References

Auerbach, E.R. (1992). Making meaning, making change: Participatory curriculum

development for adult ESL literacy. Washington, DC and McHenry, IL: Center for
Applied Linguistics and Delta Systems.
Beatty, K. (2003). Teaching and researching computer-assisted language learning.
London: Longman.
Breen, M. P. (1985). Authenticity in the language classroom. Applied linguistics, 6(1),
60-70.
Campbell, A.P. (2004). Using live journal for authentic communication in EFL
classes. The Internet TESL journal, 10(9). Retrieved June 18, 2007, from
http://iteslj.org/Techniques/Campbell-LiveJournal/
Campbell, A. P. (2007). Motivating language learners with Flickr. TESL-EJ, 11(2).
Retrieved December 1, 2007, from http://tesl-ej.org/ej42/m2.html
Cheung, C. K. (2001). The use of popular culture as a stimulus to motivate secondary
students' English learning in Hong Kong. ELT journal, 55(1), 55-61.
Chuo, Shiao-Chuan and Kung, Tun-Hui. (2002). Students' perceptions of English
learning through ESL/EFL Websites. TESL-EJ, 6(1). Retrieved June 18, 2007, from
http://www-writing.berkeley.edu/TESL-EJ/ej21/a2.html
Dornyei, Z. (2001). Teaching and researching motivation. England: Pearson
Education Limited.
Egbert, J. (2001). Active learning through computer-enhanced activities. Teaching
English with technology, 1(3). Retreived June 18, 2007, from
http://www.iatefl.org.pl/sig/call/j_article3.htm
Ellis, R. (1997). The study of second language acquisition. Oxford University Press.
Gardner, R. C. (1985). Social psychology and second language learning: The role of
attitudes and motivation. London, Ontario: Edward Arnold.
Internet world statistics: Usage and population statistics: Retrieved September 18,
2007, from http://www.internetworldstats.com/usage/use010.htm.
Lepper, Mark R. (1988). Motivational considerations in the study of instruction.
Cognition and instruction, 5(4), 289-309.
Li, R.C. and Hart, R.S. (1996). What can the world wide web offer ESL teachers?
TESOL journal, 5-10.
Meloni, C. (1998). The Internet in the classroom: A valuable tool and resource for
ESL/EFL teachers. ESL magazine. Retrieved June 18, 2007, from
http://www.eslmag.com/Article.htm
Paulsen, P. (2001). New era trends and technologies in foreign language learning: An
annotated bibliography. Interactive multimedia electronic journal of computerenhanced learning. Retrieved June 18, 2007, from
http://imej.wfu.edu/articles/2001/1/05/index.asp
Rogers, C. 1991. On becoming a person. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Sherman, Jane. (2003). Using authentic video material in the language classroom.
Cambridge University Press.
Stempleski, Susan, Morgan, James R., and Douglas, Nancy. (2005). World link:
Developing English fluency. Thomson Heinle.
Taylor, D. (1994). Inauthentic authenticity or authentic inauthenticity? TESL-EJ, 1(2).
Retreived June 18, 2007, from http://www.cc.kyoto-su.ac.jp/information/teslej/ej02/a.1.html
"YouTube serves up 100 million videos a day online", USA today, Gannett Company,
Inc, 2006-07-16. Retrieved June 11, 2007, from

http://www.usatoday.com/tech/news/2006-07-16-youtube-views_x.htm on November
24, 2007.
YouTube: Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/.
Barker, P. 1994. Designing Interactive Learning, in T. de Jong & L. Sarti (Eds),
Design and Production of Multimedia and Simulation-based Learning Material.
Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Brett, PA. 1998. Integrating multimedia applications into the Business English.
Curriculum ESP Journal; Brett, PA, & Nash, M. Multimedia Language Learning
Brown I. 2001. Muddled Methodology CALL in the classroom is not always
communicative but it can be. Available at: http://www.acl.edu.au
English Discoveries Teachers Pedagogical Guide. Version 2.0. Edusoft.
Ellis, R. 1994. The Study of Second Language Acquisition. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
Heath, Joanne. 2002. The Language Centre, University College London. Retrieved
October 21, 2002, from the World Wide Web:
http://www.ilt.ac.uk/public/cti/ActiveLearning/issue3/heath/index.html
Huang, Shih-Jen. 2000. Communicative Language Teaching in a Multimedia
Language Lab. The Internet TESL Journal. Retrieved from the World Wide Web:
http://iteslj.org/Techniques/Huang-CompLab.htm.
Jonassen. D. 1995. Computers in the classroom: Mindtools for critical thinking. New
Jersey. Prentince Hall.
Hatch, E. 1978. 'Discourse analysis and second language acquisition' in Second
Language Acquisition. Rowley, Mass.: Newbury House.
Hardisty, D. & Windeatt, S. (1989). CALL. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Long, M. H. 1996. The role of the linguistic environment in second language
acquisition. In W. C. Ritchie & T. K. Bhatia (Eds.), Handbook of research on
language acquisition. Vol. 2: Second language acquisition. (pp. 413-468). New York:
Academic Press.
Malamah-Thomas, A. 1987. Classroom interaction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Maley, Alan. Cited in English Discoveries teachers pedagogical guide. Version 2.0.
Edusoft.
McLuhan, M. & Bruce R. 1989. The Global Village: Transformations in World Life
and Media in the 21st Century. New York: Oxford University Press.
Merriam, S. (1988) Case Study Research in Education. San Francisco Jossey-Bass
Publishers.
Ortega, L. 2002. Processes and outcomes in multimedia classroom interaction:
Defining the research agenda for EFL computer-assisted classroom interaction.
Language Learning & Technology.
Patton, M.Q. 1980. Qualitative evaluation methods. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Pica T. & Doughty C. 1987. The Inpact of Interaction on Comprehension
Interactional Modifications.
Pool, B. 1999. Education for an Information Age. Teaching in the Computerixed
Classroom. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Scrimshaw. P. 1995. Oral Discourse and Education. Encyclopedia of Language and
Education Volume 3. Kluwer Academic Publications, Boston
Sims, R. 1994. Seven levels of interactivity: implications for the development of
multimedia education and training, in (Ed) M. Ryan, Proceedings of the Asia Pacific
Information Technology in Training and Education (APITITE) Conference, Volume
3. Brisbane, Qld: APITITE.

Sims, Roderick. 1997. Interactivity: A Forgotten Art?. [Online] Available

http://intro.base.org/docs/interact/, January 27, 1997
Soo, K. & Ngeow y. 1998. Effective English as a Second Language (ESL). In:
Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia. Vol. 7 Number 1. 1998.
Tinzmann, J. 1990. What Is the Collaborative Classroom?. In:
http://www.ncrel.org/sdrs/areas/rpl_esys/collab.htm
Vygotsky, L. S. 1978. Mind in society. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
Vygotsky, L. S. 1986. Thought and Language. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
Warschauer, M., & Healey, D. (1998). Computers and language learning: An
overview. Language Teaching, 31, 57-71.
Website: http://www.bbcworldwide.com/talk/whyextra.htm#The benefits of
interaction in language learning.
Williams and Burden (1997). Psychology For Language Teachers. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
Wright, T. (1991). Roles of Teachers and Learners. Oxford : Oxford University Press.
Glossary
CALL: Computer Assistance Language Learning
Click: to point to an item and then quickly press and release the main mouse button
once.
Constructivism: An education philosophy based on the premise that students learn
better when they are active participants and control their own education, in such a
way that they construct in an individual way the foundations of knowledge
acquisition.
Computer: An electronic machine that stores and processes data.
Collaborative learning: A learning environment where students work together to
expand their knowledge and their education experience. At computer laboratories
students can use multimedia to foster collaborative learning.
Hypermedia: A structure of interactive multimedia of linked elements through which
the user can navigate.
Interactivity: A necessary and fundamental mechanism for knowledge acquisition and
the development of both cognitive and physical skills.
Interface: The main menu from which learners can link to what they want to explore,
practice and learn.
Medium: A participant organism, an instrument or mechanism, by which something is
transmitted or by which something is accomplished. Intervening substance producing
an effect.
Media: The plural form of Medium. Media is a plural noun. There is an increasing
tendency to use it also as a singular noun because of the ambiguous senses of
medium.
Multiple-level Interaction in the Lab: The interaction that takes place between the
learner and the Multimedia Software content, the learner and the instructor, and
between learners.
Nature of interaction: The interlocutors intentions and the makeup of their interaction
as well.
Quality interaction: The significant interaction which promotes EFL learning.
Record: To register (sound or images) in permanent form by mechanical or electrical
means for reproduction.
Role: The characteristic and expected social behavior of an individual.
Software: Written or printed data, such as programs, routines, and symbolic
languages, essential to the operation of computers.

Troubleshooter: A worker whose job is to locate and eliminate sources of trouble, as

in mechanical operations.