weather conditions you can expect during the time of year you plan to travel, and
check with the tour or activities providers to be sure proper safety precautions are in place. Finally, when youre on your
trip, dont forget to stay properly hydrated and aware of any personal medical or nutrition needs.
If you plan to take a particular course as part of a trip oriented around sports tourism, be sure to check out the
accreditation or level of strenuousness of the program youll enroll in before you pay any money. Some yoga courses, for
example, could be led by teachers who are less advanced than you are, or a bicycle trip you hope will test your endurance
could be nothing more than a pedal down a gravel pathway. Better to ask questions when choosing a sports activities
provider when it comes to ensuring that someone of your level of skill, experience and fitness will be able to fully enjoy
the experience.
As tourism experiences are becoming more boutique in feel, as illustrated by the growing popularity of adventure
and sports tourism, markets are opening for individual providers of exceptional sports or adventure experiences to make
a name for themselves and outcompete mass-market tourism services.

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Q. 5. Pilgrimage is a great factor in domestic tourism. Comment.

Ans. Pilgrimage tourism, also commonly referred to as faith tourism, is a type of tourism, where people travel
individually or in groups for pilgrimage, missionary, or leisure (fellowship) purposes. The worlds largest form of mass
religious tourism takes place at the annual Hajj pilgrimage in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. North American religious tourists
comprise an estimated $10 billion of the industry. Tourism has been a major social phenomenon from time immemorial.
Motivated by the natural urge of every human being for new experiences, adventure, education and entertainment, these
also include social, cultural and business interests.
Travel for pilgrimage and learning has been an integral part of Indian culture and thus several centuries of learning
and religious worship developed all over the country. This gave further impetus to the mass movement of people from one
place to another. Development of traditional industries and trade created yet another stream of travellers. Several trading
routes were established and traders started frequenting the centres of trade from distant places. The ancient rulers gave
due consideration to these travellers and created many wayside facilities like inns, sarais, dharamsalas and caravans for
their benefit. Thus, India has been experiencing a massive movement of domestic tourists for several decades.
A few centuries ago the Moghul rulers introduced pleasure tourism by building luxurious palaces and gardens in
places of natural scenic attraction, including many in the beautiful valley of Kashmir. It was, however, during the British
rule in India, that domestic tourism received new direction and meaning. Several hill stations were also developed during
the period, which became the core of the Indian leisure tourism.
The emergence of a large urban middle class coupled with better transport and communication facilities has created
a new class of holiday and leisure tourists in contemporary India. Millions of pilgrims and devotees now travelling from
one part of the country to another make an effort to understand the spirit and mystique of India and take pride in its ancient
cultural traditions and ethos.
Domestic tourism is also one of the most vibrant expressions of Indian heritage. It is the single unifying force, which
helps in achieving understanding between various linguistic, religious and communal groups living in different parts of
the country. In the contemporary India, the phenomenon of domestic tourism with its vibrant and changing dimensions
can be expected to make an even greater contribution toward strengthening the fabric of the unity of India.
Despite its great significance in the national integration and development, domestic tourism has not received adequate attention in the process of development planning. However, there has been the almost unobtrusive and yet inexorable rise of domestic tourism in the Indian paradigm. From approximately 270 million domestic visits in 2003, the
number rose to almost 432 million in 2006. The ministry of tourisms vision is to achieve a level of 760 million domestic
tourist visits by the year 2011, the end of the 11th Plan at an annual average growth of 12 per cent.
The average Indian is also an avid sightseer and can travel thousands of miles to different environments. A significant
pointer to this is travel during the summer months, a time when most foreign tourists avoid India. The bulk of the affluent
middle class, however, flock to the tourist stations of the Himalayas and test the carrying capacity of these resorts to the
maximum. Even in winter, the Indian traveller is on the move, targeting seaside resorts, forests sanctuaries, desert safaris
and historical monuments for special attention. Domestic tourism is also fuelled by business travel to various parts of the
country, as also by agriculture demands.
Hitherto, domestic tourism was confined to lower spectrum of spending and so did not figure in hotel and restaurant
receipts. Now the domestic tourist demand is shifting to expansive tourist resorts, hotels and resorts.
As the rich domestic tourist will look after himself, there is a need to make domestic tourism reach within the capacity
of the lower middle class and millions of pilgrims and devotees. It should be the job of the Central and state governments,
travel agencies and tour operators and other agencies to work out packages which they could conveniently afford.
Since accommodation is the core of the tourism industry, efforts need to be made to provide the domestic visitors
economy accommodation. There are a large number of dharamsalas, sarais, choultries, agarshalas etc., which were built
round the places of worship only during ancient times through the efforts of private individuals, institutions and rulers.
The British administration then built a number of circuit houses, dak bungalows and rest houses and hill resorts. Most of
the dharamsalas and sarais are today in a dilapidated condition. These could be made fit for staying with a small expenditure.
Dharamasalas and sarias at the pilgrimage and religious places should be improved and provided with more facilities.
Some of our pilgrim places woefully lack even basic hygienic amenities. During the festival days, millions of pilgrims
and devotees visit the shrines, a large majority of them sleeping in the open with hardly any sanitary facilities. Basic
facilities at these places including camping sites and budget hotels, which the ordinary travellers could afford should be

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developed not only at the pilgrimage and religious places but at other places of interest. Presently, tariffs of hotels run by
the tourism corporations in northern India are beyond the reach of average domestic traveller.
Q. 6. How the promotional activities are organized in tourism industry? Explain with suitable example.
Ans. In order to attract tourists, any organisation or business in the tourist industry must create successful marketing
and promotion campaigns. The tourist industry is one of the most important in the world, worth up to one trillion dollars
annually, so successful marketing and promotion campaigns have the potential to generate huge revenue. Though promotion plays an important role in tourism marketing, the tourism marketing in Bangladesh is far behind from reaching this
goal, which leads to incapacity to attract a significant number of tourists. This is mainly due to inadequate and ineffective
promotional measures of the tourism sector of Bangladesh. Both the private and public tour operators of Bangladesh have
the resource constraints and cannot afford the sufficient budget for the promotional purpose. As a result, they cannot
conduct the promotional measures for the said industry by using international media which is essential for attracting the
foreign tourists. They only depend on the local media which is not sufficiently fruitful for an industry where the location
of the target market is diversified and they are located at the different parts of the world. In addition to that the low quality
of promotional materials, improper distribution of the materials, the perceived negative image by the potential tourists
due to a wrongful and negative reporting from international media adversely affect the tourism of Bangladesh.
The research also revealed that the country has a positive trend in arrivals and earnings and it can be increased to a
singnificant level if the country can undertake appropriate promotion measures by increasing the allocation for this
purpose. The country also needs to employ creative people for this purpose and the quality of the promotional materials
also needs to be developed. The promotional activities should also be directed in correcting the present image towards
Bangladesh as tourists destination. By ensuring these measures Bangladesh tourism industry can emerge as one of the
major contributors to the national economy of Bangladesh.
The World Tourism Organization is the leading international organization in the field of travel and tourism. It serves
as a global forum for tourism policy issues and a practical source of tourism know-how and statistics. Through tourism,
WTO aims to stimulate economic growth and job creation, provide incentives for protecting the environment and cultural
heritage, and promote peace, prosperity and respect for human rights. Its membership includes 139 countries, seven
territories and some 350 Affiliate Members representing regional and local promotion boards, tourism trade associations,
educational institutions and private sector companies, including airlines, hotel groups and tour operators. With its headquarters in Madrid and an international staff of 90 tourism specialists, WTO is an intergovernmental organization vested
by the United Nations with a central and decisive role in promoting the development of responsible, sustainable and
universally accessible tourism.

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