Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Though the construction of the envelope is empirical, the data mostly define rather clearly
how it should be drawn. The method can provide continuous long-term estimates of
groundwater discharge. This has important implications for the practical evaluation of
groundwater resources as the data on separated groundwater runoff can be statistically treated
the same way as any other data, e.g. probability of exceedance or extremes of groundwater
runoff can be studied or groundwater recharge can be estimated.
569.0
3
2
568.5
envelope line
568.0
567.5
0
20
40
60
Discharge [l/s]
80
100
Fig. 1: Relationship between stream discharge and groundwater table in a well that represents
an aquifer hydraulically connected with the stream, envelope line and its three typical
sections
Comparisons of results obtained by the Kliner-Knezek method with isotopic runoff
separation (Holko, 1995, Holko et al., 2000) indicated that the method gives reliable
estimates of groundwater runoff. In this work we evaluate the performance of the method in
several catchments with varying natural conditions and analyze the results with respect to
detailed knowledge of hydrological behavior of the catchments gained from experimental
research.
LITERATURE
Holko, L., 1995: Application of stable environmental isotopes in hydrological research of a
mountain catchment (in Slovak). PhD thesis, Inst. of Hydrology SAS, Bratislava,
100pp
Holko, L., Herrmann, A., Schniger, M., Schumann, S., 2000: Groundwater runoff in a