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ERIC SHIRAEN DANID LevyrT Ba revcriniarecntomenmasnescnmmmneses | @Stinnsern Ymmsrccs Be Ser ape ne mn ely Soa 1221 ten or ret he den ero yur om "ented pon pln yg a Yee hor nae neenanas se ‘orb, corsa tO yD Nf cet Spore nanny eae ‘The Evaluative Bias of Language: To Describe Isto Prescribe asm eed ue enough nar pou eu ee wee Te wa te ers i a no cher inte etme se soca tnt MU rl of oy apg ce eg tin vt ongtng ods tabi tseer tecse te shen sree nn e nyin i ae ame pry ed omer ie ers hen tps deci nd iin ls Snir ba eee td he sone Te er tery eer sR el SS petcumn tt nay an Bon ns When ce tig on sti ofl an orci Ii 3 EI he Se Perea Dt om Tew Dart Soden dnt ae a Ho chee es pecs ity pic saat rm Jay he Sen am Va rote yee ergo dike ee Beales itty remedied = ‘ ingle yout tn ncaa yu seu ns rene Sop pense mig ter pny, Ninn ‘in we ote ll ee Rater ies slr move cry hoes seer Trt pps tito gorse ih wes apd om Ley. 1 ut mens ed ery fo te ry pln ef me Sons pre yt hur ep ‘eon fo play na ilies ys yang ‘lopy pidTiipten rennin crag cope peo Le Se ae i ay hoe dt sera ea Sree @D wrencisea.s Tice of oes Prins nd Legge Jonas lin ngpeden perio pena tenpge a) ones sem tee unica ald nee Pa ell om mi and so ‘Sir it ve Reg eon chron rs an tara Why ‘nem rn wep Sey spr hyip be ee ol ‘osc ocver teeny abject, mpara sensed Dire mewenrenamnene nh atenn st nme slo Differentiating Dichotomous Variables and Continuous Variables: Black and White, or Shades of Gray? Son phenmsai he yb irra inm r naly 4 Alice on tot ke| ens et {BER cane two the exes 6 Reker ext «me sc Foc ie Si nS! pe me ® EXERCISE 3.2 TS taming no re ome pi Alen hte cnt oman Yo co he toma cw ne ve oa teen me ate rcp iy sy ec Pez ove mir er te moot The Similarty-Uniqueness Paradox: All Phenomena Are Both similar and Different ree mene peer a Son code tombe en moe oenl ns D vercises aplrng Silt ifr emt ie eae (0) How re they se Wore iaconhy sn ome ‘aie yr Sov Aone iSe @ ectoncte ten om nine ‘The Barnum Effect: “One-Size-Fits-All” Descriptions ugh ron cd ens See oper Este tortor om cua) an ws + fon semen oe that a ‘St ip pee mama cer Oona ‘hacen th omer eng eer am en ea) «a a ® o tte rt ye rt seu any i Garon “The Representativeness Bias: Fits and Misfits of Categorization Gest geist : a babes ee ictee soe ‘Seve too meno ee) ht ald ele usw ve at robles ie tied dt peg ye rey sr berate hi rede a en Emig tp ae a ‘her Sursty np uso mala gat sesh pnr dco Hover y {ova bee ot hornginasond uc rene neta oe} eigen any ad ee,Sa ely penn ei of er pes ews mye rex TOU Sent nace eyo ies ats tine iii ‘Sa tc tig far go fon set mse @D cvcncises.6 Bang Scere Schema and Sees (Si Sots tere spe ton dr om ier nicer ‘ets ac bond cepa ay mec ano {ESS Sy ons te ig sem ap ly ‘hermes mgh be mer noe po eon she pan mas a SOS ghd i en wale ‘ce eye ene dene hs ato eg ad Sole es yl cin ng ch pine ne ‘Si y ne hn le eons ee] ‘Wi Oe eons nol ey nr ae ser ‘Sew pial eaten ce Pam nae neeoo eeeThe Avalability Bias: The Persuasive Power of Vivid Events 3 Re fhe cy nina ii © instar rs tetra. @ pam when ‘meso meting hit eg wba ihe tt Gre you (rine orden eases 1 Waar ef nuings il wl ogy mpd cing beet | pry bk hes Hagan ge ehh omg ‘Wiccan sigh i Sita oth sn Soe owes, you go ar arg ores awh urn? Spon yer med eg or cog ‘Fei acai cay eid on pert cen a ccs sc ay ii ly ite snes ae py oie oe ie cd on mcs oy Sore i yo ir an isn ming ay fhe rein povkiietiawenmtesed om nm ne ating than hr ghd sna me pe liken at emery hes erence man pe (pan cn hay pa ten rng ‘otal ale dhn by ee re, Amey ‘ier mtn a stmt le an isabel 8. 7 Sepia igre a cr eka. 2, Neng he el ed ie me ah ty 4 dt dept aon nage ‘hr eto ee upc a ew wel en ‘St Te re ne ele hc Fi hee eng ering eis oe ce errr ful offre ‘hie ape ea rot fad boy ot i il Semin ln ae es See in ng ss ‘Se Wh ein ce es eeees ire eal ss, 1985). 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To mer denon how pl oy Hl cnferdat ow ‘ sae ne ‘moony 3 Be Gren a ate rien Tiruny ds you upp might ects pe er orem tall! in ean ae! Po DP occncisess plering Manet of So Folin Prop an etn eer pce fang he ‘Schnorr ay of pe “eepe pee ceating eategemptinn oe ee roe SESE idles vino sacl or porermenel ps ropa Slime deters mnt lode es depron ‘Se Engi on ntl ram manny een Tench ‘Se parr bow Pes nes wise an i a tps pon ee SaISEucg cae he else ar tens thos da pes ‘chiming osws leper bo eyo enon BY ae QD rasectan ese cntte lay. Specialy ey ma your chr cn Seedy top ce och ‘Spmeter eee in pce pape pe Qe tc enc mand tf te or encre Correlation Does Not Prove Causation: Confusing “What” with "Why" horses tml, Anenn Cone, rama 15 ‘Sr ae an Gon any Fe Dt‘uy ie aml Bete Sipe rca sini ny reg phy opr ‘a harm seme ee em eh Seen opin ne ‘ents of cece sate ee aly hang pore Pokaan lcd epee ere Saf Pang op Rae copeertmegenbae Dheremretide @ wrcncise 3.9 ‘pling Corton and Contin ‘Terie pms pec oping es pig yw ne Ponte and espe pt pea cna [ie contains poe ee ame eng” sd opin pe be guy oid Ley, 85 ears emit ad prone Se Opin my cena ett tht ai a oe‘Sse yo a a cheering spe creo bw Se AEE Spc in Ia en eee eee © corte rton nc mantra Bidirectional Causation and Multiple Causation: Causal Loops and Compound Pathways ‘iivectional Caution sae "singh we py ac ak lsh ing ison (Cac ve Ted ty eet oes ee 2 EXERCISE 3.10 Lenin nd Disting CoalLepone todesine wir hac abe? SEs Se rm wae he neg (1 sh ed Mutiple Causation {ins cseay hen done Sanh psn oh cunt Wh ‘90 ete fas or hoe ig ning ot theese pt yy sa ra @ exercises pring CompondPethoye pn he ae pr, oe he mie in of i spt pm la mw ees ‘Sabfy ou igh owe tg sof na roe eee WD exe res wt rite ae sth ran me Drie renew iyo met i ie fom a eos The Naturalistic Fallacy: Blurring the Line between “Is” and “Should”fom pe See ines ‘ryote eee pts le an Bi is presi? Phy dey ete be ay" Th Secheupeco” ‘femur sproumed' te orng Whee uing Ur bear | re trl cr cre spac eee [ieee ede forte ae See 1 So lat nin seg ee (ieee es aaracit aya Scene” “Tomita et di ear te phigh ister dn ny sage tra hese pi ein kn Se clone eng as orn eal” vcard ig or oy @ wrcncrse 3.02 aplrng Mamet ofthe erratic ‘es ey chink of uc dor ih oh cue Sei th io ee Stew onan en ec song peepee neonmen derre es ‘te Oe pres ta whteer caste gc ee mae al [i owed ee be go At al fener ow ppd mons {Eat Tm ht remit pins ftom ee i ae gon ht nce wi Peas tui een na ili ogi i’ tl ree Syae7 (By Fenoss-corruwat sens TY stra lhe pc ont Dy a porated ecing Samp she cae tee nate seonecctenn oor tu Pm oe pret esi cle ree nt Se ha Tete shah enh ttc ien Srpptbemn Sae “Tesuhoo fue at temps order een sat peruse Teese cum Monee anminieg SREEESTEa cg pata nronesbo me a Tim ee oe aac @ voi Sere dying Sing tamg teen cng eal ns Si en we eet enn ney ht thy Derive eterna te pte ess eo kyo ‘The Belief Perseverance Effect: “Don’t Confuse Me with the Facts” ceo Goth th ma utc arestr song tc bf iy wv ein sgn, nino tt wen et Or aos ped ea pl ig me opr vis sw ae eee ey cnes Faves "Wanee cure prem wl repend eh chalege iy ia Thole ce pmsl Uncing cae rages ey melo cetyl mnt ‘Sen oe ork "od cy eal yl le (orb bw pce nf ha ay saealy pce iy ehcaraed e innne peay erpr wed hen weep eae Bae Freche ebro ry iing he hy wee oily ste Oter ie ae ses "Ss ee Se pet ty i = iow meg ge eye (Te }2.0F ‘oa lp ees nyt on coms cog >| Rincon isc ning iene mutations ofthe Bat Preeverance et ster nee Peeters ernest oi Sits Minty ip ut oyu ha ay ee he? rd Theo ent el on Spal To ee hm: Sees a pw te id ep estat perenne klley rey ocho an Try Meer le cd tngchee Maka noon caloy @ EXERCISE 3.13 The Peer f Sacral Bf ss ge on mani fl emer om Agate me ee ‘Pom Teco tiny el iP Ep ia Pema = Conclusions: "To Metathink or Not to Metathink?” an apn nnd died pc ating psi. 1 Rein yee i ey ee ‘ita enlony to mune ot your bee righ and he cs st MoS anergy rich fom * SSinnee meg a ella tha ean neenedayMimic shies entin shea et rik as See (2rparcl tr cnmeal ceo sepa fron Sooere tedeocgusctios + a Sneek andi n'we sen paw mera ot ey Rrimmreanifetictcty tiers Rite lec war ‘hewmen Simic sutwabe’ snes nics b aa ws ca i Thm efor he ee ay dea I weber ray eh roles Tony now spi one en ese" (Qed lJ 18 In Xcite tro yl he ‘ng or da of al hing ee canes pc oy wl th ‘epee cole youre ly comedy ey a ep + hie eb ars ite Sey eg ar ey ener or ae @ cHarter summary : ih a end cetacean ey pom Eetpets atom eet ‘heater ce aioe hiner, Remhuse oer dient «Tony pennant Seer aape aays Te, mnangein aoa fees pr ew~paaas ‘prporde pt nou ape see eletn caper ‘acl ter rice Seca tel er titre snc Ime e uri, ei Fn ne Sereccchth eatcermeeg Sfiscum sacterpee cnc @ ver teams “nepal ete Sea easy deg Soelay a 7 heen tices circa eneaocs ft ape ligne lng a an {itn th he pe mented Ashen Siydaeece rece alata erence nh tn suipchl Caton Amma cpa sSrpep tere locaCapers tinct ey We ts rt ‘Sie ope Dogma ge tg Cairn mc SEeietectepcinsl Maoh pe ned ad ge lence te ‘alge oben alpen Septem eid gg Siero ikl de Sebel rane eee Sieehemmeeecimastie sn gr =e etme Seas stasing rtd ed sso ow gat ‘eget pa “hea eed Compre Se =a. Sore Feet Tareoarkeeereria” ae Tasco eee, aa Foe tee Se eon “Seo torediinrbensectatenwe CHAPTER 4 Cognition: Sensation, Perception, and States of Consciousness Sow our oon our tnd Aan wht. ti tuts ens meds truly tty rca tae) —so ee