BLUE TOOTH

Bluetooth Stack:
APPLICATION
JINI
SDP

SDP

WAP
RFCOMM
L2CAP

LINK MANAGER
ACL

SCO

BASE BAND
BLUETOOTH RADIO

Bluetooth Radio:
Bluetooth Radio is Transceiver which transmits and receives
modulated electrical signals from peer Bluetooth devices. The radio for
compatibility reasons should have some defined transmitter and receiver
characteristics.
Baseband:
Baseband is the physical layer of Bluetooth that manages
physical channels and links apart from other services like end correction,
data whitening, hop selection and Bluetooth security.
ACL:

ACL is Asynchronous Connectionless physical link for

Transmitting data over physical channels. ACL link provides a packet
switched connection between the master and all the active sales.
SCO:
SCO is Synchronous Connection Oriented physical for voicelike information. It is a symmetric point-to-point link between the master
and a specific slave. It behaves like a circuit-switched connection.
Link Manager:
Essentially handles link set-up, security and control. It provides
services like autherification, encryption control, power control and provides
QOS capabilities. It also manages devices in different modes.
L2 Cap:
It is the logical link control and adoption layer protocol. It
resides in the data link layer and provides connectionless and connectionoriented data services to upper layer protocols with protocol multiplexing
capability, segmentation and reassemble operation and group abstraction.
It permits higher-level protocols and applications to transmit
and receive L2 cap data packets up to 64KB in length.
SDP:
It is Service Discovery Protocol for applications to discover
which services are available and to determine the characteristics of these
available services.
RFCOMM:
It is a Simple Transport Protocol. It supports up to 60
simultaneous connections between two Bluetooth devices.

WHEN WILL IT TAKE OFF:

Blue Tooth wireless technology is the marriage of the telecom
and computing industries, scans cables.
Blue Tooth is set to revolutionize the person connectivity
market by providing freedom from wired connections.
The idea that triggered on this technology in the late 1990s to
eliminate the uses of cables altogether, enabling users to connect a wide
range of computing and telecommunications devices easily and simply,
without the need to buy, care or connect cables.
Primary advantage of Blue Tooth is its technology is that it uses
the 2.46HZ Industrial, Scientific and Medical countries.
MARKET ACCEPTENCE:
Vendors are doing a lot of work for embedding Bluetooth as
product, it just a trickle now. It is expected to explode soon, the number of
Blue tooth enabled devices is expected to reach 700 million by 2004.
Since it is introducing into the market for the last five-six
months, It is just beginning to see the light of day.
Efforts are making to develop a new product around the Blue tooth stack in
terms of user acceptance.
Bluetooth SIG comprising of industry hereby weights like IBM,
NOKIA, Ericsson and 2000 other small and big companies. To promote it to
worldwide. Now SIG is working to secure the approval for the use of
Bluetooth through out the world.
APPLICATION:
These stacks can be embedded in mobile phones,
palmtops, laptops, consumer applications, medical
equipment automobiles and so on.

 It eliminates the need of cables.

Blue tooth applications are file transmit, data
synchronization (Schedule, telephone book), data
exchange (business cards etc) voice transmission
(headset and cord less telephony), image transfer,
LAN access (to Ethernet, Token Ring Fire Wire,
USB) and Dial-up networking (Internet/Intranet
Bridge).
MERITS AND DEMERITS:
Any upcoming technology has both merits and demerits, that is yet to
reach maturity
1. Merit that clearly stands out is the ability of the Technology
to take us into the wireless world with point-to-multi point
connectivity to any device or into any existing application.
2. Major Limitation is its speed and range.
3. Advantage:- Vendors can built it into their devices with a
low cost to consumer.
4. Is a win situation for the user.
5. Logical solution for wireless connectivity
6. Revolutionize the way business is done today.
7. It exceeds the exceptions of those who are directly
correlated with it.
8. Its strength lies in the minimal hardware dimensions low
priced components and the low power consumption.
DRAWBACK:1. Lack of inter operability among various standards.
FUTURE PRODUCTS THAT WILL COME INTO THE MARKET:Motorala India Electronics is introducing a product soon to be
expected in the market is the Bluetooth radio which will operate on the

globally available 2.45GHZ ISM free band allowing international travelers

to use Bluetooth enabled equipment any where in the world.
COMPETITION:
COMPARISION OF BLUETOOTH WITH 802.11:
Debate is going on whether Blue tooth competes with
802.11(Wireless LAN). Both are similar and are used for WLANS and
operate in the unregulated 2.4GHZ frequency space. but 802.11 transmits
data bout 15 times faster and that to over longer distances as compared to
Blue tooth put this wants at an inflated cost and higher power consumption
but Blue tooth is of low cost and low power consumption is ideal for cellular
phones, handheld, laptops.

SPECIFICATION COMPARISON OF BLUE TOOTH WITH IrDA, HOME

RF

SPECIFICATION

BLUE TOOTH

IrDA

HOME RF

Data Rate(kbps)

1000

4000

2000

Distance(m)

10

50

No.of Devices

127

Voice Channels

Topology

Point to multi point Point to Point Network

COMPLEXITY KEEPS GROWING:

Single Interference, cost and standards obstacles, and on top of
this, every one has a competing Technology from Bluetooth, Home RF, and
phone line networking, to SUNS JINI. This type of innovation and
company promoted consortiums and standards are as usual creating
hindrance in both their adoption and use.

CONCLUSION:
We can conclude that Blue Tooth is an emerging technology.
Even though it is a emerging technology blue tooth has to receive the over
whelming support of all digital and computer equipment manufactures to
become a basic unit in the production process.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
NETWORK MAGAZINE --- JUNE 2001
NETWORK MAGAZINE --- MARCH 2001